Q1/ Explain briefly

A- The level of urea will increase in the Gastrointestinal bleeding?

Extensive bleeding into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract will also cause an elevated
BUN because digested blood is a source of urea , thus lead to increase the level of
the serum urea. For example, a hemorrhage of one liter of blood into the GI tract
may elevate the BUN up to 40mg/ml.

B- The level of urea will increase in the Nephritic syndrome?

Nephritic syndrome is a collection of different signs and symptoms that occur as a

result of inflammation in the kidneys. This inflammation causes the kidneys to
work less effectively, some people may go on to develop renal failure. So when
glomeruli are severely inflamed, they swell up and get loaded and clogged by the
inflammatory cells and platelets accumulation. So, blood can’t pass through and
glomerular filtration decreases. When total urine formation per 24 hours
becomes less than 400 ml/24 hours, we say patient has developed oliguria due to
reduced GFR. This lead to increase the level of urea in the blood.