3.

Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 10
Pre-f

3. Pe W„=∂<£ (W„=∂<£ ‰õΩ@∞O|O) ã¨∂~å

ѨiK«Ü«∞O
k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’ Wk =¸_»= ã¨∂~å. J~Ú`Õ k=º Y∞~üP<£ J=`«~°} „Hõ=∞OÖ’
=¸_»= ã¨∂~åQÍ ÉèÏqOK«~å^Œ∞. Wk =∞^Œh ã¨∂~å, JO>Ë =∞n<åÖ’ J=`«iOzOk. D
ã¨∂~åÖ’ `ÒÇ‘Ï^£ (UHõ ^≥"· å~å^è#Œ ), k=º Y∞~üP<£ J=`«~}° Å ^è$Œ gHõ~}° , „Ѩ=HõÅΠѨ~O° Ѩ~,°
H˘xfl W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ K«@Ñì ~¨ "° ∞≥ #ÿ P^ÕâßÅ∞ „Ѩ^•è #OQÍ L<åfl~Ú. J`«ºO`« ^è~Œ ‡° Ѩ~åÜ«∞}`«fiO
Hõey# W„=∂<£ ‰õΩ@∞O|O – „Ѩ=HõÎ =¸™ê (Jã¨), „Ѩ=HõÎ D™ê (Jã¨)ʼnõΩ ѨÓsfi‰õΩ_≥·#
W„=∂<£ ‰õΩ@∞O|O ¿Ñ~°∞ D ã¨∂~å‰õΩ ÃÑ@ì_»O [iyOk.
D ã¨∂~å `ÒÇ‘Ï^£ (UHõ ^≥·"å~å^èŒ#)#∞ <˘H˜¯ K≥|∞`«∂ „áê~°OÉèíO J=Ù`«∞Ok.
k=º Y∞~üP<£ ^Õ=Ùx `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# J=`«iã¨∞Î#fl ^≥·="å}˜ Jx <˘H˜¯ K≥|∞`«∂, WO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞
J=`«iOz# k=º „QÆO^ä•Å∞ – `Ò~å`ü, WOrÖòÅ#∞ ^èŒ$gHõiã¨∞ÎOk. =Ú#∞Ѩ\ ˜ k=º
„QÆO^ä•Å∞ – `Ò~å`ü, WOrÖòÅ =∂kiQÍ H͉õΩO_® k=º Y∞~üP<£ XHõ ã¨OѨÓ~°‚"≥∞ÿ# k=º
"å}˜ Jx D ã¨∂~å `≥Å∞ѨÙ`«∞Ok. k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’x ~Ô O_»= ã¨∂~å =ÚYºOQÍ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å
QÆ∞iOz, „Ѩ=HõÎ =¸™ê (Jã¨) QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ™êÎqOzOk. HÍQÍ, D ã¨∂~å =ÚYºOQÍ
„ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ QÆ∞iOz, „Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ™êÎqOzOk.
D ã¨∂~å#∞ Ô~O_»∞ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# ÉèÏQÍÅ∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ÉèÏQÆOÖ’
„QÆO^äŒ „Ѩ[Å (Ü«¸^Œ∞Å, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ) QÆ∞iOz, =ÚYºOQÍ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ™êÎ=#
LOk. "åix „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ L^ÕÌtOz K≥ѨÊ_»O [iyOk. H˘`«ÎQÍ J=`«iã¨∞Î#fl D
^≥·==K«<åÅ#∞ ã‘fiHõiOKåÅh, JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ Z=ih KÕ~°Û~å^Œx K≥ѨÊ_»O
[iyOk. Ô~O_»= ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ^èŒ~°‡ ã¨∂„`åÅ∞, ^≥·"å^ÕâßÅ „Ѩ™êÎ=# LOk.
Ü«∂=`«∞Î =∂#"åox ã¨$+≤ìOzOk PÜ«∞<Õ. =∞x+≤H˜ =∂`«$QÆ~°ƒùOÖ’ PÜ«∞#
~°∂ѨÙ~ˆ YÅ∞ W™êÎ_∞» . WHõ¯_» J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀ=Åã≤# q+¨Ü∞« "Õ∞=∞O>Ë, =∂`«$QÆ~ƒ° Où Ö’ rq`«O
ZÖÏO\˜^À =∞#‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞#>Ë¡, ѨÙ@∞ìHõ "≥#∞Hõ L#fl ~°Ç¨Ï™êºÅ∞ =∞#‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞#>Ë¡,
D™ê „Ѩ=HõÎ (Jã¨) ѨÙ@∞ìHõ ‰õÄ_® =∞x+≤ "Õ∞^茉õΩ JO^Œx q+¨Ü«∞O.
W„™ê~¸Öò ã¨O`«u QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ™êÎqã¨∂,Î "åix JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ zǨflÅ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«_®xH˜
x~åHõiOKÕ "åiQÍ =i‚OK«_»O [iyOk. QÆ`« HÍÖÏxH˜ K≥Ok# 43 =∞Ok „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞
ǨÏ`«=∂iÛ# *ÏuQÍ, 170 =∞Ok ã¨^•Kå~° ã¨OѨ#∞flÅ#∞ K«OÑ≤# "åiQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok.
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å#∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ#∞ L^ÕÌtOz, "åiH˜ k=º „QÆO^ä•Å#∞ „Ѩ™êkOK«_»O [iyO^Œh,
212
07 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
HÍx "å~°∞ P „QÆO^ä•Å‰õΩ Hõ@∞ì|_»ÖË^Œx q=∞i≈OK«_»O [iyOk. "åi „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’ „Ѩ=HõÎ
=ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) QÆ∞iOz# „Ѩ™êÎ=# LO^Œh, HÍ|\˜ì „QÆO^ä„Œ Ѩ[Å∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
(ã¨Jã¨O)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OKåÅx K≥ѨÊ_»O [iyOk.
"≥∞ã¨ûÜ«∞º JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ HÍ^Œh, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ ‰õÄ_® HÍ^Œh, ˆH=ÅO =∂=¸Å∞
=∞x+≤ =∂„`«"Õ∞#h, XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ =∂„`«"Õ∞#x K≥ѨÊ_»O [iyOk. D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ J<ÕHõ
Kåi„`«Hõ ã¨OѶ¨∞@#Å#∞ „Ѩ™êÎqOK«_»O [iyOk.
D ã¨∂~åÖ’ P^Œ"£∞, D™ê (Jã¨)Å ã¨$+≤ì QÆ∞iOz QÆ∞~°∞Î KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. D™ê
„Ѩ=HõÎ ã¨$+≤xì P^Œ"∞£ (Jã¨) ã¨$+≤`ì À áÈÅÛ@O [iyOk. P^Œ"∞£ (Jã¨)#∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«e`¡ O« „_ç
W^ŒÌ~°∂ ÖˉõΩO_® ã¨$+≤ìOKå_»∞. D™ê (Jã¨)#∞ ˆH=ÅO `«O„_ç ÖˉõΩO_® ѨÙ\˜ìOKå_»∞. D™ê
„Ѩ=HõÎ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ã¨$+≤Oì z# =∂#==∂„`«∞_»∞ `«Ñʨ JO`«‰Ωõ q∞Oz Ug∞ HÍ^Œx D PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞
ã¨Ê+¨ìO KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê P~å^èŒ#‰õΩ J~°∞›_»∞ =∞Ô~=fi~°∂ ÖË~°x D q^èŒOQÍ ã¨Ê+ì̈O
KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk.
=∂#"åo HÀã¨O LxH˜Ö’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å|_ç# L`«Î=∞ ã¨=∂[OQÍ =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ#∞ D
ã¨∂~åÖ’ Jaè=i‚OK«_O» [iyOk. =∞Oz "≥Ñ· Ù¨ #‰õΩ Ñ≤eKÕ, K≥_∞» #∞Oz x~ÀkèOKÕ ã¨=∂[OQÍ
U~°Ê_®Åx =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ#∞ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOzOk. D ã¨∂~åÖ’ =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ <≥·uHõ ã¨÷~Ú~åºxfl
ÃÑOá⁄OkOKÕ "åHͺÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ Z#fl\˜H© =Úã≤=¡ ÚʼnõΩ #+¨Oì HõeyOK«Ö~Ë h° ,
Ѩ~åÉèí=O, J==∂#O, ^≥·#ºO, ^≥·"å„QÆǨÏO, Ѩ`«<åÅ∞ "åiH˜ `«Ñ¨Ê=x `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã≤Ok.
=Úã≤¡=ÚÅ∞ Hõ+¨ìHÍÅOÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ï#O =Ç≤Ï¿ãÎ, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ #=Ú‡‰õΩO>Ë Jqâßfiã¨∞Å ‰õΩ„@Å∞
ÉèíQÆfl=∞=Ù`åÜ«∞x Éèí~À™ê WzÛOk.
D ã¨∂~å Ô~O_»∞ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ <˘H˜¯ K≥|∞`«∂ =ÚQÆ∞ã¨∞ÎOk. Jq :
1. ^Õ=Ù_»∞ XHõ¯_Õ J#fl q+¨Ü«∞O. Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ ã¨$+≤ì, ˆ~~ÚO|=à◊√¡ XHõ^•x
`«~åfi`« XHõ\ ˜ ~å=_»O =O\˜ ^Œ$ëêìO`åÅ∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ XHõ¯_Õ J#fl "åã¨"Î åxfl ã¨Ê+¨Oì KÕã∞¨ <Î åfl~Ú.
2. ã¨Ç¨Ï#"Õ∞ ™êѶ¨ÖϺxH˜ ™ê^èŒ#=∞x qâ◊nHõiã¨∞ÎOk.

213
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 10
Pre-f

3. Pe W„=∂<£1 ã¨∂~å
J=`«~°} : =∞n<å PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ : 200
Jáê~° Hõ~∞° }Ï=∞Ü«Ú_»∞, Ѩ~=° ∞ Hõ$áêjÅ∞_≥#·
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ¿Ñ~°∞`À
1 – 2 JeѶπ ÖÏ"£∞ g∞"£∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ –
PÜ«∞# `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À P~å^茺 ^≥·=O ÖË_»∞.
PÜ«∞# ã¨r=Ù_»∞, ã¨~°fiã¨$+≤ìH˜
2
=¸ÖÏ^è•~°O.
1. D ã¨∂~å =∞n<åÖ’ J=`«iOzOk. WO^Œe qq^èŒ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ qq^èŒ ã¨O^Œ~åƒù
ÅÖ’– Ç≤Ï„[`ü J#O`«~°O – J=`«iOKå~Ú. "≥Ú^Œ\˜ 83 PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ Ç≤Ï„r 9=
U@ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) ã¨xflkèH˜ =zÛ# #[~å<£ „ÔH·ã¨Î=|$O^ŒO QÆ∞iOz
J=`«iOѨ*ËÜ«∞|_ç#"Õ. „ÔH·ã¨Î= =∞`åKå~°∞ºÅ∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =^ŒÌ‰õΩ =zÛ „ÔH·ã¨Î=
=∞`« qâßfi™êÅ QÆ∞iOz – W™ê¡O QÆ∞iOz "åkOKå~°∞. "åi ã≤^•úO`åÅ#∞
YO_çã¨∂Î '=ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ— H˘~°‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® "åix Ñ≤Å∞=@O [iyOk. "å\˜ q=~åÅ∞
=Ú#∞‡O^Œ∞ =™êÎ~Ú. D <ÕÑ^¨ ºŒä OÖ’<Õ D ã¨∂~åÖ’x D PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞ J^躌 Ü«∞#O
KÕÜ∂« e.
2. ǨÏÜ«Úº<£ =∞iÜ«Ú YÜ«¸º=Ú<£ : Wq Ô~O_»∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =ÚYº QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞.
'ǨÏÜ«Úº<£— JO>Ë ã¨r=Ù_»∞. x`«∞º_»∞, Pk =∞^蕺O`« ~°Ç≤Ï`«∞_»∞. ѨÓ~°fiO ‰õÄ_®
L<åfl_»∞. <Õ_∂» L<åfl_»∞, U<å\˜HÔ <· å LO\Ï_»∞. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ =∞~°}O J#flk LO_»^∞Œ .
'YÜ«¸ºO— JO>Ë ã¨=∞ã¨Î ã¨$+≤Hì ˜ =¸ÖÏ^è•~°O, ã¨=∞™êÎhfl „Ѩu+≤Oª z#"å_»∞, ã¨~åfihfl
HÍáê_Õ"å_»∞, Ѩ~°º"ÕHõ∆‰õΩ_»∞ Jx ÉèÏ=O. qâ◊fiO "≥Ú`«ÎO PÜ«∞#ÃÑ·<Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç
LOk. HÍx PÜ«∞# =∂„`«O Z=iÃÑ·<å P^è•~°Ñ¨_çÖË_»∞. qâ◊fi=∞O`«\˜H© PÜ«∞#
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ J=ã¨~O° LOk. HÍx PÜ«∞#‰õΩ =∂„`«O Z=i J=ã¨~=° ¸ ÖË^∞Œ . „ÔHã· =Ψ ÙÅ∞
Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î (Ǩτ[`ü D™ê)#∞ ^≥·=OQÍ ÖËHõ ^Õ=Ùx ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞QÍ ÖËHõ =ÚQÆ∞æiÖ’
XHõxQÍ #"Õ∞‡"å~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ "åiH˜ D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å ["å|∞ W=fi|_çOk –
Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î ‰õÄ_® ^Õ=Ùx ã¨$+≤ì J~Ú#ѨÙ_»∞, PÜ«∞# ã¨~Ú`«O `«e¡ Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠#∞Oz
ѨÙ\˜ì#ѨC_»∞, PÜ«∞# ѨÙ@∞ìHõ ‰õÄ_® ã¨$+≤ì LxH˜Ö’H˜ =zÛ# KåÖÏ HÍÅO `«~°∞"å`«
[iy#ѨÙ_»∞ PÜ«∞# ^Õ=Ù_»∞ ÖËHõ ^Õ=Ùx ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ ZÖÏ J=Ù`å~°∞? g∞ qâßfiã¨"∞Õ
QÆ#Hõ XHõ"Õà◊ x["≥∞ÿ#^≥·`Õ PÜ«∞# XHõ =∂#= ã¨$+≤ìQÍ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ=KÕÛ |^Œ∞Å∞
^≥·=`«fiѨ٠ÅHõ∆}ÏÅ`À ã¨$+≤ì LxH˜H˜ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ<Õ „ѨÉèíqOz LO_®eûOk. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ
=∞~°}O ‰õÄ_® ã¨OÉèíqOK«=Åã≤Ok HÍ^Œ∞. HÍx XHÍ<˘Hõ xs‚`« ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’
214
08 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
3 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) PÜ«∞# hÃÑ· ã¨`«ºO`À
áê@∞ D „QÆO^ä•xfl J=`«iOѨ*âË ß_»∞.3
^•xH˜ ѨÓ~°fiO =zÛ# „QÆO^ä•Å#∞ Jk
^è$Œ =Ѩ~∞° ã¨∞OÎ k. PÜ«∞<Õ `Ò~å`«∞, Wh˚Å∞
„QÆO^ä•Å#∞ J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»∞,4
4 WO`«‰õΩ =Ú#∞Ѩ٠„Ѩ[Å =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈
Hõ`fi« OQÍ. WOHÍ w@∞~å~Ú (Y∞~üP<£)x
‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞<Õ J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»∞.5
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞ u~°ã¯¨ iOz# "åiH˜
Hõi#î tHõ∆ Ѩ_@ » O MÏÜ«∞O. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
ã¨~åfikè‰Ωõ º_»∞. „ѨfHÍ~°O KÕ¿ã"å_»∂#∞.
PÜ«∞# =∞~°}O˜ K«=Åã≤#"åˆ~. „ÔHã· =Ψ ÙÖˇ`· Õ PÜ«∞# =∞$`«∞º"å`«# Ѩ_®¤~<° Õ JO\Ï~°∞.
k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’x =¸_»∞ PÜ«∞`«∞ÅÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∞Ǩϟ#fl`« <å=∞O (WÃã‡
P["£∞) ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çO^Œh, ^•x P^è•~°OQÍ KÕ¿ã "Õ_»∞HÀÅ∞ „`Àã≤ѨÙK«Û|_»^Œh
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’¡ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk : "å\˜Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\˜k Pe W„=∂<£ ã¨∂~åÖ’x D (Ô~O_»=)
PÜ«∞`«∞. Ô~O_»=k : PÜ«∞`«∞Öò ‰õΩsûÖ’xk (JÖϡǨï ÖÏ ~ÚÖÏÇ¨Ï WÖÏ¡ Ǩï=Öò
ǨÏÜ«ÚºÖò YÜ«¸º"£∞). =¸_»=k : `åǨ ã¨∂~å Ö’xk (= J#uÖò =ÙEǨï
eÖò ǨÏ~ÚºÖò YÜ«¸º"£∞) (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü – `«Ñ¶‘û~ü PÜ«∞`«∞Öò ‰õΩsû).
3. JO>Ë D „QÆO^äOŒ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞O_ç J=`«iOѨ*Ü Ë ∞« |_çO^Œ<kÕ ã¨`º« O. WO^Œ∞Ö’
ã¨O^ÕǨxH˜ P™ê¯~°O ÖË^Œ∞. WHõ¯_» „QÆO^äŒO JO>Ë k=º Y∞~üP<£ Jx ÉèÏ=O.
4. WO`«‰õΩ =Ú#∞Ѩ٠^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï=Úã¨ûÖÏO)ÃÑ· J=`«iOz# „QÆO^ä•Å∞
ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ#=x D „QÆO^äŒO ^èŒ$gHõiã¨∞ÎOk. P „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’ q=iOK«|_ç# JOâß
ÅxflO\˜h JOwHõiã¨∞ÎOk. "å\˜Ö’ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç=Ù#fl Éèíq+¨º`«∞ΉõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
„ѨHõ@#Å#∞ XѨC‰õΩO@∞Ok. ѨÓ~°fiѨ٠„QÆO^ä•Å#∞ J=`«iOѨ *Ëã≤#"å_Õ D
Y∞~üP<£ „QÆO^ä•xfl ‰õÄ_® J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»#\ÏxH˜ W^˘Hõ „Ѩ|Å `å~å¯}O.
XHõ"Õà◊ ã¨~°fiÖ’Hõ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù#QÍHõ "Õ~˘Hõi „Ѩ"Õ∞Ü«∞O`À, =∂#=ÙÅ Hõ$+≤`À
Wk ~°∂á⁄OkOK«|_ç LO>Ë Jk ѨÓ~°fiѨ٠„QÆO^ä•Å#∞ ã¨`«º=∞x ^èŒ$gHõiOKÕk
HÍ^Œ∞, "å\˜H˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ LO_Õk. Jxfl q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’#∂ "å\˜`À qÉèËkOKÕk.
5. JO>Ë `Ò~å`ü, Wh˚Å∞ „QÆO^ä•Å∞ ‰õÄ_® `«=∞ `«=∞ HÍÖÏÖ’¡ =∂#"åoH˜ ã¨<å‡~°æO
K«∂¿Ñ=#flk xifi"å^•Oâ◊O. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë P „QÆO^ä•Å#∞ J=`«iOѨ*ËÜ«∞@OÖ’x
Jã¨Å∞ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO =∂~°æO K«∂Ѩ@"Õ∞. P `«~åfi`« ''D w@∞~å~Úx ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞<Õ
215
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 10
Pre-f
5 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ – Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅÖ’x
U =ã¨∞Î=Ó JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ QÀѨºOQÍ ÖË^Œ∞.
6 PÜ«∞<Õ `å#∞ HÀi# q^èŒOQÍ =∂`«$
QÆ~åƒùÖ’¡ g∞ ~°∂Ѩو~YÅ#∞ =∞Å∞™êÎ_»∞.6
PÜ«∞# `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À P~å^èŒ∞º_»∞ ÖË_»∞.
PÜ«∞# â◊H˜Î ã¨OѨ#∞fl_»∞, q"ÕHõ ã¨OѨ
#∞fl_»∞ ‰õÄ_®#∞.
7 hÃÑ· „QÆO^ä•xfl J=`«iOѨ*Ëã≤#"å_»∞
PÜ«∞<Õ. JO^Œ∞Ö’ ã¨∞ã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ#
(=ÚǨϯ=∂`ü) =K«<åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. Jq
„QÆO^ä•xH˜ =¸ÅO. =∞iH˘xfl |Ǩïq^èŒ
ÉèÏ=O`À ‰õÄ_ç# (=Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü)
=K«<åÅ∞<åfl~Ú.7 ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂ÅÖ’ =„Hõ`«
L#fl "å~°∞ JO^Œ∞Ö’x |Ǩïq^èŒ ÉèÏ=
=K«<åÅ (=Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü) "≥O@Ѩ_ç
J=`«iOѨ*âË ß_»∞—— J#fl ѨÅ∞‰õΩ#∞ |\˜ì qk`«=∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë JOu=∞ ^≥=· „QÆO^äŒ
"≥∞ÿ# Y∞~üP<£ "˘ã¨QÆ|_ç# `«~°∞"å`« WHõ Wh˚Å∞ (ɡ·aÅ∞), `Ò~å`üÅ J=ã¨~°O
ÖË^∞Œ . <Õ_∞» ã¨`åºã¨`åºÅ#∞, ^è~Œ å‡^è~Œ å‡Å#∞ "Õ~∞° Ѩ~K° Q« eÆ Qˆ „QÆO^äOŒ Y∞~üP<£ XHõ¯>Ë.
Hõ#∞Hõ Y∞~üP<£ „QÆO^ä•xfl ã¨`«º=∞x #"Õ∞‡=~°‰õÄ Z=~°∂ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞, qâßfiã¨∞Å∞
HÍ*ÏÅ~°∞.
6. JO>Ë JO^ŒOQÍ#∂–JO^ŒqHÍ~°OQÍ#∂, =∞QÆ"åxQÍ#∂–P_»^•xQÍ#∂, ÉèÏQƺ
=O`«∞xQÍ#∂ – ^Ò~åƒùQ∞Æ ºxQÍ#∂, ã¨~åfiOQÆ ã¨∞O^Œ~O° QÍ#∂ – JOQÆqHõÅ∞xQÍ#∂
`«#H˜+Oì¨ =zÛ# q^èOŒ QÍ =∞Å∞™êÎ_∞» . =∂`«$QÆ~åƒùÅÖ’ Wxfl q^è•Å∞QÍ ~°∂ѨHÅõ Ê#
KÕ¿ã JkèHÍ~°O ^≥·"åxH˜ =∂„`«"Õ∞ LOk. J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ Ǩτ[`ü D™ê
JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO (Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î) ^≥·=O ZÖÏ J=Ù`å~°∞? "åã¨Î"åxH˜ PÜ«∞# ã¨~Ú`«O
=∂`«$QÆ~°ƒùOÖ’ ã¨$+≤ì„Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ qq^èŒ ^Œâ◊Å#∞ JkèQÆq∞Oz# "åˆ~<åÜ≥∞!
7. =ÚǨϯ=∂`ü :JO>Ë ã¨Ê+¨"ì ∞≥ #ÿ q. WO^Œ∞Ö’ KÕÜ∞« =Åã≤#q–KÕÜ∞« ‰õÄ_»xq, P^ÕâßÅ∞–
P[˝Å∞, J#∞[˝Å∞, QÍ^èÅŒ ∞–=$`åÎO`åÅ∞ Jhfl L<åfl~Ú. Jq ZO`À ‰õÄÅOHõ+O¨ QÍ
LO\Ï~Ú. "å\˜ J~°O÷ ã≤~÷ O° QÍ LO@∞Ok. "å\˜x J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀ=@OÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜
W|ƒOn LO_»^Œ∞. nxH˜ „ѨuQÍ =Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü J#|_Õ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ L<åfl~Ú.
216
09 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
(„Ѩ[Å#∞) „Éè+í µ¨ Ñì \¨ Oì˜ K«\ÏxH˜ „ѨÜ∞« ufl
™êÎ~°∞. `«=∞ L^ÕÌâߺŠHõ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ
`å`«Ê~åºÅ∞ f™êÎ~°∞. x*ÏxH˜ "å\˜
"åã¨ÎqHõ`« JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ `«Ñ¨Ê "ÕÔ~=iH©
`≥b^Œ∞.8 J~Ú`Õ *Ï˝#OÖ’ ѨiѨHõfi`«
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ : JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Jã≤Î`«fiO, ã¨fi~°æ#~°HÍÅ∞, ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. "å\˜
"åã¨ÎqHõ`«#∞ PHõoOѨ٠KÕã¨∞HÀ=@OÖ’ =∂#= |∞nú*Ï˝<åÅ∞ qѶ¨Å=∞=Ù`«∂
LO\Ï~Ú. "å\˜#∞Oz <å<å~å÷Å∞ fÜ«∞_®xH© ÖËHõ "å\˜Ö’x Jã¨Ê+¨`ì #« ∞ P^è•~°OQÍ
KÕã¨∞‰õΩx „Ѩ[Å#∞ ÃÑ_»^•i Ѩ\ ˜ìOK«_®xH˜ P™ê¯~°O LO@∞Ok. ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂ÅÖ’
'=„Hõ`«— L#fl"å~°∞ WÖÏO\˜ H˜¡+¨ì=∞~Ú# PÜ«∞`«∞Å #∞Oz ‰õÄÑ‘Å∞ ÖÏy, "å\˜
^•fi~å 'LѨ„^Œ=O— ã¨$+≤ìã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞.
„ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ KÕã≤Ok ‰õÄ_® J^Õ. k=º Y∞~üP<£ Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î)#∞
^≥=· ^•ã¨∞_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ Jx ã¨Ê+¨Oì KÕãO≤ k. Wk ZO`À ã¨Ê+¨"ì ∞≥ #ÿ , xiÌ+"ì¨ ∞≥ #ÿ
q+¨Ü«∞O. HÍx „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ D ã¨∞ã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∂xfl =kÖËã≤ Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î#∞ k=º
Y∞~üP<£ ~°∂ǨïÖÏ¡ÇÏπ (^Õ=Ùx P`«‡), Hõe=∞`«∞ÖÏ¡ÇÏπ (^≥=· "å‰õΩ¯) Jx Jaè=i‚Oz#
Ѩ^•Å#∞ P„â◊~ÚOz, "å\˜ Pã¨~å`À `«ÑC¨ _»∞ qâßfi™êÅ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ P^è•~åÅ∞ "≥eH˜f¿ã
„ѨÜ∞« `«flO KÕ™êÎ~∞° . D<å\˜ =∞# ã¨=∂[OÖ’x a^£JfÅ (^è~Œ ‡° OÖ’ H˘`«Î ѨÙO`«Å∞
`˘‰õΩ¯`«∞#fl "åi) Ѩiã≤÷u ‰õÄ_® ~ÚO`Õ. Y∞~üP<£ „ѨɒkèOz# ã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ#
qâßfi™êʼnõΩ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ a^£JfÅ∞ HõeÊOz# |∂@HõѨ٠ã¨∂„`åÅhfl D
'=Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü—Å P^è•~°OQÍ HõeÊOz#"Õ. XHÀ¯™êi '=ÚǨϯ=∂`ü— Å#∞ ã¨~Ú`«O
D „Ѩ|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ `«=∞ QÍ~°_`ô À '=Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü—Å∞QÍ =∂ˆ~Û „ѨÜ∞« `«flO KÕã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞.
nxH˜ aè#flOQÍ ã¨`«º|^Œú"≥∞ÿ# qâßfiã¨OQÆÅ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ '=ÚǨϯ=∂`ü— =K«<åÅ#∞
`«∞.K«. `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® áê\˜™êÎ~°∞. '=Ú`«ëêaǨ`ü—Å ^ŒQÆæ~°‰õΩ =KÕÛã¨iH˜ "å~°∞ `«=∞
q[˝`#« ∞ „Ѩ^iŒ ≈ã¨∂Î "å\˜Ñ@¨ ¡ `«=∞‰õΩ „ѨQÍ_è"» ∞≥ #ÿ qâßfiã¨O LO^Œx K≥ÑÊ≤ ã¨Oâ◊Ü∂«
ʼnõΩ `≥~° kOKÕ™êÎ~∞° . gÅ~Ú#O`«=~°‰Ωõ ã¨Ê+¨"ì ∞≥ #ÿ =K«<åÅ P^è•~°OQÍ Jã¨Ê+¨"ì ∞≥ #ÿ
=K«<åÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® J=QÍǨÏ# KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ü«∞uflã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
D '=ÚǨϯ=∂`ü—<Õ Y∞~üP<£ 'Jã¨Å∞ „QÆO^äŒO—QÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕã≤Ok. =∞x+≤ g\˜x
z`«Îâ◊√kú`À J~°÷O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ LѨ„^Œ"åÅ #∞Oz ã¨∞~°H˜∆`«OQÍ
LO\Ï_»∞. `«Ñ¨C_»∞ qâßfi™êʼnõΩ Ö’#∞ H͉õΩO_® LO\Ï_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞#efl
J@∞=O\˜ ã¨^Œ∞ƒkú HõÅ"åiQÍ KÕÜ«ÚQÍHõ!
8. =¸ÅOÖ’ ''`ågÖò—— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO =zÛOk. `ågÖò‰õΩ ''U^≥·<å q+¨Ü«∂xH˜
217
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
á⁄Ok#"å~°∞ =∂„`«O, ''"Õ∞=Ú g\˜x
qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. W=hfl =∂ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù#∞Oz =zÛ#"Õ—— Jx JO\Ï~°∞.
"å㨠Π" åxH˜ |∞nú *Ï˝ < åÅ∞ Hõ Å "å~° ∞
=∂„`«"Õ∞ Ç≤Ï`«É’^èŒ#∞ „QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ~°∞.
8 ("å~°∞ WÖÏ "Õ_»∞‰õΩO@∂ LO\Ï~°∞:)
''=∂ „ѨÉ∂íè ! ã¨<å‡~°Éæ Ïè QƺO „Ѩ™êkOz#
`«~°∞"å`« =∂ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂ÅÖ’ =„Hõ`«#∞
~åhÜ«∞‰õΩ. h =^ŒÌ #∞Oz =∂‰õΩ HÍ~°∞
}Ϻxfl „Ѩ™êkOK«∞. xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ h"Õ
Q˘Ñ¨Ê ^•`«=Ù.——
9 ''=∂ „ѨÉ∂íè ! xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ h=Ù [#∞
ÅO^Œih XHõ ~ÀA ã¨g∞Hõi™êÎ=Ù. P
~ÀA ~å=@OÖ’ ã¨O^ÕǨxH˜ ZÖÏO\˜
P™ê¯~°O ÖË^∞Œ , JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤u÷
Ö’#∂ "åQÍÌ<åxH˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ =º=ǨÏ
iOK«_∞» .——
10 Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞9 "åi ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞
QÍh, "åi ã¨O`å#OQÍh JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (tHõ∆)
#∞Oz q_çÑ≤OK«@OÖ’ U=∂„`«O LѨ
Ü≥∂QÆÑ_¨ =» Ù. #~°HÍxH˜ WO^è#Œ O JÜÕ∞º
"å~°∞ gˆ~.
ã¨O|OkèOz# Jã¨Å∞ "åã¨qÎ Hõ`—« — Jx XHõ J~°O÷ LOk. D J~°O÷ QÆ#Hõ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë
=¸ÅOÖ’ `«Ñ¨Êxã¨iQÍ 'WÅ¡ÖÏ¡ÇπÏ— (JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê) =~°‰õΩ "åHõºO ѨÓ~°Î~Ú#@∞¡
ÉèÏqOKåe. J~Ú`Õ `ågÖò‰õΩ 'U^Œ~Ú<å q+¨Ü«∂xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# "åºMϺ#O,
`å`«Ê~°ºO, q=~°}— J<Õ =∞~À J~°O÷ ‰õÄ_® LOk. D J~°O÷ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë 'WÅ¡ÖÏ¡ÇÏπ —
^ŒQÆæ~° H͉õΩO_® '=„~åã≤Y∂# Ѷ≤Öò We‡— (*Ï˝#OÖ’ ѨiѨHõfi`« á⁄Ok#"å~°∞) J<Õ
KÀ@ ‰õÄ_® "åHͺxfl ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ñ¨iѨHõfi *Ï˝#∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_®
ã¨Ô~·# "åºMϺ#O, q=~°} KÕ¿ã ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl, *Ï˝<åxfl Hõey LO\Ï~°∞. k=º
218
10 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
11 Ѷ≤~“#∞ [#∞ʼnõΩ, "åiH˜ ѨÓ~°fiO
QÆuOz# "åiH˜ Ѩ\#ì˜ QÆ`Õ giH© Ѩ_∞»
`«∞Ok. (ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë) "å~°∞ =∂ =K«<å
Å#∞ kèHõ¯iOKå~°∞. =∞i JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ‰õÄ_®
"åix "åi áêáêʼnõΩQÍ#∞ Ѩ@∞ì
‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ f„=OQÍ ^ŒO_çOKÕ
"å_»∞ ã¨∞=∂!
12 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) Jqâßfiã¨∞Å`À K≥ѨC:
''`«fi~°Ö’<Õ g∞~°∞ F@q∞ áêÅ=Ù`å~°∞.
#~°HOõ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ ã¨g∞HõiOK«|_»`å~°∞. Jk
J`«ºO`« K≥_¤» x"å㨠ã¨Å÷ O.——
13 =ÚMÏ=Úv J~Ú# P Ô~O_»∞ =~åæ
ÅÖ’ g∞ HÀã¨O xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ QÆ∞}áê~î°
ã¨∂K«# LOk. "å\˜Ö’ XHõ =~°æO ^≥·=
=∂~°Oæ Ö’ áÈ~å_»∞`«∂ LO_»QÍ, ~Ô O_Àk
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å =~°æO. "å~°∞ `«=∞ Hõ<åfl
Ô~O_çO`« Å∞O_»\Ïxfl "å~°∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ
`«=∞ Hõà◊§`À uÅH˜OKå~°∞.10 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`å#∞ `«Åz# "åiH˜ `«# ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O`À
|ÅO KÕ‰Äõ ~°∞Û`å_»∞. Hõà√◊ §#fl "åiHÀã¨O
WO^Œ∞Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÆ∞}áê~î°O LOk.
Y∞~üP<£Ö’ '`ågÖò—‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# D Ô~O_»∞ J~å÷Å∂ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«|_ç#@∞¡
^•YÖÏÅ∞<åfl~Ú (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü "åºMϺ# ™ê~åOâ◊O).
9. WHõ¯_» Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ JO>Ë Ü«¸^Œ∞Åx ÉèÏ=O. D Éèíq+¨º"å}˜ Ju `«fi~°Ö’<Õ
<≥~°"ÕiOk. Ü«¸^Œ∞ʼnõΩ K≥Ok# |#∂Mˇ·#∞MÏ, |#∂ #r~ü `≥QÆÅ∞ ^Õâ◊O #∞Oz
|Ç≤Ï+¨¯iOK«|_®¤~Ú. |#∂ Y∞Ô~[· `≥Q"Æ å~°∞ =kèOK«|_®¤~∞° . Mˇ|· ~ü [~ÚOK«|_çOk.
P `«~°∞"å`« Ü«¸^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· 'l*òÜ«∂— qkèOK«|_çOk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
10. JO>Ë „Ѩu =~°æO `«=∞ „Ѩ`«ºi÷ =~åæxfl `«=∞Hõ<åfl Ô~O_çO`«Å∞QÍ K«∂_»™êyOk.
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å ã¨OYº ^•^•Ñ¨Ù "≥~Úº. JO>Ë =Úã≤¡OÅHõ<åfl =¸_»∞ Ô~@∞¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ
L<åfl~°#fl=∂@. J~Ú`Õ "åi HõO\˜H˜ =Úã≤O¡ Å∞ ~Ô O_»∞"ÕÅ =∞OkQÍ HÍ#=KåÛ~°∞.
219
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f

14 „ã‘ÅÎ ∞, ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∂, áÈQÆ∞KÕÜ∞« |_ç#

"≥O_ç |OQÍ~°∞ ~åã¨∞Å∂, JK«∞Û"ÕÜ«∞
|_ç# ("Õ∞e*Ïu) QÆ∞„~åÅ∞, Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ∂,
ѨO@á⁄ÖÏÅ∞ =O\˜ "åº"≥∂ǨÅÃÑ·
„¿Ñ=∞, [#∞ʼnõΩ =∞<À[˝OQÍ KÕÜ«∞
=Úã≤O¡ ÅO>Ë Jqâßfiã¨∞Å QÆ∞O_≥Ö’¡ ^Œ_» ѨÙ\˜Oì K«@"Õ∞ nx Jã¨Å∞ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O. =∞~À"≥Ñ· Ù¨
=Úã≤¡O Ãã·x‰õΩÅ ã¨OYº =¸_»∞ =O^ŒÅ ÃÑ·zÅ∞‰õΩ (313) =∂„`«"Õ∞. "åi HõO\˜H˜
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ 600 ÖËHõ 700 =∞OkQÍ HõxÑ≤OKå~°∞. x*ÏxH˜ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å ã¨OYº
~°}~°OQÆOÖ’ ã¨∞=∂~°∞ "≥~Úº. =Úã≤O¡ Å P`«‡ qâßfi™êxfl, ã¨~÷ Ú~åºxfl W#∞=∞_çOѨ
*ËÜ∞« _®xH˜ ^Õ=Ù_çÖÏ KÕâß_»∞. ^Õ=Ùx =ӺǨÏ"Õ∞ QÆ#Hõ ~ÚHõ¯_» ѨxKÕã≤ LO_»Háõ È`Õ,
`«=∞Hõ<åfl =¸_çO`«Å∞ JkèHõOQÍ L#fl Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ K«∂ã≤ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_Õ
"åˆ~"≥∂! =¸_çO`«Å‰õΩ |^Œ∞Å∞ Ô~O_çO`«Å∞QÍ Hõ#|_Õã¨iH˜ "åi P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O
ã¨_»ÅÖË^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ D Ô~\˜ìOѨÙQÍ HÍ#=KÕÛ ã≤÷u Hõ^Œ# ~°OQÆOÖ’ HÍÅ∞ "≥∂ѨHõ
=ÚO^Œ∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ . W~°∞ ѨHÍ∆ Å ¿ã#Å∞ Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O `«ÅѨ_#ç g∞^Œ@ „Ѩu =~°Oæ "åiH˜
„Ѩ`«ºi÷ =~°æO `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ HõxÑ≤OKÕ@@∞ì KÕÜ«∞@O [iyOk. U XHõ¯ =~°æO ‰õÄ_®
Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ѩ@¡ q=ÚY`« K«∂Ѩ~å^Œ#fl^Õ nx ÅHõ∆ ºO (Wɡfl Hõã~‘ )ü . J<£áê¶ Öò ã¨∂~åÖ’x
44= PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ D q+¨Ü«∞O =∞iO`« ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ q=iOK«|_çOk.
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =∞Hͯ #∞Oz =∞n<å‰õΩ Ç≤Ï„[`ü KÕã≤# Ô~O_»∞ ã¨O=`«û~åňH |„^£
Ü«Ú^Œú"≥∞ÿ^•#OÖ’ Z^Œ∞~°~Ú# ã¨OѶ¨∞@# Wk. J<ÕHõ q^è•Å∞QÍ Wk H©ÅHõ"≥∞ÿ#
áÈ~å@O. 1. Jk ã¨`åºã¨`åºÅ‰õΩ =∞^茺 [iy# „Ѩ„Ѩ^äŒ=∞ áÈ~å@O! 2. D
áÈ~å@O ZÖÏO\˜ Ѩ^äŒHõO, =ӺǨÏ~°K«# ÖˉõΩO_®<Õ [iyOk. ã≤iÜ«∂ #∞Oz
=~°ÎHõ ™ê=∞„yx fã¨∞‰õΩx =∞Hͯ‰õΩ "≥à◊√`«∞#fl J|∂ ã¨∞á¶êº<£ HÀã¨O =Úã≤¡OÅ∞
|Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~å~°∞. D =~°Î=∂<åxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ#fl J|∂ ã¨∞á¶êº<£ `«# =~°ÎHõ a_®~°∞
kâ◊#∞ =∂iÛ ZÖÏQÀ `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. HÍx =∞Hͯ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ `«=∞ â∫~åºxfl
„Ѩ^iŒ ≈OKÕ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O`À =Úã≤O¡ ÅÃÑ· ^ŒO_≥uÎ =KåÛ~°∞. |„^£ "≥∞^ÿ •#OÖ’ W~°∞=~åæÅ∂
=∂~˘¯<åfl~Ú. 3. D Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ ^Õ=Ùx „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ
ÅaèOzOk. 4. K«i„`« kâ◊#∞ =∞Åz# D Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ Ѷ¨∞’~°
Ѩ~å[Ü«∞O Z^Œ∞~°~ÚOk. Ѩ~°º=™ê#OQÍ "åiÖ’x P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O h~°∞QÍi
áÈ~ÚOk.
220
11 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
|_çOk.11 Wk „áêѨOzHõ r=#
™ê=∞„y. =∞~°eáÈ=Åã≤# J`«∞º`«Î=∞
x"åã¨"≥∞ÿ`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ<Õ LOk.
11. +¨ÇϨ "å`ü : JO>Ë ã¨ÇϨ [OQÍ =∞x+≤ W+¨Ñì _¨ ,Õ J`«x =∞#ã¨∞#∞ ^ÀK«∞‰õΩ<Õ =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ∞
Jx ÉèÏ=O. JO^Œ∞ˆH P =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ HÀ~°∞HÀ=@O, "å\˜ Ѩ@¡ "≥∂A K«∂Ѩ@O
`«Ñ¨C HÍ^Œ∞. HÍHõáÈ`Õ D q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ =∞x+≤ q∞ug∞iáȉõÄ_»^Œ∞. +¨sÜ«∞`«∞
qkèOz# ǨÏ^Œ∞ÌÅ#∞ Ju„Hõq∞OK«‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. "å\˜x =∞x+≤ H˘~°‰õΩ PHõ~°¬=O`«OQÍ,
=∞<À[˝"≥∞ÿ#qQÍ KÕÜ«∞@O J#flk ‰õÄ_® ^Õ=Ùx `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# F ѨsˆH∆. ''"Õ∞=Ú
=∞#∞+¨µÅ#∞ ѨsH˜∆OKÕ xq∞`«ÎO Éèí∂q∞ÃÑ· L#fl "å\˜x =∞<À[˝"≥∞ÿ#qQÍ KÕâß=Ú——
(JÖò HõǨÏÑ¶π – 7).
Jxfl\˜Hõ<åfl =ÚO^Œ∞ „ã‘Î „Ѩ™êÎ=# =zÛOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ü«ÚHõÎ=Ü«∞ã¨∞û‰õΩ KÕi#
„Ѩu =∞x+≤H© „ã‘Î J`«ºO`« J=ã¨~°O. J`«xH˜ J`«ºO`« ~Ú+¨ì"≥∞ÿ#k ‰õÄ_® „ã‘ÎÜÕ∞.
''„ã‘Î =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨∞"åã¨# <å‰õΩ J`«ºO`« „Ñ‘uHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ k—— Jx =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
(ã¨Jã¨O) "å~°∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ =Hͯ}˜OKå~°∞ (=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£). JÖψQ ''„ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’
J`«ºO`« „âı+¨ª=∞~Ú# ™ê=∞„y U^Œ<åfl LO^ŒO>Ë Jk =∞Oz #_»=_çHõQÆÅ „ã‘Î
=∂„`«"Õ∞—— Jx ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞# (ã¨) „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH P"≥∞ Ü≥∞_»Å QÆÅ
„¿Ñ=∞ +¨sÜ«∞`«∞ qkèOz# Ѩiq∞`«∞Ö’¡ LO>Ë P"≥∞ =∞x+≤ H˘~°‰õΩ J`«∞º`«Î=∞
ã¨Ç¨Ï^èŒ~°‡Kåi}˜QÍ LO_»QÆÅ^Œ∞. JÖψQ Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ ™êѶ¨ÖϺxH˜ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_Õ qÅ∞"≥·#
ã¨OѨ^ŒQÍ ‰õÄ_® Ѩi}q∞OK«QÆÅ^Œ∞. ÖËHõáÈ`Õ D =∞QÆ∞"Õ =∞QÆ"åxáêe@ F
LѨ„^Œ=OQÍ ‰õÄ_® `«Ü«∂~°=QÆÅ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH<Õ"≥∂ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) D
q^èŒOQÍ ÃãÅqKåÛ~°∞: <å `«^Œ#O`«~°O á⁄_»ã¨∂¿Ñ LѨ„^Œ"åÅÖ’ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÅ áêe@
J`«ºO`« #+¨^ì •Ü«∞Hõ"∞≥ #ÿ LѨ„^Œ=O „ã‘ÅÎ ^Õ—— (ã¨ÇÏ‘ ÇπÏ |∞MÏs : H˜`å|∞xflHÍÇπÏ).
JÖψQ =∞QÆÑÅ≤ Å¡ Ѩ@¡ „¿Ñ=∞: =Úã≤O¡ Å â◊HxΘ , |ÖÏxfl ÃÑOK«@O, ã¨O`«ux JkèHOõ
KÕã∞¨ HÀ=@O, qãÎ̈ $`«Ñ~¨ K° ∞« HÀ=@O nx ÅHõ∆ º=∞~Ú`Õ D „¿Ñ=∞ "≥∞K«∞ÛHÀ ^Œy#^Õ.
ÖËHáõ È`Õ Jk xO^•~°›O. D ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ JOu=∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=Hõ(Î ã¨) "åi D „Ѩ=K«<åxfl
QÆ=∞xOK«O_ç : PÜ«∞# (ã¨) WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞ – ''Jq∞`«OQÍ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ, JkèHõ
ã¨O`å<åxfl Hõ<Õ „ã‘xÎ =∞#∞"å_»O_ç. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë <Õ#∞ „ѨàÜ ◊ ∞« k<å# W`«~° ã¨=∂*Ï
ʼnõΩ „ѨuQÍ <å J#∞K«~° ã¨=∂[O (L=∞‡`ü) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ JkèHõ ã¨OYºÃÑ· QÆ~fi° Ѩ_`» å#∞.——
D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å ã¨<åºã¨`«fiO, "≥·~åQƺO, =∞#∞[ *Ïu [#<åÅ#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOKÕ
‰õΩ@∞O| xÜ«∞O„`«}Ï Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅ =O\˜q YO_çOK«|_®¤~Ú. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë '|h<£—
(ã¨O`å#O) J<Õk |Ǩï=K«# Ѩ^ŒO. WHõáÈ`Õ ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ ^•fi~å =∞x+≤ `«#
Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷ux "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~°K«∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. |O^èŒ∞`«fi ǨωõΩ¯Å∞ <≥~°"Õ~°∞™êÎ_»∞. ã¨OˆH∆=∞
221
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
15 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ÑC¨ : g\˜H<õ åfl
"Õ∞Öˇ#· ^Õ^À <Õ#∞ g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞Ѩ<å? ^≥=· ÉèHí Θ
HõÅ"åiH˜ "åi „ѨÉèí∞=Ù =^ŒÌ ã¨fi~°æ
=<åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. "å\˜ „H˜O^Œ HÍÅ∞=Å∞
„Ѩ=Ç≤Ïã¨∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. "å\˜Ö’ "å~°∞
ZÅ¡HÍÅO LO\Ï~°∞.12 Ѩq„`«∞Öˇ·#
ÉèÏ~°ºÅ∞ "åi HÀã¨O LO\Ï~°∞.13 (g@
xflO\˜`Àáê@∞) JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩã#¨ fl`« "åiH˜
„áêÑ≤ãÎ ∞¨ OÎ k. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ^•ã¨∞Å#∞ HõxÃÑ@∞ì
H˘x L<åfl_»∞.
HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂ÅÔH,· ^•#^è~Œ å‡ÅÔH· _»|∞ƒ#∞ "≥zÛ™êÎ_∞» . XHõi =ÚO^Œ∞ KÕ~ÚKåz Ji÷OKÕ
n# ã≤÷u #∞Oz `«#∞fl `å#∞ HÍáê_»∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. D ÅH∆ͺŠHÀã¨O J`«_»∞ ^≥·=
„Ѩ™êk`åÅ#∞ LѨÜ≥∂y¿ãÎ =∞Oz^Õ. JÖÏ HÍx ѨHõ∆OÖ’ Jq J`«x q<åâßxH˜
HÍ~°}Éèí∂`«=∞=Ù`å~Ú. QÆ∞„~åÅ∞ ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~å\ÏxH˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»`å~Ú.
Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ∞ ¿ã^•ºxH˜, `«k`«~° „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åÅ HÀã¨O L^ÕtÌ Oz#q. Éè∂í q∞x ѨO@Å∞
ѨO_çOK«\ÏxH˜ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞‰õΩO\ÏO. =∞i D ÅH∆ͺŠHÀã¨O QÍHõ ˆH=ÅO
_»|∞ƒ ã¨OáêkOK«@O HÀã¨O, ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ªÅ HÀã¨O, |_®~Ú HÀã¨O QÆ∞„~åÅ#∞,
Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ#∞ áÈ+≤¿ãÎ Jk =Ú=∂‡\˜H© QÆ~›°hÜ«∞"Õ∞. =∞x+≤ D Ѩâ√◊ áÈ+¨}Ö’, QÆ∞„~åÅ
"≥∂AÖ’ ^≥·=<å=∞㨇~°} Ѩ@¡ x~°¡Hõ∆ ºO =Ç≤ÏOz, qÖÏã¨=O`«"≥∞ÿ# rq`åxH˜
JÅ"å@∞Ѩ_ç`Õ ÖÏÉèí^•Ü«∞Hõ"≥∞ÿ# D =ã¨∞Î=ÙÖË J`«x áêe@ ǨxHõ~°OQÍ
Ѩi}q∞™êÎ~Ú. 'Y<åf~ü— : Wk 'd<£`å~ü—‰õΩ |Ǩï=K«#O. JO>Ë x^èŒ∞Å∞† "≥O_ç
|OQÍ~åÅ∞, ã≤iã¨OѨ^ÅŒ JkèHõ qã¨Î $u Jx WHõ¯_» ^•x ÉèÏ=O. 'JÖò =Úã¨=fi=∞ÇπÏ—
JO>Ë "Õ∞`«HÀã¨O "Õ∞`«âßÅÖ’H˜ =^ŒeÃÑ@ì|_ç# QÆ∞„~åÅ∞ ÖËHõ Ü«Ú^ŒúO HÀã¨O
ã≤^ÑúŒ ~¨ K° |« _ç#q ÖËHõ QÆ∞~°∞HÎ Àã¨O U^Œ~Ú<å ã¨OYº ÖËHõ zǨÏflO "ÕÜ∞« |_ç# QÆ∞„~åÅ∞
Jx ÉèÏ=O (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü, Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
12. g∞~°∞ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’x D =ã¨∞Î=ÙŠѨ@¡ "≥∂A ÃÑOK«∞‰õΩx ã¨~°fiã¨fiO W^Õ#x
„Éèí=∞Ѩ_»HõO_ç. x*ÏxH˜ ^≥·=O =^ŒÌ g∞HÀã¨O ã≤^ŒúOKÕã≤ LOK«|_ç#k WO`«Hõ<åfl
"Õ∞Öˇ·#k. Jk ˆH=ÅO ^≥·=ÉèíH˜ÎѨ~åÜ«∞}∞ʼnõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ì g∞~°∞
ÉèÜ
í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ q^è•<åxfl (`«MÏfi#∞) J=ÅOaOK«O_ç Jx qâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ É’^èÑŒ ~¨ K° @« O
[iyOk. g∞Ö’<Õ QÆ#Hõ ^≥·"å^ÕâßÅ#∞ áêeOKÕ QÆ∞}O ÃÑOá⁄Ok`Õ, WǨÏѨ~åÅ
â◊√ÉèÏÅhfl g∞ =ÚO^Œ∞ =zÛѨ_ç#>Ë¡#x K≥ѨÊ|_çOk.
13. Ѩq„`« „ã‘ÅÎ O>Ë „áêѨOzHõ JѨiâ◊√„Éè`í Å« ∞, |Ç≤Ï+¨µãì u÷≤ , ѨÙi\˜ãu÷≤ =O\˜q LO_»x
222
12 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final

16 "å~°∞ WÖÏ "Õ_»∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞: ''=∂

„ѨÉèí∂! "Õ∞=Ú qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ
=∂ áêáêÅ#∞ Hõ∆q∞OK«∞. WOHÍ
=∞=∞‡efl Jyfl tHõ∆ #∞Oz HÍáê_»∞.——
17 "å~°∞ F~°∞Ê =Ç≤Ï™êÎ~∞° , ã¨^• ã¨`º« "Õ∞
ѨÅ∞‰õΩ`å~°∞. q^èÕÜ«∞`« K«∂ѨÙ`å~°∞.
^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ Y~°∞ÛKÕ™êÎ~°∞. ~å„u z=i
ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ Hõ∆=∂aèHõ∆ÔH· "Õ_»∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞.
18 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À P~å^茺^≥·=O
ÖË_»x ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ, PÜ«∞#
^Œ∂`«Å∞, *Ï˝# ã¨OѨ#∞flÅ∂ ™êHõ∆º
q∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞.14 PÜ«∞# ã¨=∞`«fiO,
ã¨=∞`«∂HõO`À D qâßfixfl xeÑ≤
LOKå_»∞. ã¨~åfikè‰õΩº_»∞, q"ÕK«<åje
J~Ú# PÜ«∞# `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~˘HõÔ~=~°∂
P~å^è#Œ ‰õΩ J~°∞›Å∞ HÍ~°∞.
19 xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ W™ê¡O =∂„`«"Õ∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ ã¨=∞‡`«"≥∞ÿ# ^èŒ~°‡O.15
„ã‘ÅÎ ∞, ™œjź=`«∞Å∞ Jx J~°O÷ . ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ ~Ô O_»∞ "åHͺ֒¡#∂ ^≥=· ÉèHí ÑΘ ~¨ åÜ«∞}∞Å
ã¨∞QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ q=iOK«|_®¤~Ú.
14. WHõ¯_» +¨Ç¨^Œ`ü (™êHõ∆ ºq∞=fi@O) JO>Ë q_»=∞~°zK≥ѨÊ@O, ™ê=^è•#Ѩ~°K«@O
Jx ÉèÏ=O. JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ U^≥·`Õ ã¨$+≤ìOKå_À, =∞ˆ~^≥·`Õ É’^èŒÑ¨~°Kå_À "å\˜^•fi~å
`«# 'UHõ`«fiO— "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ =∞#O^ŒiH© =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO =Ç≤ÏOKå_»∞ (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞, *Ï˝#∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® D '^Õ=Ùx UHõ`åfixfl— (`ÒÇ‘Ï^£) QÆ∞iOz
™êHõº∆ q∞ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `«# ^Œ∂`«Å`À áê@∞ `«=∞ ¿Ñ~°∞#∞ ‰õÄ_® „Ѩ™êÎqOK«@O
*Ï˝#∞Å, q^•fiOã¨∞Å J^Œ$+¨Oì J<åe. nx^•fi~å *Ï˝<åxH˜ QÆÅ „áê^è•#º`«, =∞ǨÏ`«∞Î
Z@∞=O\˜^À `≥Å∞™ÈÎOk. *Ï˝#O JO>Ë ^≥·=„QÆO^äŒ *Ï˝#O, ã¨∞#fl`ü *Ï˝#O Jx
ÉèÏ=O (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
15. W™ê¡O ^èŒ~°‡O H˘`«Î ^èŒ~°‡"Õ∞g∞ HÍ^Œ∞. „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œ~°∂, `«=∞ `«=∞ HÍÖÏÖ’¡, `«=∞
`«=∞ *Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ É’^èÑŒ ~¨ z° # ^è~Œ ‡° "Õ∞ Wk. HÍHõáÈ`Õ JOu=∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
223
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
„QÆO^äŒOHõÅ „Ѩ[Å∞ `«=∞ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ *Ï˝#O
=KÕÛã≤# Ñ≤^ŒÑ¨<Õ `«=∞Ö’x Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°
Jã¨∂Ü«∂ ^ÕfiëêÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ qÉèkË OK«∞
(ã¨Jã¨O) ^•fi~å Wk =∂#"åoH˜ ã¨OѨÓ~°‚OQÍ JO^Œ*ËÜ«∞|_çOk. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ
(ã¨Jã¨O) `≥eÑ≤#@∞¡QÍ<Õ =∞#O D ^è~Œ å‡xfl ѨÓiÎQÍ #q∞‡ #_»∞K«∞HÀ"åe. `ÒÇ‘Ï^£
(^Õ=Ùx UHõ`«fiO), i™êÅ`ü (^≥·=^Ò`«ºO), Pd~°`ü (Ѩ~°Ö’HõO)ÃÑ· ^Œ$_è» qâßfiã¨O
Hõey LO_®e. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ¯_Õ Jh ˆH=ÅO #q∞‡#O`«=∂„`å# ÖËHõ H˘xfl =∞Oz
Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#flO`« =∂„`å# =∞# rq`«OÖ’ ã¨OѨÓ~°‚ W™ê¡O ~å^Œ∞. ^•x=Å¡
Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ ™êѶ¨ÅºO ‰õÄ_® ã≤kúOK«^Œ∞. W™ê¡O J<åfl, D=∂<£ J<åfl, r=# ^èŒ~°‡O
J<åfl ѨÓiÎÉèÏ=O Uq∞@O>Ë – JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ¯_Õ#x #=∂‡e. ˆH=ÅO PÜ«∞<Õfl
P~åkèOKåe, =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) ã¨"Õ∞`«OQÍ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œih qâ◊fiã≤OKåe.
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨)`À ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO Ѩiã¨=∂ѨÎ=∞~ÚO^Œ#fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl
=∞#™ê~å JOwHõiOKåe. D qâßfi™êÅ`À áê@∞ Y∞~üP<£ ǨÏnã¨∞Å „ѨHÍ~°O
ã¨^•K«~°}Å#∞ „â◊^ŒúQÍ J=ÅOaOKåe. W^Õ W™ê¡O ^èŒ~°‡O. D ^èŒ~°‡O `«Ñ¨Ê
=∞~˘Hõ ^èŒ~°‡O Un ^≥·= ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’ ã‘fiHÍ~°Ü≥∂QƺO HÍ^Œ∞. D =∂~åæxfl `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À
=∂~åæxfl J=ÅOaOz# "å_»∞ Ѩ~Ö° ’HõOÖ’ qѶŨ ∞_»=Ù`å_»∞, #+¨áì È`å_»∞. ''="≥∞ñÿ
Ü«∞ºÉò`«y ÔQ·~°Öò W™ê¡q∞ n#<£ Ѷ¨Öˇ·ñ Ü«ÚMò|Å q∞<£Ç¨ï. = Ǩï= Ѷ≤Öò Pd~°u
q∞#Öò MÏã≤s<£—— (Z=Ô~·<å W™ê¡O#∞ H͉õΩO_® =∞~À ^èŒ~å‡xfl J<Õfi+≤¿ãÎ J`«x
^è~Œ ‡° O ã‘fiHõiOK«|_»^∞Œ . JÖÏO\˜ =ºH˜Î Ѩ~Ö° ’HõOÖ’ #+¨áì È~Ú#"åiÖ’ KÕiáÈ`å_»∞
– Pe W„=∂<£ : 85).
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Å¡ÖϡǨï JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï = ã¨Å¡O) QÍi ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO ã¨=∞ã¨Î =∂#=ÙʼnõΩ
=iÎã¨∞ÎOk. ''(F „Ѩ=HÍÎ) "åi`À J#O_ç : „Ѩ[ÖÏ~å! <Õ#∞ g∞ JO^ŒiHÀã¨O
ѨOѨ|_ç# ^≥·= ã¨O^Õâ◊ǨÏ~°∞}˜‚—— (P~åÑ¶π – 158). ''ã¨=∞ã¨Î Ö’Hõ"åã¨∞ʼnõΩ
ÃÇÏK«ÛiOKÕ"åxQÍ LO_ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ D w@∞~å~Ú (k=º Y∞~üP<£)x `«# ^•ã¨∞xÃÑ·
J=`«iOѨ*Ëã≤#"å_»∞ ZO`À â◊√Éèí„Ѩ^Œ"≥∞ÿ#"å_»∞—— (JÖò Ѷ¨Ù~åö<£ – 1).
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞ (ã¨Jã¨O) "å~°∞ WÖÏ „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞ : ''Z=i
KÕuÖ’ <å „áê}O LO^À PÜ«∞# g∞^Œ „Ѩ=∂}O KÕã≤ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl#∞ – ##∞fl
qâ◊fiã≤OK«‰õΩO_® K«xáÈ~Ú# U Ü«¸^Œ∞_≥·<å, „ÔH·ã¨Î=Ù_»~Ú<å 㨈~ J`«#∞
#~°Hõ"åã≤ÜÕ∞—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O). PÜ«∞# (ã¨) WOHÍ WÖÏ K≥áêÊ~°∞: ''<Õ#∞
`≥Å¡"åiHÀã¨O, #Å¡"åiHÀã¨O – JO^ŒiHÀã¨O „Ѩ=HõÎQÍ Ñ¨OѨ|_®¤#∞.—— JO^Œ∞ˆH
224
13 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.16 JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =K«<åŠѨ@¡ Z=~°∞
u~°™ê¯~° "≥·Yix J=ÅOaOz<å 㨈~,
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ KåÖÏ `˘O^Œ~°QÍ<Õ "åi ÖˇHõ¯
`ÕÅ∞™êÎ_∞» .17
20 XHõ"Õà◊ JѨÊ\˜H© "å~°∞ h`À Q˘_»=
Ѩ_ç`Õ, ''<Õ#∂, <å J#∞K«~°∞Å∞ ^≥·=
q^èÕÜ«∞`«‰õΩ `«ÖXQÍæ=Ú—— Jx (F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥¿ÑÊ~Ú. ''=∞i g∞~°∞
‰õÄ_® ^≥·"å[˝‰õΩ `«ÅXQÆ∞æ`«∞<åfl~å?——
PÜ«∞# (ã¨) `«# ã¨=∞HÍb# ~åAʼnõΩ, K«„Hõ=~°∞ÅÎ ‰õΩ, ã¨~åÌ~∞° ʼnõΩ L`«~Î åÅ∞ „"åã¨∂Î
W™ê¡O#∞ ã‘fiHõiOK«=∞x HÀ~å~°∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÃÇ·Ï<£ : Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü P^è•~°OQÍ).
16. ''"åi Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° qÉèË^ŒO—— JO>Ë XˆH ^èŒ~å‡xfl J#∞ã¨iOKÕ"å~°∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl
qÉè^Ë •Åx ÉèÏ=O. L^• : Ü«¸^Œ∞Ö’¡x Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~° qÉè^Ë •Å∞, "å\˜ =¸ÅOQÍ U~°Ê_ç#
=~åæÅ∞. JÖψQ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÖ’¡x Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° qÉèË^•Å∞, "å\˜=¸ÅOQÍ "åiÖ’ U~°Ê_ç#
=~åæÅ∞. J^Õq^èŒOQÍ Ü«¸^Œ∞ʼnõΩ – „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙʼnõΩ =∞^茺QÆÅ qÉèË^•Å‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® D
PÜ«∞`«∞ =iÎã¨∞ÎOk. D qÉèË^•Å =¸ÅOQÍ<Õ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ#∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å#∞ ''g∞~°∞ Jã¨Å∞ U ^è~Œ ‡° OÃÑ<· å ÖË~∞° —— Jx Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O `«∂Å<å_»∞‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞.
JÖψQ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) ^≥=· ^Ò`åºxH˜, D™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ) ^≥=· ^Ò`åºxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
qÉèË^•Å∞ ‰õÄ_® WO^Œ∞Ö’H˜ =KÕÛ™êÎ~Ú. =∞i K«∂_»É’`Õ "åi D qÉèË^•Å‰õΩ,
Ѷ¨∞~°¬}ʼnõΩ U^≥·<å |Å"≥∞ÿ# P^è•~°O LO^• JO>Ë JÖÏO\˜^Õn ÖË^Œ∞. ˆH=ÅO
Jã¨∂Ü«∞, "≥·~°ÉèÏ=O =Å¡ D `«QÍ^•ÖÁKÕÛq. JO>Ë "å~°∞ ã¨`åºxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩx
‰õÄ_® „áêѨOzHõ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O, ‰õΩǨÏ<å „Ñ¨u+¨ªÅ HÀã¨O `«=∞ ÃÑ_»ã¨i
^èÀ~°}˜ÃÑ· áê`«∞‰õΩáÈ~Ú LO_Õ"å~°∞. Hõ_»∞ â’K«hÜ«∞"≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë <Õ\ ˜
=Úã≤¡O q^•fiOã¨∞ÅÖ’x XHõ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =~°æO W@∞=O\˜ ™êfi~°÷ѨÓi`« ÅH∆ͺŠHÀã¨"Õ∞
`«=∞ =∞O‰õΩ`«#OÃÑ· "≥ÚO_çQÍ xÅ|_ç LOk. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞#O^ŒiH© ã¨^Œ∞ƒkúx
„Ѩ™êkOK«∞QÍHõ!
17. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =K«<åŠѨ@¡ u~°™ê¯~°"≥·Yi JO>Ë ÉèÏ=O, W™ê¡O ^≥·=ã¨=∞‡`«"≥∞ÿ# ^èŒ~°‡O
Jx Kå\˜K¿≥ ÑÊ =K«<åÅ#∞ „`Àã≤ÑÙ¨ K«Û@O J#fl=∂@! WÖÏ „`Àã≤ÑÙ¨ KÕÛ"åi ã¨OQÆu
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞.
225
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
Jx „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÅ#∞, x~°H~∆õ åã¨∞ºÅ#∞18
J_»∞QÆ∞. XHõ"àÕ ◊ "åˆ~QÆ#Hõ XѨC‰õΩ#fl
@¡~Ú`Õ ã¨<å‡~°æ ÉèÏQƺO á⁄Ok#>Ë¡.
XHõ"Õà◊ "å~°∞ q=ÚY`«#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈¿ãÎ,
ã¨O^Õâßxfl JO^Œ*ËÜ«∞@O =~°ˆH h
ÉÏ^茺`«. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# ^•ã¨∞Å#∞
K«∂ã¨∂<Î Õ L<åfl_»∞.
21 Z=~°~Ú`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞
u~°ã¨¯iã¨∂Î, J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞
K«OѨÙ`«∂, „Ѩ[Ö’¡ <åºÜ«∞O QÆ∞iOz
P*Ï˝ÑO≤ KÕ"åix ‰õÄ_® `«∞^Œ=Ú\˜ãì ∞¨ Î
<åfl~À19 "åiH˜ (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) =º^è•
Éèíi`«"≥∞ÿ# tHõ∆ LO^Œ#fl â◊√Éèí"å~°Î#∞
qxÑ≤OK«∞.
22 "åi Hõ~°‡Å∞ WǨÏѨ~åÅÖ’ =$^è•
J~ÚáÈÜ«∂~Ú. "åix P^Œ∞‰õΩ<Õ
"åÔ~=~°∂ ÖË~∞° .
23 „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’x XHõ ÉèÏQÆO W=fi|_»QÍ,
`«=∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° =º=Ǩ~åÅ f~°∞Ê HÀã¨O
18. WHõ¯_» x~°Hõ∆~åã¨∞ºÅO>Ë Jˆ~aÜ«∂‰õΩ K≥Ok# |Ǩï^≥·"å~å^茉õΩÅ#fl=∂@.
„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖˇ·# Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ`À áÈÅ∞Û‰õΩO>Ë "å~°∞ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù JHõ∆~° *Ï˝#O
ÖËx"åˆ~.
19. Wk "åi `«Åa~°∞ã¨∞`«<åxH˜, L<å‡^•xH˜ Ѩ~åHÍ+¨ª J#fl=∂@! "å~°∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÅÎ <Õ
Q͉õΩO_® <åºÜ«∞O QÆ∞iOz =∂\Ï¡_"Õ åix ‰õÄ_® =^ŒeÃÑ\ìÖ^Ë ∞Œ . =∞Ozx QÆ∞iOz
„ѨɒkèOz, K≥_∞» #∞Oz P¿Ñ ÉÏ^躌 `«#∞ x~°fiiÎOKÕ ã¨`º« ã¨O^ÕâH◊ ~õ Åΰ #∞, z`«âÎ √◊ ^Œ∞Öú #·ˇ
qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ Ãã`· O« ǨÏ`«º KÕâß~°∞. D ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ QÆ=∞xOK«=Åã≤# XHõ =ÚYº"≥∞#ÿ
q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>ˆ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# „Ѩ=HõÎÅ`Àáê@∞ ã¨`«º^èŒ~°‡ L#fluÔH· áê@∞Ѩ_Õ,
=∞Ozx „ѨɒkèOKÕ, K≥_»∞Å#∞Oz "åiOKÕ ã¨[˚#∞Å QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ™êÎqOz "åi
™ê÷#O ZO`« L#fl`«"≥∞ÿO^À `≥eÜ«∞*Ëâß_»∞.
226
14 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
^≥=· „QÆO^äOŒ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ #‰õΩ ~°O_ç Jx Ñ≤ez
#ѨÊ\˜H© "åiÖ’x XHõ =~°æO =ÚYO
uѨC‰õΩx20 áÈ=\Ïxfl h=Ù K«∂_»Ö^Ë •?
24 "åi (D "≥·=ÚYº) ^èÀ~°}˜H˜
HÍ~°}O† ''#~°HÍyfl =∞=∞‡efl ÖˇH˜¯OK«
^Œy# H˘xfl ~ÀAÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞
HÍÅ∞Û`«∞Ok—— Jx "å~°∞ K≥ѨÊ@"Õ∞.
"åi D =∞<ÀHõeÊ`« q+¨Ü«∂ÖË ^èŒ~°‡O
q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ "åix "≥∂ã¨OÖ’ Ѩ_»
"Õâß~Ú.21
25 =∞i "Õ∞=Ú "åix ã¨=∂"Õâ◊Ѩ~°z#
~ÀA# "åi QÆ`ÕOHÍ#∞? Jk ~å=
@OÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜ ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ xH˜ `å=Ù ÖË^∞Œ .
JѨC_»∞ „Ѩu „áê}˜H© Jk ã¨OáêkOK«∞
‰õΩ#fl ^•x ѨÓiÎ „ѨuѶ¨ÅO W=fi|_»∞
`« ∞ Ok. Z=iH© ZÖÏO\˜ J<åºÜ« ∞ O
[~°Q^Æ ∞Œ .22
20. „QÆO^äŒO "˘ã¨QÆ|_ç# "å~°O>Ë ~ÚHõ¯_» Ü«¸^Œ∞Åx ÉèÏ=O. =∞n<åÖ’ x=ã≤OKÕ
Ü«¸^Œ∞Ö’¡x F ÃÑ^ŒÌ =~°æO W™ê¡O#∞ XѨCHÀÖË^Œ∞ ã¨iHõ^•, =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ, JOu=∞
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ‰õΩ„@Å∞ Ѩ#fl@OÖ’ x=∞QÆfl"≥∞ÿOk. "åi D
‰õΩÜ«Ú‰õΩÅÎ , qzÛù#flHõ~° HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ "åiÖ’x ~Ô O_»∞ `≥QÅÆ #∞ #QÆ~O°
#∞Oz |Ç≤Ï+¨¯iOK«@O`Àáê@∞, XHõ `≥QÆ#∞ `«∞^Œ=Ú\˜ìOK«=Åã≤ =zÛOk.
21. Wk Ü«¸^Œ∞Å q∞ug∞i# x~°¡Hõ∆º^èÀ~°}˜H˜ „Ѩ|Å `å~å¯}O. "å~°∞ ^≥·=„QÆO^ä•xfl
x~°¡Hõ∆ºO KÕã≤OkQÍHõ, Jã¨Å∞ #~°HÍyfl `«=∞#∞ `åHõ<Õ `åHõ^Œx, XHõ"Õà◊ `åH˜<å
H˘<åflà◊√¡ =∂„`«"Õ∞#x nè=∂#∞ =ºHõÎO KÕ¿ã"å~°∞. "åi D ã‘fiÜ«∞HõeÊ`« q+¨Ü«∂ÖË
~°∞A=∂~°æO Ѩ@¡ "åix "≥∂™êxH˜ QÆ∞iKÕâß~Ú.
22. „Ѩà◊Ü«∞k<å# "åi „ѨQÆÖσùÅ∞, =¸_è»#=∞‡HÍÅ∞ U=∂„`«O ѨxH˜~å=Ù. u~°∞QÆ∞ÖËx
<åºÜ«∂nèâ√◊ _»∞, f~°∞Êk#Ѩ٠ܫ∞[=∂x J~Ú# JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩu XHõ¯iH© "å~°∞ KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ#fl
Hõ~°‡efl |\˜ì ѨÓiÎ „ѨuѶ¨ÅO W™êÎ_»∞. Z=iH© ZÖÏO\˜ J<åºÜ«∞O [~°QÆ^Œ∞.
227
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
26 (F =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£) D q^èOŒ QÍ Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ:
''F JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ! qâ◊fi~å*ϺkèѨf! h=Ù
HÀi#"åiH˜ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O W™êÎ=Ù.
h=Ù HÀi# "åi#∞O_ç ~å*Ϻxfl ÖωõΩ¯O
\Ï=Ù. h=Ù HÀi# "åiH˜ Q“~°="≥Úã¨QÆ∞
`å=Ù. h=Ù HÀi# "åix Ѩ~åÉèí"åxH˜
QÆ∞iKÕ™êÎ=Ù. ã¨=∞ã¨Î "Õ∞à◊¥¡ h KÕuÖ’<Õ
L<åfl~Ú.23 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ h=Ù „Ѩu
=ã¨∞Î=ÙÃÑ·# JkèHÍ~°O HõÅ"å_»=Ù.
27 #∞"Õfi ~å„ux ѨQÆ\ ˜Ö’xH˜ „Ѩ"ÕtOѨ
*Ë™êÎ=Ù, ѨQÆ\˜x ~å„uÖ’xH˜ fã¨∞ÔHà◊
`å=Ù.24 #∞"Õfi xs˚="≥∞ÿ# "å\˜#∞Oz
r==Ú#fl "å\˜x fã¨∞<Î åfl=Ù, =∞i #∞"Õfi
23. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Jáê~°"∞≥ #ÿ â◊H™Î˜ ê=∞~å÷ºÅ∞ q=iOK«|_®¤~Ú. PÜ«∞#
`åx+¨ìѨ_ç# "åiH˜ W+¨ì"≥ÚzÛ#O`«QÍ J#∞„QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ_»∞. ~åA#∞ ¿Ñ^ŒQÍ =∂iÛ<å,
¿Ñ^Œ"å}˜‚ ~åAQÍ Ñ¨\Ïìa¿è +HõO KÕã<≤ å – Jk PÜ«∞#ˆH K≥Å∞¡`∞« Ok. P„QÆÇ¨ #∞„QÆÇ¨ Å∞
PÜ«∞#ˆH â’aè™êÎ~Ú. JkèHÍ~åÅxflO\˜H˜ Ü«∞[=∂x PÜ«∞<Õ. ''JÖò Mˇ~· ∞° aÜ«∞kHõ——
Jx J<Õ |^Œ∞Å∞ ''aÜ«∞kHõÖò Mˇ·~ü—— Jx ã¨=∂Kå~° Ѩ^•xfl =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#@O
„Ѩ`ÕºHÍ~å÷xfl ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk. JO>Ë "Õ∞à◊§hfl h KÕuÖ’<Õ L<åfl~Ú, h=Ù `«Ñ¨Ê
=∞~˘Hõ~Ô =~°∂ "Õ∞Å∞#∞ „Ѩ™êkOK«Ö~Ë ∞° Jx ^•x ÉèÏ=O. 'H©_∞» —#∞ ã¨$+≤Oì z#"å_»∞
‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞<Õ J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© ~ÚHõ¯_» ^•x „Ѩ™êÎ=# ÖË^Œ∞. ˆH=ÅO "Õ∞Å∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞
„Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =zÛOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "Õ∞Å∞ J#flk ˆH=ÅO ^≥·=Hõ$Ѩ =∂„`«"Õ∞. WHõ
H©_»∞ JO\Ï~å! Jk =∞x+≤ KÕã≤# ^Œ∞+¨¯~°‡Å‰õΩQÍ#∞ ÅaèOKÕ „ѨuѶ¨ÅO. =∞~À
q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë, =∂#=ÙxH˜ HõeˆQ H©_»∞ ‰õÄ_® qkè„"å`«Ö’ ~åÜ«∞|_ç L#fl^Õ!
=∞i JOu=∞OQÍ qkè„"å`« "≥Ú`«OÎ "Õ∞Å∞`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#flkQÍ<Õ ÉèÏqOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok.
D q^èŒOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨#∞Åhfl ‰õÄ_® "Õ∞àı§ J=Ù`å~Ú. |Ǩïâß JO^Œ∞ˆH<Õ"≥∂ D
PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ ˆH=ÅO "Õ∞à◊¡#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ „Ѩ™êÎqOK«@O [iyOk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
24. ~å„ux ѨQÆ\˜Ö’xH˜, ѨQÆÅ∞#∞ ~å„uÖ’xH© „Ѩ"ÕtOѨ*ˇÜ«∞º@O JO>Ë ÉèÏ=O
~°∞`«∞=ÙÅ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞. ~å„u ã¨∞n~°…OQÍ L#flѨC_»∞ ѨQÆÅ∞ z#flkQÍ LO@∞Ok.
~å„u z#flkQÍ L#flѨC_»∞ ѨQÅÆ ∞ á⁄_»=ÙQÍ LO@∞Ok. JO>Ë H˘xfl ã¨=∞Ü«∂ÅÖ’
228
15 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
r==Ú#fl "å\˜ #∞Oz xs˚="≥∞#ÿ "å\˜x
"≥eH˜fã¨∞Î<åfl=Ù.25 WOHÍ h=Ù HÀi#
"åiH˜ ÖˇHõ¯ÖË#O`« Láêkèx W™êÎ=Ù.——
28 qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ `«=∞ `À\˜ qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞
=^Œe Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞QÍ
KÕã¨∞HÀ~å^Œ∞.26 JÖÏ KÕ¿ã"å_»∞ U
ѨQÆÅ∞Ö’x XHõ ÉèÏQÆO ~å„uÖ’xH©, =∞iH˘xfl ã¨=∞Ü«∂ÅÖ’ ~å„uÖ’x XHõ ÉèÏQÆO
ѨQÆ\˜Ö’xH© =ã¨∞ÎOk. Ѩ~°º=™ê#OQÍ ˆ~~ÚO|=à◊√¡ `«~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂
LO\Ï~Ú. D `Õ_®Å∞ Pã≤Ü«∂ ÖÏO\˜ LëÈ‚„QÆ`« ÃÇÏK«∞ÛQÍ L#fl ^ÕâßÅÖ’ Hõ<åfl
S~Àáê=O\˜ j`«Å ^ÕâßÅÖ’ JkèHõOQÍ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.
25. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ: =ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨r="≥∞ÿ# =∞x+≤ #∞Oz (xs˚="≥∞ÿ#) ˆ~`«ã¨∞û "≥Å∞=_»∞
`«∞Ok. `«~åfi`« P xs˚="≥∞#ÿ ^•x (ˆ~`«ã∞¨ û) #∞OKÕ =∞m¡ =∞x+≤ ѨÙ@∞ìHõ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
J^Õq^èOŒ QÍ r=O ÖËx 'QÆ∞_»∞—¤ #∞Oz, =ÚO^Œ∞ HÀ_çÑÅ≤ ¡ =ã¨∞OÎ k. `«~åfi`« ã¨r="≥∞#ÿ
P HÀ_ç#∞OKÕ (r=OÖËx) QÆ∞_»∞¤ |Ü«∞\˜H˜ =ã¨∞OÎ k. JÖψQ Jqâßfiã≤ WO@ qâßfiã≤
ѨÙ@ì@O, qâßfiã≤ Hõ_»∞ѨÙ# Jqâßfiã≤ ѨÙ@ì@O ‰õÄ_® nx ÉèÏ=O HÍ=K«∞Û.
H˘xfl LÖË¡Y<åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O =ÚP*ò (~°l) ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ã¨xflkèH˜ =zÛ, `«#ÃÑ·
~°∞}ÉèÏ~°O LO^Œx q#flqOK«∞HÀQÍ D PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞ Ѩiãî ∂¨ Î LO_»=∞x, PÜ«∞`«∞#∞
ѨiîOz# Ñ≤^ŒÑ¨ D ^Œ∞P#∞ ‰õÄ_® KÕÜ«∞=∞x PÜ«∞# (ã¨Jã¨O) ã¨∂zOKå~°∞. P
^Œ∞P Wk : ~°Ç¨‡#^Œ∞Ì<£Ü«∂ =Öò Pd~°u = ~°Ç‘Ï=∞Ǩï=∂ `«∂f =∞<£`«ëê=Ù
q∞<£Ç¨ï=∂ = `«"£∞#=Ù =∞<£`«ëê=Ù W~üǨÏg∞fl ~°Ç¨Ï‡`«<£ `«∞Q∑hh aǨ J<£
~°Ç¨Ï‡u =∞<£ã≤"åHõ JÖϡǨï=∞‡ JQ∑xh q∞#Öò Ѷ¨„d =Mòl Jxfl^≥·Ì<£ – 'g∞ÃÑ·
LǨï^£ Ѩ~fi° `«=∞O`« ~°∞}ÉèÏ~°O L<åflã¨~ˆ g∞~°∞ ^•xfl fiÛ"Õ¿ã U~åÊ@∞#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
D ^Œ∞P ^•fi~å KÕ™êÎ_»—x "Õ~˘Hõ LÖË¡Y#O ^•fi~å `≥Å∞™ÈÎOk (=∞*ò=∞=Ù*ò
["å~Ú^£).
ÃÑ#· ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# ^Œ∞P‰õΩ J~°O÷ : F WǨÏѨ~Ö° ’HÍÅ Hõ~∞° }Ï=∞Ü«Ú_®! F WǨÏѨ~°
Ö’HÍÅ Hõ$áêjÅ∞_®! h=Ù HÀi#"åiH˜ h=Ù WǨÏѨ~åÖ’¡#∂ „Ѩ™êk™êÎ=Ù. h=Ù
`«ÅK«∞‰õΩ#fl"åiH˜ „Ѩ™êkOK«‰õΩO_® LO\Ï=Ù. („ѨÉèí∂!) h Hõ~°∞}Ѩ@¡ `«Ñ¨Ê
W`«~°∞ÅO^Œi Hõ~°∞} Ѩ\Ï¡ x~°¿ÑH∆ÍѨ~°∞}˜‚ JÜÕ∞ºÖÏ h=Ù ##∞fl Hõ~°∞}˜OK«∞. ##∞fl
¿Ñ^ŒiHõO #∞Oz ã≤÷u=∞O`«∞}˜‚ K≥~Úº. <å ~°∞}ÉèÏ~åxfl `˘ÅyOK«∞.
26. PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ 'BeÜ«∂— Jx J#|_çOk. Wk =b J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜ |Ǩï=K«#O.
229
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’#∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ`À ã¨O|O^èŒO
ÖËx"å_»∞. J~Ú`Õ U q^èŒOQÍ#~Ú<å
"åi H©_∞» #∞Oz ~°H}∆õ á⁄O^Õ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O`À
g∞~°∞ "≥∞ÿ„uHÀã¨O „Ѩܫ∞ufl¿ãÎ Jk "Õˆ~
q+¨Ü«∞O.27 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«#‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞
ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_=» Åã≤OkQÍ q∞=∞‡efl ÃÇÏK«Ûiã¨∞Î
<åfl_»∞. Hõ_‰» Ωõ (g∞~°∞) =∞~°eáÈ=Åã≤Ok
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌˆH.
29 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ѨC : ''g∞~°∞
g∞ QÆ∞O_≥Ö’¡x =∂@Å#∞ ^•z<å ÖËHõ
=ºHõΠѨ~°z<å – "å@xflO\˜h JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`≥Å∞ã¨∞ ‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅÖ’
L#fl=hfl PÜ«∞#‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
ã¨~åfihfl KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ ∞» .——
=∞#ã¨∂ÊùiÎQÍ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ, ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`« ã¨O|O^èŒO Hõey LO_Õ =ºH˜Îx '=b— Jx
JO\Ï~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ‰õÄ_® `«##∞ qâßfiã¨∞Å =bQÍ „ѨHõ\˜OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞ (JÖò
|Y~° – 257). ÉèÏ=O Uq∞@O>Ë qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O „ѨQÍ_è» ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞.
J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ "å~°∞ `«=∞ qâßfi㨠™È^Œ~°∞Å#∞ HÍ^Œx Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ P ™ê÷#O
W=fi@O ZO`«=∂„`«O ÉèÏ=ºO HÍ^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ J@∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõÄ,
W@∞ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® q~À^è∞Œ ÖË. =∞i J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ "åi`À ¿ãflǨxH˜ P™ê¯~°O
ZHõ¯_»∞On? JO^Œ∞Hˆ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ D JOâßxfl Y∞~üP<£Ö’ J<ÕHKõ À@¡ ZO`À ã¨Ê+¨Oì QÍ,
xiú+¨ìOQÍ K≥¿ÑÊâß_»∞. qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ PO`«~°Oy‰õΩÅ∞QÍ KÕã¨∞‰õΩx
#+¨ìáÈ~å^Œ#fl^Õ nx =ÚM’º^ÕÌâ◊O. HÍHõáÈ`Õ Jx"å~°º Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Ö’¡ "åi`À ã¨Okè
KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O, "≥∞ÿ„f ã¨O|O^è•Å#∞ U~°Ê~°K«∞HÀ=@O, "å}˜[º XѨÊO^•Å∞
KÕã∞¨ HÀ=@O, ÖÏ"å^ÕgÅ∞ [~°Ñ@¨ O ã¨=∞O[ã¨"∞Õ . JÖψQ =Úã≤O¡ ŠѨ@¡ "≥~· "° Y·≥ ix
J#∞ã¨iOK«‰õΩO_® LO_Õ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å Ü≥∞_»Å L^•~°OQÍ =º=ǨÏiOz, "Õ∞Å∞
KÕÜ«∞@O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"Õ∞. '=Ú=∞ÎÇ≤Ï<å— ã¨∂~åÖ’ nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# q=~åÅ∞
~å#∞<åfl~Ú. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë XHõi Ü≥∞_»Å LѨHÍ~°ÉèÏ=O`À "≥∞ÅQÆ@O, "åi`À
=º=Ǩ~åÅ∞ [~°Ñ¨@O "Õ~°∞, "åix PO`«~°Oy‰õΩÅ∞QÍ KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O "Õ~°∞.
27. Jqâßfiã¨∞Å UÅ∞|_çÖ’ L#fl =Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# P^Õâ◊O ~Úk. "≥∞ÿ„u
230
16 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
30 P ~ÀA „Ѩu =ºH©Î `å#∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl
ѨÙ}Ϻhfl, `å#∞ KÕã≤# áêáêhfl `«#
=ÚO^Œ∞ K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. `«#‰õÄ – `«#
áêáêxH© =∞^躌 ZO`À ^Œ∂~°O LO>Ë
ÉÏ=ÙO_Õ^Õ! Jx HÍOH˜∆™êÎ_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«# QÆ∞iOz q∞=∞‡efl ÃÇÏK«Ûiã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞.
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# ^•ã¨∞ŠѨ@¡ Jq∞`«"≥∞ÿ#
"å`«ûźO QÆÅ"å_»∞.
31 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ÑC¨ : ''g∞‰õΩ
x[OQÍ<Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨@¡ „¿Ñ=∞ LO>Ë
g∞~°∞ ##∞fl J#∞ã¨iOK«O_ç.28 (`«`«Êùe
`«OQÍ) JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ q∞=∞‡efl „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞.
g∞ áêáêÅ#∞ =∞xfl™êÎ_»∞.29 PÜ«∞#
Jq∞`«OQÍ Hõ∆q∞OKÕ"å_»∞, Jáê~°OQÍ
HõxHõiOKÕ"å_»∞.——
ÉèÏ=##∞ =ºHõÑÎ ~¨ K° @« O q<å =∂~åæO`«~O° ÖË#ѨÙ_»∞ "å~°∞ WÖÏ KÕÜ∞« @O qѨs`«O
JxÑ≤OK«∞HÀ^Œ∞.
28. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨@¡ `«=∞‰õΩ, `«=∞ Ѩ@¡ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ Z#ÖËx „¿Ñ=∞ LO^Œx XHõ "≥·Ñ¨Ù
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∂, =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® K≥ѨC‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞. =ÚYºOQÍ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞
Ǩτ[`ü D™ê =∞iÜ«Ú =∞~°º"£∞Å „¿Ñ=∞Ö’, ÉèHí ÖΘ ’ ZO`«QÍ Juâ◊~Úe¡ áÈÜ«∂~°O>Ë
"åix ^≥=· `«fiѨ٠™ê÷#OÖ’ „Ѩu+≤Oª Ѩ*âË ß~°∞. D q^èOŒ QÍ KÕ¿ãÎ `å=Ú ^≥=· „Ѩã#¨ fl`«#∞
|_»Ü∞« QÆÅ=∞x, PÜ«∞# ™êg∞ѨºO á⁄O^ŒQÅÆ =∞x "å~°∞ `«ÅáÈ¿ã"å~°∞. HÍx "å~°∞
_®OaHÍÅ∞ ѨeH˜#O`«=∂„`å# ÖËHõ ã¨fiÜ«∞OHõeÊ`« PKå~åÅ#∞ J#∞ã¨iOz#O`«
=∂„`å# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „¿Ñ=∞ ÅaèOK«^Œh, x[OQÍ<Õ "å~°∞ ^≥·=„¿Ñ=∞#∞ HÀ~°∞‰õΩ<Õ"åÔ~·`Õ
JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz, PÜ«∞# K«∂Ñ≤# q^è•<åxfl J#∞ã¨iO
KåÅx ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ „ѨHõ@# QÍqOK«|_çOk. D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«#Ѩ@¡
„¿Ñ=∞‰õΩ, „Ѩã¨#fl`«‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# XHõ 'w@∞~å~Ú—x x~å÷iOKå_»∞. P
'w@∞~å~Ú—ÃÑ· "Õ∞eq∞ Jx `Õe#"å~°∞ ™êѶ¨ÅºO á⁄Ok#>Ë¡ ÖˇHõ¯. ÖˉõΩO>Ë J`«x
„¿Ñ=∞ |∂@Hõ"≥∞ÿO^Œx J~°÷O. JÖÏO\˜ =ºH˜Î ÅHõ∆º™ê^èŒ#Ö’ qѶ¨Å∞_≥·#>Ë¡. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ
ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ WÖÏ „Ѩ=zOz L<åfl~°∞ : ''=∂`À ã¨O|O^èŒO ÖËx – JO>Ë "Õ∞=Ú
231
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
32 WOHÍ "åiH˜ K≥ѨC : ''g∞~°∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ, PÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõΉõΩ q^èÕÜ«ÚÖˇ·
LO_»O_ç.—— XHõ"Õà◊ "å~°∞ q=ÚY`«
K«∂Ñ≤`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ u~°™ê¯~°∞Å#∞ U =∂„`«O
W+¨Ñì _¨ _» ∞» .30
33 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Œ"£∞‰õÄ,
#∂ÇπωõÄ, W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO Ѩi"å~åxH©,
W„=∂<£ ã¨O`«uH© ã¨=∞ã¨Î Ö’Hõ"åã¨∞ÅÃÑ·
(„áê^è•#º`« WzÛ `«# ã¨O^Õâ◊O HÀã¨O)
Z#∞fl‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.31
K«∂Ñ≤# Ѩ^ŒúuH˜ aè#fl"≥∞ÿ#– suÖ’ Z=~°~Ú<å U^Œ<åfl PK«i¿ãÎ Jk „`Àã≤ѨÙK«Û
^Œy#k—— (|∞MÏi, =Úã≤¡O).
29. JO>Ë ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) q^è•<åxfl J#∞ã¨iOK«@O =Å¡ g∞ áêáêÅ∞ Hõ∆q∞OK«|_»@O
XHõ¯>Ë HÍ^Œ∞, g∞~°∞ ^≥·"åxH˜ „Ñ≤Ü«∞`«=ÚÅ∞QÍ ‰õÄ_® Y~å~°∞ KÕÜ«∞|_»`å~°∞. XHõ
=∞x+≤ ^≥·= ^Œ~åƒ~°∞Ö’ „Ñ≤Ü«∞`«=ÚxQÍ xÅ|_»@O JO>Ë ™ê=∂#º q+¨Ü«∞O
HÍ^Œ∞ – Jk ZO`À L#fl`«"≥∞ÿ# ™ê÷#O ã¨∞=∂!
30. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ =∞~À™êi ^≥·= q^èÕÜ«∞`«`Àáê@∞, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) q^èÕÜ«∞`« QÆ∞iOz
<˘H˜¯ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. Hõ#∞Hõ WHõ "≥∂Hõ∆O, ™êѶ¨ÅºO J<Õq ZHõ¯_»~Ú<å L<åflÜ«∞O>Ë
ˆH=ÅO =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åi ã¨∞#fl`ü J#∞ã¨~°}Ö’<Õ ##fl=∂@. PÜ«∞#
(ã¨) q^è•#OѨ@¡ "≥·=ÚYºO Hõ#|~°K«@O JO>Ë u~°™ê¯~°"≥·YiH˜ áêÅÊ_»@"Õ∞.
HÍQ͆ u~°™ê¯~°∞Å#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ZO`«=∂„`«O „¿Ñq∞OK«_»∞. "å~°∞ ^≥·=„¿Ñ=∞‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# Zxfl ™êH∆ͺÅ∞ ã¨=∞iÊOz<å, Zxfl HÀ`«Å∞ HÀã≤<å x~°~°÷Hõ"Õ∞
J=Ù`å~Ú. 'Ǩïl˚Ü«∞º`≥ ǨÏnãπ— (ǨÏnã¨∞Å∞ „áê=∂}˜Hõ"≥∞ÿ# P^è•~åÅ∞) J#fl
q+¨Ü∂« xfl „`Àã≤ÑÙ¨ KÕÛ"åiH˜, ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ q^èÜ
Õ ∞« `«Ñ@¨ ¡ "≥=· ÚYºO Hõ#|~°KÕ "åi~°∞=ÙiH©
D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ f„="≥∞ÿ# ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ LOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë D Ô~O_»∞ =~åæÅ"å~°∂
`«=∞^≥·# suÖ’ J=ÅOaã¨∞Î#fl ^èÀ~°}˜<Õ WHõ¯_» ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (^èŒ~°‡u~°™ê¯~°O)QÍ
ѨiQÆ}˜OK«@O [iyOk. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞#efl D LѨ„^Œ=O #∞Oz HÍáê_»∞QÍHõ!
31. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï=Úã¨ûÖÏO) ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÅÖ’ W^ŒÌ~°∞ W„=∂<£Å∞<åfl~°∞. "åiÖ’
XHõ~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ =¸™ê, Ǩ~°∂<£Å `«O„_ç. Ô~O_»="å~°∞ Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞ `«O„_ç. D
PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ „Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =zÛ# W„=∂<£ Ô~O_»="å~°∞. Y∞~üP<£ "åºMϺ`«Ö’¡
J`«ºkèHõ=∞Ok D Jaè„áêÜ«∞O`À UH©Éèíq™êÎ~°∞. D =OâßxH˜ Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞
232
17 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
34 "åiÖ’ H˘O^Œ~°∞ =∞iH˘O^Œi
ã¨O`å#O.32 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JO`å q<Õ"å_»∞,
Jhfl `≥eã≤#"å_»∞.
35 (P ã¨O^Œ~åƒùxfl *Ï˝Ñ¨HõO KÕ~Ú,)
W„=∂#∞ ÉèÏ~°º WÖÏ "Õ_»∞‰õΩ#flk : ''F
<å „Ñ¨Éèí∂! <å QÆ~°ƒùOÖ’ L#fl ^•xx h
¿ã=HÀã¨O JOH˜`«O KÕÜ«∂Åx33 "≥Ú‰õΩ¯
‰õΩ<åfl#∞. h=Ù <å `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# nxx ã‘fiHõ
iOK«∞. xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ h=Ù ã¨~°fiO q<Õ
"å_»=Ù, ã¨~fi° O `≥eã≤#"å_»=Ù.——
=∞iÜ«Ú P"≥∞ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_≥·# Ǩτ[`ü D™ê =¸ÅOQÍ Q˘Ñ¨Ê™ê÷#O ÅaèOzOk.
=∞~°º"£∞ `«e¡¿Ñ~°∞ 'ǨÏ<åfl a<≥Î á¶êY∂^£— Jx "åºMϺ`«Å∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯<åfl~°∞ (Y∞~°∞Îc,
Wɡfl Hõã~‘ )ü . D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ W„=∂<£ ã¨O`«u`Àáê@∞ =∞~À =¸_»∞ ‰õΩ@∞O
ÉÏÅ#∞ QÆ∞iOz ‰õÄ_® „Ѩ™êÎqOKå_»∞. PÜ«∂ HÍÖÏÖ’¡ PÜ«∞# "åiH˜ Q“~°"À#fl`«∞efl
"˘ã¨QÍ_»∞. "åiÖ’ XHõ~°∞: Ǩτ[`ü P^ŒO (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO). DÜ«∞xfl ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«#
ã¨fiǨϙêÎÅ`À KÕâß_»∞. PÜ«∞#Ö’ „áê}O áÈâß_»∞. ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ PÜ«∞# Z^Œ∞@
"≥∂HõiÖË¡O`« „âı+¨ª™ê÷#O "˘ã¨QÍ_»∞. qq^èŒ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ K≥¿ÑÊ *Ï˝#"≥Úã¨QÍ_»∞.
PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ã¨fi~°æOÖ’ x"åã¨O HõeÊOKå_»∞. P `«~°∞"å`« PÜ«∞xfl Éèí∂=∞O_»ÅOÃÑ·H˜
ѨOáê_»∞. JÖÏ Ñ¨OѨ@OÖ’ Jã¨OMϺHõ"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ~°=∂~å÷Å∞ ^•y L<åfl~Ú. Ô~O_»=
"å~°∞: Ǩτ[`ü #∂ÇπÏ. DÜ«∞# `«# *Ïu „Ѩ[Å HÀã¨O „Ѩ=HõQÎ Í KÕã≤ ѨOѨ|_®¤~∞° .
x[^≥·"åxfl =^Œe q„QÆǨ~å^èŒ# "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ\ ˜ì# `«# *Ïu [#∞Å#∞^ÕÌtOz PÜ«∞#
^èŒ~°‡É’^èŒ KÕâß~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ DÜ«∞#‰õΩ n~å…Ü«Ú+¨µ „Ѩ™êkOKå_»∞. DÜ«∞# `«#
*Ïu "åiÃÑ· `˘q∞‡k#fl~° â◊`åÉÏÌÅ áê@∞ Ѩi„â◊q∞OKå~°∞. HÍx QÆ∞ÃÑÊ_»∞ =∞Ok
`«Ñ¨Ê Z=~°∂ PÜ«∞# =∂@ q#ÖË^Œ∞. Z@ìˆHʼnõΩ PÜ«∞# ÉÏ^è•`«Ñ¨Î ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞O`À
KÕã≤# âßѨ<å~å÷Å =¸ÅOQÍ – qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "å~°∞ q∞#Ǩ – *Ïu [#∞ÅO`å
LÃÑÊ#Ö’ =ÚOz"ÕÜ∞« |_®¤~∞° . WHõ W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO ã¨O`«u : JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ DÜ«∞# ã¨O`«uÖ’
ZO`À=∞Okx „Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞QÍ xÜ«Ú‰õΩÎefl KÕâß_»∞. "åiÖ’ H˘O^ŒiH˜ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~åxfl
‰õÄ_® WKåÛ_»∞. Hõ_»‰õΩ Hõ@ìHõ_»Ñ¨\ ˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ J~Ú# =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) ‰õÄ_®
D Ѩ~°OѨ~°Ö’x"åˆ~. DÜ«∞# (ã¨) Ǩτ[`ü W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»QÆ∞ W™ê‡~¸Öò
(JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) =Oâ◊Ѩ~°OѨ~°Ö’ ѨÙ\Ïì~°∞.
32. ÖËHõ nx Ô~O_»= J~°÷O ^èŒ~°‡O q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ XHõiH˘Hõ~°∞ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩÅ∞ Jx.
233
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
36 `«~∞° "å`« P"≥∞ „Ѩãq¨ Oz#ѨC_»∞,
''„ѨÉèí∂! <å‰õΩ P_»Ñ≤Å¡ Hõey#^Õ!—— Jx
q#flqOK«∞‰õΩOk. P"≥∞ Hõ#fl ã¨O`å#O
U^À JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. =∞QÆ
Ñ≤Å¡"å_»∞ P_»Ñ≤Å¡ =O\˜"å_»∞ HÍ_»∞.34
''<Õ#∞ D áêѨ‰õΩ =∞~°º"£∞ Jx ¿Ñ~°∞
ÃÑ\Ïì#∞.35 <Õ#∞ D"≥∞#∂, D"≥∞
ã¨O`å<åxfl âßѨ„QÆã¨∞Î_≥·# Ã+·`å<£ ÉÏi
#∞Oz ~°Hõ∆} á⁄O^Œ\ÏxH˜ h‰õΩ JѨÊ
yã¨∞<Î åfl#∞——36 Jx J#flk.
33. '=ÚǨτ~°~°<£— (h ¿Ñ~°∞g∞^Œ =^ŒeÃÑ_»∞`«∞<åfl#∞) J<Õk =¸Å Ѩ^ŒO. JO>Ë h
P~å^èŒ<åÅÜ«∞ ¿ã=HÀã¨O JOH˜`«O KÕã¨∞Î<åfl#∞ Jx ^•x ÉèÏ=O.
34. D =∂@Ö’ H˘OK≥O x~åâ◊ LOk, `«##∞ =∞xflOz `«#∞ ã¨=∞iÊOK«∞‰õΩO@∞#fl
^•xx ã‘fiHõiOK«=∞<Õ q#flѨ=¸ LOk. '<Õ#∞ J#∞‰õΩ#fl ^•xH˜ aè#flOQÍ P_»Ñ≤Å¡
ѨÙ\˜ìO^Õ!— J#fl ÉÏ^èŒ =∞iÜ«Ú 'h „Ѩã¨#fl`« HÀã¨O XHõ ¿ã=‰õΩ}˜‚ ã¨=∞iÊOK«∞
HÀ"åÅ#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞, D ¿ã= =∞QÆ"å_≥·`Õ<Õ ÉÏQÍ KÕ™êÎ_»∞, WѨC_»∞ <Õ#∞ h‰õΩ UO
ã¨=∞iÊOK«QÆÅ<À h‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞, ^ŒÜ«∞KÕã≤ ^•<Õfl ã‘fiHõiOK«∞— J#fl q#flѨ=¸ P"≥∞
=∂@Ö’ `˘}H˜ã¨ÖÏ_»∞`«∞#flk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
35. ǨѶ≤*ò Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü D PÜ«∞`«∞ P^è•~°OQÍ, =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) "åi W`«~° ǨÏnã¨∞Å
P^è•~°OQÍ K≥¿ÑÊ^Õq∞@O>ˆ tâ◊√=Ù [x‡Oz# <å_Õ <å=∞Hõ~°}O KÕÜ«∂e. U_»=
~ÀA# ¿Ñ~°∞ ÃÑ\ÏìÅ#fl ǨÏnã¨∞#∞ PÜ«∞# |ÅÇ‘Ï#"≥∞ÿ#k ([~¸Ñ¶π)QÍ Y~å~°∞
KÕâß~°∞. J~Ú`Õ Ç¨Ѷ≤*ò Wɡfl Y~Úº"£∞ nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ǨÏnã¨∞ÅxflO\˜h
â’kèOz# `«~°∞"å`«, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ~ÀAQÍh, =¸_»= ~ÀAQÍh, U_»= ~ÀA# QÍh
<å=∞Hõ~°}O KÕÜ«∞=K«Û#fl Jaè„áêÜ«∂xH˜ =KåÛ~°∞. D q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ g@xflO\˜H©
"≥ã¨∞Å∞ÉÏ@∞ LOk (`˘ÇπÏѶ¨`«∞Öò =∞ø^Œ∂^£).
36. P"≥∞ "≥Ú~°#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÅH˜OKå_»∞. XHõ ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ Ç¨Ïnã¨∞Ö’ WÖÏ LOk: U
tâ◊√"≥<· å ã¨~ˆ [x‡Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ Ã+`· å<£ ^•xfl `å‰õΩ`å_»∞. ^•O`À tâ◊√=Ù U_»∞ã¨∞OÎ k.
J~Ú`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞~°º"£∞#∞, =∞~°º"£∞ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»QÆ∞ D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO)#∞ D
Ã+·`å<£ `åH˜_ç #∞O_ç ã¨∞~°H˜∆`«OQÍ LOKå_»∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs – H˜`å|∞`«ÎѶ‘û~ü†
=Úã≤¡O – H˜`å|∞Öò Ѷ¨*ÏÜ≥∞Öò).
234
18 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
37 JO`Õ! P"≥∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù P Ѩãá≤ êѨ#∞
L`«Î=∞suÖ’ ã‘fiHõiOz, J`«∞º`«Î=∞
suÖ’ P"≥∞#∞ áÈ+≤OKå_»∞. P"≥∞
ÉÏQÀQÆ∞Å∞ K«∂¿ã ÉÏ^躌 `«#∞ [HõiÜ«∂º‰õΩ
JѨÊyOKå_»∞.37 [HõiÜ«∂º P"≥∞
‰õΩ\©~åxH˜ "≥o§#ѨC_»ÖÏ¡, P"≥∞ =^ŒÌ
PǨ~° Ѩ^•~å÷Å∞ HõxÑ≤OKÕq.38
''=∞~°º"£∞! Wq h =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ ZHõ¯_ç #∞Oz
=KåÛ~Ú?—— Jx PÜ«∞# J_çy`Õ,
''JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =^ŒÌ #∞Oz—— Jx P"≥∞ K≥¿ÑÊk.
xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `å#∞ HÀi# "åiH˜
ÖˇHõ¯ÖË#O`«QÍ Láêkèx „Ѩ™êk™êÎ_»∞.
37. Ǩτ[`ü [HõiÜ«∂º (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞H˜ Ñ≤#`«O„_ç ‰õÄ_®. JnQÍHõ
PÜ«∞# P<å\˜ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ ‰õÄ_®. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ P"≥∞ HÀã¨O PÜ«∞#Hõ<åfl =∞Oz
ã¨O~°Hõ∆‰õΩÅ∞ WOÔH=~°∞ HÍQÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å~°∞? Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞ Éè∫uHõ J=ã¨~åÅ#∞
f~°Û@OÖ’#∂, P"≥∞‰õΩ q^•º|∞^Œ∞úÅ∞ <Õ~°Ê@OÖ’#∂, P"≥∞#∞ ã¨O™ê¯~°=uQÍ
fiÛk^ŒÌ@OÖ’#∂ Ǩτ[`ü [HõiÜ«∂º =∂„`«"Õ∞ `«y# =ºH˜Î.
38. =¸ÅOÖ’ q∞„ǨÉò, i*òMò J<Õ Ô~O_»∞ Ѩ^•Å∞ =KåÛ~Ú. q∞„ǨÉò JO>Ë ‰õΩ\©~°O
Jx J~°÷O. i*òMò (PǨ~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞) JO>Ë Ñ¨O_»∞¡ Ѷ¨ÖÏÅ∞ J#fl=∂@. P ã‘[<£Ö’
ÖËx ѨO_»∞¡ P"≥∞ =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ =KÕÛq. ZO_®HÍÅOÖ’ ~å=Åã≤# Ѷ֨ ÏÅ∞ j`åHÍÅOÖ’#∂,
j`åHÍÅOÖ’ ~å=Åã≤# ѨO_»∞¡ ZO_®HÍÅOÖ’#∂ ã¨=∞iÊOK«|_»@O qz„`«O,
qâı+¨O Hõ^Œ∂! Ǩτ[`ü [HõiÜ«∂ºQÍh, ÖËHõ PÜ«∞# ^•fi~å xÜ«∞q∞OK«|_ç# =∞~À
¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞QÍh "å\˜x `≥KÕÛ"å~°∞ HÍ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH Wq ZHõ¯_ç#∞Oz =KåÛ~Ú?
JO@∂ [HõiÜ«∂º Pâ◊Û~°ºO`À „ѨtflOKå~°∞. 'JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ #∞Oz— Jx =∞~°º"£∞
["åazÛOk. Wk Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞QÍi q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ [iy# =∞Ç≤Ï=∞ J<åe.
„ѨHõ$uH˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ ã¨OÉèíqOKÕ ^•xx '=∞Ç≤Ï=∞— ÖËHõ 'J^Œ∞ƒù`«O— Jx JO\Ï~°∞.
D =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞, J^Œ∞ƒù`åÅ∞ XHõ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ KÕ`∞« Å g∞^Œ∞QÍ [iy`Õ ^•xfl ''=¸l*Ï——
JO\Ï~°∞. J^Õ XHõ =b KÕ`« WÖÏO\˜q [iy`Õ ^•xx ''Hõ~å=∞`ü—— Jx JO\Ï~°∞.
Wq Ô~O_»∂ ã¨`«º|^Œú"≥∞ÿ#"Õ. HÍHõáÈ`Õ Jq ^≥·"å[˝`À, ^≥·=„Ѩ}ÏoHõ‰õΩ Hõ@∞ì|_ç
ã¨OÉèíq™êÎ~Ú. =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å#∞, ÖËHõ J^Œ∞ƒù`åÅ#∞ ZѨC_»O>Ë JѨC_»∞ K«∂Ñ≤OKÕ
235
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 11
Pre-f
38 JHõ¯_Õ [HõiÜ«∂º (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO) `«#
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù#∞ "Õ_»∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. ''F <å „Ñ¨Éèí∂!
h =^ŒÌ#∞O_ç <å‰õΩ =∞Oz ã¨O`å<åxfl
„Ѩ™êkOK«∞. xã¨ûO^ÕÇϨ OQÍ h=Ù "≥Ú~°#∞
PÅH˜OKÕ"å_»=Ù—— Jx J<åfl_»∞.
39 ‰õΩ\©~°OÖ’ xÅ|_ç #=∂A
KÕã∞¨ OÎ _»QÍ ^≥=· ^Œ∂`«Å∞ `«##∞ Ñ≤ez,
''JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ h‰õΩ Ü«∞Ǩº QÆ∞iOz# â◊√Éè"í å~°Î
Wã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞.39 J`«_∞» ^≥=· "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ^è$Œ =
Ѩ~°∞™êÎ_»∞.40 <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_Ò`å_»∞. P`«‡
x„QÆǨÏO HõÅ"å_»∞, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ, ã¨^Œfi~°Î
#∞Å HÀ=‰õΩ K≥Ok#"å_≥· LO\Ï_»∞——
Jx K≥áêÊ~°∞.
JkèHÍ~°O, â◊H˜Î „Ѩ=HõÎʼnõΩ =∞iÜ«Ú =bʼnõΩ LO_»^Œ∞. D =∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚʼnõΩ
^≥·=ã¨xflkèÖ’ qt+¨ª™ê÷#O LO^Œ#fl ^•xH˜ Wq `å~å¯}"Õ∞. J~Ú`Õ "å~°∞
qâ◊fi=º=ã¨÷Ö’ `å=Ú `«ÅzO^ŒÖÏ¡ KÕÜ«∞QÆeˆQ JkèHÍ~°O ‰õÄ_® Hõey L<åfl~°x
ÉèÏq¿ãÎ Jk á⁄~°ÉÏ@∞. 'a^£JfÅ∞— WHõ¯_Õ á⁄~°|_®¤~°∞. BeÜ«∂ʼnõΩ (^Õ=Ùx
„Ñ≤Ü«∞`«=∞ ^•ã¨∞ʼnõΩ) QÆÅ H˘xfl =∞Ç≤Ï=∞efl L^•Ç¨Ïiã¨∂Î D „Ѩ|∞^Œ∞úÅ∞
[#™ê=∂<åºxfl +≤~∞° ¯‰õΩ (JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `À áê@∞ =bÅ#∞ ã¨=∂#OQÍ ÉèÏqOKÕ áêáêxH˜),
JO^èŒ qâßfi™êʼnõΩ Ö’#∞ KÕã¨∞ÎO\Ï~°∞. nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# =∞ixfl q=~åÅ∞
"≥∂l*Ï`ü („Ѩ=HõÎÅ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞) ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# KÀ@ =™êÎ~Ú.
39. ã‘[<£Ö’ ~å=Åã≤# ѨO_»∞¡ J<£ã‘[<£Ö’ Hõ#|_Õã¨iH˜ Ǩτ[`ü [HõiÜ«∂ºÖ’ ‰õÄ_®
Pâ◊Å∞ zQÆ∞iOKå~Ú. XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù `å#∞ =Úã¨e"å_≥· LO_ç, =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù `«# ÉèÏ~°º
Q˘„_®Å∞ J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© PÜ«∞#Ö’ ^≥=· HÍ~°∞}ºO Ѩ@¡ Pâ◊ JO`«iOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ . =∞~°º"£∞‰õΩ
J^Œ∞ƒù`«"≥∞ÿ# suÖ’ ѨO_»∞¡ Ѷ¨ÖÏÅ#∞ „Ѩ™êkOz#@∞¡QÍ<Õ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«#‰õÄ XHõ
=∞Oz a_»¤x¿ãÎ ZO`« ÉÏ=ÙO_»∞! J#fl HÀiHõ ѨÙ\˜ìOk. JO^Œ∞ˆH ^≥·=ã¨xflkèÖ’
PÜ«∞# KÕ`«∞Å∞ J„Ѩܫ∞`«flOQÍ ÃÑ·H˜ ÖËKå~Ú. PÜ«∞# J^èŒ~åÅ #∞Oz "Õ_»∞HÀÅ∞
=K«<åÅ∞ "≥Å∞=_®¤~Ú. ^Õ=Ù_»∞ "å\˜x ^ŒÜ«∞`À P"≥∂kOKå_»∞.
40. ^≥·= "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ^èŒ$=Ѩ~°K«@=∞O>Ë ÉèÏ=O ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõΠǨτ[`ü D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO
– Uã¨∞„H©ã∞¨ )Î #∞ ^è$Œ gHõiOK«@O J#fl=∂@! JO>Ë Ü«∞ÇπÏÜ«∂, D™ê HõO>Ë ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å~°x
236
19 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
40 ^•xH˜ [HõiÜ«∂º WÖÏ q#flqOK«∞
‰õΩ<åfl_»∞ : ''„ѨÉèí∂! <Õ<Õ"≥∂ ѨO_»∞
=Úã¨e"å}˜.‚ <å ÉèÏ~°º U"≥∂ Q˘„_®Å∞.
JÖÏO@ѨC_»∞ <å‰õΩ H˘_»∞‰õΩ ZÖÏ
ѨÙ_»`å_»∞?—— ^•xH˜, ''JÖψQ [~°∞QÆ∞
`«∞Ok. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `å#∞ HÀi#k KÕ™êÎ_»∞——
Jx (^≥·=^Œ∂`«) ã¨=∂^è•#O WKåÛ_»∞.
41 ''<å „Ñ¨Éèí∂! nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
x^Œ~°≈#O U^Œ<åfl <å H˘~°‰õΩ x~°‚
~ÚOK«∞—— Jx J`«#∞ =∞#q KÕã¨∞
HÀQÍ, ''h H˘~°‰Ωõ x^Œ~≈° #O Uq∞@O>Ë,
=¸_»∞ ~ÀAÅ =~°‰õÄ #∞=Ùfi Ãã·QÆÅ∞
KÕÜ«∞@O `«Ñ¨Ê [#∞Å`À =∂\Ï¡_» ÖË=Ù.
#∞=Ùfi h „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù#∞ J`«ºkèHOõ QÍ ã¨‡iã¨∂Î
LO_»∞. L^ŒÜ∞« O, ™êÜ«∞O„`«O PÜ«∞#
Ѩq„`«`«#∞41 H˘xÜ«∂_»∞`«∂ LO_»∞——
Jx K≥áêÊ_»∞.
nx^•fi~å `≥Å∞ã¨∞Î#flk. "åi~°∞=Ù~°∂ XO_˘Hõi ^≥·=^Ò`åºxfl (#|∞=fi`ü#∞)
ã¨=∞i÷OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. =∞ixfl q=~åÅHÀã¨O =∞~°º"£∞ ã¨∂~å "åºMϺ#O K«^Œ=O_ç.
'ã¨~Úº^Œ<£— JO>Ë ã¨~åÌ~°∞, <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ Jx J~°÷O. 'ǨÏã¨∂~°<£— (P`«‡ x„QÆǨÏO
HõÅ"å_»∞) JO>Ë K≥_»∞Å ^Œi^•Ñ¨ÙʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® áÈx"å_»x J~°÷O. 'ǨÏã¨∂~°<£— J<Õ
Ѩ^•xfl '=∞ÇπÏã¨∂~ü— J#fl J~°O÷ Ö’ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë huÉÏǨϺ"≥∞#ÿ KÕ+Åì¨ #∞Oz ѨÓiÎQÍ
PѨ|_ç#"å_»#fl J~°÷O ‰õÄ_® =ã¨∞ÎOk. nx P^è•~°OQÍ H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞
'#ѨÙO㨉õΩ_»∞— Jx ÉèÏqOKå~°∞. HÍx D ÉèÏ=# ã¨Ô~·Ok HÍ^Œ∞. ÃÑ·QÍ W^˘Hõ
֒ѨO. WHõ¯_» D QÆ∞}Ïxfl ֒ѨOQÍ H͉õΩO_® Q˘Ñ¨Ê^Œ#OQÍ Jaè=i‚OK«@O
[iyO^Œ#fl ã¨OQÆux =∞~°∞=~å^Œ∞.
41. =$^•úѨºOÖ’ J^Œ∞ƒù`«"≥∞ÿ# suÖ’ ã¨O`å# â◊√Éèí"å~°Î qxÑ≤OK«|_Õã¨iH˜ PÜ«∞#Ö’
L`«∞ûHõ`« ÃÑiyOk. P "Õ∞~°‰õΩ U^Œ<åfl P#"åÅ∞ W=fi=∞x HÀ~å~åÜ«∞#. =¸_»∞
~ÀAÅ áê@∞ h <À@ =∂@~å^Œ∞. J^Õ P#"åÅ∞. J~Ú`Õ DÖ’QÍ h=٠֒֒ѨÖË
^≥=· <å=∂xfl gÖˇ#· O`« Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ ã¨‡iOKåe. L^ŒÜ∞« O ™êÜ«∞O„`«O ^Õ=Ùx Ѩq„`«`#« ∞
237
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
42 (P ã¨O^Œ~åƒùxfl ‰õÄ_® *Ï˝ÑH¨ Oõ KÕ~Ú.
=∞~°º"£∞#∞ L^ÕtÌ ºOz) ^≥=· ^Œ∂`«Å∞ WÖÏ
J<åfl~°∞ : ''F =∞~°º"£∞! JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ (`«# ¿ã=
H˘~°‰õΩ) x#∞fl Z#∞fl‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. x#∞fl
Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞~ú åeQÍ KÕâß_»∞. „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’x
=∞Ç≤Ïà◊ÅO^ŒiÃÑ· h‰õΩ „áê^è•#º`«#∞ Wã¨∂Î
h ZOÑ≤Hõ KÕâß_»∞.42
43 ''(Hõ#∞Hõ) F =∞~°º"£∞! #∞=Ùfi h
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù‰õΩ q^èÕÜ«∞`« K«∂ѨÙ. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ
ã¨*ÏÌ K≥~Úº (PÜ«∞# ™êxfl^茺OÖ’
"≥∂HõiÅ∞¡). '~°∞‰õÄ— KÕ¿ã "åi`À áê@∞
#∞=Ófi ~°∞‰õÄ K≥~Úº (q#„=∞`«`À PÜ«∞#
=ÚO^Œ∞ `«Å=OK«∞).——
H˘xÜ«∂_»∞`«∂ LO_®e. D q^èOŒ QÍ h=Ù h‰õΩ "˘ã¨Q|Æ _Õ J#∞„QÆÇ¨ xH˜ Hõ$`«[`˝ Å« ∞
`≥Å∞ѨىõΩ#fl@¡=Ù`«∞Ok Jx PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ã¨∂zOK«|_çOk. WO^Œ∞Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê QÆ∞}áê~îO°
LOk. ^Õ=Ù_»∞ g∞~°∞ HÀ~°∞‰õΩ#fl q^èŒOQÍ g∞‰õΩ „Ѩ™êkOz#ѨÙ_»∞ J^Õ suÖ’
^≥"· åxH˜ Hõ$`«[`˝ Å« ∞ ‰õÄ_® `≥Å∞ѨÙHÀ"åe. Hõ$`«[`˝ Å« ∞ ZO`« Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ `≥Å∞ѨىõΩO>Ë
JO`Õ JkèHõOQÍ ^≥·"å#∞„QÆǨÅ∞ „áêÑ≤ΙêÎ~Ú. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞, Jq =∞# áêe@
â◊√ÉèíHõ~°OQÍ ‰õÄ_® Ѩi}q∞™êÎ~Ú.
42. Ǩτ[`ü =∞~°º"£∞#∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ J`«∞º`«Î=∞ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊QÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕâß_»∞. JO>Ë P"≥∞ `«#
HÍÅOÖ’ QÆÅ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡ÔHÖÏ¡ Q˘Ñ¨Ê =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ Jx ÉèÏ=O. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ç¨Ï„[`ü
=∞~°º"£∞`Àáê@∞ Ǩτ[`ü Yn*Ï (~°.J<£Ç¨)‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® D Q“~°=ѨÙ~°™ê¯~°O
ÅaèOz#@∞¡ ǨÏnã¨∞Å ^•fi~å ~°∂_èô J=Ù`ÀOk. Ǩτ[`ü Yn*Ï #∞^ÕÌtOz 'Mˇ·~°∞x
™ê~ÚǨ— – =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ÅO^ŒiÖ’H© L`«Î=Ú~åÅ∞ – Jx ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ LOk. =∞iH˘xfl
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’¡ #Å∞QÆ∞~°∞ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å#∞ ã¨OѨÓ~°∞‚Å∞QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#@O [iyOk. "å~°∞ :
=∞~°º"£∞, Pã≤Ü«∂ (Ѷ≤~“<£ ÉèÏ~°º), Yn*Ï, P~Úëê (~°l). 'ã¨s^£— =O@HÍxH˜
W`«~° =O@HÍÅxflO\˜ÃÑ· ZÖÏ „áê^è•#º`« LO^À JÖψQ Ǩτ[`ü P~Úëê
(~°.J<£Ç¨)‰õΩ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ÅO^ŒiÃÑ· „âı+¨ª`« LOk Jx ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk (Wɡfl
Hõã~‘ )ü . ui‡rÖ’x LÖËY¡ #OÖ’ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£(ã¨) ѨلuHõ J~Ú# á¶êu=∂(~°.J<£Ç¨ )‰õΩ
‰õÄ_® J`«∞º`«Î=∞„âı}˜ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å ã¨~°ã¨# ™ê÷#O W=fi|_çOk (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
238
20 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
44 Wq JQÀK«~° q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’xq. (F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "å\˜x h‰õΩ =Ç‘Ï ^•fi~å
`≥eÜ«∞*Ëã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú. =∞~°º"£∞‰õΩ
áÈ+¨‰õΩÅ∞QÍ Z=~°∞O_®e? J#fl
q+¨Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ "å~°∞ `«=∞ HõÅ=ÚÅ∞
qã¨i#ѨC_»∞ h=Ù JHõ¯_» ÖË=Ù. (D
=º=Ǩ~°OÃÑ·) "å~°∞ Q˘_»=Ѩ_ç#ѨC_»∞
‰õÄ_® h=Ù JHõ¯_» ÖË=Ù.43
45 ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ ''F =∞~°º"£∞! JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
h‰õΩ `«# "å‰õΩ¯‰õΩ44 ã¨O|OkèOz#
D LÖË¡Y<åÅxflO\˜h ‰õÄ~°ÛQÍ qk`«=∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë ~ÚHõ¯_» „Ѩ™êÎqOK«|_ç#
=∞Ç≤ÏàÏ=∞}∞ÅO^ŒiH© JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „ã‘Î *ÏuÃÑ· „áê^è•#º`«#∞ ~ÚKåÛ_»∞. ÖËHõ g~°∞ `«=∞
`«=∞ HÍÖÏʼnõΩ K≥Ok# =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å~°∞QÍ L<åfl~°∞. "åã¨=Î O ^≥"· åxˆH Z~°∞Hõ.
43. a^£JfÅ∞ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) Ѩ@¡ „¿Ñ=∂uâ◊Ü«∞O`À K≥¿ÑÊ =∂Ü«∞=∂@ʼnõΩ
D "åHõºO K≥OѨÃÑ@∞ì =O\˜k. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)‰õΩ JQÀK«~° *Ï˝#O LO^Œh,
PÜ«∞# (ã¨) JxflKÀ\Ï¡ Jxfl ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ LO\Ï~°x a^£JfÅ∞ JO@∞O\Ï~°∞.
XHõ"Õà◊ "å~°#fl@∞¡ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) x[OQÍ JQÀK«~°*Ï˝x J~Ú=ÙO>Ë PÜ«∞xfl
(ã¨) L^ÕtÌ Oz ^Õ=Ù_»∞ WÖÏ Jx LO_Õ"å_»∞ HÍ_»∞. (''Wq JQÀK«~° q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’xq.
"å\˜x "Õ∞=Ú h‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú——) JÖψQ 'h=Ù P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ JHõ¯_»
ÖË=Ù— Jx J#\Ïxfl|\˜ì „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)QÍ~°∞ JxflKÀ\Ï¡ Ǩ[Ô~· LO\Ï~°#flk ‰õÄ_®
x[O HÍ^Œx `ÕeáÈ~ÚOk.
HõÅ=ÚÅ∞ qã¨~=° Åã≤# J=ã¨~O° ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ U~°Ê_çO^ŒO>Ë, J<ÕH=õ ∞Ok =∞~°º"£∞‰õΩ
ã¨O~°H‰∆õ Ωõ Å∞QÍ LO\Ï=∞x =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =KåÛ~°∞. D q+¨Ü∞« O `ÕÅÛ\ÏxH˜ x~åfiǨωõΩÅ∞
p\©Å∞ "Õã≤ ¿Ñ~°∞ x~åúiOKÕ Ñ¨^ŒúuÖ’ HõÅ=ÚÅ∞ qã≤~å~°#fl=∂@. D q=~åÅhfl
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ÃÑ· J=`«iOK«@O ‰õÄ_® XHõq^èŒOQÍ PÜ«∞# (ã¨) ^≥·=^Ò`åºxfl
ã¨`«º=∞x x~å÷iOKÕ XHõ „Ѩ=∂} xHõ+¨"Õ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ^≥·="å}˜ (=Ç‘Ï) „Ѩ=HõÎ
g∞^Õ J=`«iã¨∞ÎOk, W`«~°∞Å g∞^Œ J=`«iOK«^Œ∞. =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) "åi „Ѩ=HÍÎ
Ѩ^ŒqÃÑ· J#∞=∂<åxH˜ QÆ∞Ô~· L#fl Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙʼnõΩ Wk n>ˇÿ# ["å|∞.
44. '^≥=· "å‰õΩ¯— (Hõe=∞`«∞ÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ) Jx Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO) #∞^ÕtÌ Oz JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
J#@OÖ’x „Ѩ^è•# L^ÕÌâ◊O PÜ«∞# ѨÙ@∞ìHõ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `«~°Ç¨Ö’ [iyOk. ™ê^è•~°}
239
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
â◊√Éèí"å~°Î#∞ qxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. J`«x ¿Ñ~°∞
=∞ã‘ÇπÏ D™ê a<£ =∞~üÜ«∞"£∞.45 J`«_»∞
WǨÏѨ~åÅÖ’ Q“~°=hÜ«Ú_»=Ù`å_»∞.
J`«#∞ (JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ) ™êg∞ѨºO á⁄Ok#
"åiÖ’ XHõ_»∞.
=∂#= ã¨∂„`åxH˜ aè#flOQÍ – `«O„_ç ÖˉΩõ O_®<Õ – ^≥"· å[˝`À PÜ«∞# ѨÙ\˜Oì K«|_®¤~∞° .
'J~ÚáÈ— J#fl ^Õ=Ùx "å‰õΩ¯ÃÑ· PÜ«∞# ã¨$+≤ì [iyOk. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« Ǩτ[`ü D™ê
'Hõe=∞`«∞ÖÏ¡ÇπÏ— (^≥·"å[˝ ÖËHõ ^≥·="å‰õΩ¯) QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_®¤~°∞.
45. 'D™ê a<£ =∞~üÜ«∞"£∞— JO>Ë =∞~°º"£∞ ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_≥·# D™ê Jx J~°÷O† =∞ã‘ÇπÏ :
Wk '=∞ãπǨï<£— #∞Oz =zÛ# Ѩ^ŒO. J~°cÖ’ '=∞ã¨Ç¨ÏÖò J~ü[— JO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë
J`«#∞ Éè∞í qÖ’ ã¨OK«iOKå_»x ^•xH˜ J~°O÷ . ^•x „ѨHÍ~°O '=∞ã‘ÇÏπ — J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜
J`«ºkèHõOQÍ ã¨OK«iOKÕ"å_»x J~°÷O =ã¨∞ÎOk. '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜ KÕ`ÀÎ
ã¨Êi≈OKÕ"å_»x ‰õÄ_® XHõ J~°O÷ =ã¨∞OÎ k. D™ê „Ѩ=HõÎ ^≥"· å^ÕâO◊ `À ~ÀQÆ„QÆã∞¨ ÅÎ #∞
KÕ`ÀÎ ã¨Êi≈Oz #Ü«∞O KÕ¿ã"å~°=@OKÕ`« PÜ«∞#‰õΩ P ¿Ñ~°∞ =zÛOk. =∞ã‘ÇπÏ
J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO 'Ѷ¨~¸Öò— J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜ ã¨O`«∞Å# Ѩ^ŒO. J~°cÖ’ 'Ѷ¨~¸Öò—‰õΩ
ã¨O`«∞Å#OQÍ =KÕÛ Ñ¨^•Å‰õΩ Hõ~ΰ =∞iÜ«Ú Hõ~‡° }˜–~Ô O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ J~å÷Å∂ =™êÎ~Ú.
^•x „ѨHÍ~°O '=∞ã‘ÇÏπ —‰õΩ ÃÑ#· K≥Ñʨ |_ç# ~Ô O_»∞ J~å÷Å∞ Hõ~åÎÉÏè "åxfl ã¨∂zã¨∞<Î åfl~Ú.
Wk WÖÏ LO_»QÍ „Ѩà◊Ü«∂xH˜ =ÚO^Œ∞ ѨÙ_»`å_»x K≥ѨC‰õΩ<Õ LѨ„^Œ"儈Qã¨~°∞}˜‚
(^Œ*Ï˚Öò#∞) ‰õÄ_® '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— J<Õ Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. =∞i D '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— Hõ~åÎѨ^Œ=∂ ÖËHõ
Hõ~‡° }˜ Ѩ^=Œ ∂? J#fl ã¨O^ÕÇϨ O D ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ^•xH˜ ã¨=∂^è•#O
Uq∞@O>Ë Jk Hõ~åÎѨ^Œ=¸ HÍ=K«∞Û, Hõ~°‡}˜ Ѩ^Œ=¸ HÍ=K«∞Û. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
'=∞ãπǨï<£—‰õΩ K≥iÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞@O J<Õ WOHÀ J~°÷O ‰õÄ_® LOk. ^Œ*Ï˚Öò‰õΩ XHõ Hõ#∞fl
=∂„`«"Õ∞ LO@∞Ok. =∞~ÀHõ#∞fl K≥i¿Ñã≤#@∞ìQÍ LO@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞Hõx J`«}˜‚
'=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— (K≥iÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞|_ç#"å_»∞) Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. D q^èŒOQÍ K«∂¿ãÎ '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ—
J#fl Ѩ^OŒ Hõ~‡° }˜ Ѩ^OŒ J=Ù`«∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ ^Œ*Ï˚Öò ‰õÄ_® „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ qѨs`«OQÍ
ã¨OKå~°O KÕ™êÎ_h» , =∞Hͯ =∞n<åÅ∞ `«Ñʨ „Ѩu KÀ@∞H© KÕ~∞° ‰õΩO\Ï_»x ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’¡
K≥ѨÊ|_çOk (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡O). JO^Œ∞Hõx J`«xfl '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°x
=∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok K≥|∞`å~°∞. ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ Y∞~üP<£ "åºMϺ`«Å∞ `«=∞ „QÆO^ä•Ö’¡
W^Õ =∂@ ~åâß~°∞. nx „ѨHÍ~°O '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— J#flk Hõ~åÎѨ^ŒO J=Ù`«∞Ok.
WOH˘O`«=∞Ok âß„ã¨Î"Õ`«ÎÅ∞ U=∞O\Ï~°O>Ë Ü«¸^Œ∞Å, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙŠѨiÉèÏ+¨Ö’
^Õ=Ùx KÕ`« xÜ«∞q∞OK«|_ç# Q˘Ñ¨Ê „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. JO>Ë "åi
240
21 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
46 ''J`«_»∞ LÜ«∂ºÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∂,
ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_≥#· ѨC_»∂#∞46 „Ѩ[Å`À =∂\Ï¡_»
`å_»∞. WOHÍ J`«_»∞ ã¨^Œfi~°Î#∞ÅÖ’x
"å_≥· LO\Ï_»∞—— Jx J#flѨC_»∞†
ѨiÉèÏ+¨Ö’ =∞ã‘ÇπÏ J<Õk XHõ ^Œ$_è»z`«∞Î_≥·# „Ѩ=HõΉõΩ Ѩ~åºÜ«∞Ѩ^ŒO J#fl=∂@!
XHõ Q˘Ñ¨Ê qѨ"¡ åxH˜ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»Ü∞Õ º „Ѩ=HõÎ „ѨÉqíè OK«#∞<åfl_»x Ü«¸^Œ∞ʼnõΩ â◊√Éè"í å~°Î
W=fi|_çOk. ^•xfl "å~°∞ `«Ñ¨CQÍ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞H˘x P =∞ã‘ÇπÏ (qѨ¡"åxH˜
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»ÜÕ∞º „Ѩ=HõÎ ) HÀã¨O WѨÊ\˜H© xsH˜∆ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Pã¨H˜ÎHõ~°"≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∞O
Uq∞@O>Ë „Ѩà◊Ü«∂xH˜ =ÚO^Œ∞ ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ LѨ„^Œ"儈Qã¨~°∞_»∞ (^Œ*Ï˚Öò), Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞
Z^Œ∞~°∞K«∂ã¨∞Î#fl '=∞ã‘ÇπÏ— `«<Õ#x „ѨHõ\˜OK«∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH J`«xfl =∞ã‘ÇπÏ
^Œ*Ï˚Öò Jx Ñ≤Å∞=@O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx "åºMϺ`«Å∞ q=i™êÎ~°∞. x*ÏxH˜ J`«#∞
K≥¿ÑÊ „Ѩu=∂@, Kտ㠄Ѩu Ѩx ^ŒQÍ, "≥∂™êÅ`À ‰õÄ_»∞H˘x LO@∞Ok. „ѨѨOK«
K«i„`«Ö’ Z=~°∂ Hõxqx Z~°∞QÆ#@∞=O\˜, =∞Ǩ ^ŒQÍHÀ~°∞`«<åxH˜ J`«#∞ áêÅÊ_»
`å_»∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH J`«xfl '^Œ*Ï˚Öò— J<åfl~°∞ =∞i! ^Œ*Ï˚Öò JO>Ë LѨ„^Œ"儈Qã¨~°∞_»∞,
=∞Ǩ "≥∂ã¨QÍ_»∞ Jx J~°÷O.
WHõáÈ`Õ 'D™ê— J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ : H˘O`«=∞Ok nxfl J~°ÉƒË `«~° Ѩ^OŒ QÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕÜ∞« QÍ,
=∞iH˘O^Œ~∞° Wk J~°c Ѩ^"Œ ∞Õ #h, nxH˜ <åÜ«∞Hõ`fi« O =Ç≤ÏOKÕ"å_»∞ Jx J~°=÷ ∞x
K≥áêÊ~°∞ (Y∞~°∞Îc, Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
46. Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î) LÜ«∂ºÅÖ’ LO_»QÍ<Õ ã¨OÉèÏ+≤Oz# q+¨Ü«∞O =∞~°º"£∞
ã¨∂~åÖ’ LOk. WkQÍHõ ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ Ç¨Ïnã¨∞Ö’ W^ŒÌ~°∞ ÉÏÅ∞~° „Ѩ™êÎ=# =zÛOk.
"åiÖ’ XHõ~°∞ AÔ~·*ò, =∞~˘Hõ~°∞ W„™ê~¸Öò =Oâ◊ã¨∞÷~åÖˇ·# XHõ „ã‘ÎH˜ K≥Ok#
Ñ≤Å¡"å_»∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs– H˜`å|∞Öò JOaÜ«∂, J^蕺ܫ∞O : =*ò‰õΩ~ü Ѷ≤Öò
H˜`åa =∞~°º"£∞). D LÖËY¡ #OÖ’ „Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =zÛ# =ÚQÆ∞~æ ∞° ÉÏÅ∞~°∞ W„™ê~¸Öò
ã¨O`«uH˜ K≥Ok#"åà◊√§. WkQ͉õΩO_® ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡OÖ’ 'HõO^ŒHÍÅ"åà◊§— QÍ^èŒÖ’
‰õÄ_® áêÅ∞ „`åˆQ Ѩã≤"å_»∞ =∂\Ï¡_ç#@∞¡ LOk. Ü«¸ã¨∞Ѷπ „Ѩ=HõÎ QÆ∞iOz
™êH∆ͺ^è•~åÅ`À f~°∞Ê KÕã≤#k Ѩã≤Ñ≤Å¡"å_»∞ Jx „ѨKå~°OÖ’ L#fl=∂@ "åã¨Î=O
HÍ^Œ∞. Jã¨Å∞ P =ºH˜Î QÆ_»¤O QÆÅ"å_»∞ (E eÇπÏÜ«∞ÇπÏ). nx^•fi~å J`«#∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ
=∞x+≤ Jx `≥Å∞ã¨∞Î#flk (J[˚~Úá¶ê „QÆO^äŒO, 881= ¿Ñr).
D "åHõºOÖ’ 'HõÇπÏÅ∞<£— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO =zÛOk. HõÇπÏÅ∞<£ JO>Ë #_ç =Ü«∞ã¨∞û Jx
J~°÷O. ÃÑ^ŒÌ"å_≥·# `«~åfi`« #_ç=Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’ ã¨OÉèÏ+≤™êÎ_»#fl =∂@‰õΩ J~°÷O Uq∞\˜?
241
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
47 P"≥∞, ''<å „Ñ¨Éèí∂! <å‰õΩ Ñ≤Å¡"å_»∞
ZÖÏ Ñ¨Ù_®Î_∞» ? ##∞fl U =∞x+‘ `åHõÖ^Ë !Õ ——
Jx J#flk. ''JÖψQ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `å#∞ HÀi#k ѨÙ\™ì˜ êÎ_∞» . PÜ«∞#
U^≥·<å Ѩxx KÕÜ«∞ ã¨OHõeÊOK«∞‰õΩx
'J~ÚáÈ— Jx JO>Ë KåÅ∞, Jk 'J~Ú
áÈ`«∞Ok—47 Jx (^≥·=^Œ∂`« ^•fi~å)
ã¨=∂^è•#O ÅaèOzOk.
48 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ J`«xH˜ JHõ∆~°*Ï˝<åxfl,48
q"ÕHÍxfl, `Ò~å`«∞, Wh˚Å∞ „QÆO^ä•Å
*Ï˝<åhfl <Õ~°∞Ê`å_»∞ (Jx ‰õÄ_® ^≥·=
^Œ∂`«Å∞ `≥eáê~°∞).
JO>Ë PÜ«∞# ÃÑ^ŒÌ"å_≥·, ^≥·=ã¨O^Õâßxfl JO^Œ∞‰õΩx ã¨O㨯~°}Ï HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xH˜
LѨ„Hõq∞Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ [#∞Å#∞^ÕÌtºOz ã¨OÉèÏ+≤™êÎ_»x nx ÉèÏ=O Jx H˘O`«=∞Ok
q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞. Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) „Ѩà◊Ü«∞O
ã¨g∞Ñ≤Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ kq #∞Oz Éè∞í qH˜ ky=zÛ KÕ¿ã W™ê¡O „ѨKå~°"∞Õ 'D ã¨OÉèÏ+¨}—
Jx WOH˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞ qâ◊nHõiOKå~°∞. „Ѩà◊Ü«∞ ã¨g∞Ѩ HÍÅOÖ’ D™ê
„Ѩ=HõÎ PHÍâ◊O #∞Oz ky=™êÎ~x° =∞# JÃÇÏ¡ã∞¨ #fl`ü "åi qâßfiã¨O. „áê=∂}˜H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ
=Ú`«"åu~ü ǨÏnã¨∞Å ^•fi~å D q+¨Ü«∞O x~°∂Ñ≤`«"≥∞ÿ LOk (`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü,
Y∞~°∞Îc).
47. Ñ≤Å¡"å_»∞ ѨÙ_»`å_»#fl "å~°Î x#∞fl Pâ◊Û~°ºOÖ’ =ÚOK≥uÎ LO_»=K«∞Û. HÍx ^Õ=Ùx
â◊H˜Î ™ê=∞~å÷ºÅ =ÚO^Œ∞ W^Õg∞ Hõ+¨ìHÍ~°ºO HÍ^Œ∞. Éè∫uHõ „áêHõ$uHõ q^è•<åxH˜
q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞# U^≥·<å KÕÜ«∞QÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å_»∞. 'J~ÚáÈ— J#fl XHõ¯=∂@`À
`å#∞ `«ÅzO^ŒÖÏ¡ KÕ™êÎ_»∞.
48. WHõ¯_» J~°cÖ’ 'H˜`åÉò— Jx =zÛOk. H˜`åÉò J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO ~ÚHõ¯_» '„"å`«— J#fl
J~°÷OÖ’ fã¨∞HÀ|_çOk. ÖË^• `Ò~å`ü, Wh˚Å∞ „QÆO^ä•Å`À áê@∞ =∞ˆ~^≥·<å „QÆO^äŒ
*Ï˝#O ^Õ=Ù_»∞ PÜ«∞#‰õΩ "˘ã¨QÍ_»x ^•x ÉèÏ=O HÍ=K«∞Û (Y∞~°∞Îc). ÖËHõ `Ò~å`ü,
WOrÖò Ѩ^•Å∞ =¸ÅOÖ’ =zÛ# JÖò H˜`åÉò, JÖò Ç≤ÏHõ‡`ü J<Õ Ñ¨^•Å‰õΩ `å`«Ê~°ºO
HÍ=K«∞Û.
242
22 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
49 WOHÍ J`«#∞ W„™ê~¸Å∞ =Oj
Ü«ÚÅ "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ „Ѩ=HõÎQÍ Ñ¨OѨ|_»`å_»∞.
("åi#∞^ÕtÌ ºOz PÜ«∞# WÖÏ JO\Ï_»∞)
''<Õ#∞ g∞ =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ g∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù ^ŒQiæÆ #∞Oz
ã¨∂K«##∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ=KåÛ#∞. <Õ#∞ g∞
HÀã¨O ѨH˜∆ PHÍ~°O L#fl XHõ =∞\˜ì
ÉÁ=∞‡#∞49 `«Ü∂« ~°∞KÕã≤ JO^Œ∞Ö’ T^Œ∞
`å#∞. Jk ^≥·"å[˝`À ѨH˜∆ J=Ù`«∞Ok.
WOHÍ <Õ#∞ ^≥"· å[˝`À ѨÙ@∞ì„QÆ∞_çx¤ , ‰õΩ+¨µª
~Àyx ÉÏQÆ∞KÕ™êÎ#∞. =∞$`«∞Å#∞
„|uH˜™êÎ#∞.50 g∞~°∞ u<Õ"å\˜h, g∞~°∞
g∞ WO_»¡Ö’ xÅ∞=KÕã≤ LOz# "å\˜x
QÆ∞iOz (‰õÄ_®) K≥|∞`å#∞. g∞ˆ~ QÆ#Hõ
qâ◊fiã≤OKÕ"åÔ~·`Õ WO^Œ∞Ö’ g∞ H˘~°‰õΩ
Q˘Ñ¨Ê ã¨∂K«# LOk.——
49. 'JMòÅ∞Y∞ ʼnõΩ"£∞— (<Õ#∞ g∞ H˘~°‰õΩ ã¨$+≤ì™êÎ#∞) – WO^Œ∞Ö’ JMòÅ∞Y∞ J#fl
Ѩ^ŒO ã¨$+≤ì™êÎ#∞ J#fl ÉèÏ=OÖ’ K≥ѨÊ|_»ÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ã¨$+≤ìOKÕ"å_»∞ ˆH=ÅO
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∂„`«"Õ∞. JO^Œ∞Ö’ ã¨O^ÕǨxH˜ P™ê¯~°"Õ∞ ÖË^Œ∞. WHõ¯_» D Ѩ^ŒO
'Lã¨qfi~°∞—, JO>Ë ÉÏǨϺ~°∂áêxfl =∞Å∞™êÎ#∞. 'LYkÌ~°∞— (`«Ü«∂~°∞KÕ™êÎ#∞) J#fl
ÉèÏ=OÖ’ =∂„`«"Õ∞ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«|_çOk (Y∞~°∞Îc).
