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EXPERIMENT 1: REAGENT: Dry Egg Albumin

COMPOSITION OF MOST ORGANIC 1mL concentrated nitric acid
COMPOUNDS Ammonium molybdate
Chemical Formula:
CHIEF ELEMENTS IN ORGANIC Nitric Acid: HNO3
COMPOUNDS: Ammonium Molybdate: NH4MoO4
 Carbon Yellow Precipitate (Ammonium
 Hydrogen Phosphomolybdate) indicates the presence
 Oxygen w/ small amount of of phosphorous.
halogen
 Nitrogen Equation:
 Sulfur (NH4)3PO412MoO3+12H20
 Phosphorous
TEST 5: Halogens
TEST 1: Carbon and Hydrogen REAGENT: Cu Wire
REAGENT: Dry Egg Albumin Chloroform
Moisture/Water is collected. Chemical Formula:
Charring indicates: CARBON Chloroform: CHCL3
Formation of water indicates: HYDROGEN Color of Flame: GREEN
Due to: Decomposition of Copper Halide
Name of Test: Beilstein Test
TEST 2: Nitrogen
REAGENT: ½ g urea + 1g soda lime
Chemical Formula: EXPERIMENT 2:
Urea: NH2CONH2 PURIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Soda Lime: CaOH2+NaCO3
Red Litmus Paper turned BLUE due to I. Recrystallization
AMMONIA GAS (NH3) -Most practical method of purifying
ODOR is PUNGENT. -Solvent is mixed and heated then cooled
to become a pure substance.
TEST 3: Sulfur REAGENT:
REAGENT: 5g impure Acetanilide (10% sodium
Dry Egg albumin chloride)
Dilute Sodium Hydroxide 1g Animal Charcoal
Lead Acetate Chemical Formula:
Chemical Formula: Acetanilide: C6H5NHCOCH3
Sodium Hydroxide: NaOH Observations:
Lead Acetate: Pb(CH3COO)2 Crystals in beaker covered with
Color of the Precipitate: BLACK watch glass: LARGER
Name/Formula of Precipitate: Lead Sulfide Crystals in ice bath: SMALLER
(Pbs) Percent Yield was calculated.
Equation: Actual yield: weight of crystals
Na2S+Pb(CH3COO)2Pbs+NaCh3COO Theoretical yield: given yield
TEST 4: Phosphorous
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Test: Bromine
II. Sublimation REAGENT:
-Solid to gas without passing the liquid 1mL Bromine Water
phase Organic Product:
REAGENT: 1-Bromohexane
1g Benzoic Acid cont. sodium Equation:
chloride C6H14+Br2-CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2Br+HBr
Chemical Formula:
Benzoic Acid: C7H6O2 Vial III.
Observations: Test: Iodine
Benzoic Acid became fumes then REAGENT:
crystallized. 2 drops of Alcoholic Iodine
Observation:
III. Distillation Orange and no reaction
-Liquid to gas; gas to liquid
Reagent: Vial IV.
120cc colored alcoholic solution Test: Ignition Test
Purpose: REAGENT:
Recover non-volatile impurity 5 drops of Hexane
Why not fasten cork tightly? Equation:
Receiver may BURST when it is too C6H14+9.5O26CO2+7H2O
lodged and set.
Why should distilling flask not be filled? B. Preparation and Properties of Alkyne
So that the purity of the distillate
may not be compromised. I. Preparation
REAGENT:
Calcium Carbide +H2O=Acetylene
EXPERIMENT 3: Water displacement was used.
PROPERTIES OF ALKANE AND ALKYNE
II. Properties
A. Properties of Hexane (3 vials) 1st Vial
All three vials contain 1mL hexane Test: Baeyer’s Test
REAGENT:
Vial I. 1mL Alkaline permanganate
Test: Baeyer’s Test Equation:
REAGENT: 3C2L
1mL Alkaline Permanganate Observation:
Observation: Brown Precipitate
Purple and No reaction

Vial II.
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2nd Vial CaC2+2H2OH-C≡C-H+Ca(OH)2

Test: Bromine -reactive chemical forming addition
REAGENT: products (ethylene)
1mL Bromine water -its hydrogen atoms are replaceable by Cu
Equation: and Au
.. -carry one acidic hydrogen
Observation:
Yellow Solution

3rd Vial
Test: Iodine EXPERIMENT 4:
REAGENT: REACTIONS OF ALCOHOLS
1mL Alcoholic Iodine
Equation: A.
.. I. Preparation of Anhydrous Alcohol
Observation: REAGENT:
Red Solution and No reaction 10mL Ethyl Alcohol
1g Calcium Carbide
4th Vial
Test: Formation of Cuprous Acetylide Equation:
REAGENT: 95% Ethyl
5mL Ammoniacal Solution of Alcohol+CaC2CH3CH2CH+C2H2+Ca(OH)2
Cuprous Chloride
Equation:
HC≡CH+Cu2CL2+NH4OH-> CuC≡ II. Test for Water in Alcohol
CCu+NH4Cl+H2O REAGENT:
Observation: Anhydrous Copper Sulfate
Brown Precipitate 2mL 95% Ethyl Alcohol
Observations:
NOTES: Ethyl is bluer than the anhydrous.
Alkanes Equation:
-Inert 95% Eth.Alc.
-Needs catalyst to undergo substitution CH3CH2OH+CuSO4CH3OH+CuSO4*H2O
reaction Anhydrous Alc.
CH3CH2OH+CuSO4No change
Hexane
-saturated carbon

Acetylene
-odorless, colorless gas
-slightly soluble in water
-First member of the alkyne series
-Triple Bond
-action of water on calcium carbide III. Esterification
V. Oxidation
REAGENT:
½ mL Ethyl, Methyl, Tert-Butyl
5 drops Potassium Dichromate
5 drops dilute Sulfuric Acid
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A.
REAGENT:
1 mL Ethyl Alcohol
1 mL Acetic Acid
1 mL concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Observation:
Odor: Plastic Balloon
Equation:
CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH-CH3C-
OCH2CH3+H2O O

B.
REAGENT:
1 mL Methyl Alcohol
1 mL Salicylic Acid
1 mL concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Observation:
Odor: Mint
Equation:
COOH C=O
OCH3

+CH3OH +H2O
OH OH

IV. IODOFORM TEST

REAGENT:
4 drops Ethyl Alcohol in 1 mL
water
3 drops of 8 N NaOH
Iodine in Kl
Observation:
Yellow Precipitate
Equation:
CH3CH2OH+4I2+6NaOH
CHI3+HCOONa+5NaI+5H2O
HCOONa: Sodium Formate
5Na: Sodium Iodide
HCOOH: Formic Acid
CH3COOH: Acetic Acid