Conférence Internationale des Grands Réseaux Électriques à Haute Tension

112, Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

Session 1964 - 1er Juin - 10 Juin
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210. METHODS OF DIMENSIONING FOR UPLIIT

. FOUNOATIONS OF TRANSMISSION UNE
TOWERS
. by H. MORS,
Brown, Boveri and Co., Mannheim
(Germany).
PARIS. - IMPRIMERIE GAUTHIER-VILLARS & C'•
Quai des Grands-Augustins, 55.

164508-64
SUMMARY.

Imprimé en France. The single (oundalions of a Lower are subjecled lo upli(l and
compression loadings. The decisive factor (or determining the dimen­
sions of a Lower is, in general, the upli(l and as such il creates mosl of
the problems of a Lower (oundalion design. This report deals wilh
the relevant problems of uplift.
While dimensioning the upli(t (oundalions, the (ollowing two criterions
should be observed :
1. Type of soil, (oundalion deplh, (orm and construction of (oun­
dation, duralion of maximum working load and the ratio of vertical
Lo horizontal components of the load.
2. Movemenl of the (oundalion.
This should nol exceed a certain limil. Olherwise the slabilily of
the (oundations is disturbed. This may also induce some additional
undue stresses in the tower steel work.
210 -8- -9- 210
Figure G a shows the distribution of pressure in the soil over In this case there is no displacement of soil on the surface
the foundation bottom plate before the slip-surface stage is reached. due to movement of foundation. Therefore the method aeeording
It also shows how cracks begin to take place in soil around the O. K. Frôhlich can be applied, whereby the foundation bottom
outer edges of foundation bottom place as the Joad increases. plate is supposed to lie under elastic half spacc, which gives an
The slip-surface forms a Iogarithmic spiral. Thus the earth resistance
results out of the weight of earth cone being lifted up and the friction T
in the slip-surface. One can then assume for friction i·. e. for
pressure p on this spiral-eurved slip surface : /'-;
1 �

!
1· 1
p = ly sin (5" + p) + Pn · 1 1

w!
1
bcid .soif
Depending on the type of soil the value lies between fi 5 - � and 90°.
1

Q4GU>Y> p-t/or:
forca/cu/o:t;ro,-, ;oo d .Co;r

tT
1
90'-fo
90'-'{'n,p.

Fig. G b. - Assumption of slip-surface in soi! of clilîerent qualities.

/
/
'--.s/1!'.stJYfa<�
admissible pressure on the bottom plate. If this admissible pressure
is exceeded, the soil starts beeoming plastic.
/ -Î"-vpl 1ft
For non-cohesive material Pk = o. Considering the elastic­
1 cumplastie behaviour of soi!, it can be assumed that pressure distri­
1 bution on the bottom plate is uniform. It is necessary that in this
Fig. Ga. -- Distribution of pressure before slip-surface arises. formula only those constants which are ascertained by tests, are used.
y. The " shearing " method in connection wilh the standard " Barth
For practical purposes the above formula has been simplified. pressure " lheory (see fig. 7). - It is assumed that, in order to creatc
The simplified formula, given below agrees more or Jess with the
earth cone method T

It should be borne on mind that for dissimilar layers of soil, difYc­

rT
- L_
L
rent values may result (see fig. G b). t� C
yÀ. p -;c:T
�- Barth resistance against uplift of foundations with relatively
great depths and small values ?. · - Under " relatively great depths "
l
b Fig. 7.
one understands depths of fi-5 ms or more and -t < o.5-o.8. Further-
more it is taken for granted that the compactness of soil at least uplift conditions, the soil over the foundation plate can be
resembles with the natural Iayers of soil with very good bearing compressed upwards and sidewards. The test results have shown
that the coefficient )," for this loading case must be reduced.
capacity. For normal soils the ratio �/. should be smaller than o. 2. For foundation with shuttering up to bottom plate )./1 will be reducell