50. '^≥·"å[˝`À— (a W*òxÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï) J#fl Ѩ^ŒO Ô~O_Õã≤™ê~°∞¡ K≥ѨÊ|_»@O QÆ=∞<å~°›O.
nxfl|\˜ì É’^èÑŒ _¨ ^Õ =Õ ∞O>Ë ^≥=· `«fiѨ٠QÆ∞}ÏÅÖ’, JkèHÍ~åÅÖ’ `«##∞ ÉèÏQÆ™êfiq∞QÍ
Z=~°∂ TÇ≤ÏOK«∞HÀ~å^Œh, `å#∞ Hˆ =ÅO XHõ ^•ã¨∞_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú „Ѩ=HõÎ =∂„`«"∞Õ #x
D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) K≥ѨÊ^ŒeKå~°∞. `«# ^•fi~å [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl^ŒO`å XHõ
=∞Ç≤Ï=∂xfi`«O ("≥∂l*Ï) =∂„`«"Õ∞. Jn ^≥·"å[˝`À<Õ [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. JO^Œ∞Ö’
<å Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«#O Ug∞ÖË^Œ∞ Jx ‰õÄ_® „Ѩ=HõÎ D™ê ã¨Ê+¨ìѨ~°K«^ŒeKå~°∞. Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü
WÖÏ JO@∞<åfl~°∞ : JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩu „Ѩ=HõΉõÄ J`«x HÍÅѨ٠ã≤÷uQÆ`«∞Å#∞|\˜ì H˘xfl
=∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞ „Ѩ™êkOKå_»∞. P „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ „Ѩ[Å∞ ã¨`«º=O`«∞_»∞QÍ, B#fl`«ºO
QÆÅ"å_»∞QÍ #=∂‡Å#fl^Õ ^•x Jã¨Å∞ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O. ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõΠǨτ[`ü =¸™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤
ã¨ûÖÏO) HÍÅOÖ’ „Ѩ[Ö’¡ KÕ`«|_ç „Ñ¨ÉèÏ=O qѨs`«OQÍ LO_Õk. =∞O„`«q^ŒºÅ∞,
243
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
50 ''WOHÍ <Õ#∞ <å‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO J=`«
iOz# `Ò~å`«∞ („QÆO^ä=Œ Ú)#∞ ^è$Œ =Ѩ~∞°
ã¨∞Î<åfl#∞. g∞ H˘~°‰õΩ x¿+kèOK«|_ç#51
H˘xfl =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ#∞ ^è~Œ ‡° ã¨=∞‡`«O QÍqOK«
\ÏxH˜ ‰õÄ_® <Õ#∞ =KåÛ#∞. WOHÍ <Õ#∞
g∞ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ g∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù ã¨∂K«##∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ
=KåÛ#∞. Hõ#∞Hõ g∞~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞«
Ѩ_»O_ç. <å‰õΩ q^èÕÜ«∞`« K«∂ѨO_ç.——
HõxHõ@∞¡ ÃÑK«ÛiÖÏ¡~Ú. HÍx JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ PÜ«∞#‰õΩ J`«ºO`« â◊H=Θ ∞O`« "≥∞#ÿ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞#∞
„Ѩ™êkOKÕã¨iH˜ ^•x=ÚO^Œ∞ =∂O„u‰õΩÅ =∞O„`«`«O„`åÅhfl Ѩ\ÏѨOK«Öˇ·<å~Ú.
^•O`À Ǩτ[`ü =¸™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) ã¨`«º=O`«∞_≥·# „Ѩ=HõÎ Jx `Õ@`≥Å¡O
J~ÚáÈ~ÚOk. =∞O„`«QÍà◊√¡ ã¨~Ú`«O D q+¨Ü«∂xfl XѨC‰õΩx =¸™ê#∞
qâ◊fiã≤OKå~°∞.
J^Õq^èOŒ QÍ Ç¨Ï„[`ü D™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO) HÍÅOÖ’ "≥^· ºŒ O, "åºkè x"å~°} ZO`À
„áê^è•#º`«#∞ ã¨O`«iOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ∞ˆH =∞$`«∞}˜‚ „|uH˜OKÕ, ѨÙ@∞ì„QÆ∞_ç¤H˜
K«∂ѨÙ#∞ „Ѩ™êkOKÕ, ‰õΩ+¨µ~ª Àyx #Ü«∞O KÕ¿ã =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ D™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤
ã¨ûÖÏO)‰õΩ "˘ã¨QÆ|_®¤~Ú. P HÍÅѨ٠"≥·^ŒºxѨÙ}∞_≥=~°∂ D J^Œ∞ƒù`åÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõ
áÈÜÕ∞"å_»∞.
JÖψQ JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) HÍÅOÖ’ ™êÇ≤Ïf qÅ∞=ʼnõΩ,
`Õ<Ö≥ ÁeˆH `Õ@"≥∞#ÿ Hõq`åfixH˜ Jq∞`«"∞≥ #ÿ „áê=ÚYºO LO_Õk. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« PÜ«∞#
(ã¨Jã¨O)‰õΩ k=º Y∞~üP<£ =O\˜ =∞<ÀǨÏ~° â‹·e`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl, J`«∞º`«Î=∞ ™êÇ≤Ïf
„Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ#∞ Hõey=Ù#fl L„^ŒOæ ^äOŒ „Ѩ™êkOK«|_çOk. J@∞=O\˜ „QÆO^ä•xfl „ѨÑO¨
K«OÖ’x Q˘Ñ¨Ê ™êÇ≤Ïf"Õ`ÅΫ ∞, =∞ǨHõ=ÙÖˇ=~°∂ WѨÊ\˜=~°‰Äõ ~°zOK«ÖHË áõ ÈÜ«∂~°∞.
=∞Ô~ѨÊ\˜H© WÖÏO\˜ Hõ$ux ã¨=∞iÊOK«ÖË~°#flk ã¨`«ºO (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
51. P =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ∞ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ x¿+kèOK«|_®¤Ü∞« #flk „Ѩâfl◊ . |Ǩïâß ^Õ=Ù_»∞ "åix tH˜O∆ KÕ
L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À H˘xfl =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ "åiÔH· ǨÏ~å"£∞ (x+≤^ŒúO)QÍ Y~å~°∞KÕã≤ LO_»=K«∞Û.
ÖË^• ^èŒ~°‡âß„™êÎxfl ^≥·#Ok# rq`åxH˜ J#fi~ÚOѨ*ËÜ«∞@OÖ’ "åi q^•fiOã¨∞Å
=Å¡ [iy# á⁄~°ÉÏ@∞ =¸ÅOQÍ D Ѩiã≤÷u U~°Ê_ç LO_»=K«∞Û. JÖÏO\˜
á⁄~°ÉÏ@∞#∞ |Ǩïâß Ç¨Ï„[`ü D™ê ã¨ikkÌ "å\˜x uiy ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«OQÍ Y~å~°∞
KÕã≤ LO_»=K«∞Û (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
244
23 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
51 ''xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ <å‰õÄ „ѨÉ∞íè "Õ,
g∞‰õÄ „ѨÉ∞íè "Õ. Hõ#∞Hõ g∞~°O`å PÜ«∞<Õfl
P~åkèOK«O_ç. W^Õ ~°∞A=∂~°Oæ .——52
52 J~Ú`Õ "åiÖ’x u~°™ê¯~° "≥·Yix
Ѩã≤QÆ\ ˜ì#53 `«~°∞"å`« D™ê, ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
=∂~°Oæ Ö’ <å‰õΩ `À_»Ê_Õ"åÔ~=~°∞?——54 Jx
„ѨtflOK«QÍ, ǨÏ"åsÅ∞,55 ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
=∂~°æOÖ’ "Õ∞=Ú (g∞‰õΩ) `À_»Ê_»`å=Ú.
52. JO>Ë ^≥·=ã¨xflkèÖ’ P~å^èŒ# KÕÜ«∞@OÖ’, PÜ«∞# Z^Œ∞@ xã¨ûǨÜ«∞ã≤÷ux =ºHõÎ
Ѩ~°∞ã¨∂Î xÅ|_»@OÖ’ <Õ#∂, g∞~°∞ – ã¨=∂#∞Å"Õ∞. Hõ#∞Hõ ~°∞A=∂~°æO XHõ¯>Ë.
J^Õq∞@O>Ë JO^Œ~°∂ HõÅã≤ XˆH ^≥·"åxfl P~åkèOK«@O! PÜ«∞# ^≥·=`«fiOÖ’
"Õ~˘Hõix ã¨Ç¨Ï=~°∞ÎÅ∞QÍ xÅɡ@ì‰õΩO_® LO_»@O!!
53. JO>Ë W„™ê~¸bÜ«ÚÅ∞ Ѩ<flÕ ‰õΩ„@Å∞, HõÑ@¨ KÕ+Åì¨ ∞ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (Jqâßfiã¨O)`À
‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#flqQÍ, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ D™ê ã¨O^Õâßxfl `«$}©HõiOKÕqQÍ LO_Õq. WHõ gà◊√¡
ZO`«=∂„`«O `«# ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩÅ∞ HÍ*ÏÅ~°x D™ê‰õΩ J~°÷"≥∞ÿáÈ~ÚOk.
54. `«~`° ~« åÅ∞QÍ, Ü«ÚQÆÜÚ« QÍÅ∞QÍ K«i„`« Kå\˜K¿≥ ÑÊ^Õ=∞O>Ë ZO`À=∞Ok ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞
`«=∞ *Ïu "åi PQÆ_®Å#∞ ÉèíiOK«ÖËHõ `˘Å∞`« *ÏuH˜ K≥Ok# q"ÕHõ=O`«∞Å#∞
ã¨O„ѨuOz "åi ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åÅ#∞ HÀ~å~°∞. JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)
‰õÄ_® „áê~°OÉèíOÖ’ W^Õ Ñ¨x KÕâß~°∞. =∞Hͯ ‰õΩÔ~·+¨µÅ∞ PÜ«∞# (ã¨) ã¨O^Õâ◊ HÍ~°º
„Hõ=∞OÖ’ „Ѩ^è•# J_»¤OH˜QÍ xeKå~°∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« PÜ«∞# (ã¨) ǨÏ*ò ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ
^Œ∂~° „Ѩ^ÕâßÅ #∞Oz qq^èŒ `≥QÆÅ "åix HõÅ∞ã¨∞‰õΩx ^≥·=^èŒ~°‡ „ѨKå~°OÖ’ `«#‰õΩ
ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩÅ∞QÍ xÅ∞==∞x HÀˆ~"å~°∞. nxH˜ J<åû~°∞Å∞ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ ã¨ÊOkO
Kå~°∞. Ç≤Ï„[`ü‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞, Ç≤Ï„[`ü `«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_® J<åû~ü =sæÜ«ÚÅ∞ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ
(ã¨)‰õΩ JO_»QÍ xeKå~°∞.
Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) ‰õÄ_® W^Õq^èŒOQÍ „Ѩ[Å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åxfl HÀ~å~°∞. D
~°H=õ ∞~Ú# JÉèºí ~°#÷ '+≤~¯ü —QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}O˜ K«|_»^∞Œ . Jã¨Å∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞ =KÕÛ^Õ '+≤~¯ü —#∞
~°∂ѨÙ=∂Ѩ_®xH˜ Hõ^•! =∞i J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ "å~°∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ +≤~ü¯H˜ ZÖÏ
áêÅÊ_»`å~°∞? HÍx ã¨=∂^èŒ∞Å =^ŒÌ‰õΩ "≥o§ "≥Ú‰õΩ¯|_»∞Å∞ f~°∞Û‰õΩ<Õ "å~°∞ `å=Ú
X_çQÆ>Ëì KÕ+¨ì#∞ ã¨=∞i÷OK«∞HÀ=\ÏxH˜ Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï)QÍi D ѨÅ∞‰õΩÅ#∞
(^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ <å‰õΩ `À_»Ê_Õ"åÔ~=~°∞? J#fl ѨÅ∞‰õΩÅ#∞) L^•Ç¨ÏiOK«@O "åi
245
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
"Õ∞=Ú JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ #∞ qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. "Õ∞=Ú
q^èÕÜ«ÚÅ=∞Ü«∂º=Ú. D q+¨Ü«∂xH˜
g∞~°∞ ™ê‰õΩ∆ Å∞QÍ LO_»O_ç—— Jx ["åa
KåÛ~°∞.
53 ("å~°∞ WOHÍ WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞) ''„ѨÉ∂íè !
h=Ù J=`«iOѨ*Ëã≤# ^•xfl "Õ∞=Ú
qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. "Õ∞=Ú h „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞
J#∞ã¨iOKå=Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ ™ê‰õ∆ΩÅ
*Ïa`åÖ’ =∂ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ ‰õÄ_® „"åã¨∞HÀ.——
54 Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ ~°Ç¨Ï㨺OQÍ Z`«∞ÎÅ∞
"ÕÜ«∞™êQÍ~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ‰õÄ_® "åi Z`«∞Î
ʼnõΩ ÃÑ· Z`«∞ÎÅ∞ "Õâß_»∞. Z`«∞ÎÅ∞ "Õ¿ã
"åiÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ™ê\˜ÖËx "Õ∞\˜.56
Jq"ÕHÍxH˜, „ǨÏã¨fi^Œ$+≤ìH˜ `å~å¯}O. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åiH˜ ã¨<å‡~åæhfl, ã¨^Œ∞ƒkúh
"˘ã¨QÆ∞QÍHõ!
55. 'ǨÏ"åiÜ«¸º<£— J<Õk ǨÏ"ås J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜ |Ǩï=K«#O. 'ǨÏ"åsÅ∞— JO>Ë
ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞‰õΩÅ∞, `À_®Ê@∞xKÕÛ"å~°∞ Jx J~°O÷ . =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O)"å~°∞
WÖÏ „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞ : ''„Ѩu „Ѩ=HõΉõÄ Z=~À XHõ~°∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩÅ∞QÍ
LO\Ï~°∞. <å ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩ_»∞ Aɡ·~ü (~°l)—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs: H˜`å|∞Öò lǨ^£).
56. Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) HÍÅOÖ’ ã≤iÜ«∂ „áêO`«O ~À=∞#∞Å UÅ∞|_çÖ’
LO_Õk. "åi `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ # P „áêO`åxH˜ JkèHÍiQÍ xÜ«∞q∞`«∞_≥· L#fl =ºH˜Î Jqâßfiã≤.
D™ê (Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î)‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ P JkèHÍi K≥=ÙÖ’¡ U"Õ"À
#∂iáÈ™ê~°∞. J`«_»∞ `«O„_ç ÖËx"å_»h, HõÖ’¡Å HÍ~°‰õΩ_»h Kå_ôÅ∞ K≥áêÊ~°∞.
"åi Ѷ~≤ åº^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· ~å[ºáêʼnõΩ_»∞ Ǩτ[`ü D™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO)‰õΩ tÅ∞= "ÕÜ∞« =∞x
P^ÕtOKå_»∞. HÍx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ç¨Ï„[`ü D™ê (Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î)#∞ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`«OQÍ PHÍâ◊OÃÑ·H˜
Z`«∞ΉõΩ<åfl_»∞. PÜ«∞# |^Œ∞Å∞ PÜ«∞xfl áÈe=Ù#fl =∞~À =ºH˜ÎH˜ – PÜ«∞<Õ#x
„Éèí=∞Ѩ_ç – tÅ∞= "Õâß~°∞. `å=Ú D™ê‰õΩ =∞~°}^ŒO_»# qkèOKå=∞x "å~°O`å
ã¨O|~°Ñ_¨ ∞» `«∞<åfl~°∞. J~°cÖ’ '=∞„H±— J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ =zÛOk. =∞„H± JO>Ë ~°ÇϨ 㨺OQÍ
Ѩ<Õfl ‰õΩ\˜ÅѨ<åflQÆO, ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 Z`«∞ÎQÆ_» Jx J~°÷O. D Ô~O_»= ÉèÏ=OÖ’<Õ ~ÚHõ¯_»
246
24 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
55 JѨC_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ WÖÏ J<åfl_»∞ :
F D™ê! <Õ#∞ x#∞fl ѨÓiÎQÍ fã¨∞‰õΩO
\Ï#∞.57 x#∞fl <å "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ ÖËÑÙ¨ ‰õΩO\Ï#∞.
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å ÉÏi#∞Oz x#∞fl Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞ú
xQÍ KÕ™êÎ#∞.58 x#∞fl J#∞ã¨iOz#
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ Z`«∞ÎQÆ_»Ö’¡ ™ê\˜ÖËx "Õ∞\˜ (Mˇ·~°∞Öò =∂H˜s<£) Jx K≥ѨÊ@O [iyOk.
D Z`«∞ÎQÆ_» K≥_»∞ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À "Õ¿ãÎ Jk ‰õΩ„@, „^ÀǨÏO J#|_»∞`«∞Ok. J^Õ
ã¨^Œ∞^ÕÌâ◊O`À<À, P`«‡~°Hõ∆} HÀã¨"≥∂ "Õ¿ãÎ JѨC_»k =∞Oz =ӺǨÏO, "Õ∞Öˇ·#
Z`«∞ÎQÆ_»QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»∞`«∞Ok.
57. PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ '=Ú`«=Ñ‘Êù— Jx J#|_çOk. nx =¸ÅѨ^ŒO '`«=Ñ≤ÊùÜ«Ú<£.— Jã¨Å∞
g@xflO\˜ ^è•`«∞=Ù '=Ѷ≤Ü«Úº<£.— nxH˜ ã¨OѨÓiÎQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=@O J<Õ J~°÷O
=ã¨∞ÎOk. =∞x+≤ =∞~°}˜Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ '=á¶ê`ü— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO "å_»|_»∞`«∞Ok. HÍ~°}O
J`«x Éè∫uHõ â◊H˜Î Ü«Ú‰õΩÎÅhfl P Hõ∆}OÖ’ [ѨÙÎ KÕã¨∞HÀ|_»`å~Ú. D q^èŒOQÍ
K«∂¿ãÎ =∞~°}O J<Õk =á¶ê`ü Ü≥ÚHõ¯ qq^èŒ ã≤÷`«∞Ö’¡ XHõ ã≤÷u =∂„`«"Õ∞. =á¶ê`ü
JO>Ë =∞~°}"Õ∞ Jx J#∞HÀ#=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. =∞x+≤ x„^ŒÖ’H˜ *Ï~°∞‰õΩ#flѨC_»∞
‰õÄ_® J`«xH˜ `«#ÃÑ· U=∂„`«O J^Œ∞ѨÙ, J[=∂~Ú+‘ LO_»^Œ∞. =∞x+≤ â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞–
`å`å¯eHõOQÍ – J`«#∞flOz fã¨∞HÀ|_»`å~Ú. JO^Œ∞ˆH k=º Y∞~üP<£ x„^Œ#∞
‰õÄ_® =á¶ê`üQÍ Jaè=i‚OzOk. nx^•fi~å É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ^Õq∞@O>Ë =Ѷ≤Ü«Úº<£,
`«=Ñ≤ÊùÜ«Ú<£, =á¶ê`ü J<Õ Ñ¨^•Å‰õΩ Jã¨Å∞ J~°÷O ã¨OѨÓiÎQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=@=∞<ÕQÍx
"å\˜ J~°÷O =∞~°}O HÍ^Œ∞. 'Whfl =Ú`«=Ñ‘ÊùHõ— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO ~ÚHõ¯_» D Jã¨Å∞
J~°O÷ Ö’<Õ „ѨÜ∂≥ yOK«|_çOk. JO>Ë – 'F D™ê! <Õ#∞ x#∞fl Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ‰õΩ„@#∞Oz
HÍáê_ç, x#∞fl ѨÓiÎQÍ <å "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ – PHÍâßÅÃÑ·H˜ – Z`«∞ΉõΩO\Ï#∞— Jx ^Õ=Ù_»∞
K≥ѨÊ^ŒeKå_»∞. [iyOk ‰õÄ_® J^Õ#∞. =∞~°}O J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO =á¶ê`ü‰õΩ „Ѩ`åº=∂fl
Ü«∞OQÍ qiqQÍ "å_»|_»∞`«∞O_»@O KÕ`« H˘O^Œ~°∞ WHõ¯_» '=Ú`«=Ѷ‘ÊùHõ—‰õΩ '<Õ#∞
x#∞fl =∞~°}˜OѨ*Ë™êÎ#∞— J<Õ `«~°∞˚=∂ KÕâß~°∞. J~Ú`Õ JHõ¯_Õ "å~°∞ =∞~À ã¨OQÆu
‰õÄ_® ã¨Ê+ì̈O KÕâß~°#flk QÆ=∞<å~°›O. J^Õq∞@O>Ë, D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ Ѩ^•Å "å_»HõO
– =ÚO^Œ∞k "≥#H˜¯, "≥#∞Hõk =ÚO^Œ∞H˜ – [iyOk. JO>Ë ÉèÏ=O s`åº '~åѶ≤=ÙHõ—
(<Õ#∞ x#∞fl <å "≥·Ñ¨Ù Z`«∞ΉõΩO\Ï#∞) J#fl Ѩ^ŒO =ÚO^Œ∞ LOk. '=Ú`«=Ѷ‘ÊùHõ—
(x#∞fl =∞~°}˜OѨ*Ë™êÎ#∞) J#fl Ѩ^ŒO `«~åfi`« LOk. D q^èŒOQÍ KÕÜ«∞@O =Å¡
ÉèÏ=O U=∞=Ù`«∞O^ŒO>Ë – F D™ê! <Õ#∞ x#∞fl PHÍâ◊OÃÑ·H˜ Z`«∞ΉõΩO\Ï#∞.
247
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
"åix „Ѩà◊Ü«∞k#O =~°‰õÄ59 Jqâßfi
ã¨∞ÅÃÑ· ÃÑ·KÕ~ÚQÍ LOK«∞`å#∞. P
`«~åfi`« g∞~°O`å =∞~°e ~å=Åã≤Ok <å
=^ŒÌˆH. JѨC_»∞ <Õ<Õ g∞ =∞^茺 L#fl
Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° qÉèË^•ÅÃÑ· f~°∞Ê KÕ™êÎ#∞.
56 =∞i Jqâßfiã¨∞ÅÔH·`Õ <Õ#∞ WǨÏ
Ö’HõOÖ’#∂, Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’#∂ Hõiî#
tHõ∆ qkè™êÎ#∞. "åix P^Œ∞‰õΩ<Õ
"åÔ~=~°∂ LO_»~∞° .
57 J~Ú`Õ qâ◊fiã≤Oz, ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞ KÕã#≤
"åiH˜ "åi ѨÓiΠѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÖÏxfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
W™êÎ_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞æÅ#∞ ZO`«
=∂„`«O W+¨Ñì _¨ _» ∞» .
58 (F =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£!) "Õ∞=Ú h‰õΩ (k=º
Y∞~üP<£) PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞, q"ÕHOõ `À ‰õÄ_ç#
Ç≤Ï`«É’^èŒ#∞ K«kq qxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú.
P `«~åfi`« =∞m¡ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’H˜ kOÑ≤#ѨC_»∞ h‰õΩ =∞~°}O W™êÎ#∞. WѨC_»∞
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ h‰õΩ =∞~°}O ~å^Œ∞. h=Ù ã¨Ç¨Ï["≥∞ÿ# =∞~°}"Õ∞ =∞~°}˜™êÎ=Ù
(Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü, Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
58. JO>Ë Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ h‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ KÕ¿ã ^Œ∞„+¨ÊKå~°O #∞Oz, hÃÑ· "Õ¿ã hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ
HÍÅ∞+¨º "å`å=~°}O #∞Oz x#∞fl HÍáê_»∞`å#∞ Jx nx ÉèÏ=O. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«#
JOu=∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) ^•fi~å D "åQÍÌ<åxfl <≥~°"Õ~åÛ_»∞. D™ê „Ѩ=HõÎ
x~ÀÌ+¨`åfixfl, x~°‡Å`åfixfl „ѨѨOKåxH˜ Kå\˜ K≥áêÊ_»∞.
59. D 'ÃÑK· ~Õ Ú— Z=iH˜ =iÎã∞¨ OÎ n? „ÔHã· =Ψ ÙÅHÍ, =Úã≤O¡ ÅHÍ? J#fl ã¨O^ÕÇϨ O ~ÚHõ¯_»
HõÅQÆ=K«∞Û. „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ qâßfi™êÅ∞ ÃÑ_»„`À=Ѩ\˜ì# HÍ~°}OQÍ Ñ¨~°Ö’Hõ ™êѶ¨ÅºO
"åiH˜ ÅaèOK«HõáÈ~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ =∂„`«O "å~°∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· ZšѨC_»∂
PkèHõº`«#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈ã¨∂Î LO_»=K«∞Û. Wk XHõ\˜. WHõ Ô~O_»= ÉèÏ=OÖ’ D ÃÑ·KÕ~Ú
=ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅk HÍ=K«∞Û. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "å~°∞ D™ê „Ѩ=HõÎ`À
ã¨Ç¨ q∞QÆ`å „Ñ¨=HõÎÅO^Œih qâ◊fiã≤™êÎ~°∞. "å~°∞ K«∂Ñ≤# ã¨Ô~·#, U=∂„`«O „ѨH˜∆ѨÎ
248
25 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
59 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ D™ê LѨ=∂#O
P^ŒO LѨ=∂<åxfl áÈe#^Õ. (PÜ«∞#)
J`«xfl =∞\˜ì`À KÕã≤ 'J~ÚáÈ— Jx P*Ï˝
Ñ≤OK«QÍ<Õ J`«#∞ (=∞x+≤QÍ) J~Ú
áÈÜ«∂_»∞.
60 h „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞Oz (=zÛ#)
ã¨`«ºO W^Õ. *Ï„QÆ`«Î! â◊OH˜OKÕ "åiÖ’
KÕiáȉõΩ.
61 Hõ#∞Hõ h =^ŒÌ‰õΩ D *Ï˝#O =zÛ#
`«~∞° "å`« ‰õÄ_® h`À Z=~°~Ú<å D
q+¨ Ü « ∞ OÖ’ "å^Œ # ‰õ Ω ky`Õ "åi`À
ã¨Ê+¨Oì QÍ WÖÏ K≥¿ÑÊ~Ú : ''~°O_ç! g∞~°∂
"Õ∞=Ú HõÅã≤ =∞# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å#∞, =∞#
„ã‘ÎÅ#∞ Ñ≤Å∞^•ÌO. ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ =∞#O
‰õÄ_® =^•ÌO. P `«~åfi`« – 'J|^•úÅ∞
K≥¿ÑÊ"åiÃÑ· JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ âßѨO Ѩ_»∞QÍHõ—
Jx n<åun#OQÍ „áêi÷^•Ì=Ú.——60
xH˜á∆ êÎʼnõΩ Ö’#∞QÍx ã¨fiK«Û"ù ∞≥ #ÿ ^è~Œ å‡xfl J#∞ã¨i™êÎ~∞° . P q^èOŒ QÍ D™ê „Ѩ=Hõ‰Î Ωõ
x["≥∞ÿ# J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅ∞ =Úã≤¡OÖË J=Ù`å~°∞.
60. D PÜ«∞`«∞ (61= PÜ«∞`«∞) 'PÜ«∞`≥ =ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ—QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_»∞`«∞Ok. JO>Ë
Ô~O_»∞ =~åæÅ "å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® `å=Ú K≥¿ÑÊ^Õ ã¨`«º=∞x "åkã¨∞Î#flѨC_»∞ Jã¨`«ºO
ѨeˆH"åiÃÑ· ^Õ=Ùx âßѨO Ѩ_»∞QÍHõ! Jx XO_˘Hõix â◊Ñ≤OK«@O J#fl=∂@.
ã¨`åºã¨`åºÅ q+¨Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ ÉèË^•aè„áêÜ«∞O U~°Ê_ç, =º=Ǩ~°O Z@∂ `ÕÅx ã≤÷u
U~°Ê_ç#ѨC_»∞ D '=ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ— [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
nx ѨÓ~°fi~°OQÆO Uq∞\©? Jx „ѨtflOK«∞‰õΩO>Ë Ç≤Ï„r 9= ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ #*ò~å<£
„áêO`«O #∞Oz XHõ „ÔH·ã¨Î= |$O^ŒO =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =^ŒÌ‰õΩ =zÛOk. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ
D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ Juâ◊Ü«∞O`À ‰õÄ_ç# `«=∞ qâßfi™êÅ QÆ∞iOz
P |$O^ŒO "åkOK«™êyOk. Z@ìHˆ ʼnõΩ D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk. nx P^è•~°OQÍ
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) „ÔHã· =Î̈ |$O^•xfl '=ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ— H˘~°‰Ωõ PǨfixOKå~°∞. WO^Œ∞HÀã¨O
249
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
62 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ W^Õ ã¨`«º|^Œú"≥∞ÿ#
=$`åÎO`«O. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À
P~å^èŒ∞º_»∞ ÖË_»∞. xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ÜÕ∞ ã¨~åfikè‰Ωõ º_»∞, q"ÕH=õ O`«∞_»∞.
63 (D ã¨"åÅ∞ qã≤i#) `«~∞° "å`« ‰õÄ_®
"å~°∞ (ã¨`åºxfl) XѨCHÀHõ uiyáÈ~Ú
#@¡~Ú`Õ, Jã¨Å∞ ã¨OH∆ÀÉèÏxfl ~ˆ HÔ uÎOKÕ
"åÔ~=~À JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.
64 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ K≥ѨC:
''F „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖÏ~å! =∂Ö’#∂, g∞
Ö’#∂ ã¨=∂#OQÍ L#fl XHõ q+¨Ü«∞O
"≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ ~°O_ç. J^Õ=∞O>Ë =∞#O
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ `«Ñ¨Ê "ÕÔ~=ih P~åkèOK«
‰õÄ_»^Œ∞, PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ
Z=ih HõeÊOK«~å^Œ∞.61 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞
PÜ«∞# (ã¨) Ǩτ[`ü Jb (~°l), Ǩτ[`ü á¶êu=∂(~°l), Ǩτ[`ü ǨÏã¨<£ =∞iÜ«Ú
ǨïÃã·<£Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® Ñ≤Å∞K«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. g∞~°∞ ‰õÄ_® g∞ PÅ∞a_»¤Å#∞ Ñ≤Å∞K«∞HÀO_ç.
=∞#O LÉèÜ í Ú« ÅO HõÅã≤ =∞#Ö’x Jã¨`º« "å^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· ^Õ=Ùx âßѨO Ѩ_=» ∞x â◊Ñ^≤ •ÌO
Jx ã¨"åÅ∞ qã≤~å~°∞. D ã¨"åÅ∞ÃÑ· „ÔH·ãÎ̈=ÙÅ∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O ã¨O„ѨuOK«∞‰õΩ#fl g∞^Œ@
'=ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ—#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#ÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂~°∞. `«=∞~°∞ =∂#∞O_ç UO HÀ~°∞‰õΩ<åfl f~°Û_®xH˜
ã≤^Œú"Õ∞QÍh, '=ÚÉÏǨÏÖÏ— =∂„`«O =^ŒÌ<åfl~°∞. JѨC_»∞ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ(ã¨) "åiÃÑ·
'l*òÜ«∂—#∞ qkèOKå~°∞. P ™⁄=Ú‡#∞ =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕ¿ã xq∞`«ÎO PÜ«∞# (ã¨) 'Jg∞<≥
L=∞‡`ü— (L=∞‡`ü Ü≥ÚHõ¯ x*Ï~ÚfѨ~°∞_»∞)QÍ `«#KÕ`« H˜`å|∞ JO^Œ∞‰õΩ#fl Ǩτ[`ü
J|∂ Lɡ·^Œ a<£ [„~åÇπÏ (~°l)#∞ "åi "≥O@ ѨOÑ≤OKå~°∞ (`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü,
Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò Yn~ü P^è•~°OQÍ). nx `«~∞° "åu PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÖˇ#· Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞,
„ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙʼnõΩ UHõ^≥·"å~å^èŒ# "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ Ñ≤Å∞Ѩ٠W=fi|_çOk.
61. JO>Ë U q„QÆǨxfl QÍh, tÅ∞=#∞ QÍh, Jyflx QÍh, =∞ˆ~ ~Ú`«~° =ã¨∞Î=Ù#∞
QÍh JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ xÅɡ@ì‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. XHõ¯_≥·# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞
P~åkèOKåe. „Ѩ=HõÎÅO`å ~ÚzÛ# ã¨O^Õâ◊O ‰õÄ_® W^Õ.
250
26 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
=^Œe =∞#Ö’ Z=~°∂ WOH˘Hõix
„ѨÉèí∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ KÕã¨∞HÀ~å^Œ∞.——62 D
„Ѩuáê^Œ# Ѩ@¡ QÆ#Hõ "å~°∞ q=ÚY`«
K«∂Ñ≤`Õ, ''"Õ∞=Ú =∂„`«O =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ=Ú
J#fl q+¨Ü«∂xH˜ g∞~°∞ ™ê‰õ∆ΩÅ∞QÍ
LO_»O_ç——63 Jx "åiH˜ K≥¿ÑÊÜ«∞O_ç.
62. „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ =∞<À=∞ã≤Îëê¯Å#∞ ‰õΩkÑ≤"Õ¿ã "åHõºO Wk. g∞~°∞ Ǩτ[`ü D™ê#∞,
Ǩτ[`ü L*ˇ·~ü#∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù(~°Éò)QÍ #=Ú‡`«∞<åfl~°∞. HÍx g∞ #=∞‡HõO QÆ∞_ç¤ #=∞‡HõO.
"å~°∞ „ѨÉèí∞=ÙÅ∞ HÍ~°∞. g∞ÖÏO\˜ =∞#∞+¨µÖË. JnQÍHõ g∞~°∞ ^èŒ~å‡xfl (ǨÏÖÏÖò#∞)
J^èŒ~°‡O (ǨÏ~å"£∞)QÍ, J^èŒ~å‡xfl ^èŒ~°‡OQÍ Y~å~°∞KÕ¿ã x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O g∞
=∞`åkèHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ, PKå~°∞ºÅ‰õΩ JѨÊyOKå~°∞. Wk ‰õÄ_® XHõq^èŒOQÍ "åix
„ѨÉèí∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ KÕã¨∞HÀ=@"Õ∞. `ÒÉÏ ã¨∂~åÖ’x 31= =K«#O nxH˜ `å~å¯}O. D
^èÀ~°}˜ ‰õÄ_® ã¨Ô~·Ok HÍ^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ç¨ÏÖÏÖò – ǨÏ~å"£∞Å x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O
ˆH=ÅO JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ LOk (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü, Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
63. ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏsÖ’ LOk : k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’x D P^Õâß#∞™ê~°O =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ
(ã¨Jã¨O) ~À=Ú K«„Hõ=iÎÜ«∞QÆ∞ ÃÇÏiH˜¡Ü«∞ãπ‰õΩ XHõ ÖËY ~åâß~°∞. P ÖËYÖ’ PÜ«∞#
(ã¨) D PÜ«∞`«∞ P^è•~°OQÍ W™ê¡O#∞ ã‘fiHõiOK«=∞x HÀ~å~°∞. XHõ"àÕ ◊ h=Ù W™ê¡O#∞
ã‘fiHõi¿ãÎ h‰õΩ Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO Åaèã¨∞ÎOk, ÖËHõáÈ`Õ h áêe`« „Ѩ[Å
áêѨÉèÏ~°=∞O`å h g∞^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞O^Œx ÃÇÏK«ÛiOKå~°∞. ǨÏnã¨∞ "åHͺÅ∞ WÖÏ
L<åfl~Ú: ''W™ê¡O =ÚO^Œ∞ x#∞fl #∞=Ùfi ã¨=∞iÊOK«∞HÀ. âßOuQÍ LO\Ï=Ù. W™ê¡O
ã‘fiHõiOK«∞, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ h‰õΩ Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO "˘ã¨QÆ∞`å_»∞. XHõ"Õà◊ #∞=Ùfi QÆ#Hõ
W™ê¡O ã‘fiHÍ~°O Ѩ@¡ q=ÚY`« K«∂áê=O>Ë h ѨiáêÅ#Ö’ L#fl [#∞Å áêѨO
‰õÄ_® hg∞^Õ Ñ¨_∞» `«∞Ok. (ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë h áêe`«∞Å∞ W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOK«Hõ áÈ=\ÏxH˜
#∞"Õfi HÍ~°‰õΩ_»Ü«∂º=Ù HÍ|\˜ì!)—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs : H˜`å|∞ |^£~ÚÖò =Ç‘Ï).
D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ =¸_»∞ =ÚMϺOâßÅ∞ QÆ=∞<å~°›"≥∞ÿ#q – 1. ˆH=ÅO XHõ¯_≥·#
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ P~åkèOKåe. 2. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ "Õi`«~°∞Å#∞
xÅɡ@ì~å^Œ∞ – JO>Ë +≤~ü¯‰õΩ X_çQÆ@ì~å^Œ∞. 3. „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ U =ºH˜ÎH©, U â◊H˜ÎH©
+¨sÜ«∞`ü‰Ωõ ~°∂ѨHÅõ Ê# KÕ¿ã JkèHÍ~°O Hõ@Éì @ˇ ~ì å^Œ∞. Z=iHõ~Ú<å D JkèHÍ~åxfl
QÆ#Hõ Hõ@ìɡ_ç`Õ, "åix ^≥·"åÅ∞QÍ, „ѨÉèí∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ t~°™ê=Ç≤ÏOz#>Ë¡ ÖˇHõ¯.
Hõe=∞`«∞<£ ã¨"å=Ù<£ (ã¨=∂#OQÍ L#fl q+¨Ü«∞O) JO>Ë D =¸_»∞ JOâßÖË. D
251
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
65 F „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO
q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ Q˘_»=Ѩ_»∞
`«∞<åfl~°∞. `Ò~å`«∞, Wh˚Å∞ „QÆO^ä•Öˇ·`Õ
PÜ«∞# `«~∞° "å`«<Õ J=`«iOKå~Ú Hõ^•!
J~Ú<å g∞~°∞ J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀˆ~?!64
66 K«∂_»O_ç, g∞‰õΩ `≥eã≤# q+¨Ü∞« O
QÆ∞iOz g∞Ô~ÖÏQÆ∂ "åkOKå~°∞. HÍx
g∞‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞x q+¨Ü«∂Å QÆ∞iOz
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ "åkã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞?65 (Ü«∞^•~°÷O)
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ QÍx g∞‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞.
=¸_»∞ JOâßÅ P^è•~°OQÍ<≥·<å =Úã≤¡OÅ`À UHõO Hõ=∞‡x „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ#∞
Ñ≤Å∞=@O [iyOk. J^Õq^èŒOQÍ q_çáÈ~Ú# =∞# =Úã≤¡O ã¨=∂*Ïxfl UHõO
KÕÜ«∞\ÏxH˜ ‰õÄ_® =¸_»∞ JOâßÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# D 'Hõe=∞`«∞<£ ã¨"å=Ù<£—<Õ
„áêuѨkHõQÍ KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O ZO`≥·<å J=ã¨~°O.
64. W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO `«=∞"å_»O>Ë `«=∞"å_»x J@∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, W@∞ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ ‰õÄ_®
"å^Œ∞ÖÏ_»@OÖ’x „Ѩ^è•# L^ÕÌâ◊O Uq∞@O>Ë PÜ«∞# "åi ^èŒ~å‡xfl =∂„`«"Õ∞
J#∞ã¨iOKå_»x "å~°∞ K≥Ñʨ ^ŒeKå~°∞. =∞i K«∂_»É’`Õ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ qâ◊fiã≤OKÕ `Ò~å`«∞
„QÆO^äŒO QÍh, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ #"Õ∞‡ ɡ·aÅ∞ „QÆO^äŒOQÍh W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO)
Ѩ~=° ∞ѨkOz# Z<Àfl ã¨O=`«û~åÅ `«~∞° "å`« J=`«iOKå~Ú. =∞i JÖÏO@ѨC_»∞
W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO Ü«¸^Œ∞_À ÖËHõ „ÔH·ã¨Î=Ù_À ZÖÏ J=Ù`å~°∞? W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏOH˜ – =¸™êH˜
=∞^茺 "≥~Úº ã¨O=`«û~åÅ `Õ_® LO_»QÍ, W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏOH˜ – D™êH˜ =∞^茺 Ô~O_»∞ "ÕÅ
ã¨O=`«û~åÅ JO`«~°O LOk (Y∞~°∞Îc).
65. g∞‰õΩ `≥eã≤# q+¨Ü«∂Ö’¡<Õ–JO>Ë g∞ ^èŒ~°‡O, g∞~°∞ J#∞ã¨iOKÕ „QÆO^äŒ*Ï˝#O
q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’<Õ – g∞~°∞ J~°O÷ Ѩ~O÷° ÖˉΩõ O_® "åkOK«∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. JÖÏO@ѨC_»∞
Jã¨Å∞ g∞‰õΩ Ug∞ `≥eÜ«∞x q+¨Ü«∂Ö’¡ "å^Œ∞ÖÏ_»∞‰õΩO>Ë Jk ~ÚOHÍ ZO`«
J~°÷~°Ç≤Ï`«OQÍ, xˆ~›`«∞HõOQÍ LO@∞O^À TÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û. "åã¨Î"åxH˜ g∞~°∞ U
W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO QÆ∞iOz ^≥|ƒÖÏ_»∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~À PÜ«∞# UHõ^≥·"å~å^èŒ#Ö’ xQÆ∞æ`Õe#
"å_»∞. q∞^䕺"å^Œ∞ʼnõΩ H˘~°Hõ~åx H˘Ü«∞ºQÍ `«Ü«∂~°~Ú# J™ê^è•~°} =ºH˜Î`«fiO
PÜ«∞#k. ''#∞=Ùfi q^èÕÜ«Ú_»=Ù J~ÚáÈ—— Jx ^≥·"å[˝ HÍQÍ<Õ, '<Õ#∞ ã¨HõÅ Ö’HÍÅ
„ѨÉ∞íè "≥#· JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ q^èÜ
Õ Ú« }˜‚ J~ÚáÈÜ«∂#∞— Jx ã¨ÊOkOz# q#Ü«∞je PÜ«∞#.
252
27 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
67 W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO Ü«¸^Œ∞_»∂ HÍ^Œ∞,
„ÔH·ãÎ̈=Ù_»∂ HÍ^Œ∞. PÜ«∞# XˆH ^Õ=Ùx"≥·Ñ¨Ù
Jaè=ÚY∞_≥·# =Úã≤¡O.66 PÜ«∞#
=Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯ÅÖ’x "å_»∞ ZO`«=∂„`«O
HÍ^Œ∞.
68 JO^ŒiHõ<åfl Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO‰õΩ
^ŒQÆæi"å~°=∞x K≥ѨC‰õΩ<Õ Ç¨Ï‰õΩ¯ Z=i
Hõ~Ú<å LOn JO>Ë, Jk PÜ«∞xfl J#∞
ã¨iOz#"åiH©, =∞iÜ«Ú D „Ѩ=HõΉõÄ,
qâßfiã¨∞ʼnõÄ =∂„`«"∞Õ LOk.67 JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
qâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ =∂„`«"∞Õ <ÕãOÎ̈ .
69 „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’x XHõ =~°æO
q∞=∞‡efl ÃÑ_»„`À= Ѩ\ ˜ìOKåÅx
K«∂™ÈÎOk. x*ÏxH˜ "å~°∞ `«=∞#∞ `å"Õ∞
ÃÑ_»„`À=Ö’ Ѩ_»"Õã¨∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. HÍx
P q+¨Ü∂« xfl "å~°∞ „QÆÇÏ≤ OK«@O ÖË^∞Œ .68
66. J~°cÖ’ ''ǨÏhѶ<¨ ,£ =Úã≤=¡ ∞<£—— Jx =zÛOk. JO>Ë |Ǩï^≥"· Àáêã¨<å ÉèÏ"åÅѨ@¡
qã¨∞QÆ∞#∞, q~°HxΘ =ºHõÑÎ ~¨ ∞° ã¨∂,Î Hˆ =ÅO XˆH XHõ¯_≥#· ^Õ=Ùx ^•™êºxH˜ JOH˜`"« ∞≥ #ÿ
"å_»∞ Jx J~°÷O.
67. W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO J#∞ã¨iOz# ^èŒ~å‡xH©, PÜ«∞# J#∞ã¨iOz# +¨sÜ«∞`«∞‰õΩ KÕ~°∞=QÍ
Z=~°~Ú<å L<åfl~°∂ JO>Ë "å~°∞ =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞ (ã¨Jã¨O) =∞iÜ«Ú
PÜ«∞# J#∞K«~°∞Öˇ·# =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’ ã¨~Ú`«O
W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO q^è•<åxfl J#∞ã¨iOK«=∞x =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)‰õΩ P^ÕtOK«@O
[iyOk (J<£ #ÇπÏ¡ – 123). ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ LOk – ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Å¡ÖϡǨï JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï
= ã¨ÅO¡ ) WÖÏ „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞ : ''„Ѩu „Ѩ=Hõ‰Î Äõ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ Ö’ H˘O`«=∞Ok ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞
LO\Ï~°∞. HÍQÍ, "åiÖ’ <å Ñ≤`å=∞Ǩï_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú <å „Ñ¨Éèí∞=Ù‰õΩ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞_≥·#
@∞=O\˜ PÜ«∞<Õ (W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO Q͈~) <å ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞.—— D =∂@ J#fl `«~åfi`«
PÜ«∞# D PÜ«∞`ü ѨiîOKå~°∞. (ã¨∞#<≥ ui‡r – Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü P^è•~°OQÍ).
68. =Úã≤¡=ÚŠѨ@¡ Ü«¸^Œ∞Ö’¡ QÆÅ Jã¨∂Ü«∞‰õΩ, "≥·~°ÉèÏ"åxH˜ Wk „Ѩu~°∂ѨO. D
253
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
70 ''F „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞
ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞`«∞ʼnõΩ ™êH˜∆QÍ
LO_ç ‰õÄ_® "å\˜x ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ u~°ã¨¯
iã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞?——69
71 ''„QÆO^äŒO HõÅ F „Ѩ[ÖÏ~å! `≥eã≤
‰õÄ_® g∞~°∞ ã¨`åºxH˜ Jã¨`«ºÑ¨Ù ~°OQÆ∞
ѨÙeq∞ ^•xx ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ J#∞=∂<åã¨Ê^ŒO
KÕ™êÎ~°∞? (L^ÕÌâ◊ºÑ¨Ó~°fiHõOQÍ) ã¨`åºxfl
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ HõÑÊ≤ ѨÙK«∞Û`«∞<åfl~°∞??——70
"≥~· É° Ïè =O =¸ÅOQÍ<Õ "å~°∞ =Úã≤=¡ ÚÅ#∞ JѨ=∂~åæxH˜ Ö’#∞ K≥Ü∞« ºE¿ã"å~°∞.
x*ÏxH˜ D q^èŒOQÍ "å~°∞ `«=∞efl `å"Õ∞ ÃÑ_»„`À=Ö’ Ѩ_»"Õã¨∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°h,
ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ "åiH˜ ‰õÄ_® P q+¨Ü«∞O `≥eÜ«∞@O ÖË^Œx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ÃÇÏK«Ûiã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞.
69. JO>Ë =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) ã¨`«º ã¨O^Õâ◊ǨÏ~°∞_»h, PÜ«∞# (ã¨) K≥|∞`«∞#fl^ŒO`å
"åã¨Î==∞h `≥eã≤ ‰õÄ_® g∞~°∞ PÜ«∞xfl u~°ã¨¯iã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞.
70. Ü«¸^Œ∞Ö’¡ u+¨ª"Õã≤# Ô~O_»∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ <Õ~åÅ∞ ~ÚHõ¯_» "ÕÖˇuÎ K«∂Ѩ|_®¤~Ú.
