BIOMECHANICS ASSIGNMENT

ANALYSE POSTURE IN FRONTAL AND SAGITTAL PLANE

BY: APOORV GARG
B. P. T. 2ND YEAR
ROLL NO. 04
20TH BATCH

IDEAL POSITION OF PLUMB LINE (PL) :

IN FRONTAL PLANE (ANTERIOR ASPECT):

Head PL passing through the Eyes and ears are at

midline of forehead, level and symmetrical
nose & chin

Neck/shoulder Right and left angles

between shoulders and
neck should be
symmetrical. Clavicle
should also be
symmetrical
Chest PL passing through the Ribs on each side
middle of xiphoid should be symmetrical
process

Abdomen/hips PL Passes through the Right and left waist

umbilicus angle should be
symmetrical

Hips/pelvis PL Passes on a line Anterior superior iliac

equidistant from the spines should be level.
right and left anterior
superior iliac spines.
Passes through the
symphysis pubis
Knees PL Passes between Patella should be
knees equidistant from symmetrical and facing
medial femoral straight ahead
condyles
Ankles/Feet PL Passes between Malleoli should be
ankles equidistant from symmetrical and feet
the medial malleoli should be parallel.
Toes should not be
curled, overlapping, or
deviated to one side.
 IN FRONTAL PLANE (POSTERIOR ASPECT):

Head Passes through middle Head should be straight

of head with no lateral tilting.
Angles between
shoulders and neck
should be equal
Arms Arms should hang
naturally so that the
palms of the hands are
facing the sides of the
body.
Shoulders/spine Passes along vertebral Scapulae should lie flat
column in a straight against the rib cage, be
line, which should equidistant from the
bisect the back into two line of gravity, and be
symmetrical halves. separated by about 4
inches in the adult
Hips/Pelvis Passes through gluteal The posterior superior
cleft of buttocks and iliac spines should be
should be equidistant level. The gluteal folds
from posterior superior should be level and
iliac spines. symmetrical.
Knees Passes between the Look to see that the
knees equidistant from knees are level
medial joint aspects

Ankles/Feet Passes between ankles The heel cords should

equidistant from the be vertical and malleoli
medial malleoli should be symmetrical.
 IN SAGITTAL PLANE:
Joints Plumb Line

Atlanto-occipital joints Anterior-to- transverse axis for

flexion and extension

Cervical Posterior

Thoracic Anterior

Lumbar Posterior

Sacroiliac joint Anterior

Hip joint Posterior

Knee Joint Anterior

Ankle Joint Anterior

 CASE STUDY-1
POSTURE ANALYSIS-FRONTAL PLANE
(ANTERIOR ASPECT)
Body Segment Plumb Line Location Observation

Head Plumb line passing Ears and Eyes are at

through the Right of level and symmetrical
forehead, nose and
chin
Neck/Shoulder Right and left angles
between shoulder and
neck are symmetrical.
Clavicle also
symmetrical.
Chest Plumb line passing Ribs on each side are
through middle of symmetrical
xiphoid process.
Abdomen Plumb line passing Slightly unequal waist
through umbilicus angles
Hip Plumb line passing ASIS are at equal
equidistant from both level.
the ASIS and through
the pubic symphysis
Knees Plumb line passing Patella symmetrical
between the medial and facing medially
femoral condyles forward
Ankle Plumb line passing Neutral
between both the
medial malleolus
POSTURE ANALYSIS- FRONTAL PLANE
(POSTERIOR ASPECT)
Body Segment Plumb Line Location Observation
Head Plumb line passes Head is straight
through middle of
head
Arms Distance between left arm
and waist more than that
of right arm and waist
Scapula Equidistant from both Medial border and inferior
the scapula angle of both scapula are
more prominent towards
outwards
Spine Plumb line bisecting Mid line passes through
the vertebral column the spine
into equal symmetrical
halves
Hip Plumb line passes Plumb line is equidistant
through the gluteal from both the PSIS and
cleft both are at level.
Knees Plumb line passes Neutral
between the medial
joint aspect of knee
Ankles Plumb line passes Neutral
between the medial
malleoli’s
POSTURE ANALYSIS- SAGITTAL PLANE
Body Segment Plumb Line Location Observation

Head Plumb line passes through Normal Head

external auditory meatus position

Shoulder Plumb line passing Protracted/Forward

posterior to shoulder joint Shoulders

Thoracic Spine Plumb line passing Curvature of

 through midthorax thoracic spine is
normal
Lumbar Spine Plumb line passing Curvature of lumbar
posterior to the lumbar spine is normal
vertebral bodies

Hip Joint Plumb line passing Hip joint in neutral

posterior to greater position
trochanter

Knees Plumb line passing Neutral

anterior to axis of knee
joint

Ankles Plumb line passing Arches of foot are

anterior to ankle joint normal
THANK
YOU