Dated : 10.02.

2019

Comments/Observations on design& drawing of 32m span RCC T-Beam

Permissible stress of concrete & steel and creep and material Properties:

1. Permissible compressive stress limit in concrete for quasi permanent load combination is taken as
0.36*fck and stresses are checked against this value. However, as per IRC 112:2019, Cl. 12.2.1 and
12.2.2, permissible Stress are 0.36fcm(to) ,where fcm (to) =fck+10 .
2. Concrete, Ec (short term modulus)( values) are linked to some other sheet which may harm the
design report if deleted. Please review.
3. Creep coeff. as per Formulas given in annexure A-2 clause A2.5 should be used instead of Table
values.
4. Creep coefficient calculations for 100 years, values of ΦRH, ΒH have calculations mistakes in
formula and calculated values have not been used anywhere in design sheet
5. In calculation of Effective Width please review maximum available width of deck slab, which
should be taken as maximum instead of minimum.
6. In calculation of geometric of Mid section (girder only) ,Moment of inertia of bottom triangular
portion is calculated incorrectly, please review.
7. In calculation of Cracked section Properties - Mid Section (girder only) for stress check , M.O.I of
crack section is incorrectly calculated in case of N.A. Lies within flanged portion, as Dc shall be
used in formula instead of flange thickness
8. In calculation of Cracked section Properties - Mid Section (girder only) for stress check, Center of
gravity (c.g.) of section “A5” i.e, “y5” from top surface in case of N.A. Lies within web portion.
please review.
9. Diagram/Modeling snapshots are irrelevant with design geometry.

Loads, load factors and load combinations:

10. Ultimate load factor for IRC special vehicle, under ULS check, has been taken as 1.15. However it
should be taken as 1.0 as per clause 204.5.4 of IRC 6:2017
1. In Live load fatigue case, congestion factor shall not be multiplied by fatigue load in design
calculation.
2. In seismic case of bending moment calculations, live load value in formula should be divided by
impact factor in order to get correct values.
3. Wearing coat thickness is considered as 65mm plus 50mm overlay, however no overlay is
permitted as per clause 2702.5 of MoRTH specification.

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 4. In ultimate basic 1,2,3,4 combinations, temperature load are calculated accompanying with LL,
which is incorrect as it doesn't contributing to moments but should be used in stress check so it
shall be taken as zero in Ultimate basic comb.
5. In seismic load calculation, please calculate sa/g using Time period as per (Refer IRC SP
114:2018, chapter 4 and chapter 5) as value is directly taken as 2.5
6. CG of group of bars from bottom should be calculated from area of R/f instead of number of
bars.
7. In case of actual neutral axis lies within chamfer portion of girder (i.e. Xu > Df). please review
compressive force calculations.
8. In thermal load calculations, Moment due to temp. rise are used however temp. fall are not
being used anywhere in design sheet.

Design of girder for ULS and SLS:

1. Moment capacity and shear capacity of precast girder as per construction sequence given in
“INTRO” sheet of design document (at stage of girder launching at 7 th day) has not been
calculated.
1. Stress check of precast girder, at stage of girder launching(7 th day) is calculated by using value of
Ec of 28 days. However, reduced value of Ecm at 7 thday may be used as per Eq 6.10 of
IRC112:2011.
2. Short term deflection of precast girder, at stage of girder launching (7 th day) may be calculated by
using reduced value of Ecm at 7th day as per Eq 6.10 of IRC112:2011.
2. Moment capacity has been calculated incorrectly for precast girderand composite section.
3. Shear reinforcement requirement is checked by comparing V ED and VRDC (shear capacity without
shear reinforcement) where value of VED is taken as per equation 10.5 of IRC 112-2011. However,
the VED is the applied shear force which should have been taken from Midas Analysis model.
Applied shear force VED value should not be more than value mentioned in equation 10.5 in case
shear force, applied within distance 0.5d and 2d from edge of support, is calculated without
reduction factor. Please review.
4. Stress calculated in precast girder in serviceability limit state is not correct. Formula for depth of
compression (dc),in precast girder, provided in the design document is not correct as area of
triangular tapered portion of top bulb of precast girder has not been used in calculation of Neutral
axis and cracked moment of inertia.
5. Stress calculated incomposite girder in Serviceability limit state is not correct. Formula for depth of
compression (dc), in composite girder, provided in the design document is not correct as area of
top bulb (rectangular portion and tapered portion) of precast girder has not been used in
calculation of Neutral axis and cracked moment of inertia.

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 6. Calculation of thermal stresses has been done incorrectly. Stresses have been calculated assuming
the structure as restrained in translation and rotation. Stress values for steel and concrete have
been taken as input in the design calculation. Kindly review
7. Ratio of strain of steel to strain of concrete (Ɛs /Ɛc), in serviceability stress check, is nowhere used
in calculation hence may be removed from design calculation.
8. Design of deck slab has not been submitted.

General Observations:

1. Reaction at each bearing location may be provided for design of substructure, pedestal and
bearing etc.
2. Design consultant should explore various depths of girder and other parameters to optimize and
economizethe girder dimensions.
3. Reinforcements may be curtailed at suitable locations to economize the total steel quantity and
overall cost of superstructure.

Drawings:

Since analysis and design is to be revised in view our comments/suggestion, drawings shall be
reviewed after receiving revised drawings. However, few general comments are as under;
1. Dimensions and reinforcement details are not legible in the drawing. Kindly enlarge the sections
and other details to make it clear.
2. Reinforcement steel shown in the drawings does not match with the design calculation.
3. Dimensions of girder shown in the drawings do not match with the design calculation.
4. Pre-camber values have not been provided in camber diagram.
5. Arrangement / Provision of Longitudinal seismic stopper may be considered.

Note: Please Note that all the above comments are applicable for all RCC T beam superstructure
submitted till date.

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