1. ^è~Œ å‡^è~Œ å‡Å#∞, ã¨`åºã¨`åºÅ#∞ HõÅQÍѨÙÅQÆO KÕã≤ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ ã¨`º« "Õ∞^À ã¨Ê+¨Oì QÍ
É’^èŒÑ¨_»‰õΩO_® KÕÜ«∞@O. 2. x*Ïxfl ^•K«@O. JO>Ë `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^äŒOÖ’
=ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) „Ѩ=HõÎ QÆ∞iOz ã¨∂zOK«|_ç# P#"åà◊#¡ ∞ [#∞ʼnõΩ `≥eÜ«∞‰õΩO_®
^•zÃÑ@ì_O» . Hõhã¨O D q^èOŒ QÍ#~Ú<å =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) ã¨`º« „Ѩ=HõÎ J#fl q+¨Ü∞« O
|Ç≤Ï~°æ`«O H͉õΩO_® LO_®Å#flk "åi Jã¨Å∞ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO. D Ô~O_»∞ JѨ~å^è•Å‰õΩ
^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»=∞x "åiH˜ D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ `åH©^∞Œ KÕÜ∞« _»O [iyOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
D Ô~O_»∞ <Õ~åʼnõΩ "å~°∞ |∞kúѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ áêÅÊ_Õ"å~°∞. D ѨxH˜ X_çQÆ\ ˜ì "å~°∞
`«=∞ ^Ò~åƒùQͺxfl =∞iO`«QÍ ÃÑOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. |Y~å ã¨∂~åÖ’ ‰õÄ_®, ''`≥eã‘
ã¨`åºxfl Jã¨`º« O`À HõeÑ≤"Ü Õ ∞« HõO_ç, ã¨`åºxfl ^•K«HOõ _ç—— Jx "åix =∞O^ŒeOK«@O
[iyOk (PÜ«∞`«∞ <≥O. 42). WHõ¯_» „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ∞ J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO Ü«¸^Œ∞Å`Àáê@∞,
„ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® =iÎã¨∞ÎO^Œx H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞ ÉèÏqã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. JO>Ë D
<Õ~åʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»=∞x P W~°∞=~åæÅ "åiH© „ѨɒkèOK«@O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl^Œx
"åi Jaè„áêÜ«∞O. =∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ =∞n<åÖ’ x=ã≤Oz#
Ü«¸^Œ`≥QÆÅ∞ |#∂ Y∞Ô~·[, |#∂ #r~ü, |#∂ Mˇ·#∞MÏʼnõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ D
PÜ«∞`«∞ =iÎã¨∞ÎOk. D z=i Jaè„áêÜ«∞"Õ∞ ã¨Ô~·#k. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë =Úã≤¡OŠѨ@¡
254
28 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
72 „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’x XHõ =~°æO WÖÏ
J#flk : ''qâ◊fiã≤Oz#"åiÃÑ· J=`«iO
z# ^•xx L^ŒÜ«∞O qâ◊fiã≤Oz,
™êÜ«∞O„`«O u~°ã¨¯iOK«O_ç. |Ǩïâß
WÖÏQÆ~Ú<å "å~°∞ =∞~°eáÈ`åˆ~"≥∂!——71
73 ''g∞~°∞ g∞ ^è~Œ å‡xfl J#∞ã¨iOKÕ"åix
`«Ñ¨Ê "ÕÔ~=ih #=∞‡=^Œ∞Ì——72 (Jx
JO\Ï~°∞). (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ѨC :
''xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ K«∂¿Ñ =∂~°æ"Õ∞
ã¨<å‡~°Oæ .——73 („QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÅ∞ `«=∞ "åiH˜
WOHÍ D q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õÄ_® #∂iáÈ™êÎ~∞° )
<Õ~°∞QÍ "≥·~° "≥·Yix „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«@OÖ’ ZšѨC_»∂ JO^ŒiHõO>Ë =ÚO^Œ∞O_Õk D
=¸_»∞ `≥QÆÖË.
71. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ‰õΩ\˜Å Ѩ<åflQÍÖ’¡ =∞~˘Hõ Ѩ<åflQÆO Wk. nx^•fi~å "å~°∞ =Úã≤¡OÅ#∞
ã¨<å‡~°æO #∞Oz `«Ñ≤ÊOK«\ÏxH˜ „Ѩܫ∞uflOKÕ"å~°∞. „á⁄^Œ∞Ì# ѨÓ@ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞QÍ
=∂i ™êÜ«∞O„`«O ѨÓ@ W™ê¡O#∞ q_»<å_»∞`«∂ LO>Ë =Úã≤O¡ Å ta~åÖ’¡ HõÅ=~°O
ˆ~ÔH`«∞Î`«∞Ok. W™ê¡O ^èŒ~°‡OÖ’ U"À Ö’áêÅ∞O_»@O =ÖË¡ [#∞Å∞ WÖÏ uiy
áÈ`«∞<åflˆ~"≥∂! J#fl J#∞=∂#Ѩ٠c*ÏÅ∞ "åiÖ’ <å@∞‰õΩO\Ï~Ú Jx H˘O`«=∞Ok
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ D ‰õΩ\˜Å Ѩ<åflQÍxfl Ѩ<åfl~°∞.
72. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ `«=∞Ö’ `å=Ú K≥ÑC¨ ‰õΩ#fl =∂@eq – ÃÑH· ˜ =∂„`«O g∞~°∞ =Úã≤O¡ Å∞QÍ
#\˜OK«O_ç. HÍx ֒Ѩe#∞Oz =∂„`«O g∞~°∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞QÍ<Õ LO_»O_ç. g∞~°∞ g∞
^èŒ~°‡OÃÑ·<Õ LO_®e. W`«~°∞Å =∂@ʼnõΩ „ѨÉèÏq`«O HÍ~å^Œ∞.
73. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ã¨OÉèÏ+¨}Å QÆ∞iOz K≥|∞`«∂ =∞^躌 Ö’ ǨÏ~îå`«∞QÎ Í 'Y∞Öò W#fl Ǩï^ŒÖÏ¡ÇÏ≤
Ǩï=Öò Ǩï^•— („Ѩ=HÍÎ! K≥ÃÑÊ~Úº. xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ K«∂¿Ñ =∂~°"æ ∞Õ ã¨<å‡~°Oæ )
J#fl "åHõºO fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=@O áê~î°‰õΩʼnõΩ qz„`«OQÍ#∂, ÃÑ·QÍ Jk Jã¨O^Œ~°ƒù"≥∞ÿ#
"åHõºOQÍ#∂ JxÑ≤OK«=K«∞Û. g\˜<Õ 'A"≥∞¡ =¸`«i*Ï— (Jã¨O^Œ~°ƒù "åHͺÅ∞)
Jx JO\Ï~°∞. q+¨Ü∞« „Ѩ"åǨÏO =∞^躌 Ö’, W@∞=O\˜ "åHͺÅ#∞ qq^èŒ L^ÕâÌ ßÅ`À
"å_»@O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. WHõ¯_» Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ‰õΩO\˜™ê‰õΩÅ#∞, ‰õΩ\˜Å Ѩ<åflQÍÅ#∞
ã¨Ê+‘ìHõiOKÕ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À WÖÏ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. JO>Ë ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ "åÔ~xfl =∂Ü≥∂
áêÜ«∂Å∞ KÕã≤<å, Zxfl J=~À^è•Å#∞ HõeÊOz<å ^•x=Å¡ "å\˜ÖË¡ #+¨ìO Ug∞
255
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 12
Pre-f
''g∞‰õΩ "˘ã¨QÆ|_ç#^Õ74 "ÕÔ~=iHõ~Ú<å
"˘ã¨QÆ|_ç LO_»=K«Ûh, ÖËHõ "å~°∞ g∞
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’ g∞‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ
"åk™êÎ~°x (g∞~°∞ ZO`«=∂„`«O J#∞HÀ
HõO_ç).—— F „Ѩ=HÍÎ! "åi`À J#∞:
''J#∞„QÆǨÅhfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ KÕuÖ’
L<åfl~Ú. PÜ«∞# `å#∞ HÀi# "åiH˜
"å\˜x W™êÎ_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Q˘Ñ¨Ê qã¨Î $u
HõÅ"å_»∞, Jhfl `≥eã≤#"å_»∞.——
74 ''PÜ«∞# `å#∞ HÀi# "åix `«#
HÍ~°∞}ºO H˘~°‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºH˜OK«∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞.
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Q˘Ñ¨Ê J#∞„QÆǨÏO HõÅ"å_»∞.——75
LO_»^Œ∞, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `å#∞ HÀi#"åiH˜ =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO =Ç≤ÏOz f~åÎ_»∞ Jx nx
ÉèÏ=O.
74. Wk ‰õÄ_® Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ K≥ѨC‰õΩ#fl =∂>Ë. JO>Ë – g∞ =~°æOÖ’ ^≥·=^Ò`«º Ѩ~°OѨ~°
L#fl>Ë¡, W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO ÅaèOK«=K«∞Û Hõ^•! Ü«¸^Œ∞Å =∂kiQÍ<Õ
W`«~∞° Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ã¨`º« OÃÑ· LO_»=K«∞Û Hõ^•! ÖÏO\˜ =∂@Å∞ "å~°∞ g∞‰õΩ K≥|∞`åˆ~"≥∂!
HÍx g∞~°∞ =∂„`«O "åi =∂@efl #=∞‡HõO_ç Jx Ü«¸^Œ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ `«=∞ "åiH˜
#∂iáÈâß~°#fl=∂@!
75. D PÜ«∞`«∞‰õΩ Ô~O_»∞ J~å÷Å∞<åfl~Ú. XHõ\˜: á⁄^≥̉õΩ¯`«∞#fl ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ g∞~°∞
W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOz á⁄^Œ∞Ì QÆ∂‰õΩ`«∞O_»QÍ P =∞`«O #∞Oz =∞~°eá⁄O_ç. g∞~°∞ WÖÏ
KÕÜ«∞@O =Å¡ "≥Ú^Œ\˜#∞Op W™ê¡OÃÑ· ã≤÷~°OQÍ L#fl =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® JÜ≥∂
=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Ѩ_çáÈ~Ú `«=∞ ^èŒ~°‡O #∞Oz uiyáÈÜÕ∞ J=HÍâ◊O LOk Jx Ü«¸^Œ
ѨO_ç`∞« Å∞ `«=∞ J#∞K«~° =~åæxH˜ <Õ~ˆ Ê"å~°∞. "å~°∞ `«=∞ t+¨µºÅ‰õΩ ~ÚOHÍ U=∞x
K≥¿ÑÊ"å~°O>ˆ g∞~°∞ <å=∞HÍ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞QÍ LO_®e. x[OQÍ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ J~ÚáÈ
‰õÄ_»^Œ∞ ã¨∞=∂! "åã¨Î"åxH˜ g∞~°∞ =∞#ã¨∂ÊùiÎQÍ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞QÍ<Õ LO_®e. ^èŒ~°‡O,
^≥·=ã¨O^Õâ◊O, +¨sÜ«∞`«∞, ^Õ=Ùx „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Hõ$Ѩ =∂‰õΩ "˘ã¨QÆ|_ç#>Ë¡ J#∞ºÅ‰õÄ
"˘ã¨Q|Æ _ç LO_»=K«∞ÛHõ^•! =∂ÖψQ J#∞ºÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® ã¨`º« =∂~°Oæ ÃÑ· LO_»=K«∞ÛHõ^•!
"å~°∞ ~ˆ Ѩ\˜ ~ÀA# ^≥=· ã¨=∞HõO∆ Ö’ =∂‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ "åkOz =∞=∞‡efl ^À+¨µÅ∞QÍ
xÅn™êΈ~"≥∂ Hõ^•! Jx PÖ’zOz P PÖ’K«<å „Ñ¨"åǨÏOÖ’ H˘@∞ì‰õΩáÈ`åˆ~"≥∂!
256
29 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
75 „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’ H˘O^Œ~°∞ ZÖÏO\˜
"å~°O>Ë, h=Ù "åi =^ŒÌ XHõ
ÃÑ^ŒÌ ^è#Œ ~åtx J=∂#`«∞QÍ ÃÑ\˜<ì åã¨~ˆ ,
"å~° ∞ ^•xfl h‰õ Ω uiy WKÕ Û ™êÎ ~ ° ∞ .
"åiÖ’ =∞i H˘O^Œ~°∞ ‰õÄ_® L<åfl~°∞.
"åÔ~ÖÏO\˜ "å~°O>Ë #∞=Ùfi "åiH˜ XHõ¯
n<å~° ∞ #∞ JѨ Ê yOz<å "å~° ∞ uiy
W=fi~°∞ – #∞=Ùfi "åi <≥ugÎ ∞^Œ xÅ∞ÛO>Ë
`«Ñ¨Ê! ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ''x~°Hõ∆~° ‰õΩ‰õ∆ΩÅ
(Ü«¸^Õ`«~°∞Å) ǨωõΩ¯ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’
=∞=∞‡efl xÅnÜ«∞@O [~°QÆ^Œ∞—— Jx
"å~°∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê L<åfl~°∞. g~°∞ `≥eã≤ ‰õÄ_®
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ J|^•úxfl Páêkã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞.76
*Ï„QÆ`!Ϋ JÖÏO\˜ `≥eq`«‰Ωõ ¯= Ѩx KÕÜ∞« HõO_ç... D ÉèÏ=OÖ’ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë =∞^躌 Ö’
=zÛ# 'A"≥∞¡ =¸`«i*Ï— (Jã¨O^Œ~°ƒù "åHõºO) q∞#Ǩ ''„ѨÉèí∞=Ù ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’
x"ÕkOK«∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞!—— J<Õ "åHõºO =~°‰õΩ Jq Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ K≥ѨC‰õΩ#fl =∂@Å∞QÍ<Õ
ѨiQÆ}O˜ K«|_»`å~Ú.
Ô~O_»∞ : WHõ Ô~O_»= ÉèÏ=OÖ’ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü«¸^Œ∞ʼnõΩ D q^èŒOQÍ
„ѨɒkèOz#@¡=Ù`«∞Ok : F Ü«¸^Œ∞ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ ã¨`åºxfl J}z"Õ¿ã L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À
D ‰õΩ„@Å∞ Ѩ#∞fl`«∞<åfl~°∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë g∞‰õΩ W=fi|_ç#@∞=O\˜ q^Œº, J#∞„QÆÇϨ O,
=Ç‘Ï, +¨sJ`«∞, ^èŒ~°‡O "Õi`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® W=fi|_çO^Õ! J#fl Jã¨∂Ü«∂yflÖ’
g∞~°∞ ^ŒÇ≤ÏOK«∞‰õΩáÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. D ã¨`«º"Õ∞ QÆ#Hõ Éèí∂=∞O_»ÅOÖ’ „"Õà◊¥¡#∞‰õΩO>Ë
WѨÊ\˜=~°‰õÄ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ g∞‰õΩ QÆÅ PkèѨ`«ºO ZHõ¯_» KÕ*ÏiáÈ`«∞O^À##fl
PO^Àà◊# g∞Ö’ LOk. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞, WѨÊ\˜=~°‰õÄ ã¨`åºxfl ^•zÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ g∞~°∞
KÕã¨∞Î#fl ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 Ü«∞`åflÅ∞ ZHõ¯_» |@ì|Ü«∞Å=Ù`åÜ≥∂##fl ÉèíÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_® g∞
PO`«~åºÖ’¡ LOk. ^èŒ~°‡O =∞iÜ«Ú +¨sÜ«∞`«∞ ˆH=ÅO ^≥·=Hõ\ÏHõ∆=∞h, Wq Z=i
"å~°ã¨`«fi=¸ HÍ=h, ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `å#∞ HÀi# "åix Hõ\ÏH˜∆Oz "åiH˜ ã¨<å‡~°æÉèÏQƺO
„Ѩ™êk™êÎ_»#fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl g∞~°∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë ZO`« ÉÏ=ÙO_Õk!
76. 'Lq∞‡~¸º<£— (x~°Hõ∆~° ‰õΩ‰õ∆ΩÅ∞) JO>Ë K«^Œ∞=Ù~åx"å~°∞, J*Ï˝#∞Å∞ Jx J~°÷O.
JO>Ë Jˆ~aÜ«∂Ö’x =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å#∞^ÕÌtºOz Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ D Ѩ^ŒO "å_®~°∞.
257
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
76 ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ xÅnÜ«∞@O [~°QÆ^Œ∞?
("åix xÅnÜ«∞@O MÏÜ«∞O). J~Ú`Õ
WzÛ# =∂@#∞ xÅ∞ѨىõΩx, ÉèÜ í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ
"≥Y· ix J=ÅOa¿ã,Î JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ÉèÜ í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ ∞
77
QÆÅ"åix „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞.
77 Z=~°~Ú`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åQÍÌ<åxfl, `«=∞
„Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ#∞ H˘kÌáê\˜ =¸ÖϺxH˜
J=Ú‡‰õΩO\Ï~À JÖÏO\˜ "åiH˜ Ѩ~°
Ö’HõOÖ’ U ÉèÏQÆ=¸ ÖË^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
"åix „Ѩà◊Ü«∞k<å# ѨÅHõiOK«@O
QÍh, "åi =OHõ K«∂_»@OQÍh KÕÜ∞« _»∞.
"åix Ѩiâ◊√^ŒúѨ~°K«_»∞. ÃÑ·QÍ "åi
HÀã¨O ÉÏ^è•Hõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ tHõ∆ LO@∞Ok.78
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ JѨÊyO`«Ö’¡ „^ÀǨxH˜ áêÅÊ_Õ"å~°∞. `å=Ú XHõ"Õà◊ u<åfl =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å
™⁄=Ú‡ uO@∞<åfl=Ú QÆ#Hõ Jk `«=∞ H˘~°‰õΩ ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"Õ∞##flk "åi L"åK«.
"å~°∞ K≥¿ÑÊ D =∂@ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ J|^•úxfl JO@QÆ@ì_»"Õ∞. Z=i ™⁄=Ú‡#~Ú<å
J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ ™êfiǨ KÕÜ«∞=K«Ûx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ZÖÏ JO\Ï_»∞? H˘xfl Y∞~üP<£ "åºMϺ
<åÅÖ’ QÆÅ LÖË¡Y<åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ‰õÄ_® Ü«¸^Œ∞Å D =∂@efl
qx D q^èŒOQÍ =Hͯ}˜OKå~°∞ : ''^≥·=q~À^èŒ∞Å∞ J|^ŒúO K≥áêÊ~°∞. J*Ï˝# HÍÅO
<å\˜ WÖÏO\˜ JǨÏOÉèÏ"åÅhfl <å áê^•Å „H˜O^Œ L<åfl~Ú–JѨÊyO`«Å∞ (J=∂#
`«∞Å∞) `«Ñʨ . Jq Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤u÷ Ö’#∂ K≥eO¡ K«|_»`å~Ú. P J=∂#`«∞Å∞ =∞Oz"åi
"≥·<å㨈~, ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞æÅq J~Ú<å 㨈~ ("åiH˜ =Ú@ì*ˇÑ¨Ê |_»`å~Ú)—— (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü,
Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
D ~°Hõ=∞~Ú# =∂@efl <Õ\ ˜ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® H˘O^Œ~°∞ JO@∂ LO_»@O Hõ_»∞
â’K«hÜ«∞O. =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å ™⁄=Ú‡efl Hõ|oOKÕ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À "å~°∞ '^•~°∞Öò ǨÏ~üƒ—
(=Úã≤O¡ Å∞ Ü«Ú^ŒOú KÕã∞¨ #Î fl ^ÕâO◊ )Ö’ =_ô¤ fã¨∞HÀ=K«Ûh, 'ǨÏ~°c— ^Õâã◊ ∞¨ Å÷ ™⁄=Ú‡#∞
Hõ|oOK«@O `«Ñ¨C HÍ^Œx JO\Ï~°∞. Wk ã¨iHÍ^Œ∞. ÃÑ·# ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ
„Ѩ=K«#O D Jaè„áêÜ«∂xfl YO_çã¨∞Î#flk.
77. WzÛ# =∂@#∞ xÅ∞ѨÙHÀ=@O JO>ˆ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«
=Åã≤OkQÍ „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ #∞Oz ÖË^• „Ѩ=HõÎÅ ^•fi~å "åi J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅ #∞Oz
258
30 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
78 "åiÖ’x =∞iH˘O^Œ~°∞ „QÆO^ä•xfl
Ѩiîã¨∂Î `«=∞ <åÅ∞HõÅ#∞ „uѨC`å~°∞ –
Jk „QÆO^äŒOÖ’x ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞ Jx g∞~°∞
ÉèÏqOKåÅ#fl L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À "å~°ÖÏ
KÕ™êÎ~∞° . HÍx "åã¨"Î åxH˜ Jk „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’
JO`«~åƒùQÆO HÍ<ÕHÍ^Œ∞. ''Jk JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞Oz =zÛ#k—— Jx "å~°∞
JO\Ï~°∞. J~Ú`Õ Ü«∞^•~å÷xH˜ Jk
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù #∞O_ç =zÛ#k HÍ^Œ∞.
"å~°∞ L^ÕÌâ◊º ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
Jã¨`åºxfl JO@QÆ_∞» `«∞<åfl~°∞.79
fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl "åQÍÌ<åxfl <≥~"° ~Õ Û° @O. ÉèÜ
í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ "≥Y· ix J=ÅOaOK«@=∞O>Ë ^Õ=Ù_»∞
x¿+kèOz# q+¨Ü«∂Å *’eH˜ áȉõΩO_® LO_»@O =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)
PK«iOK«=∞x K≥Ñ≤Ê#"å\˜x PK«iOK«@O. WÖÏO\˜ ã¨[˚#∞Å∞ ^Õ=Ùx Ѩ@∞ìÖ’H˜
~å~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ "å~°∞ ^≥·=„Ñ‘uH˜ áê„`«∞Å=Ù`å~°∞.
78. WO^Œ∞Ö’ ~Ô O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ ^Œ∞~°#˚ ∞Å „Ѩ™êÎ=# LOk. XHõ~∞° : ^≥=· O`À KÕã#≤ "åQÍÌ<åxfl,
`«=∞ „Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ#∞ PO`«~°ºOÖ’ J}zÃÑ>Ëìã≤, ã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ x~åHõiOz#"å~°∞. Ô~O_À"å~°∞ : J|^ŒúѨÙ
„Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ∞ KÕã≤ `«=∞ ã¨~°∞‰õΩ#∞ J"Õ∞‡"å~°∞† W`«~°∞Å ™⁄=Ú‡#∞ ™êfiǨ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞.
ǨÏnã¨∞ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜ "åà◊¡ „Ѩ™êÎ=# LOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞
=ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) WÖÏ „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞ : ''Z=~°~Ú`Õ W`«~°∞Å ™⁄=Ú‡#∞ Hõ|oOKÕ
L^ÕâÌ O◊ `À J|^ŒÑú Ù¨ „Ѩ=∂}O KÕ™êÎ_À J`«_∞» P„QÆÇϨ Ÿ^Œ„QÆ∞_≥=· Ù#fl ã≤u÷ Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ #∞
HõÅ∞ã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs – H˜`å|∞Öò =∞™êMÏ`ü† ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O –
H˜`å|∞Öò D=∂<£). PÜ«∞# (ã¨Jã¨O) WOHÍ D q^èOŒ QÍ „Ѩ=zOKå~°∞ : ''=ÚQÆ∞~æ ∞°
=º‰õΩÅÎ `À JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =∂\Ï¡__» ∞» , "åi =OHõ Hõ<fl≥ uÎ ‰õÄ_® K«∂_»_∞» . "åix Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞eú fl
KÕÜ«∞_»∞. ÃÑ·QÍ "åiH˘~°‰õΩ =º^è•Éèíi`«=∞~Ú# tHõ∆ ã≤^ŒúOQÍ LO@∞Ok – "åiÖ’
XHõ_»∞ J|^ŒúѨ٠„Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ∞ KÕã≤ `«# ã¨~°‰õΩ#∞ J"Õ∞‡"å_»∞—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O –
H˜`å|∞Öò D=∂<£) WOHÍ J<ÕHõ ǨÏnã¨∞ÅÖ’ D q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ „Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =KåÛ~Ú
(Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü, Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
79. Ü«¸^Œ∞Ö’¡x ѨO_ç`« =~°Oæ Wk. "å~°∞ ^≥=· „QÆO^ä"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ `Ò~å`«∞Ö’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ KÕ~∞° ÊÅ∞
259
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
79 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ U =∞x+≤Hõ~Ú<å „QÆO^ä•hfl,
q"ÕHÍhfl, „Ѩ=HõΠѨ^Œqx (#|∞=fi`ü#∞)
„Ѩ™êkOz# g∞^Œ@ ‰õÄ_® 'g∞~°∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =^ŒeÃÑ\˜ì <å‰õΩ ^•ã¨∞Å∞
HõO_ç— Jx J`«_»∞ „Ѩ[Ö`À J#@O
ZO`«=∂„`«O `«QÆ^Œ∞. ^•xH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞,
'g∞~°O`å „Ñ¨Éèí∞=Ù "åÔ~·áÈO_ç—80Jx
J`«_»<åe. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë g∞~°∞
„QÆO^ä•xfl <Õˆ~Ê "å~°=@O KÕ`«#∂,
„QÆO^ä•xfl K«k"Õ "å~°=@O KÕ`«#∂81
(g∞~°∞ g∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù "å~°=@"Õ∞ ^èŒ~°‡O).
KÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞QÍHõ =∞~À Ô~O_»∞ JѨ~å^è•Å‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® X_çQÆ\Ïì~°∞. XHõ>Ë=∞O>Ë "å~°∞
„QÆO^ä•xfl Ѩiîã¨∞Î#flѨC_»∞ <åÅ∞Hõ#∞ „uÑ≤Ê LKåÛ~°}Ö’ =∂~°∞Ê =KÕÛÖÏ KÕ¿ã"å~°∞.
P q^èŒOQÍ XHõ q+¨Ü«∞O ^ŒfiO^•fi~å÷ʼnõΩ `å=Ù WKÕÛÖÏ KÕÜ«∞@OÖ’ Hõ$`«Hõ$`«∞ºÅ∞
HÍQÆeˆQ"å~°∞. Ô~O_»=^Õ=∞O>Ë, `å=Ú ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ HõeÊOz# q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ [#∞Å∞
^≥·=„áÈHõÎOQÍ ÉèÏqOKÕÖÏ Jaè#~ÚOKÕ"å~°∞.
^Œ∞~°^$Œ +ì̈=âß`«∂Î =Úã≤O¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜ „Ѩ|∞^Œ∞Åú ∞ ѨÙ@∞ì‰Ωõ =KåÛ~°∞.
''g∞~°∞ g∞ ѨÓsfi‰õΩÅ J_»∞QÆ∞*Ï_»Ö’¡ #_»∞™êÎ~°∞—— J#fl =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
(ã¨) "åi Éèíq+¨º"å}˜x ™êHÍ~°O KÕã¨∂Î "å~°∞ „áêѨOzHõ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞, `«=∞
=~°æ ([=∂J`ü) ^Œ∞~°aè=∂#O, `«=∞ Ѷ≤HõÇπÏѨ@¡ q∞ug∞i# Jaè=∂#O HÍ~°}OQÍ
k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’x P^ÕâßÅ =∞`«Å|∞Å∞ fÜ«∞@OÖ’ "åã¨Î"åʼnõΩ |Ǩï^Œ∂~°OQÍ
"≥o§áÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. g~°∞ k=º Y∞~üP<£ PÜ«∞`«∞Å<≥·`Õ Ñ¨iî™êÎ~°∞. HÍx `å`«Ê~°ºO
K≥¿ÑÊ@ѨC_»∞ =∂„`«O `«=∞ Jaè=∞`«O "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ "≥ÚyæáÈ`å~°∞. `«=∞ =∞øbfi ™êÃÇÏ|∞
k=º Y∞~üP<£ "≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ q+¨Ü∂« xfl qâ◊nHõiOKå~°x ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ[Å∞ `«ÅáÈã¨∞OÎ
\Ï~°∞. HÍx x*ÏxH˜ "å~°∞ q_»=∞~°z K≥ÑÊ≤ #^ŒO`å Y∞~üP<£ ã¨∂ÊùiHÎ ˜ q~°∞^ŒOú QÍ#∂,
`«=∞ =∞<ÀHõeÊ`« PÖ’K«#‰õΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ#∂ LO@∞Ok. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞#efl
"å\˜#∞Oz ~°H˜∆OK«∞QÍHõ!
80. D "åHõºO „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ#∞ L^ÕÌtOz K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "å~°∞ Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î
(D™ê JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO)#∞ ^≥·=OQÍ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. =∞i D™ê XHõ =∂#==∂„`«∞_Õ.
HÍHõáÈ`Õ PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ^≥·=„QÆO^äŒO, q"ÕHõO`À áê@∞ „Ѩ=HõΠѨ^Œq "˘ã¨QÆ|_çOk.
J@∞=O\˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ Z=~°∂, x[^≥·"åxfl =^ŒeÃÑ\˜ì `«# Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞QÍ =∂iá⁄=∞‡x
260
31 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
80 ^Œ∂`«Å#∞, „Ѩ=HõÅÎ #∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =ÙÅ∞QÍ
KÕã¨∞HÀ=∞x J`«_»∞ g∞‰õΩ Z#fl\˜H©
P^ÕtOK«(ÖË)_»∞. Uq∞\©, g∞~°∞ =Úã≤=¡ Ú
Å~Ú# g∞^Œ@ ‰õÄ_® J`«_»∞ q∞=∞‡efl
Jqâßfi™êxH˜ áêÅÊ_»=∞x P*Ï˝
Ñ≤™êÎ_®?82 (Wk Jã¨OÉèí=O).
Z#fl\˜H© J#_»∞. g∞~°∞ g∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù "å~°Å∞ J=O_ç Jx =∂„`«"Õ∞ J`«#∞ Ñ≤Å∞ѨÙ
~Ú™êÎ_»∞. '~°Éσh— JO>Ë „ѨÉèí∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∞x+≤ Jx J~°÷O. ~°Éò („ѨÉèí∞=Ù)
=∞iÜ«Ú 'W—("å_»∞) J<Õ ~Ô O_»∞ Ѩ^•Å ã¨OÜ≥∂QÆO`À '~°Éσh— U~°Ê_çOk (Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò
Yn~ü).
81. JO>Ë „QÆO^ä*Œ Ï˝<åxfl QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ É’kèOKÕ "å~°=@OKÕ`« "å~°∞ KåÖÏ `«fi~°QÍ
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åeûOk. „ѨÉèí∞=Ù`À „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ã¨O|O^èŒO ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ"åeûOk.
JÖψQ „QÆO^äŒO QÆ∞iOz `≥eã≤=Ù#fl"å~°∞ [#∞ʼnõΩ k=º Y∞~üP<£ „Ѩɒ^èŒ#Å#∞
qxÑ≤OKÕ tHõ}∆ W=fi@O J=ã¨~O° . `«=∞#∞ ѨÓlOK«=∞x „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ K≥¿ÑÊ JkèHÍ~°O
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎňH ÖË#ѨÙ_»∞ =∞~˘HõiH˜ =∂„`«O P ǨωõΩ¯, JkèHÍ~°O ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ
„áêÑ≤ΙêÎ~Ú? (`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
82. JO>Ë „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞QÍh, ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å#∞QÍh, =∞Ô~=i#~Ú<åQÍh ^≥·=OQÍ<À, ^≥·=O
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ ѨÙ}˜H˜ ѨÙK«∞Û‰õΩ#fl"å~°<À #=∞‡|ÅHõ@O ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (Jqâßfiã¨O)`À
‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl Ѩx. J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ g∞~°∞ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ J~ÚáÈ~Ú# g∞^Œ@ XHõ
„Ѩ=HõÎ JO`«\˜"å_»∞ WÖÏO\˜ Jqâßfi㨠áÈHõ_»‰õΩ ZÖÏ áêÅÊ_»`å_»∞? ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
™ê\˜ÖËx „ѨÉèí∞"≥·# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ „Ѩ[Å#∞ PǨfixOK«@"Õ∞ „Ѩ=HõΠѨ<åÜ≥∞!
=∞i H˘O`«=∞Ok Y∞~üP<£ "åºMϺ`«Å∞ D =K«#O <ÕÑ^¨ ºŒä O QÆ∞iOz WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞:
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)‰õΩ áê^•aè=O^Œ#O (ã¨*ÏÌ) KÕ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ J#∞=∞uOK«=∞x
H˘O`«=∞Ok =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ J#∞=∞u HÀ~°QÍ D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò
Yn~ü). =∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok Jaè„áêÜ«∞O „ѨHÍ~°O† Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ãÎ̈=ÙÅ∞ LÉèíÜ«ÚÅ∂
HõÅã≤ =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ XHõ „Ѩuáê^Œ# fã¨∞‰õΩ=KåÛ~°∞. ''„ÔHã· =Ψ ÙÅ∞
Uã¨∞„H©ã¨∞Î#∞ P~åkèã¨∞Î#fl@∞¡QÍ "Õ∞=Ú ‰õÄ_® `«=∞ix P~åkèOKåÖÏ?—— J#flk P
„Ѩuáê^Œ#. ^•xH˜ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ(ã¨) WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞: ''=∞#O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =^Œe "Õ~˘Hõ
ix ѨÓlOK«@=∂?! WÖÏO\˜ =∂@Å #∞Oz <Õ#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ â◊~}° ∞ "Õ_∞» `«∞<åfl#∞.
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ##∞fl ѨOÑ≤OzOk WÖÏO\˜ ã¨O^Õâ◊O W=fi\ÏxH˜ HÍ^Œ∞.—— D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’
D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü – ã‘~°`ü Wɡfl Ç≤Ïëê"£∞ P^è•~°OQÍ).
261
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
81 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«#) „Ѩ=HõÎÅ #∞O_ç
"åQÍÌ#O fã¨∞‰õΩ#flѨC_»∞ ''<Õ#∞ g∞‰õΩ
„QÆO^ä•xfl, q"ÕHÍxfl Xã¨y# `«~∞° "å`«, g∞
=^ŒÌ L#fl ^•xfl ã¨`«º=∞x ^èŒ$gHõiOKÕ
„Ѩ=HõÎ g∞ =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ =¿ãÎ g∞~°∞ `«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_®
J`«xfl qâ◊fiã≤OKåe, J`«xH˜ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞
Ѩ_®e——83 Jx K≥áêÊ_»∞. `«~∞° "å`« PÜ«∞#
''D q+¨Ü∂« xfl g∞~°∞ XѨC‰õΩO@∞<åfl~å?
83. Wk „Ѩ=HõÎÅ #∞O_ç JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl „Ѩ=∂}O. 1. nx „ѨHÍ~°O U ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ
J~Ú<å rqOz LO_»QÍ =∞~À„Ѩ=HõÎ ‰õÄ_® „ѨÉqíè OѨ*Ü Ë ∞« |_ç`Õ =Ú#∞Ѩ\ ˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ
D „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O, W`«xH˜ `À_®Ê@∞#OkOK«@O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i. `«#
rq`«HÍÅOÖ’ „ѨÉèíqOz# „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O XHõ „Ѩ=HõΈH `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i
J~Ú#ѨC_»∞ J`«x J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® P „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O WOÔHO`«
Jx"å~°º"≥∂ PÖ’zOK«O_ç! 2. =∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞ nxH˜ "åºMϺ#OQÍ
WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞: D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ '~°ã¨∂Å∞"£∞ =Úã¨kÌY∞<£— Jx ™ê^è•~°} <å=∞O
„ѨÜ≥∂yOK«|_ç#ѨÊ\˜H© Jk 'J„~°ã¨∂Öò— J<Õ XHõ „Ѩ`ÕºHÍ~°÷OÖ’ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«
|_çOk. JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ^èŒ$gHõ~°} QÆ∞iOz Wk ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk. =Ú#∞Ѩ\ ˜
„Ѩ=HõΊǨÏÜ«∂OÖ’ QÆ#Hõ JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) „ѨÉèíq¿ãÎ "å~°O`å JOu=∞
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz `«=∞ ã¨O^Õâ◊ ÉÏ^茺`«Å#∞ q~°q∞OK«∞HÀ"åe. J~Ú`Õ
"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Jaè„áêÜ«∞OÖ’ D Ô~O_»= Jaè„áêÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_® JO`«s¡#"≥∞ÿ LOk. Hõ#∞Hõ
Y∞~üP<£ PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’x Ѩ^Œ*ÏÅO s`åº "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ÉèÏ="Õ∞ ZO`À ã¨=∞O[ã¨"≥∞ÿ#k.
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) JO^Œ*ãË #≤ *’ºu~°‡Ü«∞"≥∞#ÿ ã¨O^ÕâO◊
`«~°∞"å`« =∞~À *’ºux "≥eyOK«=Åã≤# J=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ WÖÏ =ÙOk:
XHõ™êi Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^äŒOÖ’x ѨÙ@Å#∞ K«^Œ∞=Ù`«∞O_»@O
K«∂z =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) "åi =ÚMÏ~°qO^ŒO P„QÆǨÏO`À HõOkáÈ~ÚOk. P
ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ PÜ«∞# (ã¨Jã¨O) WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞ : ''Z=i KÕuÖ’ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
„áê}=ÚO^À P â◊H=Θ ∞O`«∞x ™êH˜Q∆ Í K≥|∞`«∞<åfl#∞–XHõ"àÕ ◊ =¸™ê (J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO)
Q͈~ „|uH˜ =zÛ<å, g∞~°∞ ##∞fl =^Œe PÜ«∞# "≥O@ "≥o§`Õ, g∞~°∞ JѨ=∂~°æO
áêÅ=Ù`å~°∞—— (=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£ – Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü P^è•~°OQÍ).
"≥Ú`«Îg∞‡^Œ J=QÆ`«=∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë „Ѩà◊Ü«∞k#O =~°‰õÄ =∞ˆ~ „Ѩ=HÍÎ ~åÉ’_»∞.
HÍ|\˜ì =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i. PÜ«∞xfl (ã¨)
J#∞ã¨iOz#ѨÙ_Õ ™êѶ¨ÅºO ã≤kúã¨∞ÎOk. JO`ÕQÍx U W=∂=Ú<À, U Ñ‘~°∞<À,
262
32 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
<Õ#∞ g∞ÃÑ· "≥∂Ñ≤# ÉÏ^躌 `«#∞ ã‘fiHõiã¨∞Î
<åfl~å?—— Jx „ѨtflOK«QÍ ''"Õ∞=Ú XѨC
‰õΩO@∞<åfl=Ú—— Jx JO^Œ~∂° J<åfl~°∞.
''=∞~°~Ú`Õ nxH˜ g∞~°∞ ™ê‰õ∆ΩÅ∞QÍ
LO_»O_ç. g∞`Àáê@∞ <Õ#∂ ™êH˜∆QÍ
LO\Ï#∞—— Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ J<åfl_»∞.
82 nx `«~∞° "å`« ‰õÄ_® Z=~°∞ uiy
áÈ`å~À "åˆ~ Ѩ~°=∞ Jq^èÕÜ«ÚÅ∞.84
83 PHÍâßÅÖ’#∂, Éè∂í q∞Ö’#∂ L#fl
"å~°O`å – `«=∞‰õΩ W+¨ì=Ú<åfl
ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å85 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ q^èÕÜ«∞`«‰õΩ
Hõ@∞ì|_ç LO_»QÍ, g~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^èŒ~å‡xfl
H͉õΩO_® =∞~À ^è~Œ å‡xfl J<Õfi+≤ã∞¨ <Î åfl~å?
Z@ìˆHʼnõΩ "å~°O`å PÜ«∞# "≥·Ñ¨Ù#ˆH
=∞~°eOK«|_»`å~°∞.
U QÆ∞~°∞=Ù<À QÆ∞_ç¤QÍ J#∞ã¨iOK«@O =Å¡, "åi KÕ`«∞Å g∞^Œ 'ɡ·`ü— („Ѩ=∂}O)
KÕÜ∞« @O =Å¡ HÍ^Œ∞. =∞i =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) `«~åfi`« „Ѩ=HõÅÎ JkèHÍ~°"∞Õ K≥Å#¡ ѨC_»∞,
[#™ê=∂<åºxfl `«=∞ q^èÕÜ«ÚÅ∞QÍ =∂~°∞Û‰õΩ<Õ Ç¨Ï‰õΩ¯ W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ZHõ¯_ç #∞Oz
=ã¨∞ÎOk?† 'Wãπ~°∞<£— JO>Ë „Ѩ=∂}O, ÉÏ^茺`« Jx J~°÷O.
84. D "åHõºOÖ’ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ `«k`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ LOk. =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞
„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =zÛ# `«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞xfl HÍ^Œx `«=∞ `«=∞ ^èŒ~å‡ÅÃÑ· áê`«∞‰õΩ
áÈ=@O JO>Ë „Ѩ=HõÎÅ ^•fi~å "åi J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅ #∞Oz ^Õ=Ù_»∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl
„Ѩ=∂}ÏxH˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ „Ѩ=iÎOK«@"Õ∞. HÍQ͆ U *Ïu "åÔ~·<å 㨈~ `«=∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ
KÕã≤# „Ѩ=∂}Ïxfl kèHõ¯i¿ãÎ Jk ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (^èŒ~°‡ u~°™ê¯~°O) J=Ù`«∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì =∞Ǩ
„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) Ѩ@¡ u~°™ê¯~° "≥·Yi ‰õÄ_® '‰õΩ„Ѷπ—QÍ<Õ ÉèÏqOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok.
'Ѷ≤ãπMò— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO WHõ¯_» ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (u~°™ê¯~°O) J<Õ J~°÷OÖ’ "å_»|_çOk. Jã¨Å∞
'Ѷ≤ãπö— JO>Ë áêѨO, Jq^èÕÜ«∞`«† HÍQÍ, =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) QÍi ^≥·=^Ò`åºxfl „`Àã≤
ѨÙK«Û@O ˆH=ÅO áêѨO =∂„`«"Õ∞ HÍ^Œ∞, Jk ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (JO>Ë ^èŒ~°‡ u~°™ê¯~°O, ^≥·=
u~°™ê¯~°O).
85. Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅÖ’ =Ù#fl U =ã¨∞Î"≥·<å㨈~, `«# H˜+¨ì=Ú<åfl ÖˉõΩ<åfl Jk ^•x
263
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
84 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åi`À J#∞ : ''"Õ∞=Ú
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ #∞, =∂ÃÑ· J=`«iOѨ*Ü ˇ ∞« º|_ç#
^•xh qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. WOHÍ W„ÉÏ
Ç‘Ï=Ú, W™ê‡~¸Å∞, WãπǨY∞,
Ü«∂Y∂|∞ÃÑ·, PÜ«∞# ã¨O`å#OÃÑ·
J=`«iOѨ*ˇÜ«∞º|_ç# ^•xh, =¸™ê,
D™ê WOHÍ W`«~° „Ѩ=HõÎʼnõΩ "åi
„ѨÉ∞íè =Ù `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ # "˘ã¨Q|Æ _ç# "å\˜x "Õ∞=Ú
qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú.86 "Õ∞=Ú "åi =∞^茺
ZÖÏO\˜ ÉèË^ŒÉèÏ"åxfl Hõ#|~°K«=Ú.
"Õ∞=Ú PÜ«∞#ˆH q^èÕÜ«ÚÅ=Ú.——
85 Z=~°~Ú<å W™ê¡O#∞ H͉õΩO_® =∞~À
^èŒ~å‡xfl J<Õfi+≤¿ãÎ J`«x ^èŒ~°‡O ã‘fiHõiO
K«|_»^Œ∞. JÖÏO\˜ =ºH˜Î Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’
#+¨ìáÈ~Ú# "åiÖ’ KÕiáÈ`å_»∞.
86 (`˘Å∞`«) qâ◊fiã≤Oz, DÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõÎ
J<Õ q+¨Ü«∞O ã¨`«º"Õ∞#x ™êHõ∆ºO
(‰õÄ_®) ~ÚzÛ, f~å `«=∞ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ ã¨Ê+¨ì
"≥∞#ÿ ã¨∂K«#Å∞ =KÕÛã≤# g∞^Œ@ Jqâßfi
ã¨∞Öˇ·áÈ~Ú# "åiH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨<å‡~°æO
ZÖÏ K«∂ѨÙ`å_»∞? JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ W@∞=O\˜
^Œ∞~å‡~°∞æʼnõΩ ^•i K«∂Ѩ_»∞.
Ѩiq∞`«∞Å#∞ ^•\˜ áÈ=@OQÍh, `«# HÍ~°º Ѩikèx H͉õΩO_® =∞~À Ѩxx KÕÜ∞« @O
QÍh KÕÜ∞« *ÏÅ^Œ∞. =∞i J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ g∞~°∞ P â◊H=Θ ∞O`«∞x ã¨=∞HõO∆ Ö’ `«Å=OK«
\ÏxH˜ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ `«@Ѩ\Ï~Úã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞? `«^∞Œ Ѩi "åHõºOÖ’ „Ѩu „Ѩ=Hõ#Î ∞, JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù #∞Oz J=`«iOz# „Ѩu „QÆO^ä•xfl ZÖÏO\˜ ÉèË^ŒÉèÏ=O ÖˉõΩO_® #=∞‡@O
`«Ñʨ xã¨i Jx K≥ÑÊ≤ , "å\˜x qâ◊fiã≤OK«=Åã≤# f~°∞`≥#∞flÅ#∞ qâ◊nHõiOz# g∞^Œ@,
W™ê¡O `«Ñ¨Ê =∂~åæO`«~°O ÖË^Œh, W`«~°„`å =∂~åæÅ#∞ J#∞ã¨iOz# "åi
<˘ã¨@ #+¨Oì , Ѩ~åÉè=í O =∂„`«"∞Õ edOK«|_ç LO@∞O^Œx ã¨Ê+¨Ñì ~¨ K° @« O [iyOk.
86. JO>Ë, PÜ«∂ HÍÖÏÖ’¡ =zÛ# „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œ~°∂ ã¨`«º=O`«∞Åh, "å~°∞ JO^Œ*Ëã≤#
264
33 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
87 "åi áêѨѶ¨ÅOQÍ "åiÃÑ· JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
âßѨO, ^Œ∂`«Å, ã¨=∞ã¨Î [#∞Å âßѨO
Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok.
88 D (âßѨ„QÆã¨Î) ã≤÷uÖ’ "å~°∞
HõÅHÍÅO LO\Ï~°∞. "åi tHõ∆#∞
`«yOæ K«@OQÍh, "åiH˜ QÆ_∞» =Ù W=fi@O
QÍh [~°QÆ^Œ∞.
89 J~Ú`Õ P `«~°∞"å`« Z=~°∞
ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO K≥Ok, `«=∞ #_»=_çHõ#∞
ã¨ik^Œ∞̉õΩO\Ï~À ("å~°∞ ~°H˜∆OK«|_»
`å~°∞). xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Hõ∆q∞OKÕ
"å_»∞, Hõ~∞° }˜OKÕ"å_»∞.87
ã¨O^Õâ◊O ^≥·=ã¨O^Õâ◊=∞x, "åiÃÑ· J=`«iOz# „QÆO^ä•Å∞, ã¨Ç‘Ïá¶êÅ∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù #∞Oz J=`«iOz#"Õ#x =∞#ã¨∂ÊùiÎQÍ #=∞‡@O J#fl=∂@. J~Ú`Õ
k=º Y∞~üP<£ JOu=∞ ^≥·=„QÆO^äŒO HÍ=@O =Å¡, ^•x ~åHõ`À "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜
„QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’x P^ÕâßÅhfl ~°^~ÌŒ ÚáÈ`å~Ú. WѨC_»∞ Hˆ =ÅO k=º Y∞~üP<£ =∂„`«"∞Õ
PK«~°} Ü≥∂QƺO.
87. D "åHͺxH˜ ѨÓ~°fi~°OQÆO Uq∞@O>Ë =∞n<å‰õΩ K≥Ok# J<åû~°∞ÅÖ’ XHõ =ºH˜Î
^èŒ~°‡„Éèí+¨µì_≥·, =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å`À KÕiáÈÜ«∂_»∞. HÍx `«fi~°Ö’<Õ J`«xH˜ *Ï˝<À^ŒÜ«∞O
J~Ú, ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO`À ‰õΩOzOK«∞‰õΩáÈÜ«∂_»∞. `å#∞ QÆ#Hõ uiy ~°∞A=~°Î#∞_»∞
HÍ^Œe¿ãÎ `«# ѨâßÛ`åÎÑO¨ ã‘fiHÍ~°Ü∂≥ Qƺ=∞=Ù`«∞O^•?! Jã¨Å∞ `«#‰õΩ `ÒÉÏ KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ<Õ
J=HÍâ◊O LO^•? (ǨÏÖò b q∞<£ `Ò|u<£?) Jx =∞~˘Hõi ^•fi~å =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ
(ã¨)#∞ J_çyOKå_»∞. JѨC_»∞ D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk. D PÜ«∞`«∞Å ^•fi~å
É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ XHõ =ÚYº q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë ^èŒ~°‡O #∞Oz =∞~°eáÈ=@O (WiÎ^•^£)
J#flk KåÖÏ ÃÑ^ŒÌ áêѨ"∞Õ . ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë XHõ™êi XHõ q+¨Ü∂« xfl ã¨`º« =∞x Hõ#∞Q˘#fl
Ñ≤=∞‡@ ^•xfl q_»<å_»@=∞O>Ë Jk =∞x+≤Ö’x ^Œ∞~°Ç¨ÏOHÍ~åxH˜, "≥·~°ÉèÏ"åxH˜,
PO`«~°ºOÖ’x JHõ¯ã¨∞‰õΩ „Ѩ|Å `å~å¯}O. D "≥·YiH˜ X_çQÆ\ ˜ì# "åix Hõiî#OQÍ
tH˜O∆ KåeûO^Õ. J~Ú`Õ KÕã#≤ `«ÑC¨ ÃÑ· ã≤Q∞Æ `æ À ‰õΩq∞eáÈ~Ú, z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À ~°∞A=∂~°Oæ
"≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ QÆ#Hõ =∞~°e=¿ãÎ, JÖÏO\˜ "åi q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Hõ∆=∂je Jx
=∞~°∞=~å^Œ∞.
