Class:1720607

Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :

201720060707
Assignment 1
Submission date: 10.3.2020
Question 1: Write the differences between vacuum tube & transistor.
1. The vacuum tube is an electron tube from which all or most of the gas has
been removed, permitting electrons to move with no or low interaction with
any remaining gas molecules.
2. A transistor is a device that conducts a variable amount of electricity
through it, depending on how much electricity is input to it. In other
words, it is a digital switch. However, unlike the vacuum tube, it is solid
state.
3. Solid state means that it doesn't change its physical form as it switches.
There are no moving parts in a transistor.
4. Compared to the vacuum tube, transistors were much smaller, faster and
cheaper to manufacture. They were also far more reliable and used much less
power.

Question 2: What are the different types of memory devices? Write the differences between
RAM & ROM.
There are four types of memory devices,
1.SRAM: Static Random Access Memory
2.DRAM：Dynamic Random Access Memory
3.ROM: Read Only Memory
4.EEPROM：Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
Differences between RAM & ROM:

RAM ROM

Volatile memory Non volatile

Data in RAM is not permanently
written when power off, data Permanently ,not erased
deleted.
RAM : DRAM & SRAM ROM:PROM & EPROM
Class:1720607
Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :
201720060707
It requires flow of electricity to It does not require electricity to
retain data. retain data.
RAM is the memory available for the ROM is the memory that comes with
operating system programs and your computer that is pre-written
process to use when the computer is to hold the instructions for
running. booting up the computer.

Question 3: Explain transducer, signal conditioner & op-amp.

Transducer : A substance or device, such as a piezoelectric crystal,
microphone or photoelectric cell, that converts input energy of one form into
output energy of another.
Signal conditioner : In electronics,it means manipulating an analog signal in
such a way that it meets the requirements of the next stage for further
processing.
Op amp : the heart of the analog computer. It can perform many mathematical
operations such as multiplication, addition, subtraction, division,
integration and differentiation. It is a vital component of analog design
Question 4: Explain second order low pass filter with block diagram.

second order low pass filter ：

Class:1720607
Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :
201720060707

Question 5: Draw the block diagram of flash ADC & sigma delta converter.

flash ADC :
Class:1720607
Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :
201720060707
Class:1720607
Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :
201720060707

sigma delta converter:

Class:1720607
Name :Gong Hu ming yang Student number :
201720060707