Class-4, Lesson-2

Adaptations in plants

NOTE- STUDENTS ARE REQUESTED TO NOTE DOWN THESE QUESTION and ANSWERS IN THEIR NOTEBOOK.

Q1. State the environmental conditions that make plants different from each other.

Ans. Plants are different from each other because they grow in different surroundings which have
different soil, temperature and rainfall.

Q2.What are aquatic plants?

Ans: Plants that grow in ponds, lakes and other water bodies are called aquatic plants. 

Q3. What are terrestrial plants?

Ans.The plants that grow on land are called terrestrial plants.

Q4. How do the following plants adapt to their surroundings? Cactus, Lotus and Conifers.

Ans: i) Cactus is a desert plant and grows in hot and dry climate. It shows the following features that
help it to grow in desert:-

a) Its leaves change into spines to save water.

b) Its Stem is green, thick and fleshy to perform
Photosynthesis and store water.eg. Cactus, Babul.
c) It has wide spreading roots to absorb water.

ii) Lotus is a fixed floating plant. It shows the following features that help it to grow in water:-

a) It has hollow and light stem that keeps it afloat.

b) The leaves have waxy coating to prevent them from rotting in water.
c) Their leaves are broad with stomata on their upper surface only. This avoids blocking of pores in
the leaves.

iii) Conifers grow on hills in cold climate. They show the following features:--

a) Trees are tall, straight and conical shaped.

b) Their leaves are like needles with few stomata.
c) Some plants have woody cones instead of flowers.

Q5. How do free floating plants differ from submerged plants?

Free floating plants Submerged plants

• These plants are light and spongy, float • These plants grow and remain under
freely on the water surface. water.
• Leaves have stomata. • They have no stomata.
• They are filled with air and breathe through • They breathe through the body
stomata surface
• Their leaves are broader. • They have long, thin and tapering
• Their roots are not fixed to the water bed. leaves.
 E.g.-Duckweed and Water hyacinth. • Their roots are fixed to the water bed
e.g. Hydrilla and Tape grass

Q6. Why do submerged plants have long, thin and tapering leaves?

Ans. Submerged plants remain under the water. Its long, thin and tapering leaves offer least resistance
to water.

GIVE REASON:

Q1. Leaves of lotus plant have stomata on the upper surface.

Ans. Leaves of Lotus plant have stomata only on the upper surface so that the pores don’t get
blocked with water.

Q2. Conifers have a conical shape.

Ans. Conical shape of conifers helps the snow and water to slide off easily.

Q3. Cactus has a green, thick and fleshy stem.

Ans. Cactus has green, thick and fleshy stem to perform photosynthesis and store water for
emergency.

Q4. Trees growing in the plains have broad, flat leaves.

Ans. Trees growing in plain areas have broad, flat leaves that help water to evaporate and keep the
tree cool when the climate is hot.