265
3. Pe W„=∂<£ uÖòHõ„~°∞ã¨∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
90 Z=~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz# g∞^Œ@ Jqâßfiã¨
"≥·YiH˜88 X_çQÆ_»`å~À, P `«~°∞"å`«
Jqâßfiã¨OÖ’ =∞iO`« ÃÑK«ÛiÅ∞¡`å~À
"åi ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO ã¨∞`«~å=¸ ã‘fiHõiOK«
|_»^Œ∞. JѨ=∂~°æO áêÖˇ·# "å~°O>Ë
gˆ~.89
91 =∞Ô~=~°∞ Jqâßfi™êxH˜ X_çQÆ\ ˜ì,
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞QÍ<Õ =∞~°}˜OKå~À "åiÖ’
Z=~°~Ú<åã¨~ˆ Éè∂í q∞ xO_® |OQÍ~°O
ã¨=∞iÊOz<å, `«=∞ áêáêxH˜ ѨiǨ
88. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ "åiH˜ qkèOK«|_Õ tHõ∆ q=iOK«|_çOk. ^è~Œ ‡° O #∞Oz =∞~°eáÈ~Ú#
g∞^Œ@ ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO K≥O^Œ‰õΩO_® rq`åO`«O Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞QÍ<Õ LO_ç, Jqâßfiã¨∞
Å∞QÍ<Õ =∞~°}˜Oz# "åiH˜ D tHõ∆ `«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞.
89. rq`åO`«O `«Åa~°∞ã¨∞Å∞QÍ =º=ǨÏiOz QÆ∞O_≥Ö’x „áê}O Q˘O`«∞^•\˜ |Ü«∞\˜H˜
=ã¨∞Î#flѨC_»∞ K≥O^Õ Ñ¨âßÛ`åÎѨO QÆ∞iOz ~ÚHõ¯_» K≥ѨÊ@O [iyOk. x*ÏxH˜
^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«# ѨâßÛ`åÎѨ ã‘fiHÍ~° ^•fi~åxfl ZѨC_»∂ `≥iKÕ LOK«∞`å_»∞. WO`«‰õΩ
=ÚO^Œ∞ =zÛ# PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ ѨâßÛ`åÎÑO¨ ã‘fiHõiOK«|_»∞`«∞O^Œx K≥Ñʨ |_ç# q+¨Ü∞« O
WO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩ|Å x^Œ~°≈#O. JnQÍHõ k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨^Õ Ñ¨^Õ Ñ¨âßÛ`åÎѨ
(`ÒÉÏ) „áê=ÚMϺxfl, ^•x ã‘fiHõ$ux QÆ∞iOz qâ◊^ŒÑ¨~°Kå_»∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ :
1. ''PÜ«∞<Õ `«# ^•ã¨∞Å #∞O_ç ѨâßÛ`åÎáêxfl ã‘fiHõi™êÎ_»∞—— (+¨Ø~å–25).
2. ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜÕ∞ `«# ^•ã¨∞ŠѨâßÛ`åÎáêxfl P"≥∂k™êÎ_»x "åiH˜ `≥eÜ«∞^•?——
(`ÒÉÏ– 104). ǨÏnã¨∞ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® D JOâ◊O ã¨q=~°OQÍ =zÛOk. Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÑ·
PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ =zÛ# ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO =∞~°} Ѷ¨∞_çÜ«∞Ö’¡ K≥O^Õ Ñ¨âßÛ`åÎѨO J#fl=∂@!
W@∞=O\˜ ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO P"≥∂^ŒÜ≥∂QƺO HÍ*ÏÅ^Œ∞. k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’<Õ "Õ~˘HõKÀ@
K≥ѨÊ|_ç#@∞¡ – ''^Œ∞ëê¯~åºÅ‰õΩ X_çQÆ_»∞`«∂ LO_Õ "åiÖ’ Z=iHõ~Ú<å =∞~°}
Ѷ∞¨ _çÜ∞« ^•Ñ¨ÙiOz#ѨÙ_»∞, J`«#∞ '<Õ#∞ ѨâßÛ`åÎÑO¨ K≥O^Œ∞`«∞<åfl#∞— Jx JO\Ï_»∞.
HÍx J`«x ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO P"≥∂kOK«|_»^Œ∞—— (J<£ x™ê – 18). ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ WÖÏ
LOk : ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# ^•ã¨∞xH˜ =∞~°} "≥H˜¯à◊√¡ ~å‰õΩO_® L#flO`« =~°‰õÄ J`«x
ѨâßÛ`åÎáêxfl ã‘fiHõi™êÎ_∞» —— (=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£, ui‡r – ÃÑA
·¶ Öò Yn~ü, JÖò *Ïq∞=Ùã¨û
w~ü q=~°} P^è•~°OQÍ).
266
34 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 3= áê~å
final
~°OQÍ WzÛ<å ã¨~ˆ Jk ã‘fiHÍ~°Ü∂≥ QƺO
J=^Œ∞. =º^è•Éèíi`«"≥∞ÿ# tHõ∆‰õΩ áê„`«∞
ÅÜÕ∞º "å~°O>Ë gˆ~. gix P^Œ∞‰õΩ<Õ
"å_≥=_»∂ LO_»_∞» .90
90. ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ WÖÏ LOk : „Ѩà◊Ü«∞k<å# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ #~°Hõ"åã≤x J_»∞QÆ∞`å_»∞,
'XHõ"Õà◊ h ^ŒQÆæ~° Éèí∂=∞O_»ÅO xO_® ã¨OѨ^Œ, ™ê=∞„y LO>Ë, D #~°HõtHõ∆
#∞Oz q=ÚH˜Î á⁄O^Œ\ÏxH˜ h=Ù ^•xfl ѨiǨ~°OQÍ W=fiQÆÅ"å?— Jx. ^•xH˜
J`«#∞ 'W™êÎ#O—\Ï_»∞. JѨC_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ J`«xH˜ WÖÏ K≥|∞`å_»∞ : „ѨѨOK«OÖ’
<Õ#∞ h‰õΩ WO`«Hõ<åfl KåÖÏ ã¨∞ÅÉèí"≥∞ÿ# Ѩx K≥áêÊ#∞, <å‰õΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ
=∞Ô~=ih xÅɡ@=ì ^ŒxÌ . HÍx #∞=Ùfi =∂„`«O P Ѩx (+≤~¯ü KÕÜ∞« @O) =∂#∞HÀÖË^∞Œ
(=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£ – Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü). nx ^•fi~å `≥e¿ã^Õ=∞O>Ë Jqâßfiã≤ H˘~°‰õΩ
âßtfi`«=∞~Ú# #~°Hõ tHõ∆ LO@∞Ok. J`«_»∞ WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’ U"≥·<å =∞OzѨ#∞Å∞
KÕã≤ =Ù#flѨÊ\˜H© J`«xÖ’x u~°™ê¯~° "≥·Yi =¸ÅOQÍ Jq =$^è• J~ÚáÈ`å~Ú.
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ K≥ѨÊ|_ç#@∞¡† J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ [^£P<£ KåÖÏ =∞Oz"å_»∞, Jukä
=∞~åº^ŒKÕ¿ã"å_»∞, ¿Ñ^ŒÅ#∞ áÈ+≤OKÕ"å_»∞, ÉÏxã¨Å‰õΩ q=ÚH˜Î "˘ã¨QÆ∞`«∂
LO_Õ"å_»∞, =∞i J`«x D ã¨`«¯~°‡Å∞ J`«xH˜ ÖÏÉèí^•Ü«∞HõO J=Ù`åÜ«∂? Jx
Z=~À J_»QÍæ, ''HÍ=Ù. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë J`«#∞ rq`«OÖ’ XHõ¯ ~ÀA ‰õÄ_® `«#
áêáêÅ =∞xflOѨÙHÔ · `«# „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù#∞ "Õ_∞» HÀÖË^∞Œ —— Jx =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) K≥áêÊ~°∞
(ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O – H˜`å|∞Öò D=∂<£).
(<Õ_»∞ =∞#O K«∂ã¨∂Î LO\ÏO – Ö’Hõ HõàϺ}O, =∂#= ã¨OˆH∆=∞O ¿Ñi@
KåÖÏ=∞Ok KåÖÏ =∞Oz Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ \Ï~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ Pã¨∞Ѩ„`«∞Å x~å‡}O,
"å\˜ Ѩ~°º"ÕHõ∆}, q^•ºÅÜ«∂Å ™ê÷Ѩ#, PѨ^ŒÖ’¡ =Ù#fl "åix P^Œ∞HÀ=@O,
™ê#∞Éèí∂u, ™êO`«fi##∞ "≥e|∞K«Û@O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. WÖÏO\˜ Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕ¿ãÎ
ã¨iáÈ`«∞O^Œx "åà◊§O\Ï~°∞. D=∂<£ J<åfl, W™ê¡O J<åfl "åiÔHÖÏO\˜ Pã¨H˜Î
LO_»^∞Œ . ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ „Ѩ[Å∞ "åi ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ K«∂ã≤ „ѨÉÏè q`«∞Å=Ù
`å~°∞. "åi ¿ã=Å#∞ H˘xÜ«∂_»`å~°∞. ÉÏQÍ<Õ LOk. =∂#=¿ã= KÕÜ«∞@O Q˘Ñ¨Ê
q+¨Ü∞« "Õ∞ – JO^Œ∞Ö’ ZÖÏO\˜ ã¨O^ÕÇϨ O ÖË^∞Œ . ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë D Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ∂« Åx
^Õ=Ù_»∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ P*Ï˝Ñ≤OKå_»∞.
D ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞ ^≥·=ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’ Ѷ¨eOKåÅO>Ë, g\˜x <≥~°"ÕiÛ# =ºH˜Î Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ
"≥∂Hõ∆O á⁄O^•ÅO>Ë `˘Å∞`« J`«#∞ ''qâ◊fiã≤OKåÅx—— ǨÏnã¨∞Å∞ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~Ú.
JO>Ë J`«#∞ ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO ã¨`«º=∞x, Ѩ~°Ö’HõO `«^䌺=∞x ^Œ$_è»OQÍ #=∂‡e. ^Õ=Ùx
267
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
92 g∞‰õΩ „Ñ≤Ü«∂u„Ñ≤Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ# =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ
#∞O_ç g∞~°∞ (^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’) Y~°∞Û
ÃÑ@ì#O`« =~°‰õÄ g∞~°∞ ѨÙ}º ™ê÷~ÚH˜
KÕ~°∞HÀÖË~°∞.91 g∞~°∞ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ>Ëì^ŒO`å
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.92
UHõ`«fiO (`ÒÇ‘Ï^£) Ѩ@¡ ^Œ$_è»qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e. W™ê¡OÖ’x P~å^èŒ#Å#∞
`«# rq`«OÖ’ J=ÅOaOKåe. P `«~°∞"å`« ÃÑ·# ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# ã¨OˆH∆=∞
HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂ÅÖ’ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ áêÖÁæ<åe. JѨC_»∞ D ã¨`å¯~åºÅhfl
^≥·"å^ÕâßxHõ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ <≥~°"ÕiÛ#@∞¡QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»`å~Ú. Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’ g\˜H˜
ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO W<£ëê JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (^≥·=O `«e¿ãÎ) `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. nxH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ
J`«_»∞ ^≥·"åxfl qâ◊fiã≤OK«‰õΩO_®, D =∞OzѨ#∞Å∞ ^≥·"å^ÕâßÖ’¡xq Jx
`« Å áÈÜ« ∞ ‰õ Ω O_® KÕ ã ≤ # @¡ ~ Ú`Õ – WǨ Ï Ö’Hõ O Ö’ J`« x H˜ ¿Ñ~° ∞ „Ѩ u +¨ ª Å ∞
„áêÑ≤ÎOK«=K«∞Û<Õ"≥∂ QÍx Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’ =∂„`«O ÅaèOKÕ Ñ¨Ù}ºÑ¶¨ÅO Ug∞ LO_»^Œ∞.
HÍ|\˜ì „Ѩu XHõ¯~°∂ "≥Ú^Œ@ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞, PÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)#∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz, `«=∞
ã¨HÅõ ã¨^•K«~}° Å „Ѩ^•è # L^ÕâÌ º◊ O ^≥=· O =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÅÎ "≥∞ѨC á⁄O^Œ@"Õ∞#x
ÉèÏqOz `«^Œ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ =∞ã¨Å∞HÀ"åe – J#∞"å^Œ‰õΩ_»∞).
Ô~O_À q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë JHõ¯_» U =ºH©Î Éèí∂=∞O_»Å=∞O`« |OQÍ~åxfl ѨiǨ
~°OQÍ ~ÚzÛ<å #~°HõtHõ∆ #∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_»ÖË_»∞. Jã¨Å∞ JHõ¯_» Z=i=^•Ì Ug∞
LO_»^Œ∞. XHõ"Õà◊ L<åfl Éèí∂q∞ JO`«\˜ xkèx ã¨=∞iÊOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl tHõ∆#∞Oz =ÚH˜Î
ÅaèOK«^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ñ¨iǨ~°O fã¨∞‰õΩx =^ŒeÃÑ>Ëì ã¨÷ÅO HÍ^Œk. "Õ~˘HõKÀ@
ÃãÅgÜ«∞|_ç#@∞¡ ''J`«x #∞Oz U^≥·<å „Ñ¨uѶ¨ÅO fã¨∞HÀ=@O [~°QÆ^Œ∞, U
ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∂ J`«xH˜ „ѨÜ≥∂[#Hõ~°O HÍ*ÏÅ^Œ∞—— (JÖò |Y~°–123).''P ~ÀA „HõÜ«∞
q„HõÜ∂« Å∞ [~°Q@ Æ OQÍh, q∞„`«∞Å ™êÜ«∞O á⁄O^Œ@OQÍh [~°Q^Æ ∞Œ —— (W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO–31).
91. J~°cÖ’ 'a„~ü— Jx =zÛOk. a„~ü (ã¨`å¯~°ºO, ѨÙ}ºO) JO>Ë ~ÚHõ¯_» ã¨^•K«~°}
ÖËHõ ã¨fi~°Oæ Jx J~°O÷ (Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò Yn~ü). D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOz#ѨÙ_»∞ =∞n<åÖ’
ã≤÷u=∞O`«∞_≥·# Ǩτ[`ü J|∂ `«ÖÏ› J<åûs (~°l) ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ã¨xflkèH˜ =zÛ,
''F ^≥·=„Ѩ=HÍÎ! ɡ·~°∞Ǩ `À@ <å‰õΩ Jxfl\˜HõO>Ë „Ñ≤Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ#k. HÍ|\˜ì <Õ#∞
^•xfl ^≥·=„Ñ‘u xq∞`«ÎO ^•#O KÕÜ«∞^ŒeKå#∞—— Jx q#flqOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. ^•xH˜
PÜ«∞# (ã¨), ''J^≥O`À ÖÏÉèí^•Ü«∞Hõ"≥∞ÿ# `À@ Hõ^•! ^•xfl #∞=Ùfi h |O^èŒ∞=ÙʼnõΩ
ѨOzÃÑ_ç`Õ ÉÏ=ÙO@∞O^Õ"∂≥ !—— Jx ã¨ÅǨ WKåÛ~°∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« PÜ«∞# P `À@#∞
`«# |O^è∞Œ =ÙʼnõΩ, ÉÏÉÏ~Ú, ÃÑ`«OÎ „_ç ‰õΩ=∂~°∞ʼnõΩ ѨOzÃÑ\Ïì~∞° (=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£).
268
35 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
93 `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^äŒO J=`«iOK«Hõ
ѨÓ~°fiO, W„™ê~¸Öò (Ü«∂Y∂|∞) `«#
HÀã¨O x¿+kèOK«∞‰õΩ#fl =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ `«Ñ¨Ê
W`«~° PǨ~° Ѩ^•~å÷Åhfl W„™ê~¸Öò
=Oâ◊ã¨∞÷Å H˘~°‰õΩ ^èŒ~°‡ ã¨=∞‡`«OQÍ<Õ
LO_Õq. 'g∞~°∞ ã¨`«º=O`«∞ÖË J~Ú`Õ
`Ò~å`«∞#∞ fã¨∞‰õΩx ~°O_ç, ^•xfl K«kq
qxÑ≤OK«O_ç—93 Jx (F =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£!)
"åiH˜ K≥ѨC.
W^Õq^èŒOQÍ =∞Ô~O`À =∞Ok ã¨Ç¨cÅ∞ `å=Ú Jq∞`«OQÍ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞
^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ Y~°∞ÛKÕâß~°∞. 'q∞=∂‡ `«∞Ç≤Ï|∂ƒ<£— Jx PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ J#|_çOk.
g∞~°∞ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅxflO\˜h ^•#O KÕÜ«∞=∞x nx ÉèÏ=O HÍ^Œ∞. 'g∞~°∞
„¿Ñq∞OKÕ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÖ’¡ #∞Oz— Jx nxH˜ J~°÷O =ã¨∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ì ^•#^èŒ~å‡Å∞ KÕ¿ã
ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ =∞Oz =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ ^•#OQÍ W"åfie. J`«∞º`«Î=∞"≥∞ÿ#, ѨiѨÓ~°‚"≥∞ÿ#
™ê÷~Úx á⁄O^Œ\ÏxH˜ W^Õ Ñ¨^Œúux J=ÅOaOKåe. J~Ú`Õ ™ê^è•~°}"≥∞ÿ# ÖËHõ
`«=∞ J=ã¨~åxH˜ q∞Oz# =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ#∞ ÖËHõ `å=Ú LѨÜ∂≥ yOz# áê`« =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ#∞
^•#O KÕÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^Œh, "å\˜H˜ ѨÙ}ºO ÅaèOK«^Œx ^•x ÉèÏ=O ZO`«=∂„`«O HÍ^Œ∞.
WÖÏO\˜ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ^•#O KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û. g\˜H˜ ‰õÄ_® ѨÙ}ºO Åaèã¨∞ÎOk.
HÍx ѨiѨÓ~°"‚ ∞≥ #ÿ , J`«∞º`«=Î ∞"≥∞#ÿ ™ê÷#O =∂„`«O Jq∞`«OQÍ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ#∞
^•#O KÕã≤#ѨC_Õ ^Œ‰õΩ¯`«∞Ok.
92. g∞~°∞ WKÕÛ =ã¨∞=Î Ù <åã≤~H° "õ ∂≥ , <å}º"≥∞#ÿ ^À JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. =∞#ã¨∂ÊùiQÎ Í
^•#O KÕâß~À, J#º =∞#㨯OQÍ KÕâß~À ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞#‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. ^•x „ѨHÍ~°"Õ∞
PÜ«∞# g∞‰õΩ ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO „Ѩ™êk™êÎ_»∞.
93. D PÜ«∞`«∞, nx `«~∞° "åu ~Ô O_»∞ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å PˆHÑ∆ }¨ ʼnõΩ ã¨=∂^è•#OQÍ
J=`«iOKå~Ú. WO`«H© P PˆH∆Ѩ}ÖËq∞\©? JO>Ë H˘O`«=∞Ok Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=Hõ(Î ã¨)#∞^ÕtÌ Oz WÖÏJ<åfl~°∞:''g∞~°∞ XHõ"Ñ·≥ Ù¨ W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï=Ú J#∞Ü«∂Ü«ÚÅO
Jx K≥ѨC‰õΩO@∂<Õ =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù XO>ˇ =∂Oã¨O uO@∞<åfl~åÜ≥∞. =∞i K«∂_»É’`Õ
W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï=Ú ^èŒ~°‡OÖ’ XO>ˇ =∂Oã¨O, XO>ˇáêÅ∞ x¿+kèOK«|_®¤~Ú.—— nxH˜
["å|∞QÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ U=∞<åfl_»O>ˆ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å P~ÀѨ} x~å^è•~°"∞≥ #ÿ k. W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï=Ú
(J֡Ƿ Ï≤ ã¨ûÖÏO) ^è~Œ ‡° OÖ’ D ~Ô O_»∞ =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ∞ x+≤^OúŒ (ǨÏ~å"£∞)QÍ ÖË=Ù. HÍHõáÈ`Õ
W„™ê~¸Å∞ (Ü«∂Y∂|∞) `«#O`«@ `å#∞QÍ H˘xfl =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ `«# HÀã¨O
269
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
94 nx `«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_® Z=~°~Ú<å
JÖÏ¡ Ç π Ï ‰õ Ω J|^•ú x fl Páêk¿ãÎ "åˆ ~
^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ =Ù`å~°∞.
95 "åiH˜ K≥ѨC: ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨`«ºO
ѨeHÍ_»∞. Hõ#∞Hõ g∞~°O`å UHÍ„QÆz`«ÎO
HõÅ W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï=Ú ^è~Œ å‡<Õfl J#∞ã¨iOK«O_ç.
PÜ«∞# |Ǩï^≥·"Àáê㨉õΩÅÖ’x "å_»∞
HÍ_»∞.——
96 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ =∂#=ÙÅ H˘~°‰õΩ
„Ѩ„Ѩ^=Œä ∞OQÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕÜ∞« |_ç# (^≥=· )
QÆ$ǨÏO |Hͯ֒ (=∞Hͯ֒) L#fl^Õ.94
Jk â◊√Éèí„Ѩ^Œ"≥∞ÿ#k, ã¨=∞ã¨Î Ö’Hõ"åã¨∞
ʼnõΩ =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HõO ‰õÄ_®#∞.
x¿+kèOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. P =ã¨∞Î=ÙÖË D XO>ˇ =∂Oã¨O, XO>ˇ áêÅ∞. ("≥Ú‰õΩ¯|_ç
=¸ÅOQÍ<À, J<å~ÀQƺO HÍ~°}OQÍ<À PÜ«∞# D x~°Ü ‚ ∂« xH˜ =KåÛ~°∞). Ǩτ[`ü
Ü«∂Y∂|∞QÍi D x~°Ü ‚ ∞« O ‰õÄ_® `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^äOŒ J=`«iOK«Hõ ѨÓ~°fiO [iyOk.
=∞i `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^ä"Œ ∞Õ "≥∂ W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï=Ú, Ü«∂Y∂|∞Å KåÖÏHÍÅO `«~∞° "å`« =zÛOk.
=∞~°ÖÏO@ѨC_»∞ g∞~°∞ WÖÏO\˜ JÉèíºO`«~åÅ#∞ ZÖÏ ÖË=<≥`«∞Î`«∞<åfl~°∞? JnQÍHõ
g∞~°∞ (Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞) áêÅÊ_Õ H˘xfl ^Œ∞~å‡~åæÅ, ^Œ∞~åQÆ`åÅ =¸ÅOQÍ<Õ `Ò~å`«∞Ö’
H˘xfl =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ x¿+kèOK«|_®¤~Ú (JÖò J<£ P"£∞ ã¨∂~å:146, x™ê ã¨∂~å:
160). g∞‰õΩ J#∞=∂#=ÚO>Ë `Ò~å`«∞ „QÆO^äOŒ `≥zÛ K«^=Œ O_ç – Ǩτ[`ü W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO
HÍÅOÖ’ D =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ x+≤^ŒúOQÍ Y~å~°∞ HÍÖË^Œ#fl "åã¨Î=O g∞ˆH `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk.
g∞ÃÑ·# ã¨~Ú`«O H˘xfl PǨ~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞ x¿+kèOK«|_®¤~Ú. ^•xHͯ~°}O g∞
`«Åa~°∞ã¨∞`«#"Õ∞. JO>Ë ^•xH˜ tHõ∆QÍ Jq g∞‰õΩ x¿+kèOK«|_®¤Ü«∞#fl=∂@!
(Sã¨~°∞`«Îá¶êã‘~ü).
94. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ~Ô O_À PˆHÑ∆ }¨ ‰õΩ ["åak. 'ɡ`· ∞« Öò =∞dÌã—π Jxfl\˜H<õ åfl "≥Ú^Œ\˜ P~å^è<Œ å
ˆHO„^ŒO J~Ú LO_»QÍ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) `«# =ÚMÏxfl 'HÍÉÏ QÆ$ǨÏO— "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ „uѨC‰õΩ<åfl~°∞?— Jx "å~°∞ „ѨtflOKÕ"å~°∞. nxH˜ ã¨=∂^è•#OQÍ, g∞~°∞
K≥¿ÑÊ D =∂@ ‰õÄ_® x[=∞~ÚOk HÍ^Œh, ^≥·"å~å^èŒ# HÀã¨O xi‡OK«|_ç#
"≥Ú@ì"≥Ú^Œ\˜ ^≥·=QÆ$ǨÏO =∞Hͯ #QÆ~°OÖ’#∞#fl HÍÉÏ QÆ$ǨÏ"Õ∞#x K≥ѨÊ|_çOk.
270
36 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
97 JO^Œ∞Ö’ ã¨Ê+¨ì=∞~Ú# ã¨∂K«#Å∞
<åfl~Ú. =∞MÏ"≥∞ W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO (W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO
xÅ|_ç# ã¨÷ÅO) L#flk. JO^Œ∞Ö’H˜
„Ѩ"ÕtOz#"å_»∞ ~°Hõ∆} á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞.95
JHõ¯_çH˜ "≥à§ı ™È÷=∞`«QÅÆ "åiH˜, P QÆ$ǨÏ
(Ü«∂„`«) ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ«∞\Ïxfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
qkèQÍ96 KÕâß_»∞. =∞Ô~=~°~Ú<å (D
P[˝#∞ t~°™ê=Ç≤ÏOK«\ÏxH˜) x~åHõi¿ãÎ
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ã¨=∞ã¨Î Ö’Hõ"åã¨∞Å J=ã¨~O°
ZO`«=∂„`«O ÖË^∞Œ .97
98 ''F „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
PÜ«∞`«∞Å("åHͺÅ)#∞ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ u~°ã¨¯
iã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞? g∞~°∞ KÕ¿ã Hõ~‡° ʼnõΩ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
™êH˜∆QÍ L<åfl_»∞—— Jx (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!)
"åiH˜ K≥ѨC.
95. D „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’ ǨÏ`åºHÍO_» ™êyOK«@O, ~°HõÎáê`«O ã¨$+≤ìOK«@O, [O`«∞=ÙÅ#∞
"Õ\Ï_»@O, PYiH˜ K≥@¡#∞ #~°Hõ@O ‰õÄ_® x+≤^Œú"Õ∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÃÇ·Ï<£).
96. ''"≥àı§ ™È÷=∞`« LO>Ë....—— JO>Ë „Ѩܫ∂} Y~°∞ÛÅ∞, =ã¨∞Ιê=∞„yx ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞ÛHÀ
QÆey`Õ Jx J~°O÷ . nO`Àáê@∞ ǨÏ*ò Ü«∂„`«HÔ · Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Å∞ ™ê#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ LO_®e.
"≥àı§ ~°∂@∞Ö’ âßOuÜ«Ú`« Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ <≥ÅH˘x LO_®e. ^èŒ#=∂# „áê}ÏʼnõΩ
ZÖÏO\˜ „Ѩ=∂^ŒO á⁄Oz LO_»‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. JÖψQ Ü«∂„f‰õΩ_»∞ JO`«^Œ∂~°O
„ѨÜ∂« }O KÕÜ∞« QÆeQˆ O^Œ∞‰õΩ P~ÀQƺ=O`«OQÍ LO_®e. „ã‘ÅÎ ∞ Ü«∂„`«‰Ωõ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi`Õ
"åi"≥O@ =∞„ǨÏ"£∞ |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞ LO_®e (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü). ™È÷=∞`« L#fl „Ѩu
XHõ¯~°∂ ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ«∞@O qkè Jx D PÜ«∞`«∞ ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk. HÍQ͆ rq`«OÖ’
Hˆ =ÅO XHõ™êi ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ∞« @O =∂„`«"∞Õ qkè (Ѷ~¨ )˚ü Jx ǨÏnã¨∞Å ^•fi~å `Õ@`≥ÅO¡
J=Ù`ÀOk (`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
97. â◊H©Î™È÷=∞`«Å∞ LO_ç ‰õÄ_® ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ x~åHõi¿ãÎ Jk ‰õΩ„Ѷπ (u~°™ê¯~°"≥·Yi)
J=Ù`«∞O^Œx Y∞~üP<£ „ѨHõ\˜OzOk. ǨÏnã¨∞ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜ "å~°∞ f„=OQÍ
ÃÇÏK«ÛiOK««|_®¤~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ«∞@O qkè J#fl q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ WHõ ZÖÏO\˜
ã¨O^ÕǨÏ=¸ q∞yÅ∞O_»^Œ∞ (`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
271
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
99 ''„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖÏ~å! JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∂~°æO
#∞Oz g∞~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz#"åix ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ
J_»∞‰¤ Ωõ O@∞<åfl~°∞? (W^Õ ã¨<å‡~°Oæ J#fl
^•xH˜) g∞~°∞ ™ê‰õ∆ΩÖˇ·98 LO_ç ‰õÄ_®
JO^Œ∞Ö’ Ö’áêÅ∞ "≥uˆH „Ѩܫ∞`«flO
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞? JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ g∞ KÕ+ì̈Å
Ѩ@¡ Ѩ~°^蕺<åxH˜ Ö’<≥· ÖË_»∞—— Jx (F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ѨC.
100 qâ◊fiã≤Oz# F „Ѩ[ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞
„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’x U^Œ~Ú<å =~°æO
"åi =∂@#∞ q<åfl~°O>Ë, "å~°∞
q∞=∞‡efl g∞ qâßfiã¨ã≤÷u #∞Oz
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞QÍ =∂~°∞Û`å~°∞.99
98. JO>Ë W™ê¡O ^≥·=^èŒ~°‡O Jh, ~°∞A=∂~°æO Jh g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. D ^èŒ~å‡xfl
=∂#=ÙʼnõΩ JO^Œ*Ëã¨∞Î#fl ã¨O^Õâ◊ǨÏ~°∞_»∞ ã¨`«ºã¨O^èŒ∞_»x ‰õÄ_® g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.
g∞ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ÃÑ· J=`«iOz#, g∞~°∞ x`«ºO áê~åÜ«∞}O KÕã∂¨ Î LO_Õ g∞ „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’
‰õÄ_® D ã¨OQÆu #"≥∂^≥· LOk. J~Ú<å g∞~°∞ =„Hõ =∞#ã¨∞¯Öˇ· ^•iÖ’ ÃÑ_»^•i
f™êΈ~?!
99. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å ‰õΩ\˜Å Ѩ<åflQÍÅ#∞, "≥∂ã¨Ñ¨Ói`« KÕ+¨ìÅ#∞, =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ#∞ ÃÑ_»„`À=
Ѩ\Oì˜ K«\ÏxH˜ "å~°∞ KÕ¿ã hK«=∞~Ú# Ѩ#∞Å#∞ YO_çOz# `«~∞° "å`« =Úã≤=¡ ÚÅ#∞
‰õÄ_® J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎO KÕÜ«∞@O [iyOk. g∞~°∞ ‰õÄ_® "åi q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ *Ï„QÆ`«ÎQÍ
LO_®e ã¨∞=∂! J#∞k#O g∞‰õΩ ^≥·="åHͺÅ∞ K«kq qxÑ≤ã¨∞Î#flѨÊ\˜H©, ^≥·=
ã¨O^Õâ◊ǨÏ~°∞_»∞ ã¨~Ú`«O g∞=∞^茺 L#flѨÊ\˜H© g∞~°∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å Z`«∞ÎʼnõΩ z`«Î~Ú
áÈ=K«∞Û ã¨∞=∂! *Ï„QÆ`«Î!!
nxH˜ ѨÓ~°fi~°OQÆO Wk : J<åû~ü =~åæxH˜ K≥Ok# Ô~O_»∞ `≥QÆÅ∞ Bãπ =∞iÜ«Ú
Y„**òÅ∞ XHõ ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’ ‰õÄ~˘Ûx Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O K«iÛOK«∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. JѨC_Õ
ëêãπ a<£ Mˇ·ãπ J<Õ Ü«¸^Œ∞_»∞ J@∞"≥·Ñ¨Ù#∞OKÕ ™êyáÈÜ«∂_»∞. Bãπ – Y„[*ò
`≥QÆÅ "åi =∞^茺QÆÅ ã¨Yº`«#∞, „¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍefl K«∂ã≤ F~°∞ÛHÀÖËHõáÈÜ«∂_»∞.
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë D Ô~O_»∞ `≥QÆÅ =∞^茺 XHõѨC_»∞ |^Œú"≥·~°O LO_Õk. W™ê¡O ѨÙ}º=∂
Jx P ~Ô O_»∞ `≥QÅÆ ∞ áêÅ∞`ÕxÜ«∞ÖÏ¡ HõÅã≤áÈÜ«∂~Ú. J~Ú`Õ Ç≤Ï„[`ü‰Ωõ H˘kÌHÍÅO
272
37 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
101 g∞‰õΩ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞
("åHͺÅ∞) K«kq qxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎO_»QÍ,
PÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõÎ g∞ =∞^茺#∞O_»QÍ g∞~°∞
Jqâßfi™êxH˜ ZÖÏ áêÅÊ_»QÆÅ~°∞?
Z=~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (^èŒ~°‡=Ú)#∞ QÆ\ ˜ìQÍ
Ѩ@∞ì‰õΩ<åfl_À100 xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ J`«_»∞
~°∞A=∂~°æO "≥·Ñ¨Ù ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO =Ç≤ÏOK«
|_ç#>Ë.¡
102 F qâßfiã¨∞ÖÏ~å! JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
ZO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_®Ö’ JO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞
Ѩ_O» _ç.101 =Úã≤O¡ Å∞QÍ `«Ñʨ =∞~°}O˜ K«
HõO_ç.
„H˜`«"Õ∞ P Ô~O_»∞ `≥QÆÅ =∞^茺 [iy# |∞Pãπ Ü«Ú^•úxfl QÆ∞~°∞ÎKÕã≤, J*Ï˝#HÍÅѨÙ
„ѨfHÍ~° ÉèÏ"åÅ#∞ ~°QÆ∞ÖÁæe¿Ñ ÉÏ^茺`«#∞ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ XHõ Ü«Ú=‰õΩ_çH˜ JѨÊyO
Kå~°∞. XHõiOH˘Hõix Ô~K«ÛQ˘_»∞`«∂ áê_ç# Ѩ^•ºÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® K«kq qxÑ≤OK«=∞x
"å~°`«xH˜ `åH©^Œ∞ KÕâß~°∞. P =ºH˜Î JHõ∆~åÖÏ K≥Ñ≤Ê#>Ë¡ KÕâß_»∞. ^•O`À JHõ¯_ç
"å`å=~°}O =∂iáÈ~ÚOk. W~°∞ `≥QÆÅ =∞^茺 áê`« HõHõ∆Å∞ |∞ã¨H˘\Ïì~Ú. XO_˘
Hõix ^Œ∂+≤OK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. Hõ_»‰õΩ Hõ`«∞ÎÅ∞ ^Œ∂ã¨∞HÀ=_®xH˜ ‰õÄ_® ã≤^Œú=∞Ü«∂º~°∞.
WOHÍã¨Î LO>Ë Ü«Ú^ŒúO "≥Ú^ŒÅÜÕ∞º^Õ. JO`«Ö’<Õ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) =zÛ,
"åiH˜ #K«Û*ˇÑ¨Ê@O`À "åà◊√¡ âßOuOKå~°∞. JѨC_»∞ D PÜ«∞`«∞ =∞iÜ«Ú nx
`«~åfi`« ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ J=`«iOKå~Ú (`«Ñû‘¶ ~ü Wɡfl Hõã~‘ ,ü Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò Yn~ü).
100. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ QÆ\˜ìQÍ Ñ¨@∞ìHÀ=@O (Uu™ê"£∞ aÖÏ¡ÇπÏ) JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P"≥∂kOz#
^è~Œ å‡<Õfl QÆ\Qì˜ Í Ñ¨@∞ìHÀ=@O, ^•x J#∞ã¨~}° Ö’ ZÖÏO\˜ J„â◊^#úŒ ∞ Hõ#|~°K‰« Ωõ O_®
LO_»@O Jx ÉèÏ=O.
101. 'ZO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_®Ö’ JO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç— JO>Ë W™ê¡O P^ÕâßÅ#∞, q^èŒ∞Å#∞
ѨÓiÎQÍ áê\˜OK«@O, "åiOK«|_ç# "å\˜H˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ =∞ã¨Å∞HÀ=@O Jx ÉèÏ=O.
D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOz#ѨC_»∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å∞ WO^Œ∞Ö’x P[˝#∞, JO>Ë
'ZO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_®Ö’ JO`«QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç— J<Õ P^Õâßxfl K«∂ã≤ PO^Àà◊#
K≥O^•~°x, JѨC_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =∞m§ 'Ѷ`¨ YΫ ∞ÖÏ¡ÇϨ =∞ãÎ̈`å`«∞"£∞— (g∞~°∞ g∞ â◊HHΘ ˘Åk
JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç) J<Õ PÜ«∞`«∞#∞ J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»x H˘O^Œ~°∞ "åºMϺ`«Å∞
K≥|∞`å~°∞ (JO>Ë D q^èOŒ QÍ ~Ô O_»= PÜ«∞`«∞ "≥Ú^Œ\˜ PÜ«∞`«∞#∞ ~°^∞Œ ÑÌ ~¨ z° O^Œ#flk
273
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
103 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „`å_»∞#∞ JO^Œ~°∂ HõÅã≤
QÆ\ ˜ìQÍ Ñ¨@∞ìHÀO_ç.102 peáÈHõO_ç.103
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ g∞ÃÑ· ‰õΩiÑ≤Oz# ^ŒÜ«∂#∞
„QÆÇ¨ xfl [˝ÑHÎ≤ ˜ `≥K∞« ÛHÀO_ç–JѨC_»∞ g∞~°∞
XO_˘HõiH˜ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ LO_Õ"å~°∞.
PÜ«∞# g∞ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂ÅÖ’ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O
„¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍÅ#∞ ã¨$lOKå_»∞. ^•O`À
PÜ«∞# J#∞„QÆǨÏO =Å¡ g∞~°∞ XHõi
H˘Hõ~∞° J#fl^Œ=Ú‡Å∞QÍ =∂~å~°∞. g∞~°∞
Jyfl QÆ∞O_»O PYi JOK«∞ʼnõΩ KÕ~∞° HÀQÍ,
PÜ«∞# q∞=∞‡efl ^•#∞flOz HÍáê_®_»∞.
g∞~°∞ ã¨<å‡~°æO á⁄O^•Åx D q^èŒOQÍ
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ g∞‰õΩ `«# ã¨∂K«#Å#∞ qâ◊^Œ
Ѩ~∞° ã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞.
"åi Jaè„áêÜ«∞O). J~Ú`Õ ~Ô O_»= PÜ«∞`«∞#∞ <åã≤Mò (~°^∞Œ ÑÌ ~¨ K° kÕ ) QÍ ÉèÏqOKÕHOõ >Ë
=Ú|~Úº<£ ("≥Ú^Œ\˜^•xH˜ q=~°})QÍ ÉèÏqOK«@O ã¨Ô~·#k. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ô~O_»∞
PÜ«∞`«∞Å =∞^躌 ã¨=∞~°™êxH˜ gÅ∞ÖËx KÀ@ =∂„`«"∞Õ "≥Ú^Œ\˜ PÜ«∞`«∞ ~°^~ÌŒ Ú#@∞¡QÍ
ÉèÏqOKåe. HÍx WHõ¯_» Ѩiã≤u÷ "Õ~∞° . WHõ¯_» ~Ô O_»∞ PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O ã¨=∞~°ãO¨
K≥O^Œ\ÏxH˜ gÅ∞Ok. WѨC_»∞ D PÜ«∞`«∞‰õΩ 'Ѷ¨`«ÎY∞ÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï Ç¨ÏYö `«∞MÏuÇ‘Ï
=∞ã¨`Î å`«∞"£∞— (g∞~°∞ g∞ â◊HHΘ ˘Åk JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_=» Åã≤# q^èOŒ QÍ ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_O» _ç)
J<Õ J~°÷O =ã¨∞ÎOk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
102. ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_=» ∞x É’kèOz# `«~∞° "å`« JO^Œ~∂° HõÅã≤ ^Õ=Ùx „`å\˜x QÆ\Qì˜ Í Ñ¨@∞ìHÀ=∞x
K≥ѨÊ@O QÆ=∞<å~°›O. JO>Ë =∂#= ™êѶ¨ÅºO D Ô~O_»∞ ã¨∂„`åÅÃÑ·<Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç
LOk. =∂#=ÙÅ SHõº`« ‰õÄ_® D Ô~O_»∞ JOâßÅ P^è•~°OQÍ<Õ ™ê^茺=∞=Ù`«∞Ok,
™ê^茺"≥∞ÿ# `«~åfi`« Jk ã≤÷~°OQÍ#∂ LO@∞Ok.
103. '=ÖÏ `«Ñ¶¨„~°Y∂— JO>Ë peHõ fã¨∞‰õΩ~åHõO_ç, qÉèËkOK«∞HÀHõO_ç Jx J~°÷O. ÃÑ·
=K«#OÖ’ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# Ô~O_»∞ ã¨∂„`åÅ#∞ QÆ#Hõ g∞~°∞ q㨇iOz#@¡~Ú`Õ g∞
=∞^茺 J<≥·Hõº`«, peHõ =ã¨∞ÎOk. g∞~°∞ K≥ÖÏ¡K≥^Œ∞Ô~·áÈ`å~°∞. =Úã≤¡O ã¨=∂[OÖ’
á⁄_»ã∂¨ Ñ≤# =Ú~îåÅ "≥#∞Hõ QÆÅ K«i„`«#∞ Ѩiâ’kè¿ãÎ D ã¨OQÆu qk`«=∞=Ù`«∞Ok.
Y∞~üP<£ ǨÏnã¨∞Å#∞ J=QÍǨÏ# KÕã∞¨ HÀ=@OÖ’, ÉèÏ"å~å÷Å q+¨Ü∞« OÖ’ ã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞#ÿ
274
38 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
104 "Õ∞Å∞ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ Ñ≤eKÕ, =∞Ozx K≥Ü∞« º
=∞x P*Ï˝Ñ≤OKÕ, K≥_»∞Å #∞Oz "åiOKÕ
XHõ =~°Oæ g∞Ö’ LO_®e. D Ѩxx KÕ¿ã
"åˆ~ ™êѶ¨ÖϺxfl á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞.
105 `«=∞ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ ã¨Ê+¨ì=∞~Ú# x^Œ~°≈
<åÅ∞ =KÕÛã≤# `«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_®
=~åæÅ∞QÍ q_çáÈ~Ú, qÉèËkOK«∞‰õΩ#fl
"åi =∂kiQÍ g∞~°∞ `«Ü«∂~°=
HõO_ç.104 =∞ǨtHõ∆ L#flk W@∞=O\˜"åi
HÀã¨"∞Õ .
=º`庙êÅ∞ ã¨~fi° „`å LO_Õ".Õ J=QÍǨÏ#Ö’ QÆÅ D "≥q· ^躌 O =Ú~îåʼnõΩ, =~åæʼnõΩ
^•i fÜ«∞^Œ∞. „Ѩ=HõÎ „Ñ≤Ü∞« ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° ÅÖ’, "åi t+¨µºÖˇ#· `å|~¸<£ÅÖ’ ã¨~Ú`«O
D áê\˜ =º`庙êÅ∞ LO_Õq. HÍx Jq =Úã≤¡O ã¨=∂[OÖ’ =Ú~îåʼnõΩ ^•i
`≥~°=ÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë J=ÅO|<å q^è•#OÖ’ ã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞ÿ# `Õ_® áê_®Å∞#flѨÊ\˜H©
"åi ÉèíH©Î qâßfi™êʼnõΩ ˆHO„^ŒaO^Œ∞=Ù Y∞~üP<£ ǨÏnã¨∞ÖË. J~Ú`Õ ~å#∞~å#∂
'=ºHÎ̃ „áê=ÚYºO— ÃÑiyáÈ~ÚOk. =ºHÎ̃ Ѩ@¡ QÆÅ Jaè=∂#O Juâ◊~Úe¡ '~åQÍ#—
Ѩ_çOk. P ~åQÍxH˜ Jaè=∂#∞Å '`å#O— ‰õÄ_® `À_»~ÚOk. Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ
=∞`å=ÅO|#Ö’ PÜ«∂ =º‰õΩÅÎ ∞ „áê^è•#º`« ~ÚzÛ# 'Jaè=∞`«O— Z#ÖËx „áêK«∞~°ºO
á⁄OkOk. "åi ¿Ñ~°¡`À =Ú~îåÅ∞, =~åæÅ∞ ѨÙ@∞ì‰õΩ=KåÛ~Ú. P =º‰õΩÎÅ∞ <˘H˜¯
=Hͯ}˜Oz# ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO, "åi qKå~°^è•~° LOk K«∂âß~°∂, Jk „Ѩ^äŒ=∞ ™ê÷<åxfl
P„Hõq∞OK«∞HÀQÍ "åi Jaè=∂#∞Å∞ ^≥·=O =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ „Ѩ=K«<åÅ#∞
kfifÜ«∞ ™ê÷<åxH˜ kQÆ*Ï~åÛ~°∞. ^•O`À =Úã≤¡O ã¨=∂[OÖ’ peHõŠѨ~°fiO
"≥Ú^ŒÅ~ÚOk. D peHõÅ∞ k# k# „Ѩ=~°÷=∂#"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú.
104. ã¨Ê+¨ì=∞~Ú# x^Œ~°≈<åÅ∞ =zÛ# `«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_® qÉèË^•Å∞ ã¨$+≤ìOz# "å~°∞
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞. "åi D qÉèË^•Å‰õΩ HÍ~°}O ã¨`«º"Õ∞^À `≥eÜ«∞Hõ HÍ^Œ∞.
Jhfl `≥eã≤ ‰õÄ_® "åà◊√¡ `«=∞ „áêѨOzHõ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O, =∞<À"åOKè«Å
HÀã¨O _˘OHõu~°∞QÆ∞_»∞ ^èÀ~°}`˜ À peHõŠѨ~åfixfl "≥Ú^ŒÖ\ˇ Ïì~∞° . L^ÕâÌ º◊ ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ
xˆ~›`«∞Hõ "≥·YiÃÑ· áê`«∞‰õΩáÈÜ«∂~°∞. k=º Y∞~üP<£ qaè#fl q^è•Å∞QÍ "åi D
=„Hõ|∞kúx ZO_»QÆ\ ˜ìOk. ÃÑ_»ã¨i ^èÀ~°}˜x =∂#∞HÀ=∞x ѨÅ∞q^è•Å∞QÍ #K«Û
*ˇÑ≤ÊOk. HÍx J`«ºO`« qKå~°Hõ~°=∞~Ú# q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë D (=Úã≤¡O)
ã¨=∂[OÖ’x =Ú~îå <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜ HõѨ@ "≥·Yi<Õ „Ѩ^Œi≈ã¨∂Î L=∞‡`ü
275
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 13
Pre-f
106 P<å_»∞ H˘xfl =ÚMÏÅ∞ "≥ey
áÈ`«∂ LO\Ï~Ú. =∞iH˘xfl =ÚMÏÅ∞
#Å¡|_ç LO\Ï~Ú.105 #Å∞Ѩ٠P=iOz
L#fl "≥ÚǨÅ∞ Hõey# "åi #∞^ÕtÌ Oz,
''g∞~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤Oz# g∞^Œ@ u~°™ê¯~°
"≥·YiH˜ X_çQÆ\Ïì~å? 㨈~, g∞~°∞ u~°ã¨¯
iOz# ^•x Ѷe¨ `«OQÍ tHõ#∆ ∞ K«q
K«∂_»O_ç—— (Jx J#|_»∞`«∞Ok).
107 `≥ÅQ¡ Í „ѨHÍtã¨∞#Î fl "≥ÚǨÅ"å~°∞
^≥·=HÍ~°∞}ºOÖ’ LO\Ï~°∞. JO^Œ∞Ö’
"å~°∞ HõÅHÍÅO LO\Ï~°∞.
108 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) Wq JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =K«
<åÅ∞. "å\˜x "Õ∞=Ú h‰õΩ L#fl^Œ∞
#fl@∞¡QÍ K«kq qxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú. Ö’Hõ
"åã¨∞ʼnõΩ J<åºÜ«∞O KÕÜ∂« Å#fl `«ÅOѨÙ
JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ZO`«=∂„`«O ÖË^Œ∞.
