PARADIGMS

Participle paradigm: (you must know this by heart!)

 Present active – playing (bare present continuous)

 Present passive – being played (being+ past tense)
 Past active – played (past tense)
 Past passive - /
 Perfect active – having played (having+ past tense)
 Perfect participle progressive – having been playing (having been+ present continuous)
 Perfect passive – having been played (having been+ past tense)

Gerund paradigm: (you must know this by heart!)

 Present active – writing (bare present continuous)

 Present passive – being written (being+ past tense) marked for voice
 Perfect active – having written (having+ past tense) marked for aspect
 Perfect passive – having been written (having been+ past tense) marked for both voice and aspect

Infinitive

Infinitive paradigm: (you must know this by heart!)

 Present active – (to) play (to+ infinitive)

 Present passive – (to) be played (to be+ past tense)
 Present progressive active – (to) be playing (to be+ present continuous)
 Perfect active – (to) have played (to have+ past tense)
 Perfect passive – (to) have been played (to have been+ past tense)
 Perfect progressive – (to) have been playing (to have been+ present continuous)