ã¨OQÆi`î `« åfixH˜ `«∂@∞¡ á⁄_»∞ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. ã¨`º« "Õ∞^À, ^•xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨Ê+ì̈"∞≥ #ÿ
x^Œ~°≈<åÖË"À "åiH˜ `≥bHõHÍ^Œ∞, `≥Å∞ã¨∞. HÍx "åà◊√¡ `«=∞ HÍÅÊxHõ =Ú~îåÅ#∞
JO\˜ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩx, `«=∞ `≥eq`Õ@ÅxflO\˜h – QÆ`« ã¨=∂*ÏÅÖ’x ã¨O‰õΩz`«
ã¨fiÉèÏ=ÙÅ=ÖË – Y∞~üP<£ ǨÏnã¨∞ʼnõΩ =„HõÉÏè +¨ºO K≥Ñʨ \ÏxH˜, Z@∞ uÑ‘Ê "å\˜#∞Oz
`å=Ú J#∞ã¨iã¨∞#Î fl, `«=∞ =∞`« QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ # ÉèÏ"åxfl ~å|>Ëì Jã¨ÇϨ ºHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ
ѨxHÀã¨O "≥zÛã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞.
105. Ǩτ[`ü Wɡfl JÉσãπ (~°l) D PÜ«∞`«∞‰õΩ `å`«Ê~°ºO K≥|∞`«∂ (^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ ã¨O„Ѩ^•
Ü«∂xfl YzÛ`«OQÍ J#∞ã¨iOKÕ) 'JÃÇÏ¡ ã¨∞#fl`ü =Öò [=∂J`ü— "åi =ÚMÏÅ∞
„ѨHÍtã¨∂Î LO\ÏÜ«∞h, nxH˜ aè#flOQÍ ^èŒ~°‡OÖ’ H˘O„Q˘`«Î áÈHõ_»Å∞ áÈÜÕ∞"åi
(JÃÇÏ¡ a^£J`ü) =ÚMÏÅ∞ "å_çáÈ~Ú, #Å∞ѨÙQÍ LO\ÏÜ«∞x K≥áêÊ~°∞ (Wɡfl
Hõã‘~ü, Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü). nx^•fi~å É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ^Õq∞@O>Ë, JÃÇÏ¡ ã¨∞#fl`ü =Öò
[=∂J`ü"å~°∞ J#∞ã¨iã¨∞Î#fl^Õ Jã¨Å∞ W™ê¡O ^èŒ~°‡O. WHõáÈ`Õ a^£JfÅ∞
(H˘`«ÎѨÙO`«Å∞ `˘ˆH¯"å~°∞) Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ ™êѶ¨ÖϺxH˜ =¸Å"≥∞ÿ#@∞=O\˜ D W™ê¡O
J#∞„QÆǨxH˜ KåÖÏ ^Œ∂~°OÖ’ L<åfl~°∞.
276
39 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
109 PHÍâßÅÖ’#∂, Éèí∂q∞Ö’#∂
L#fl ã¨=∞ã¨=Î ¸ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ Hˆ K≥O^Œ∞`«∞Ok.
ã¨HõÅ =º=Ǩ~åÅ∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "≥·Ñ¨ÙˆH
=∞o§OK«|_»`å~Ú.
110 =∂#=ÙÅ HÀ㨠O LxH˜ Ö ’xH˜
fã¨∞‰õΩ~å|_ç# „âı+¨ª ã¨=∂[O g∞~°∞.
g∞~°∞ =∞Oz q+¨Ü«∂ÅÔH· P*Ï˝Ñ≤™êÎ~°∞,
K≥_»∞ #∞Oz PѨÙ`å~°∞, WOHÍ g∞~°∞
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ #∞ qâ◊fiã≤™êÎ~∞° .106 „QÆO^äŒ =ǨïÅ∞
‰õÄ_® qâ◊fiã≤Oz LO>Ë, Jk "åiHÀã¨O
„âıÜ«∞㨯~°O JÜÕ∞ºk. "åiÖ’ H˘O^Œ~°∞
qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® L<åfl~°∞.107 HÍx
J`«ºkè‰õΩÅ∞ Jq^èÕÜ«ÚÖË.
106. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ „âı+¨ª ã¨=∂[O (Mˇ·Ô~ L=∞‡`ü) QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_®¤~°∞. ^•xH˜
„Ѩ^è•# HÍ~°}O ‰õÄ_® `≥Å∞Ѩ|_çOk – J^Õ=∞O>Ë "å~°∞ =∞Ozx P*Ï˝Ñ≤™êÎ~°∞,
K≥_»∞ #∞Oz "åi™êÎ~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü≥∞_»Å qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë =Úã≤¡O
ã¨=∂[OÖ’ D =¸_»∞ ã¨^Œ∞æ}ÏÅ∞ L#flѨC_Õ Jk „âı+¨ªã¨=∂[O JxÑ≤OK«∞‰õΩO
@∞Ok. ÖËHõáÈ`Õ Jk `«# "≥·tëꪺxfl HÀÖ’Ê`«∞Ok. P `«~°∞"å`« „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ
^èÀ~°}˜ YO_çOK«|_çOk. Jk ‰õÄ_® =Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ "Õ∞ÖÁ¯Å∞Ѩ٠ÖÏO\˜k. JO>Ë
=∞Ozx ÃÑOá⁄OkOKÕ, K≥_»∞Å #∞O_ç "åiOKÕ Ñ¨xx q㨇iOz# U *ÏuÔH·<å㨈~
„QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïʼnõΩ Ѩ\#ì˜ QÆ`Õ Ñ¨_∞» `«∞Ok. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "åà◊√¡ ''K≥_∞» Å #∞Oz XO_˘Hõix
P¿Ñ Ѩxx =∂<Õâß~°∞—— (JÖò =∂~Ú^Œ – 79). WO`«H© =∞Ozx ÃÑOá⁄OkOKÕ
Ѩx 'Ѷ¨Ô~˚ S<£— ("≥·Ü«∞H˜ÎHõ qkè) „H˜OkH˜ =ã¨∞ÎO^•? 'Ѷ¨Ô~˚ H˜á¶êÜ«∞— (™ê=¸Ç≤ÏHõ
qkè) „H˜OkH˜ =ã¨∞ÎO^•? 'Ѷ¨Ô~˚ H˜á¶êÜ«∞— „H˜OkH˜ =ã¨∞ÎO^Œx KåÖÏ=∞Ok ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞
Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞. JO>Ë Ñ¨O_ç`«∞Å∞, q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞, "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ∞ D Hõ~°Î"åºxfl <≥~°
"Õ~°∞ã¨∂Î LO_®e. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë =∞OzѨ#∞Å∞–K≥_»∞Ѩ#∞ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨Ô~·#
+¨sJ`«∞ *Ï˝#O "åiˆH LO@∞Ok. "å~°∞ QÆ#Hõ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ D ã¨O^Õâ◊ „Ѩ^•#
ÉÏ^茺`«#∞ x~°fiiοãÎ ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ*ÏhHõOÃÑ· #∞Oz P |~°∞=Ù `˘ÅyáÈ`«∞Ok. U
q^èOŒ QÍ ™ê^è•~°} ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ lǨ^£ (^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’ áÈ~å@O) ‰õÄ_® Ѷ~Ô¨ ˚ H˜áê¶ Ü«∞
QÍ<Õ LO@∞O^À P q^èŒOQÍ J#fl=∂@. JO>Ë ã¨=∂[OÖ’ XHõ =~°æO ^•xfl
x~°fiiοãÎ q∞QÆ`å "å~°O^Œi `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# Jk ã¨iáÈ`«∞Ok.
277
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
111 "å~°∞ g∞‰õΩ U=∂„`«O Ǩx
HõeyOK«ÖË~°∞ – =∞Ǩ J~Ú`Õ H˘OK≥O
ÉÏkèOK«@O `«Ñ¨Ê.108 XHõ"Õà◊ g∞`À
`«ÅѨ_»=Åã≤# Ѩiã≤÷`Õ U~°Ê_ç#@¡~Ú`Õ
"å~°∞ g∞‰õΩ "≥#∞fl K«∂Ñ≤ áêiáÈ`å~°∞. P
`«~°∞"å`« "åiÔHÖÏO\˜ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞=¸
ÅaèOK«^∞Œ .
112 ã¨~°fi„`å "åiÃÑ· Ѩ~åÉèí=Ѩ٠^≥|ƒ
Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok – "åiH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ â◊~}° ∞ ÖË^•
„Ѩ[Å #∞O_ç JÉèíÜ«∞ ǨÏã¨ÎO Åaè¿ãÎ
`«Ñ¨Ê!109 "å~°∞ ^≥·"å„QÆǨxH˜ áê„`«∞Öˇ·
107. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ÇπÏ a<£ ã¨ÖÏ"£∞ ÖÏO\˜"å~°∞. PÜ«∞# "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ Ü«¸^Œ∞_Õ.
HÍx `«~∞° "å`« W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOKå~°∞. WÖÏO\˜ qâßfiã¨áê„`«∞Å ã¨OYº KåÖÏ `«‰Ωõ ¯=.
108. ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ@ì_»O (J[<£) JO>Ë WHõ¯_» J~°÷O JѨxO^ŒÅ∞ "≥∂Ѩ@O, J|^•úÅ∞
HõeÊOK«@O. g\˜ ^•fi~å =Úã≤¡OÅ#∞ ZO`« ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ\˜ì#ѨÊ\˜H© =ÚMÏ=Úv
J~Ú#ѨC_»∞ =∂„`«O "å~°∞ q∞=∞‡efl „ѨuѶ¨∞\˜OK«ÖË~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ `ÀHõ=Ú_çz
u~À#∞‡Y∞Å=Ù`å~°∞. Z@ìˆHʼnõΩ [iyOk ‰õÄ_® J^Õ. =∞n<å #QÆ~°O #∞Oz
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ ÔQO\˜"ÕÜ«∞|_®¤~°∞. PÃÑ·# Mˇ·|~°∞ ‰õÄ_® ÔH·=ã¨=∞~ÚOk. JHõ¯_ç #∞Oz
‰õÄ_® Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ `«iq∞"ÕÜ«∞|_®¤~°∞. J#O`«~°O ã≤iÜ«∂ „áêO`«OÖ’x „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞
=Úã≤¡OÅ KÕuÖ’ Ѩ~å[Ü«∂xfl K«qK«∂âß~°∞. nxH˜ „ѨfHÍ~°OQÍ J#fl@∞¡ tÅ∞=
Ü«Ú^•úÅÖ’ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ∞ =Úã≤¡OÅÃÑ· J„ѨuǨÏ`«OQÍ ^•_»∞Å∞ KÕâß~°∞. 'ɡ·`«∞Öò
=ÚY^ŒÌãπ—#∞ =Úã≤¡OÅ #∞Oz ™êfinè#O ‰õÄ_® KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. J~Ú`Õ 90
ã¨O=`«û~åÅ `«~°∞"å`« ã¨∞ÖÏÎ<£ ã¨ÖÏǨïnÌ<£ JÜ«¸ºc ^•xx „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡
#∞Oz q_çÑ≤OKå~°∞. J~Ú`Õ D<å_»∞ =Úã≤¡OÅ qâßfi㨠=∂O^ŒºO =Å¡<≥·`Õ<Õg∞,
lÜ≥∂xã¨∞ìÅ ‰õΩÜ«Ú‰õΩÎÅ =Å¡<≥·`Õ<Õg∞ ''ɡ·`«∞Öò =∞dÌãπ—— =∞~À™êi =Úã≤¡OÅ #∞Oz
KÕ*ÏiáÈ~ÚOk. HÍx Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å D ã¨fi~°∂ѨO =∂~°HõáÈ^Œ∞. =ÚYºOQÍ Ç¨Ï„[`ü
D™ê (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO) ~åHõ`À „ÔH·ã¨Î=O JO`«"≥∞ÿ W™ê¡O PkèHõº`« <˘O^Œ∞`«∞Ok.
ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ Ç¨Ïnã¨∞Å∞ D q+¨Ü«∂xfl ^èŒ$=Ѩ~°∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
109. ^≥"· å„QÆÇ¨ xH˜ QÆ∞~Ô #· HÍ~°}OQÍ Ü«¸^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· J==∂#O, ^≥<· åº=ã¨÷ <≥\"ì˜ Ü
Õ ∞« |_®¤~Ú.
`å`å¯eHõOQÍ D ^Œ∞ã≤÷u #∞Oz "å~°∞ |Ü«∞@Ѩ_Õ =∂~åæÅ∞ Ô~O_»∞. XHõ\˜ : "å~°∞
^Õ=Ùx â◊~}° ∞ á⁄O^•e. JO>Ë "å~°∞ W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOKåe. ÖË^• W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ~å[ºOÖ’
'l*òÜ«∂—#∞ K≥e¡Oz 'lg∞‡—Å∞ (ÉÏ^茺`« fã¨∞HÀ|_ç#"å~°∞) QÍ LO_®e. Ô~O_»∞ :
278
40 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
áÈÜ«∂~°∞. "åiH˜ n<å=ã¨÷ JO@QÆ@ì
|_çOk. "åi D ã≤÷uH˜ HÍ~°}"Õ∞q∞
@O>Ë "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞ u~°ã¯¨
iOKÕ"å~°∞, J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞
K«OÑ≤"Õ¿ã"å~°∞. "åi Jq^èÕÜ«∞`«‰õΩ,
Ju„Hõ=∞}ʼnõΩ110 âßã≤Î Wk!
113 "å~°O`å XHõÖÏO\˜"å~°∞ HÍ~°∞. D
„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’x XHõ =~°æO "å~°∞
(ã¨`º« OÃÑ)· xÅHõ_Q» Í L<åfl~°∞. "å~°∞ ~å„u
ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ ‰õÄ_® ^≥=· "åHͺÅ#∞ áê~å
Ü«∞}O KÕ™êÎ~°∞, ™êëêìOQÆѨ_»`å~°∞.
114 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞, JOu=∞k<åxfl ‰õÄ_®
"å~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤™êÎ~∞° . =∞Ozx P*Ï˝Ñ™≤ êÎ~∞° ,
K≥_∞» #∞O_ç PѨÙ`å~°∞. ã¨`å¯~åºÅ HÀã¨O
Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O áÈ\©Ñ¨_»`å~°∞. g~°∞ ã¨[˚#∞Å
HÀ=‰õΩ K≥Ok#"å~°∞.
115 "å~°∞ U =∞Oz ѨxKÕã≤<å ^•xH˜
qÅ∞= W=fiHõáÈ=@O J<Õk [~°QÆ^Œ∞.
ÉèÜ
í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ ∞ QÆÅ"åi QÆ∞iOz JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ
ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.111
„Ѩ[Å `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# JÉèíÜ«∞O "åiH˜ ÅaèOKåe. D "åHͺxH˜ Ô~O_»∞ J~å÷Å∞<åfl~Ú.
(1). W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ~å*ϺxH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞ ™ê^è•~°} =Úã≤O¡ Å∞ "åiH˜ P„â◊Ü∞« q∞zÛ LO_®e.
„Ѩu =Úã≤¡O‰õÄ D ~°Hõ=∞~Ú# P„â◊Ü«∞O WKÕÛ Ç¨Ï‰õΩ¯ LOk. XHõ ™ê=∂#º
=Úã≤O¡ J~Ú<åã¨~ˆ Z=iHõ~Ú<å JÉèÜ í ∞« q∞¿ãÎ J`«x P„â◊Ü∂« xfl HÍ^Œ<Õ JkèHÍ~°O
=Úã≤O¡ ѨiáêʼnõΩʼnõΩ ÖË^xŒ `åH©^∞Œ KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. ÖË^• (2). U^≥<· å ÃÑ^ŒÌ =Úã≤"¡ ∞Õ `«~°
â◊H˜Î ÖËHõ ~å[ºO „áÈ^ŒƒÅO "åiH˜ ÅaèOKåe. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "åHõºOÖ’ 'J<åflãπ— J<Õ
Ѩ^ŒO =zÛOk. Wk qã¨Î$`«"≥∞ÿ# J~°÷OHõŠѨ^ŒO. WO^Œ∞Ö’H˜ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞,
=Úã≤¡"Õ∞`«~°∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® =KÕÛ™êÎ~°∞.
110. JO>Ë – ZO`« É’^èÑŒ ~¨ z° <å `«=∞ ÃÑ_»ãi¨ ^èÀ~°}x˜ , JǨÏOHÍ~åxfl =∂#∞HÀ‰õΩO_®
ǨÏ^Œ∞Ì g∞i „Ѩ=iÎOz#O^Œ∞ʼnõΩ "åiÃÑ· Ѩ_ç# ^Õ=Ùx ^≥|ƒ Jk.
279
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
116 WHõ á È`Õ Jqâßfi㨠∞ Å∞† "åi
ã¨OѨ^ŒQÍh, ã¨O`å#OQÍh ^≥·=
ã¨=∞HõO∆ Ö’ "åiH˜ U=∂„`«O ѨxH˜~å=Ù.
"å~°∞ #~°HÍyfl"åã¨∞Å∞. HõÅHÍÅO
JO^Œ∞Ö’<Õ Ñ¨_ç LO\Ï~°∞.
117 D Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ WǨÏÖ’Hõ
rq`«OÖ’ KÕã¨∞Î#fl Y~°∞Û f„==∞~Ú#
K«eQÍÅ∞Å∞ `«ye ã¨~°fi<åâ◊#"≥∞ÿ#112
^Œ∞~å‡~°∞æÅ á⁄ÖÏxfl áÈe#k. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
"åiÔHÖÏO\˜ J<åºÜ«∞=¸ KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞.
"åã¨Î"åxH˜ "åˆ~ `«=∞g∞^Œ `å=Ú
J<åºÜ«∞O KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞.
111. JO>Ë "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ PÜ«∞`«∞ÅÖ’ YO_çOz# q^èOŒ QÍ „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÅO`å J@∞=O\˜"å~°∞
HÍ~°∞. "åiÖ’#∂ =∞Oz "å~°∞<åfl~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ ã¨ÖÏ"£∞, Jã¨^£
a<£ Lɡ·^£, ™êÅ| a<£ ã¨JòÜ«∞ÇπÏ, LÃã·^£ a<£ ã¨JòÜ«∞ÇπÏ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞"å~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
"åiH˜ W™ê¡O ÉèÏQͺxfl J#∞„QÆÇÏ≤ OKå_»∞. xHÍ~°û~Ú# qâßfiã¨∞Ö’¡ LO_Õ ÉèÜ í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ ∞,
™êufiHõ`« "åiÖ’ ‰õÄ_® L<åfl~Ú. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åi`À#∂, "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ`À#∂
„Ѩã#¨ ∞flÅ=ÙQÍHõ! † MÏ~Ú=∞`«∞<£ (ã¨`º« OÃÑ· xÅHõ_Q» Í LO\Ï~°∞) JO>Ë +¨sJ`«∞‰õΩ,
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ(ã¨)‰õΩ q^èÕÜ«∞`« K«∂ѨÙ`å~°x ÉèÏ=O. 'Ü«∞ãπA^Œ∂<£— JO>Ë "å~°∞
~å„uѨÓ@ ^≥·"å~å^èŒ#Ö’ QÆ_»∞ѨÙ`«∂, `«Ç¨ÏA˚^£ #=∂AÅ∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. #=∂AÖ’¡
Y∞~üP<£ áê~åÜ«∞}O KÕ™êÎ~°∞. WÖÏO\˜ ã¨^Œfi~°Î#∞Å „Ѩ™êÎ=# =Ú#∞‡O^Œ∞ ‰õÄ_®
~å#∞#flk.
112. „ѨàÜ◊ ∞« k<å# Jqâßfiã¨∞Å ã¨O`å#OQÍh, "åi Pã≤áÎ êã¨∞ÅÎ ∞QÍh "åiˆHq^èOŒ QÍ#∂
`À_»Ê_»ÖË=Ù. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞, Ö’Hõ HõàϺ}O ¿Ñi@ "å~°∞ KÕ¿ã =∞Oz Ѩ#∞Å∞, "å~°∞
KÕÑ>¨ ìË ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ ‰õÄ_®–D=∂<£ ÖË#O^Œ∞=Å¡–x~°~H÷° Oõ J~ÚáÈ`å~Ú.
"åi Y~°∞Û f„="≥∞#ÿ K«eQÍe `«ye# ѨO@á⁄ÅO ÖÏO\˜k. ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ ∞ P á⁄ÖÏxfl
K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩx `≥QÆ =Úiã≤áÈÜÕ∞"å~°∞. P á⁄ÅO ^•fi~å =KÕÛ Ñ¶¨Å™êÜ«∞OÃÑ· Z<Àfl
Pâ◊Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. HÍx JHõ™ê‡`«∞ÎQÍ "åi Pâ◊Åhfl =∞\˜ìÖ’ HõÅã≤
áÈÜ«∂~Ú. nxfl|\˜ì qk`«=∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë =∞#∞+¨µÅ∞ ã¨OˆH∆=∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å
HÀã¨O ZO`«_»|∞ƒ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ\˜ì<å, Ö’HõOÖ’ "åi ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ ZO`«QÍ =∂~À‡y
áÈ~Ú<å㨈~ "åi =∞<ÀÉèí∂q∞Ö’ D=∂<£ (qâßfiã¨O) J<Õ q`«Î#O <å@∞HÀ#O`«
280
41 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
118 F qâßfiã¨∞ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ g∞ "åix
`«Ñʨ "Õi`«~∞° Å#∞ g∞ PO`«~O° y‰õΩÅ∞QÍ
KÕã¨∞HÀHõO_ç.113 W`«~°∞Å∞ g∞‰õΩ #+¨ìO
HõeyOK«\ÏxH˜ `«=∞‰õΩ ^˘iˆH U
J=HÍâßhfl q_çzÃÑ@ì~°∞. g∞~°∞ HõëêìÖ’¡
Ѩ_®Å#fl^Õ114 "åi HÀiHõ. "åiÖ’x
JHõ¯ã¨∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ "åi <À@ "≥Å¡_»
~ÚOk. WHõ "å~°∞ `«=∞ PO`«~åºÖ’¡ ^•z
LOz#k =∞iO`« f„="≥∞ÿ#k. "Õ∞=Ú
g∞ H˘~°‰õΩ ã¨∂K«#Å#∞ ã¨Ê+¨ìO KÕâß=Ú.
g∞~°∞ |∞kú=∞O`«∞ÖË J~Ú`Õ (g\˜ÃÑ·
Ü≥∂K«# KÕÜ«∞O_ç).
=~°‰õÄ Ñ¨~°Ö’Hõ rq`«OÖ’ "åiÔHÖÏO\˜ ѨO_»∂¡ Ѷ¨ÖÏÅ∞ ÅaèOK«=Ù. JHõ¯_» "åiH˜
âßtfi`«"≥∞ÿ# #~°Hõ"Õ∞ ™êfiQÆ`«O ѨÅ∞‰õΩ`«∞Ok.
113. D q+¨Ü«∞O WO`«‰õΩ=ÚO^Œ∞ ‰õÄ_® =zÛOk. nx J=ã¨~°O ^Œ$ëêì º =∞~À™êi
„Ѩ™êÎqOK«|_çOk. J~°cÖ’ 'a`å#`«<£— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO =zÛOk. PO`«~°Oy‰õΩ}˜‚,
~°Ç¨Ï™êºÅ∞ ã¨~Ú`«O `≥eã≤# q∞„`«∞}˜‚ 'a`å#`«<£— JO\Ï~°∞. =Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞, =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å∞ "≥e|∞KÕÛ Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å#∞, PO`«~åºÖ’¡
^•z=ÙOK«∞‰õΩ<Õ q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨∂zOKå_»∞. D PÜ«∞`«∞#∞, W@∞=O\˜
W`«~° PÜ«∞`«∞Å#∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩx, W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ~å[ºOÖ’ =Úã≤¡"Õ∞`«~°∞Å#∞
H©ÅHõ âßYÖ’¡ xÜ«∞q∞OK«~å^Œx, H©ÅHõ=∞~Ú# Ѩ^Œ=ÙÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® ~Ú=fi~å^Œh
ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞, q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞. XHõ LÖË¡Y#O „ѨHÍ~°O Ǩτ[`ü J|∂
=¸™ê J+πJs (~°l) QÍ~°∞ XHõ 'lg∞‡— (=Úã≤¡"Õ∞`«~°∞)x `«# =ºHÎ̃QÆ`« HÍ~°º^Œi≈QÍ
ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. D ã¨OQÆu `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ#fl Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) PÜ«∞xfl f„=OQÍ
=∞O^ŒeOK«_»"Õ∞QÍHõ WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞: ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^Œ∂~°O KÕã≤# "åix g∞~°∞ ^ŒQÆæ~°‰õΩ
KÕ~°ÛHõO_ç. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åix J==∂#Ѩ~°K«QÍ g∞~°∞ "åiH˜ Q“~°= "≥Úã¨QÆHõO_ç.
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åix #=∞‡Hõ „^ÀǨïÅ∞QÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕÜ∞« QÍ g∞~°∞ "åix PO`«~O° y‰õΩÅ∞QÍ
KÕã¨∞HÀHõO_ç.—— Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) QÍi D "åºYº‰õΩ =¸ÖÏ^è•~°O k=º
Y∞~üP<£Ö’x D =K«#"Õ∞.
W=∂"£∞ Y∞~°∞cÎ WÖÏ JO@∞<åfl~°∞ : ''D HÍÅOÖ’ „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÅ#∞ Ãã„Hõ@sÅ∞QÍ,
=ºH˜ÎQÆ`« ã¨ÅǨ^•~°∞Å∞QÍ xÜ«∞q∞OK«∞HÀ=@O =¸ÅOQÍ Ñ¨iã≤÷`«∞Å∞ =∂i
281
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
119 g∞Ô~·`Õ "åix „¿Ñq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞.115
HÍx "å~°∞ =∂„`«O q∞=∞‡efl „¿Ñq∞OK«@O
ÖË^Œ∞. g∞~°∞ „QÆO^ä•#flO`«\˜h qâ◊fiã≤ã¨∞Î
<åfl~°∞ (HÍx "å~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O ÖË^Œ∞.
=∞~°ÖÏO@ѨC_»∞ "å~°∞ g∞‰õΩ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞
ÖˇÖÏ J=Ù`å~°∞?). "å~°∞ q∞=∞‡efl HõÅã≤
#ѨC_»∞ `å=Ú qâ◊fiã≤OKå=∞x K≥|∞
`å~°∞, HÍx g∞ ^ŒQiæÆ #∞Oz `«ÑC¨ ‰õΩ#fl
ѨC_»∞ g∞ÃÑ· HÀѨOH˘nÌ `«=∞ „"Õà◊¡#∞
Hõã≤QÍ H˘~°∞‰õΩ¯O\Ï~°∞.116 ''g∞~°∞ g∞
HÀáê"Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ Kå=O_ç. xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ QÆ∞O_≥Ö’¡x QÆ∞@∞ì#∞ QÆ∞iOz
ÉÏQÍ `≥eã≤#"å_»∞—— Jx "åiH˜ K≥Ñʨ O_ç.
áÈÜ«∂~Ú. =¸~°∞öÅ∞, Jq"Õ‰õΩÅ∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞QÍ, Jg∞~°∞¡QÍ J=`«iOKå~°∞——
(`«Ñ¶‘ûÔ~ Y∞~°∞Îc). ^Œ∞~°^Œ$+¨ì=âß`«∂Î <Õ\ ˜ =Úã≤¡O ~å*ϺÅÖ’ ã¨~Ú`«O k=º
Y∞~üP<£Ö’x D Ju =ÚYº=∞~Ú# ã¨∂K«##∞ JO`«QÍ Ñ¨\ ˜ìOK«∞HÀ=@O ÖË^Œ∞.
ÃÑQ· Í =Úã≤O¡ ~å*ϺÅÖ’ =Úã≤"¡ ∞Õ `«~∞° Å∞ J`«ºO`« H©ÅHõ=∞~Ú# Ǩϟ^•Å#∞ JÅOHõ
iOKå~°∞. ^•x Ѩ~°º=™ê#O ‰õÄ_® [QÆkfik`«"Õ∞. =Úã≤¡O ~å*ϺÅ∞ QÆ#Hõ `«=∞
^ÕjÜ«∂OQÆ, q^ÕâßOQÆ =º=Ǩ~åÅÖ’, q^è•<åÅÖ’ D 'P^Õâßxfl— `«QÆ∞ suÖ’
áê\˜¿ãÎ WѨC_»∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl ÉèÏs #ëêìxfl x"åiOK«@O Jã¨OÉèí=O Ug∞ HÍ^Œ∞.
114. q∞=∞‡efl ^≥|ƒ fÜ«∞_®xH˜ "å~°∞ ã¨^• á⁄Oz =ÙO\Ï~°∞. g∞‰õΩ #+¨ìO KÕ‰õĈ~Û U
z#fl J=HÍâ◊O ^˘iH˜<å "å~°∞ ^•xfl áÈQ˘@∞ìHÀ~°∞. g∞~°∞ ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞O>Ë K«∂z
P#OkOKåÅ#fl^Õ "åi HÀiHõ. 'ÖÏÜ«∞JòÅ∂#— JO>Ë `«‰Ωõ ¯= KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_® LO_»~∞° ,
J=HÍâßxfl ѨÓiÎQÍ qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀ‰õΩO_® =^ŒeÃÑ@ì~°∞ Jx ÉèÏ=O† YÉÏÅ<£
JO>Ë #+¨ìO, <åâ◊#O† '=∂ Jx`«∞Î"£∞— JO>Ë ^Õx=¸ÅOQÍ<≥·`Õ g∞~°∞ HõëêìxH˜,
ÉÏ^èŒÅ‰õΩ QÆ∞~“`å~À† WHõ¯_» 'J#`«∞<£— J#fl Ѩ^ŒO '=Ú+¨Y¯`«∞<£— J<Õ J~°÷OÖ’
"å_»|_çOk. =Ú+¨Y¯`«∞<£ JO>Ë ÉÏ^èŒ, Hõ+¨ìO.
115. g∞~°∞ D #Ü«∞=OK«‰õΩÅ #=∂AÅ#∞ K«∂z, "åi uÜ«∞ºx =∂@Å#∞ qx
"≥∂ã¨áÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. "åix g∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞QÍ `«ÅáÈã≤, ^ŒQÆæ~°‰õΩ KÕ~°∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. HÍx
"å~°∞ x[OQÍ g∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞ HÍ~°∞. "åi J}∞=}∞=Ù<å g∞~°O>Ë q~À^èŒÉèÏ=O
"≥Åã≤ LOk.
282
42 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
120 g∞ˆ H ^≥ · < å "Õ ∞ Å∞ Hõ e y`Õ "å~° ∞
ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»`å~°∞. J^Õ g∞ˆH^≥·<å Ǩx
[iy`Õ =∂„`«O P#Ok™êÎ~∞° .117 g∞ˆ~
QÆ#Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ï#O`À, ÉèíÜ«∞Éèí‰õΩÎÅ`À
=º=ǨÏiOz#@¡~Ú`Õ "åi ‰õΩ„@
g∞ÔHÖÏO\˜ #+¨=ì ¸ KÕ‰Äõ ~°Û^Œ∞.118 ZO^Œ∞
HõO>Ë "åi HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅxflO\˜h JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
=Ú@ì_çOz L<åfl_»∞.
116. Wk "åi PO`«~°ºOÖ’ J}y=Ù#fl „HÀ^è•yflx ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk. nx `«~°∞"å`« =KÕÛ
PÜ«∞`«∞ ‰õÄ_® "åiÖ’x Jã¨Ç¨Ï<åxfl, P„QÆǨ"Õâßxfl "≥Å¡_ç™ÈÎOk.
117. qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "åi Ü≥∞_»Å HõѨ@∞ÅÖ’x f„= q~À^èŒÉèÏ"åxfl, F~°fiÖËx`«<åxfl D
"åHõºO "≥Å¡_ç™ÈÎOk. =Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ Hõeq∞ „áêÑ≤ÎOz<å, ^Õ=Ùx `À_®Ê@∞`À
"åiÔHHõ¯_»~Ú<å q[Ü«∞O =iOz<å, "åi ã¨OYºÖ’ =$kú [iy<å D HõѨ@∞Å∞
F~°∞ÛHÀÖË~∞° . ֒֒ѨÖË L_»∞‰õΩ¯O\Ï~°∞. Jã¨∂Ü«∂yflÖ’ ^ŒÇÏ≤ OK«∞‰õΩáÈ`«∂ LO\Ï~°∞.
=∞i J^Õ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ Hõ~°∞=Ù HÍ@HÍʼnõΩ Ö’#=@"≥∂, ^≥·=„Ѩ}ÏoHõ##∞ã¨iOz U
Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’#~Ú<å F@q∞ á⁄O^Œ@"≥∂ [iy`Õ =∞Ǩ ã¨O|~°Ñ_¨ áç È`å~°∞. qHõ\Ï@ì
Ǩã¨O KÕ™êÎ~°∞. WO`«H© K≥á⁄ÊKÕÛ^Õq∞@O>Ë =∞#ã¨∞Ö’¡ WO`«\˜ ‰õΩà◊√§#∞ ^•zÃÑ@∞ì
‰õΩ#fl"å~°∞ g∞ „âıÜ≥∂aèÖÏ+¨µÖˇÖÏ J=Ù`å~°∞? "åix g∞~°∞ g∞ PO`«~°Oy‰õΩÅ∞QÍ
ZÖÏ xÜ«∞q∞OK«∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞? JO^Œ∞ˆH JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü«¸^Œ∞Å`À, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ`À ã¨~Ú`«O
¿ãflǨÏO KÕÜ«∞~å^Œx `åH©^Œ∞ KÕâß_»∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® =Úã≤¡OŠѨ@¡
"≥~· É° Ïè =O Hõey L<åfl~°∞. =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ q[Ü«∞O =i¿ãÎ Jã¨ÇϨ #O`À zO^Œ∞ÖË™êÎ~∞° ,
JѨ[Ü«∞O Z^Œ∞Ô~·`Õ =∂„`«O P#O^ŒO`À Zyi QÆO`Õ™êÎ~°∞.
118. "åi =∂Ü≥∂áêÜ«∂Å #∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_Õ =∂~°æq∞k. JO>Ë HõѨ@∞Å, W™ê¡O
q~À^èŒ∞Å ‰õΩ„@Å #∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_»\ÏxH˜ L`«Î=∞suÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ï#O =Ç≤ÏOKåe.
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_∞» `«∂ LO_®e. D<å_»∞ =Úã≤=¡ ÚÅÖ’ D ~Ô O_»∞ QÆ∞}ÏÖË Ö’Ñ≤O
Kå~Ú. D HÍ~°}OQÍ<Õ "å~°∞ J#∞ºÅ PQÆ_®Å‰õΩ |e J=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. J#∞ºÅ∞
™êkèOz# Éè∫uHõ „ѨQuÆ =¸ÅOQÍ, "≥*· Ï˝xHõOQÍ ™êOˆHuHõOQÍ "å~°∞ ã¨OáêkOz#
ѨÙ~ÀQÆu =¸ÅOQÍ "åiH˜ „ѨÑO¨ KåkèHºõ `« „áêÑ≤OÎ zO^Œx KåÖÏ=∞Ok ÉèÏqã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞.
HÍx =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ J^èÀQÆuH˜ JO`«Hõ<åfl |Å"≥∞ÿ# =∞~À HÍ~°}=ÚOk – J^Õ=∞O>Ë
"å~°∞ ^è~Œ ‡° =∂~°Oæ Ö’ ã¨ÇϨ #ã¨~÷ Ú~åºÅ#∞ HÀÖ’Ê`«∞<åfl~°∞. `«=∞#∞ ã¨$+≤Oì z# ^≥"· åxH˜
ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»=Åã≤# suÖ’ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»@O ÖË^Œ∞. x*ÏxH˜ D Ô~O_»∞ q+¨Ü«∂Ö’¡<Õ "åi
283
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
121 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ! P ã¨=∞Ü«∂xfl ‰õÄ_®
[˝ÑHÎ≤ ˜ `≥K∞« ÛHÀ,) JѨC_»∞ h=Ù `≥Å`≥Å
"å~°∞`«∞O_»QÍ h WO\˜ #∞O_ç |Ü«∞Å∞
^Õi ~°}~°OQÆOÖ’ qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ "≥∂ǨÏiOK«
=Åã≤# ã¨Ö÷ ÏÅ#∞ x~å÷iOK« ™êQÍ=Ù.119
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JO`å q<Õ"å_»∞, Jhfl `≥eã≤#
"å_»∞.
q[Ü«∞ ~°Ç¨Ï㨺O ^•y LOk. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O ‰õÄ_® D Ô~O_»∂ L#flѨC_Õ
Åaèã¨∞ÎOk.
119. "≥∞*Ïi\© LÅ=∂ (q^•fiOã¨∞Å) „ѨHÍ~°O Wk LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^Œú ~°OQÍxH˜ ã¨O|OkèO
z# ã¨OѶ∞¨ @#. D ã¨OѶ∞¨ @# Ç≤Ï„r 3= ã¨O=`«û~°O, +¨"åfiÖò <≥ÅÖ’ ã¨OÉèqí OzOk.
‰õΩÑ¡ OΨ QÍ nx ѨÓ~°fi~°OQÆO Wk : U_®k „H˜`"« ∞Õ (Ç≤Ï„r 2Ö’) |„^£ Ü«Ú^Œ"ú ∞≥ ^ÿ •#OÖ’
Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ Ѷ¨∞’~° Ѩ~å[Ü«∞O Z^Œ∞~°~ÚOk. "åi "≥O@=zÛ# "åiÖ’ 70
=∞Ok JO`«=∞Ü«∂º~°∞. =∞~À _≥|ƒù~Ú=∞Ok Ü«Ú^ŒúMˇ·nÅ∞QÍ Ñ¨@∞ì|_®¤~°∞. D
Ѩ~åÉè=í O "åix `«Ö`ˇ ∞« HÎ À‰õΩO_® KÕãO≤ k. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ "å~°O`å HõÅã≤ =Úã≤=¡ ÚʼnõΩ
=ºuˆ~HõOQÍ F ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ =ӺǨÏ~°K#« KÕÜ∞« ™êQÍ~°∞. "åi =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å∞ ã¨~Ú`«O
ã¨=∞~° ã¨<åflǨÖ’¡ =ÚxyáÈÜ«∂~°∞. 3 "ÕÅ=∞Ok Ããx· ‰õΩÅ`À "å~°∞ LǨï^£ H˘O_»
^ŒQÆæ~° "≥∂ǨÏiOz L<åfl~°x `≥eã≤#O`«<Õ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) `«# ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å#∞
ã¨O„ѨuOKå~°∞. =∞n<åÖ’<Õ LO_ç â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ xÅ∞=iOKåÖÏ? ÖËHõ =∞n<å
á⁄e"Õ∞~°Å∞ ^•\˜ =zÛ â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯"åÖÏ? J#fl q+¨Ü«∞OÃÑ· ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å
ã¨ÅǨ HÀ~å~°∞. #QÆ~O° Ö’<Õ LO_ç â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯O^•=∞x H˘O`«=∞Ok ã¨Ç¨ cÅ∞
ã¨ÅǨ ~ÚKåÛ~°∞. HõѨ\Ï„ˆQã¨~°∞_≥·# J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· ‰õÄ_® W^Õ Jaè„áêÜ«∂xfl
"≥Å¡_çOKå_»∞. J~Ú`Õ |„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ áêÖÁæ<Õ J=HÍâ◊O ÅaèOK«x H˘O`«=∞Ok
B`åûÇ≤ÏHõ ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å∞ =∞n<å á⁄e"Õ∞~°Å∞ ^•\˜áÈ~Ú, |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’
`«ÅѨ_»\ÏxˆH „áê^è•#º`« ~ÚKåÛ~°∞. PÜ«∞# (ã¨Jã¨O) `«# ‰õΩ\©~°O ֒ѨeH˜
"≥o§ ™êÜ«Ú^èŒ∞Öˇ· =KåÛ~°∞. |Ǩïâß `å=Ú ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) =∞<ÀQÆ`åxH˜
q~°∞^ŒOú QÍ ã¨ÅǨ~ÚzÛ, PÜ«∞xfl W|ƒO^Œ∞Ö’¡ ÃÑ\Ïì"∞Õ "≥∂##fl ã¨Oâ◊Ü∞« O`À ~Ô O_À
=~°Oæ "å~°∞ H˜Oz`ü ã≤Q∞Æ Ñæ _¨ ®¤~∞° . ''^≥=· „Ѩ=HÍÎ! #QÆ~O° Ö’<Õ LO_ç â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ ZkiO
KåÅ#flk g∞ HÀiHõ J~Ú`Õ JÖψQ HÍx=fiO_ç. WHõ¯_»∞O_Õ â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯O^•O——
Jx "å~°∞ K≥áêÊ~°∞ ‰õÄ_®. ^•xHÍÜ«∞# (ã¨) ''Ü«Ú^Œú=„™êÎÅ#∞ `˘_çy# `«~åfi`«
284
43 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
122 g∞Ö’x Ô~O_»∞ ã¨=¸Ç¨Å "åi
P`«‡qâßfiã¨O ã¨#flye¡#ѨC_»∞120 JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
"åiH˜ JO_»QÍ L<åfl_»∞.121 qâßfiã¨∞Öˇ#·
"å~°∞ ã¨^• JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ #=Ú‡HÀ"åe.
123 |„^£ (Ü«Ú^ŒúO)Ö’ g∞~°∞ J`«ºO`«
^ŒÜ«∞hÜ«∞ã≤÷uÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
q∞=∞‡efl P^Œ∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.122 HÍ|\˜ì
JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç.
`«^•fi~å g∞‰õΩ Hõ$`«[˝`«Å∞ `≥Å∞ѨىõΩ<Õ
ã¨^Œ∞ƒkú „áêÑ≤Îã¨∞ÎOk.
124 (D Hõ$`«[˝`«Å =¸ÅOQÍ<Õ g∞‰õΩ
ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åÅ∞ JO^Œ=K«∞Û. (F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ!) h=Ù qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ F^•iÛ# P
Ѷ¨∞_çÜ«∞Å#∞ HÍã¨Î *Ï˝Ñ¨HõO KÕã¨∞HÀ!)
''Uq∞\©, PHÍâ◊O #∞Oz =¸_»∞ "ÕÅ
=∞Ok ^Œ∂`«Å#∞ kOÑ≤ g∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù
g∞‰õΩ `À_»Ê_»@O g∞‰õΩ KåÅ^•?—— Jx
JѨC_»∞ #∞=Ùfi "åi`À J<åfl=Ù.
"å\˜x q_»∞=@O XHõ ^≥=· „Ѩ=Hõ‰Î Ωõ U=∂„`«O â’aèOK«^∞Œ —— Jx x+¨¯~°¬QÍ K≥áêÊ~°∞.
Hõ_»‰õΩ "≥~Úº=∞Ok =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ |Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~å~°∞. f~å ~°}~°OQÍxH˜ KÕ~°∞
‰õΩO@∂ LO_»QÍ HõѨ@∞Å ã¨~åÌ~°∞ J~Ú# J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ `«#
ã¨ÅǨ#∞ áê\˜OK«ÖË^Œ#fl ™ê‰õΩ`À =¸_»∞=O^ŒÅ =∞Okx "≥O@ɡ@∞ì‰õΩx WO\˜
=ÚYO Ѩ\Ïì_»∞. J`«x D PHõã≤‡Hõ x~°‚Ü«∞O`À KåÖÏ=∞Ok =Úã≤¡O Ü≥∂^èŒ∞Å
P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O h~°∞QÍiáÈ~ÚOk. ^•x „ѨÉèÏ=O P Ü«Ú^ŒúOÃÑ· ‰õÄ_® Ѩ_çOk
(Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
120. Jq Bãπ, Y„[*ò‰õΩ K≥Ok# Ô~O_»∞ `≥QÆÅ∞ (|#∂ Ǩiã¨, |#∂ ã¨Å=∞).
121. P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åiÖ’ P`«‡qâßfi™êxfl ÃÑOá⁄OkOz, ^è~·≥ åºxfl ‰õÄ_»Q\Æ ,ì̃
"åiH˜ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ =∞OkOKå_»∞.
122. ã¨OMϺѨ~°OQÍ#∂, PÜ«Ú^èŒ ™ê=∞„y s`åº#∞ g∞~°∞ J`«ºO`« |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞Å∞QÍ L#fl
285
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
125 ''J=Ù#∞. g∞ˆ~QÆ#Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ï#O
=Ç≤ÏOz, ÉèíÜ«∞Éèí‰õΩÎÅ`À "≥∞ÅQÆ∞`«∂
LO_ç, "å~°∞ (^≥·= q~À^èŒ∞Å∞) W^Õ
P"Õâ◊O`À g∞ÃÑ·H˜ ^ŒO_≥uÎ=¿ãÎ, g∞
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù S^Œ∞"ÕÅ =∞Ok123 „Ѩ`ÕºHõ
zǨflÅ∞QÆÅ124 ^Œ∂`«Å`À g∞‰õΩ
™êÜ«∞=∞Ok™êÎ_∞» .——
ѨC_»∞ PÜ«∞# g∞‰õΩ JѨÓ~°fiOQÍ `À_»Ê_®¤_»∞. P ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ =Úã≤¡OÅ ã¨OYº
313 =∂„`«"Õ∞. ˆH=ÅO Ô~O_»∞ QÆ∞„~åÅ∞, 70 XO>ˇÅ∞<åfl~Ú. q∞ye# "å~°O`å
HÍe#_»Hõ# =KåÛ~°∞ (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
123. |„^£ "≥∞ÿ^•#O "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ |Ü«∞Å∞^ÕiOk Ü«Ú^ŒúO HÀã¨O HÍ^Œ∞. ‰õΩÔ~·+π‰õΩ
K≥Ok# =~°ÎHõ a_®~°∞#∞ `«xv KÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞ "åi L^ÕÌâ◊O. HÍx f~å JHõ¯_çH˜
KÕ~∞° ‰õΩ<Õãi¨ H˜ =∞Hͯ =Ú„+≤‰Ωõ ¯Å XHõ ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ãã#· ºO ã¨HÅõ Ü«Ú^Œãú <¨ åflǨÅ`À, ã¨=∞~°
<å^ŒO KÕã¨∂Î =™ÈÎO^Œx ã¨=∂Kå~°O JOkOk. D "å~°Î q#flO`«<Õ =Úã≤¡OÅÖ’
HõÅ=~°O "≥Ú^ŒÅ~ÚOk. "åiÖ’ PO^Àà◊#`Àáê@∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ QÆ\˜ìQÍ |∞kú
K≥áêÊÅ<Õ ÉèÏ"À^ÕfiQÍÅ∞ á⁄OQÆ∞H˘KåÛ~Ú. P `«~∞° "å`« JO^Œ~∂° Hõeã≤ ^≥=· ã¨xflkèÖ’
Hõ_»∞ n#OQÍ "Õ_»∞HÀ=@O [iyOk. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åi "≥Ú~°Å#∞ PÅH˜OKå_»∞.
=ÚO^Œ∞QÍ "≥~Úº=∞Okx, P `«~åfi`« =¸_»∞ "ÕÅ=∞Ok ^Œ∂`«Å#∞ ™êÜ«∞OQÍ
ѨOÑ≤™êÎ#x JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ â◊√Éèí"å~°Î JO^Œ*Ëâß_»∞. g∞~°∞ ã¨Ç¨Ï<åxfl áê\˜ã¨∂Î, JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂ L#fl ѨHõ∆OÖ’ â◊„`«∞ Ãã·#ºO g∞ÃÑ· WѨC_»∞#fl P„QÆǨ"ÕâßÅ`À<Õ
^•_ç KÕã≤#@¡~Ú`Õ S^Œ∞"ÕÅ ^Œ∂`«Å#∞ ѨOÑ≤ J~Ú<å g∞‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O KÕ™êÎ#x
"åQÍÌ#O KÕâß_»∞. (HÍx =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å L`åûǨÏO HÍ™êÎ Hõ^Œ# ~°OQÍxH˜ ~åQÍ<Õ
h~°∞QÍiáÈ~ÚOk. ~°}~°OQÍxH˜ KÕ~°∞HÀHõ=ÚO^Õ "åi „âı}∞Ö’¡ ÉèË^•aè„áêÜ«∞O
á⁄_»ã¨∂Ñ≤Ok. H˘O`«=∞Ok =∞Hͯ‰õΩ uiy"≥o§áÈÜ«∂~°∞. =zÛ# "åiÖ’ ‰õÄ_®
H˘xfl `≥QÅÆ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ ã¨∞=ÚYOQÍ ÖË~∞° ). Z@ìHˆ ʼnõΩ =¸_»∞ "ÕÅ=∞Ok
^Œ∂`«Å ™êÜ«∞O`À<Õ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ q[Ü«∞O ÅaèOzOk. J~Ú^Œ∞"ÕÅ =∞Ok ^Œ∂`«Å∞
~å=Åã≤# J=ã¨~°O ‰õÄ_® ÖËHõáÈ~ÚOk. J~Ú`Õ J~Ú^Œ∞"ÕÅ =∞On =KåÛ~°x
H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞.
124. JO>Ë "å~°∞ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Åx QÆ∞~°∞ÎѨ@ì_®xH˜ H˘xfl „Ѩ`ÕºHõ P#"åà◊√¡ LO\Ï~Ú.
286
44 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
126 JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ g∞ H˘~°‰Ωõ nxx â◊√Éè"í å~°Î
QÍ#∂, WOHÍ g∞ =∞<Àx|ƒ~°O HÀã¨O
[iˆQ U~åÊ@∞QÍ#∂ KÕâß_»∞. Ü«∞^•~å÷
xH˜ Jã¨Å∞ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O =∂„`«O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù #∞Oz ÅaèOKÕ^Õ. PÜ«∞#
ã¨~åfikè‰Ωõ º_»∞, q"ÕK<« åѨ~∞° _»∞.
127 Jqâßfiã¨∞ÅÖ’x XHõ =~°æO Hõ^äŒ
=ÚyOK«_®xH˜ ÖË^• "åix Ѩ~åÉèí=O
áêÅ∞KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜,("å~°O`å) F@q∞áêÖˇ·
"≥#∞uiyáÈ=\ÏxH˜ QÍ#∞125 (JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
g∞‰õΩ D ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞=∞OkOKå_»∞).
128 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ! D =º=Ǩ~°OÖ’)
hÔHÖÏO\˜ x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O ÖË^Œ∞.126
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ (QÆ#Hõ `«e¿ã)Î "åi ѨâßÛ`åÎáêxfl
P"≥∂k™êÎ_∞» ÖË^• "åix tH˜™∆ êÎ_∞» .127
„Ѩã¨∞Î`åxH˜ "å~°∞ J„Hõ=∂xH˜ áêÅÊ_ç#
"åˆ~!
125. ã¨~fi° â◊‰Ωõ _Î ∞» , ã¨~åfikè‰Ωõ _≥#· ^≥=· ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞ Ѷe¨ `«q∞k. J<£áê¶ Öò ã¨∂~åÖ’ ^≥=· ^Œ∂`«Å
ã¨OYº "≥~Úº Jx `≥Å∞Ѩ|_çOk. ''g∞~°∞ g∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O HÀã¨O Ji÷Oz#ѨÙ_»∞,
PÜ«∞# g∞ JÉèíº~°÷##∞ PÅH˜ã¨∂Î "≥~Úº=∞Ok ^Œ∂`«Å ^•fi~å g∞‰õΩ `À_»Ê_»`å#x,
"å~°∞ =~°∞ã¨QÍ g∞ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ =™êÎ~°x J<åfl_»∞—— (J<£ á¶êÖò – 9). D "åHõºO ^•fi~å
É’^èÑŒ _¨ ^Õ qÕ ∞@O>Ë ^≥=· ^Œ∂`«Å∞ x*ÏxH˜ =zÛOk "≥~Úº=∞O^Õ. J~Ú`Õ J=ã¨~åxfl
|\˜ì =¸_»∞"ÕÅ =∞OkQÍh, J~Ú^Œ∞"ÕÅ =∞OkQÍh ѨOѨ|_»`å~°x "åQÍÌ#O
KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. HÍx P J=ã¨~O° U~°Ê_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ . HÍ|\˜ì =¸_»∞ "ÕÅ=∞Ok ÖËHõ J~Ú^Œ∞
"ÕÅ =∞Ok ^≥=· ^Œ∂`«Å∞ ~åÖË^hŒ , =Úã≤O¡ Å P`«‡ qâßfi™êxfl W#∞=∞_çOѨ *ËÜ∞« @"Õ∞
nx L^ÕÌâ◊º=∞h, Jã¨Å∞ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ`Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ^Õ#x H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞
"åºMϺxOKå~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ^Œ∂`«Å J=ã¨~°OQÍh, "Õ~˘Hõi J=ã¨~°OQÍh ÖË^Œ∞.
PÜ«∞# ã¨~°fiâ◊‰õΩÎ_»∞, ã¨~°fiA˝_»∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« PÜ«∞# |„^£ ~°OQÆOÖ’ =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ
JO_»QÍ xeKå_»∞. Ѷe¨ `«OQÍ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ K«i„`å`«‡Hõ q[Ü«∞O =iOzOk. Jqâßfi
ã¨∞Å, q∞^䕺"å^Œ∞Å â◊H˜Î ã¨#flye¡Ok. ã¨`«º u~°™ê¯~°∞Å JǨÏO J}˜yOk
(Sã¨~°∞`«Îá¶êã‘~ü).
287
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
129 Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅÖ’ =Ù#fl^ŒO`å
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ^Õ. PÜ«∞# `å#∞ HÀi# "åix
Hõq∆ ∞™êÎ_∞» , `å#∞ HÀi# "åix tH˜™∆ êÎ_∞» .
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Hõ∆q∞OKÕ"å_»∂, Hõ~°∞}˜OKÕ"å_»∞
‰õÄ_®#∞.
130 F qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "å~°ÖÏ~å! kfiQÆ∞}©
Hõ$`«O, |ǨïQÆ∞}©Hõ$`«O KÕã≤ =_ô¤x
u#HõO_ç.128 g∞~°∞ ™êѶŨ ºO á⁄O^Œ\Ï
xH˜ QÍ#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç.
126. JO>Ë D Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ ã¨<å‡~°æO K«∂Ѩ@"≥∞ÿ<å, ÖËHõ "åi q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ =∞ˆ~^≥·<å
x~°‚Ü«∞O ÔQ·H˘#@=∞~Ú<å – J^ŒO`å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ LOk. ǨÏnã¨∞Å „ѨHÍ~°O
LǨï^£ ~°}~°OQÆOÖ’ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åi ^ŒO`åÅ∞ ~åe
áÈÜ«∂~Ú. =ÚMÏ~°qO^•xH˜ ‰õÄ_® QÍÜ«∞"≥∞ÿOk. JѨC_®Ü«∞# (ã¨) ''„Ѩ=HõÎ#∞
QÍÜ«∞Ѩ~°z# *Ïu ZÖÏ ÉÏQÆ∞Ѩ_»∞`«∞Ok?—— Jx ѨeHÍ~°∞. JO>Ë WHõ "å~°∞
ã¨<å‡~°æO á⁄O^Õ J=HÍâßÅ∞ =∞$Qƺ"≥∞ÿáÈÜ«∂Ü«∞#fl ÉèÏ=O PÜ«∞# (ã¨) =∂@Ö’¡
=ºHõÎ=∞~ÚOk. JѨC_»∞ D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk.
=∞iH˘xfl LÖËY¡ <åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O PÜ«∞# (ã¨) H˘O`«=∞Ok Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ â◊ÑO≤ K«\ÏxH˜
'Y∞#∂`≥ <ålÖÏ— ‰õÄ_® (#=∂AÖ’) KÕ¿ã"å~°∞. ^•xÃÑ· D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOK«QÍ
PÜ«∞# (ã¨) Y∞#∂`≥ <ålÖÏÖ’ "åix â◊ÑO≤ K«@O =∂<Õâß~°∞ (Wɡfl Hõã~‘ ,ü Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò
Yn~ü). =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)‰õΩ ã¨~åfikèHÍ~åÅ∞ HõÅ=x "åkOKÕ"åiH˜ D PÜ«∞`«∞
Hõ#∞qѨC HÍ"åe. `å#∞ `«Åz# "åi#ÖÏ¡ ã¨<å‡~åæ# ÃÑ>Ëì JkèHÍ~°O PÜ«∞#
(ã¨)‰õΩ ÖË^Œ∞. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞ ^≥·=ã¨O^Õâßxfl =∂#"åoH˜ JO^Œ*Ëã≤, "åix #~°HÍyfl
ÉÏi#∞Oz HÍáê_»\ÏxH˜ x~°O`«~O° Ѩi`«Ñã≤ ∂¨ Î LO\Ï~°#flk JHõ~∆ ° ã¨`º« "≥∞#ÿ ѨÊ\˜H,©
P ã¨<å‡~°æ ÉèÏQͺxfl „Ѩ™êkOKÕ"å_»∞ =∂„`«O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜÕ∞#x =∞~°∞=~å^Œ∞.
127. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ Z=i#~Ú`Õ â◊Ñ≤OKå~À "å~°O`å Hõ_»‰õΩ W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOKå~°∞. ^Õ=Ù_»∞
"åiH˜ ã¨^Œ∞ƒkúxKåÛ_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì ã¨~åfikèHÍi, JQÀK«~° q+¨Ü«∂Å *Ï˝x ˆH=ÅO
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜÕ∞#x J=QÆ`«=∞=Ù`ÀOk.
128. LǨï^£ áÈ~å@OÖ’ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ Z^Œ∞~°~Ú# JѨ[Ü«∂xH˜ Jã¨Å∞ HÍ~°}O ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ
Ѩ@¡ Jq^èÜ Õ ∞« `«, ^è#Œ "åº"≥∂ǨÏO. JO^Œ∞Hˆ "åix ^è#Œ "åº"≥∂ǨÏOÖ’ Ju ÉèÜ í ∞« O
Hõ~° ~°∂Ѩ"∞≥ #ÿ '=_ô™¤ ⁄=Ú‡— q+¨Ü∞« "≥∞ÿ ÃÇÏK«ÛiOK«@O [iyOk. =∞x+≤Ö’ ^è#Œ "åº"≥∂
288
45 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
131 Jqâßfiã¨∞Å H˘~°‰õΩ ã≤^ŒúO KÕÜ«∞
|_ç# #~°HÍyflH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç.
132 ^≥·"åxH˜, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõΉõΩ q^èÕÜ«∞`«
K«∂ѨO_ç – `«^•fi~å g∞~°∞ HõxHõiOK«|_Õ
J=HÍâ◊O LOk.
133 g∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Hõ∆=∂aèHõ∆
"≥Ñ· Ù¨ #‰õΩ, ã¨fi~°Oæ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ #‰õΩ Ѩ~∞° QÔ `«OÎ _ç.129
^•x "≥_»Å∞Ê Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅO`«
LO@∞Ok. Jk ÉèíÜ«∞Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ QÆÅ"åi
HÀã¨O `«Ü∂« ~°∞ KÕÜ∞« |_çOk.
Ǩxfl, ¿Ñ~åâ◊#∞ ÃÑOz J`«xfl Ѩ~°=∞Ö’aèQÍ, Hõiî<å`«∞‡xQÍ =∂ˆ~Û =∞ǨÏ=∂‡i
'=_ô¤.— Z<ÀflÔ~@∞¡ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ áÈÜÕ∞ =_ô¤x u#HõO_ç Jx J#\Ïxfl|\˜ì `«‰õΩ¯=
=_ô¤ J~Ú`Õ fã¨∞HÀ=KåÛ? J#fl ã¨O^ÕǨxfl Z=~°~Ú<å "≥e|∞K«Û=K«∞Û. HÍx
nxÉèÏ=O Wk ZO`«=∂„`«O HÍ^Œ∞. `«‰õΩ¯"≥·<å Z‰õΩ¯"≥·<å =_ô¤ =_ô¤ÜÕ∞. Jk x+≤^ŒúO
(ǨÏ~å"£∞) J#flk xifi"å^•Oâ◊O. J*Ï˝# HÍÅOÖ’ xs‚`« QÆ_»∞=ÙÃÑ· ~°∞}„QÆã¨∞Î_»∞
~°∞}Ïxfl K≥e¡OK«HõáÈ`Õ, J`«xH˜ =∞iH˘O`« QÆ_»∞=Ù ~ÚzÛ, ÃÑOz# QÆ_»∞=Ù#∞|\˜ì
=∞iO`« Z‰õΩ¯= =_ô¤ =_ç¤OK«|_Õk. (=∞#<å@ nxfl K«„Hõ=_ô¤QÍ =º=ǨÏi™êÎ~°∞) D
=_ô¤ ™⁄=Ú‡ WO`≥· JO`≥· – k# k# „Ѩ=~°=÷ ∂#"≥∞ÿ – ~°∞}„QÆã∞¨ xÎ áêe@ Ѩ~fi° `«OÖÏ
`«Ü«∂~°=Ù`«∞Ok. XHõ ™ê=∂#º =∞x+≤ rq`åO`«O P TaÖ’ #∞Oz |Ü«∞@
Ѩ_Ö» _Ë ∞» . JO^Œ∞Hˆ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åiH˜ Ç≤Ï`ÀѨ^âÕ O◊ KÕâß_»∞ – 'JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_O» _ç,
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å H˘~°‰õΩ ã≤^ŒúO KÕÜ«∞|_ç# #~°HÍyflH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»O_ç— Jx! g∞ˆ~QÆ#Hõ
=_ô¤ ™⁄=Ú‡#∞ u#@O =∂#HõáÈ`Õ, D *Ï_»ºO q∞=∞‡efl „Hõ=∞„Hõ=∞OQÍ Jqâßfiã¨
ã≤÷uH˜ KÕiÛ, P `«~°∞"å`« #~°HÍyflH˜ PǨïu KÕã¨∞ÎOk J#fl ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ ‰õÄ_® D
LѨ^Õâ◊OÖ’ JO`«s¡#"≥∞ÿ LOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë =_ô¤ u#@O JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ, PÜ«∞#
„Ѩ=HõΉõΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ Ü«Ú^ŒúO KÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞.
129. ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ, „áêѨOzHõ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ Ѩ~°∞QÆ∞Å∞ fã≤ Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ
rq`åxfl áê_»∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ |^Œ∞Å∞ ^≥·=O =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõΉõΩ q^èÕÜ«ÚÖˇ· ^Õ=Ùx
Hõ∆=∂aèHõ∆#∞, ã¨fi~°æÖ’HÍxfl á⁄O^Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕÜ«∞O_ç, P ã¨fi~åæxfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«#‰õΩ
ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂ rq`«O QÆ_ç¿Ñ"åi HÀã¨O `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕâß_»x J~°÷O. P ^≥·=cèuѨ~°∞Å
H˘xfl ã¨^Œ∞æ}ÏÅ∞ `«~°∞"åu =K«<åÖ’¡ qâ◊nHõiOK«|_®¤~Ú.
289
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
134 "å~°∞ Hõeq∞Ö’#∂, ÖËq∞Ö’#∂
(^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’) Y~°∞ÛKÕ™êÎ~∞° .130 HÀáêxfl
kQÆ„q∞OQÆ∞`å~°∞,131 „Ѩ[ŠѨ@¡ =∞xflO
ѨÙÅ "≥·Yix J=ÅOa™êÎ~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
WÖÏO\˜ 㨠^ •Kå~° 㨠O Ѩ # ∞flÅ<Õ
„¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞.
135 `«=∞ ^•fi~å U^≥·<å huÉÏǨϺ"≥∞ÿ#
Ѩx [iyáÈ`Õ ÖË^• `«=∞ P`«‡Å‰õΩ "å~°∞
U^≥·<å J<åºÜ«∞O KÕã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë "≥O@<Õ
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ `«ÅK«∞‰õΩx, `«=∞ áêáêÅ
Hõ=∆ ∂Ѩ}HÔ · "Õ_∞» ‰õΩO\Ï~°∞.132 – x*ÏxH˜
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê áêáêÅ#∞ Hõ∆q∞OKÕ
"å_≥=_»∞<åfl_»∞? – "å~°∞ `«=∞ =Å¡
[iyOk `«ÑC¨ Jx `≥eã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ ^•xÃÑ·
ǨÏ@O K≥Ü«∞º~°∞.
136 `«=∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞Oz Hõ=∆ ∂aèH,∆õ
„H˜O^Œ HÍÅ∞=Å∞ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ã¨fi~°=æ <åÅ∞
„ѨuѶŨ OQÍ ÅaèOKÕk W@∞=O\˜ "åiˆH.
"å\˜Ö’ "å~°∞ ZÅ¡HÍÅO LO\Ï~°∞. D
ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞ KÕ¿ã"åiH˜ ÅaèOKÕ Ñ¨Ù}ºÑ¶Å¨ O
ZO`« K«H¯õ xk!
130. JO>Ë "å~°∞ `«=∞ =^ŒÌ _»|∞ƒ L#flѨC_ÕHÍ^Œ∞, Pi÷Hõ ~Ú|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ L#flѨC_»∞
‰õÄ_® ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ "≥#∞HÍ_»_»∞. ZÅ¡"Õà◊ÖÏ "å~°∞ ѨÙ}Ϻ~°˚#
HÀã¨O ã≤^ŒúOQÍ LO\Ï~°∞.
131. ÉÏQÍ HÀѨO =zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞ "å~°∞ P"Õâ◊OÖ’ TyáȉõΩO_®, ^•xfl ֒֒ѨÖË J}K«∞
‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. P„QÆǨÏOÖ’#∂ x„QÆǨxfl „Ѩ^Œi≈™êÎ~°∞. Hõã≤ f~°∞ÛHÀQÆÅ J=HÍâ◊O
LO_ç ‰õÄ_® `«=∞#∞ `å=Ú Hõ\˜ìѨ_Õã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ `«=∞‰õΩ HÀѨO `≥Ñ≤ÊOz#
"åix =∞xflOz á⁄=∞‡O\Ï~°∞.
132. JO>Ë =∂#= ã¨Ç¨Ï["≥∞ÿ# ^Ò~°ƒÅºO =Å¡ "åi ^•fi~å U^≥·<å hu=∂e# Ѩx
[iy<å, JÅã¨`fi« O =Å¡ U^≥<· å J<åºÜ«∂xH˜ X_çQ\Æ <ì˜ å "≥O@<Õ `Õ~∞° ‰õΩx JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ #∞
290
46 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
137 g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜
Ѷ¨∞@#Å∞ [iQÍ~Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ (k=º ã¨O^Õ
âßxfl) kèHõ¯iOz# "åiH˜ Ѩ\˜ì# QÆ`Õ
q∞\’ Éè∂í q∞Ö’ ã¨OK«iOz K«∂_»O_ç.133
138 ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ*ÏhHõO HÀã¨O Wk (D
Y∞~üP<£) XHõ É’^è#Œ . ÉèÜ í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ ∞
HõÅ"åi HÀã¨"≥∞ÿ`Õ Wk =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HõO
=∞iÜ«Ú Ç≤Ï`ÀѨ^Õâ◊O.
㨇i™êÎ~°∞. 'JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ! Hõ∆q∞OK«∞— Jx „áêi÷™êÎ~°∞. [iy# `«Ñ¨CÃÑ· ã≤QÆ∞æ`À
‰õΩq∞eáÈ`å~°∞.
133. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ =Úã≤¡O Ãã·x‰õΩÅ∞ 700 =∞Ok =~°‰õÄ L<åfl~°∞. "åiÖ’
qÅ∞q^ŒºÖ’ „áêg}ºO QÆÅ "å~°∞ 50 =∞Ok ^•HÍ L<åfl~°∞. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)
"å~°O^Œih XHõ ^Œà◊OQÍ q_»nã≤ J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Aɡ·~ü (~°l) <Õ`«$`«fiOÖ’ XHõ
Ѩ~°fi`« QÆ∞@ìÃÑ· "≥∂ǨÏiOKå~°∞. q[Ü«∞O ÅaèOz<å, JѨ[Ü«∞O Z^Œ∞Ô~·<å P
ã¨Å÷ O #∞Oz =∂„`«O Hõ^ÅŒ =^ŒxÌ "åiH˜ QÆ\Qì˜ Í `åH©^∞Œ ‰õÄ_® KÕâß~°∞. P "≥Ñ· Ù¨ #∞Oz
U Jâ◊fi^ŒàO◊ =zÛ<å ÉÏ}Ïxfl ã¨OkèOz, ^•xfl "≥#H˜¯ <≥\ÏìÅx ‰õÄ_® ã¨∂zOKå~°∞.
J~Ú`Õ =Úã≤O¡ Å∞ P~°OÉèOí Ö’ q[Ü«∞O ™êkèOz, q[Ü«∞„áêÑ≤xÎ áÈQÆ∞KÕã∞¨ HÀ=@O
"åi HõO@Ѩ_çOk. ^•O`À Ѩ~°fi`«QÆ∞@ìÃÑ· "≥∂ǨÏiOz L#fl [@∞ìÖ’ XH˜O`«
L`åûǨÏO L~°HÅõ ∞ "ÕãO≤ k. `å=¸ q[Ü«∞ „áêÑ≤HÎ Àã¨O ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ áȉõÄ_»^∞Œ ?!
J#fl P„`«O Z‰õΩ¯=~ÚOk. D q+¨Ü«∞OÃÑ· "åiÖ’ ÉèË^•aè„áêÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_®
á⁄_»ã∂¨ Ñ≤Ok. "å~°∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) QÍi Ç≤Ï`ÀѨ^âÕ ßxH˜ <å<å~å÷Å∞ fÜ«∞™êQÍ~°∞.
Ü«Ú^ŒúO [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flO`« ¿ãÑ¨Ó ZHõ¯_çH© "≥à◊§‰õΩO_® ~ÚHõ¯_Õ LO_»=∞x ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ
=∞#‰õΩ K≥áêÊ~°∞. WѨC_≥ÖÏQÆ∂ Ü«Ú^ŒúO =Úyã≤Ok. â◊„`«∞¿ã#Å∞ ѨÖÏÜ«∞#O
z`«Îyã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. J@∞=O@ѨC_»∞ =∞#O ~ÚHõ¯_» k‰õΩ¯Å∞ K«∂ã¨∂Î ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ
xÅ|_®e? Jx H˘O^Œ~°∞ K≥áêÊ~°∞. JO`Õ, Ѩk=∞Ok ã¨Ç¨cÅ∞ q∞#Ǩ q∞ye#
"å~°O`å xs‚`« ã¨÷ÖÏxfl =^Œe"≥o§, q[Ü«∞„áêÑ≤Î HÀã¨O ZQÆ|_®¤~°∞. D J=HÍâ◊O
^˘iH˜O^Õ `«_»=ÙQÍ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ P Ѩ~°fi`« QÆ∞@ì g∞^Œ∞QÍ<Õ =zÛ "≥∞~°∞ѨÙ^•_ç KÕã≤
=Úã≤¡OÅ#∞ #Å∞"≥·Ñ¨ÙÅ #∞Op =Ú@ì_çOKå~°∞. =Úã≤¡OÅÖ’ f„="≥∞ÿ# QÆO„^ŒQÀà◊O
<≥ÅH˘Ok. J#∂ǨϺ"≥∞ÿ# D Ѩi}Ï=∞O #∞Oz "å~°∞ `Õ~°∞HÀÖËHõáÈÜ«∂~°∞. nO`À
ã¨Ç¨Ï[OQÍ<Õ "åiH˜ ZO`À #+¨ìO "å\˜e¡Ok. D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åix
291
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
139 „‰õΩOyáÈHõO_ç, ^Œ∞ódOK«HõO_ç.134
qâßfiã¨∞Å∞QÍ LO>Ë Hõ_‰» Ωõ g∞ˆ~ PkèHºõ `«
á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞.
140 g∞~°∞ ^≥|ƒu<åfl~°#∞‰õΩO>Ë g∞
„Ѩ`«º~°∞÷Å∞ ‰õÄ_® JÖψQ ^≥|ƒu<åfl~°∞.
"Õ∞=Ú D HÍÅK«„HÍxfl [#∞Å =∞^茺
„uѨC`«∂ LO\Ï=Ú.135 (LǨï^£
Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ g∞‰õΩ Z^Œ∞Ô~·# JѨ[Ü«∂xH˜
Jã¨Å∞ HÍ~°}O Uq∞@O>Ë) g∞Ö’
(xHÍ~°û~Ú#) qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ Z=~À JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
K«∂Ñ≤OK«^ŒeKå_»∞. g∞Ö’ H˘O^ŒiH˜
'+¨Ç¨^Œ`ü— (g~° =∞~°}) ™ê÷~Úx ‰õÄ_®
PÜ«∞# „Ѩ™êkOK«^eŒ Kå_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ #∞ ã¨∞`«~å=¸ W+¨Ñì _¨ _» ∞» .
F^•~°Û^ŒeKå_»∞ – WÖÏO\˜ Ѷ∞¨ @# g∞ˆH Ѩiq∞`«O HÍ^Œ∞. QÆ`H« ÍÅOÖ’#∂ WÖÏO\˜
"≥·Ñ¨s`åºÅ∞ [iQÍ~Ú. Z@ìˆHʼnõΩ ^≥·"åxfl, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ u~°ã¨¯iOz# "åˆ~
#+¨áì È`å~°∞.
134. „H˜`«O™êi Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ g∞‰õΩ #+¨ìO "å\˜e¡# ã¨OQÆu x["Õ∞. JO`«=∂„`å# g∞~°∞
Hõ$OyáÈ=Åã≤#, ^Œ∞ódOK«=Åã≤# ѨxÖË^∞Œ . g∞Ö’<Õ QÆ#Hõ qâßfiã¨âH◊ Θ L#fl@¡~Ú`Õ
JOu=∞ q[Ü«∞O g∞ˆH Åaèã∞¨ OÎ k. JO>Ë g∞ q[Ü«∞ ~°ÇϨ 㨺O qâßfiã¨O (D=∂<£)
Ö’<Õ ^•y LO^Œx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D "åHõºOÖ’ ã¨Ê+¨ìѨiKå_»∞. D ã¨OѶ¨∞@# `«~°∞"å`«
[iy# Ü«Ú^•úÅxflO\˜Ö’#∂ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ `«=∞ PkèHõº`«#∞ x~°∂Ñ≤OK«∞HÀ=@O
QÆ=∞<å~°›O.
135. Wq =∞~À q^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ ™êO`«fi# =K«<åÅ∞. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ g∞ ѨHO∆õ "åiH˜ Z‰õΩ¯=
QÍÜ«∂Öˇ·<åÜ«∞x ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»HõO_ç. g∞ â◊„`«∞=~åæxH˜ ‰õÄ_® |„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’, LǨï^£
Ü«Ú^Œú „áê~°OÉèíOÖ’ WÖÏO\˜ QÍÜ«∂ÖË `«yÖÏ~Ú. [Ü«∂Ѩ[Ü«∂Å∞ ^≥·"ånè#O.
D HÍÅ K«„HõѨ٠ZQÆ∞à◊√§ kQÆ∞à◊§#∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ g∞ =∞^茺 fã¨∞‰õΩ=ã¨∞ÎO\Ï_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì
g∞~°∞ J==∂# ÉèÏ~°O`À Hõ$OyáȉõΩO_® qâßfi™êxfl, ^è≥·~åºxfl ‰õÄ_»QÆ@∞ìHÀO_ç
Jx nxÉèÏ=O.
292
47 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
141 D ѨsHõ∆ ^•fi~å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã≤ã¨Öˇ·#
qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ "Õ~°∞ KÕã≤ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞
`«∞^Œ=Ú\˜Oì K«^eŒ Kå_»∞.136
142 Uq∞\©, g∞~°∞ ã¨fi~°æOÖ’ (W>Ëì)
„Ѩ"tÕ OK«QÅÆ =∞x J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~å?137
"åã¨"Î åxH˜ g∞Ö’ (`«#=∂~°Oæ Ö’) áÈ~å_Õ
"åÔ~=~À, F~°∞Ê =Ç≤ÏOKÕ"åÔ~=~À138
WѨÊ\˜=~°‰õÄ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨sH˜∆OK«<Õ ÖË^Œ∞.
136. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ `«=∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OHõ$`«O =¸ÅOQÍ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ F@q∞
Z^Œ∞Ô~·#ѨÊ\˜H©, Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ Jk "åiH˘~°‰õΩ Z<Àfl ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ „ѨÜ≥∂[#Hõ~°O
J~ÚOk. "å\˜x JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D "åHͺ֒¡ q=iã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. XHõ\˜ : D Ü«Ú^ŒúO ^•fi~å
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆѨ~°K«^ŒeKå_»∞. Hõ+¨ìHÍÅOÖ’ Hõ^ŒÅx H˘O_»ÖÏ
ã≤~÷ `° åfixfl „Ѩ^iŒ ≈OKÕ "åÔ~=~À JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ K«∂_»^eŒ Kå_»∞. JÖÏO\˜ ã¨ÇϨ #=¸~°∞ÅÎ O`å
xHÍ~°û~Ú# qâßfiã¨∞Å#fl=∂@! Ô~O_»∞ : ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«# „Ñ≤Ü«∞^•ã¨∞Ö’¡ H˘O^ŒiH˜
J=∞~°g~°∞(+¨ÇÏ‘ ^£)Å „âı}Ö˜ ’ xÅɡ@^ì eŒ Kå_»∞. =¸_»∞: qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ "åi `«ÑC¨ Å
#∞Oz Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞eú fl KÕÜ∞« ^ŒeKå_»∞. J~°cÖ’ 'Ü«Ú=∞Ç≤Ï›ã∞¨ — J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ "å_»|_çOk.
^•x =¸ÅѨ^ŒO `«"£∞Ç‘Ïãπ† D Ѩ^•xH˜ Z#∞flHÀ=@O Jx XHõ J~°÷O LOk.
^•O`Àáê>Ë '`«`üÇ‘Ï~ü—, '`«Mòbãπ— J<Õ =∞~À Ô~O_»∞ J~å÷Å∞ ‰õÄ_® L<åfl~Ú.
J~Ú`Õ P Ô~O_çO\˜ ÉèÏ=O ^•^•Ñ¨Ù XHõ¯>Ë – Ѩiâ◊√^ŒúѨ~°K«@=∞x† (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò
Yn~ü). =∞# L~°∂Ì J#∞"å^Œ‰Ωõ Öˇ#· =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ A<åQÆ_Qôè Í~°∞ – (JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ PÜ«∞#ÃÑ·
âßOu ‰õΩiÑ≤OK«∞QÍHõ!) WHõ¯_» '`«"£∞Ç‘Ïãπ— J#fl Ѩ^•xH˜ "≥Ú^Œ\˜ J~å÷xfl, J#QÍ
Z#∞flHÀ=@O J<Õ J~å÷<flÕ fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. D "åHõºOÖ’ ^•y=Ù#fl =∞~À Ѩ~=° ∂~°O÷
Uq∞@O>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ JO`«"Ú≥ OkOK«QÀ~å_»∞. `å`å¯eHõOQÍ `«=∞‰õΩ
ÅaèOz# q[Ü«∞O`À "å~°∞ LaƒáÈ~Ú, `«Åa~°∞ã¨∞`«#O „Ѩ^Œi≈™êÎ~°∞. P
`«Åa~°∞ã¨∞`«#"Õ∞ "åi Ѩ`«<åxH˜, q<åâßxH˜ <åOk "åK«Hõ=∞=Ù`«∞Ok.
137. JO>Ë ^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’ áÈ~å_»‰Ωõ O_®<Õ, Hõi#î ѨsHõÅ∆ ∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯‰õΩO_®<Õ ã¨fi~°æ „Ѩ"âÕ O◊
Åaèã∞¨ OÎ ^Œx ÉèÏqã¨∞<Î åfl~å? ZO`«=∂„`«O HÍ^Œ∞. Hõi#î ѨsHõÖ∆ ’¡ <≥Q∞Æ ‰æ Ωõ =zÛ#"åiˆH
ã¨fi~°æO Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. "Õ~˘Hõ KÀ@ WÖÏ ÃãÅgÜ«∞|_çOk : ''Uq∞\©, g∞~°∞ ã¨fi~°æOÖ’
„Ѩ"Õt™êÎ=∞x TÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl~å? g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO QÆuOz# "åiH˜ Z^Œ∞Ô~·# Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞
g∞H˜OHÍ Z^Œ∞~°∞ HÍ<ÕÖË^Œ∞. "åiÃÑ· HõëêìÅ∞, ÉÏ^èŒÅ∞ q~°∞K«∞‰õΩѨ_®¤~Ú. `«^•fi~å
293
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
143 Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ =ÚO^≥·`Õ g∞~°∞ (g~°)
=∞~°}Ïxfl ZO`«QÍ<À HÀ~°∞‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞.139
WѨC_»∞ ^•xfl g∞~°∞ g∞ HõàÏ¡~å uÅH˜O
Kå~°∞.140
"å~°∞ ÉÏQÍ ‰õΩkÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞|_®¤~°∞—— (JÖò |Y~°:214). =∞~ÀKÀ@ D q^èŒOQÍ
J#|_çOk: ''"Õ∞=Ú qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú Jx J#QÍ<Õ q_çzÃÑ@ì|_»`å=∞h, ѨsH˜∆OK«
|_»=∞x „Ѩ[Å∞ J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~å?—— (J<£ Hõ|∂`ü–2).
138. D q+¨Ü«∞O WO`«‰õΩ=ÚO^Œ∞ |Y~å ã¨∂~åÖ’ ‰õÄ_® =zÛOk. ã¨O^Œ~Àƒùz`«OQÍ
~ÚHõ¯_» ‰õÄ_® „Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =zÛOk. ã¨fi~°æ „Ѩ"âÕ O◊ HÀã¨O g∞Ö’x "Õ∞eq∞ |OQÍ~åxfl
"Õ~°∞ KÕÜ«∂e. ^•xHÀã¨O g∞~°∞ ѨsH˜∆OK«|_»@O J=ã¨~°O. g∞Ö’ HõbÎ ã¨~°‰õΩ
U^À, "Õ∞eq∞ ã¨~°‰õΩ U^À Hõ^Œ# ~°OQÆOÖ’ HõëêìÖˇ^Œ∞Ô~·#ѨC_»∞QÍx `≥eã≤~å^Œ∞.
139. |„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ áêÖÁæ#ÖËHáõ È~Ú# ã¨Ç¨ cÅ∞ Hõ<Õ HõÅÅ#∞ D "åHõºO ã¨∂zã¨∞#Î flk.
`«=∞‰õÄ J=HÍâ◊O ^˘iH˜#@¡~Ú`Õ `å=Ú ‰õÄ_® â◊„`«∞=ÙŠѨO‰õΩÎÖ’¡H˜ K˘K«∞Û‰õΩ
áÈ~Ú, ^≥·=q~À^èŒ∞Å#∞ JO`«"≥ÚOkOz `«=∞ „Ѩ`åáêxfl Kå\˜ K≥|∞`å=∞x "å~°∞
K≥¿ÑÊ"å~°∞. J@∞=O\˜ B`åûÇ≤ÏHõ ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å HÀiHõÃÑ·<Õ =∞n<å #QÆ~°O ^•\˜ –
â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ „ѨuѶ¨∞\˜OK«_®xH˜ – |Ü«∞\˜H˜ ~å=Åã≤ =zÛOk. HÍx f~å â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞
KÕã≤# "≥∞~°∞ѨÙ^•_ç`À F@q∞ áêÖˇ·<åHõ D B`åûÇ≤ÏHõ Ü≥∂^èŒ∞Ö’¡x P"Õâ◊O HÍ™êÎ
K«ÖÏ¡iáÈ~ÚOk. "åiÖ’ H˘O^Œ~Ô `· Õ Ñ¨ÖÏÜ«∞#O z`«yÎ OKå~°∞. H˘kÌ=∞Ok =∂„`«"∞Õ
ã≤÷~°OQÍ xÅ|_®¤~°∞. q=~åÅ∞ =Ú#∞‡O^Œ∞ ~åÉ’`«∞<åfl~Ú – (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
JO^Œ∞ˆH ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ ÃãÅgÜ«∞|_çOk : ''g∞~°∞ â◊„`«∞=Ù`À =ÚMÏ=Úv J"åfiÅx
HÀ~°∞HÀHõO_ç. ã¨^• Ü≥∂QƈH∆=∂Å HÀã¨"Õ∞ ^≥·"åxfl „áêi÷OK«O_ç. XHõ"Õà◊ â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞
„ѨuѶ¨∞\˜OK«Hõ `«Ñ¨Êx Ѩiã≤÷`Õ QÆ#Hõ U~°Ê_ç`Õ JѨC_»∞ "≥ÚHõ¯"Àx ™êǨϙêxfl,
ã¨÷~Ú~åºxfl Hõ#|~°K«O_ç. Y_®æÅ h_»Ö’<Õ ã¨fi~°æO LO^Œ#fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl
q㨇iOK«HõO_ç—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÃÇ·Ï<£ – Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü P^è•~°OQÍ).
140. JO>Ë Y_®æÅ ~°≠∞oÑ≤OѨÙÖ’¡x "≥∞~°∞ѨÙ#∞, D>ˇÖ’¡x "Õ_çx "å_çh, ÉÏ}ÏÅ∞
ã¨$+≤ìOz# Ǩϟ~°∞#∞, Ü«Ú^Œú HÍ=Ú‰õΩÅ áÈ~å@ Ѩ\˜=∞#∞ – g@xflO\˜Ö’#∂
`˘}˜H˜ã¨ÖÏ_Õ =∞$`«∞º=Ù#∞– g∞~°∞ g∞ K«~°‡K«‰õ∆Ω=ÙÅ`À `«^ÕHõOQÍ gH˜∆OKå~°∞QÍ!†
'~°S`«∞"£∞— =∞iÜ«Ú '`«<£A~°∂<£— Ô~O_»∂ XˆH J~°÷O Hõey# Ѩ^•Å∞. K«∂_»@O
Jx "å\˜H˜ J~°÷O. =∂@Ö’ KÕ= fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=@O HÀã¨O D Ѩ~åºÜ«∞Ѩ^•Å#∞
LѨÜ≥∂yOK«@O [iyOk.
294
48 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final

144 =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Å¡ÖϡǨï JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï =

ã¨ÅO¡ ) XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ =∂„`«"∞Õ .141 DÜ«∞#‰õΩ
ѨÓ~°fiO ‰õÄ_® (KåÖÏ=∞Ok) „Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞
QÆuOKå~°∞. XHõ"àÕ ◊ DÜ«∞# K«xáÈ`Õ ÖËHõ
K«OѨ|_ç`Õ g∞~°∞ – W™ê¡O #∞Oz –
"≥#∞uiyáÈ`å~å? "≥#∞ uiyáÈÜÕ∞
"å_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ U=∂„`«O Ǩx
HõeyOK«ÖË_»∞.142 Hõ$`«[˝`«Å∞ `≥e¿Ñ
"åiH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«fi~°Ö’<Õ =∞Oz
„ѨuѶ¨ÅO "˘ã¨QÆ∞`å_»∞.143
141. =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) XHõ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÜÕ∞. JO>Ë ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO =¸ÅOQÍ PÜ«∞#‰õΩ D
Ö’HõOÖ’ qt+¨ª`« „áêÑ≤ÎOzOk. JO`«=∂„`å# PÜ«∞# =∂#= ã¨Ç¨Ï["≥∞ÿ#
q+¨Ü«∂ʼnõΩ Jf`«∞Å∞ HÍ~°∞. ^≥·qHõ QÆ∞}ÏÅ∞ Hõey=Ù#fl =ºH˜Î ‰õÄ_® HÍ~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ
PÜ«∞# =∞~°}O ‰õÄ_® U<å\˜ÔH·<å Jã¨OÉèí="≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∞"Õ∞g∞ HÍ^Œ∞.
142. LǨï^£ áÈ~å@OÖ’ =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ Z^Œ∞~Ô #· F@q∞H˜ =∞~À =ÚYº HÍ~°}O† =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ
(ã¨) JO`«"Ú≥ OkOK«|_®¤~#° fl =^ŒOux Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ "åºÑ≤OѨ*Ü Ë ∞« @"Õ∞. D =^ŒOu
=Úã≤¡OÅÖ’ "åºÑ≤OK«@O`À, "åi P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O ã¨#flye¡Ok. `«=∞ =∞^茺
^≥·=„Ѩ=ˆHÎ(ã¨) ÖË#ѨÙ_»∞ `å=Ú ~ÚOÔH=i HÀã¨O áÈ~å_®e?! J#fl x~åâ◊`À
"å~°∞ "≥#∞HõO[ "Õâß~°∞. "åi D ^èÀ~°}x˜ q=∞i≈ã¨∂Î D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk.
JO^Œ∞Ö’ U=∞#|_çO^ŒO>ˆ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å KÕuÖ’ „Ѩ=HõΠǨÏ`«=∂~°Û|_»@O ÖË^•
„Ѩ=Hõ‰Î Ωõ =∞~°}O ã¨OÉèqí OK«@O – W^Õg∞ H˘`«Î q+¨Ü∞« O HÍ^Œ∞. "≥#∞Hõ\˜ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞
‰õÄ_® QÆuOKå~°∞. "åiÖ’ ‰õÄ_® H˘O^Œ~°∞ `«=∞ *Ï`«∞Å "åi KÕ`« =kèOK«|_®¤~°∞.
XHõ"Õà◊ g∞ =∞^茺# L#fl „Ѩ=HõΉõΩ ‰õÄ_® WÖÏO\˜ Ѩiã≤÷`Õ Z^Œ∞~°=Ù`Õ, g∞~°∞
W™ê¡O ^èŒ~°‡O #∞Oz =∞~°eáÈ`å~å? QÆ∞~°∞ÎOK«∞HÀO_ç, D q^èŒOQÍ "≥#∞fl
K«∂Ñ≤#"å_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ZÖÏO\˜ #+¨ì=¸ HõeyOK«ÖË_»∞. J`«_»∞ `«# ã¨fiÜ«∂xˆH
#+¨ìO KÕ‰õÄ~°∞Û‰õΩO\Ï_»∞.
Ç≤Ï. â◊. 11= ÜÕ∞@ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åã¨Î=OQÍ =∞~°}˜Oz#ѨC_»∞ ã¨~°fi„`å
qëê^ŒKèåÜ«∞Å∞ P=iOKå~Ú. Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) ÉèÏ"À„^ÕHÍʼnõΩ Ö’#Ü«∂º~°∞.
P"Õâ◊ѨÓi`«∞Öˇ· ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åi =∞~°}"å~°Î#∞ YO_çOK«™êQÍ~°∞. P
ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Ǩτ[`ü J|∂|„H± ã≤nÌMò (~°l) ZO`À q[˝`«`À, ã¨=∞Ü«∞ã¨∂ÊùiÎ`À
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) "åi "ÕkHõ „ѨHõ¯# xÅ|_ç D PÜ«∞`«∞#∞ áê~åÜ«∞}O KÕâß~°∞.
295
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 14
Pre-f
145 ^≥·"å[˝ HÍ#O`«=~°‰õÄ U „áê}©
Kå=^Œ∞. x~å÷i`« ã¨=∞Ü«∞O ~åÜ«∞|_ç
LOk. „áêѨOzHõ Ѷ¨e`åxfl HÀ~°∞‰õΩ#fl
"åiH˜ "Õ∞=Ú ZO`À H˘O`« WKÕÛ™êÎ=Ú.
Ѩ~°Ö’Hõ „ѨuѶ¨ÖÏxfl HÀ~°∞‰õΩ#fl "åiH˜
"Õ∞=Ú ^•xfl ‰õÄ_® J#∞„QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ=Ú.144
Hõ$`«AÖ˝ ·ˇ LO_Õ"åiH˜ "Õ∞=Ú `«fi~°Ö’<Õ
=∞Oz „Ѩu Ѷ¨ÖÏxfl "˘ã¨QÆ∞`å=Ú.
146 ZO`À=∞Ok „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ‰õΩ P^Œ~∞° =ÙQÍ
xez, ZO^Œ~À ã¨[˚#∞Å∞ ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’
áÈ~å_®~°∞. "åiH˜ ‰õÄ_® ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’
HõëêìÖˇ^Œ∞~°Ü«∂º~Ú. HÍx "åÔ~#fl_»∂
^è≥·~°ºO HÀÖ’ÊÖË^Œ∞, Jâ◊HõÎ`«‰õΩ Ö’#∞
HÍÖË^∞Œ , ÖÁOyáÈ#∂ ÖË^∞Œ . JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ W+¨ì
Ѩ_Õk (WÖÏO\˜) ã¨Ç¨Ï#=¸~°∞ÎÅ<Õ.145
JO`Õ! Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) QÍi P"Õâ◊O XHõ¯™êiQÍ K«ÖÏ¡iáÈ~ÚOk. J|∂|„H±
(~°l)QÍ~°∞ Y∞~üP<£ "åHõºO Ѩiîã¨∞ÎO>Ë JѨC_»Ñ¨C_Õ Jk J=`«i™ÈÎO^•!
JxÑ≤OzOk. JnQÍHõ, Ǩτ[`ü L=∞~ü (~°l) ZO`« L„^Õ‰õΩÖˇ·#ѨÊ\˜H©, Y∞~üP<£
ѨiîOz#ѨC_»ÖÏ¡ PÜ«∞# ^•xH˜ 'z`«ÎO— J<Õ"å~°∞.
143. WHõ¯_» Hõ$`«[`˝ Å« ∞ `≥ÅѨ@O JO>Ë ÉèÏ=O ^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’ xÅHõ_» K«∂Ѩ@O, ^Õ=Ù_»∞
KÕã#≤ Jáê~°"∞≥ #ÿ "Õ∞à◊‰¡ Ωõ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ ^≥"· å^ÕâßÅ#∞ áêeOK«@O J#fl=∂@! Hõ$`«[`˝ å
ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ =º=ǨÏiOKÕ"åix JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞iO`«QÍ J#∞„QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ_»∞.
144. ^è≥·~°ºO g_ç, Ñ≤iH˜`«#O K«∂Ñ≤#"åiÖ’ P`«‡ qâßfi™êxfl ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«_®xH˜ D
q^èŒOQÍ LѨ^ÕtOK«@O [iyOk. =∞~°} ã¨=∞Ü«∞O =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ<Õ x~°‚~ÚOK«|_ç
LO_»QÍ, Ñ≤iH˜Ñ¨O^ŒÖˇ· áêiáÈ=Åã≤# J=ã¨~°"Õ∞=ÚOn? JÖÏ áêiáÈ=@O =Å¡
HõeˆQ „ѨÜ≥∂[#O Uq∞\©? g∞iÖÏ Ñ¨ÖÏÜ«∞#O z`«ÎyOz, H˘^ÀÌQ˘áÈÊ „áêѨOzHõ
ÖÏÉèÏÅ#∞ A„~°∞‰õΩ#flѨÊ\˜H©, âßtfi`«"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’ g∞‰õΩ ÅaèOKÕ Ñ¨Ù}ºÑ¶¨ÅO
Ug∞ LO_»^Œ∞. nxH˜ aè#flOQÍ Ñ¨~°Ö’Hõ ™êѶ¨ÖϺxfl ÅHõ∆ºOQÍ ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩx rqOKÕ
"åiH˜ Ѩ~°Ö’HõOÖ’ ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO ZÖÏQÆ∂ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. J~Ú`Õ JÖÏO\˜"åiH˜
„ѨѨOK«OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ – J_®fi#∞ûQÍ – J#∞„QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ_»∞. "åiÖ’ L`ÕÎ*Ïxfl,
296
49 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
147 "åik XHõ¯>Ë Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ : ''=∂ „ѨÉ∂íè !
=∂ áêáêÅ#∞ Hõ∆q∞OK«∞. =∂ Ѩ#∞Ö’¡
=∂ =Å¡ [iy# 'Ju—x =∞xflOK«∞.
=∂ áê^•Å‰õΩ xÅHõ_»#∞ „Ѩ™êkOK«∞.
Jqâßfi㨠[#∞ʼnõΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ =∂‰õΩ
`À_®Ê@∞#OkOK«∞.——
148 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åiH˜ „áêѨOzHõ Ѷ¨ÖÏhfl
WKåÛ_»∞, Ѩ~Ö° ’HõÑÙ¨ L`«=Î ∞ ѨÙ}º Ѷ֨ Ïxfl
‰õÄ_® „Ѩ™êkOKå_»∞. ã¨`å¯ ~åºÅ#∞
L`«Î=∞ suÖ’ x~°fiiÎOKÕ"åix JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
ZO`«QÍ<À „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞.
149 F qâßfiã¨∞ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ QÆ#Hõ
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å =∂@ q<åfl~°O>Ë, "å~°∞
q∞=∞‡efl g∞ HÍe =∞_»=∞ÅÃÑ·<Õ u~À#∞‡
Y∞efl KÕ™êÎ~°∞ (^èŒ~°‡„Éèí+¨µìefl KÕ™êÎ~°∞).
JѨC_»∞ #+¨ìáÈÜÕ∞k g∞ˆ~.
150 "åã¨"Î åxH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ÜÕ∞ g∞ ~°H‰∆õ Ωõ _»∞,
PÜ«∞<Õ J`«∞º`«=Î ∞ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞‰õΩ_»∂#∞.146
^è≥·~åºxfl #∂iáÈÜ«∞_®xH˜ "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ „Ѩ=HõÎÅ, "åi „Ñ≤Ü«∞ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å J™ê^è•~°}
`åºQÍÅ#∞, ã¨Ç¨Ï# ã¨÷~Ú~åºÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® L^•Ç¨ÏiOK«@O [iyOk.
145. JO>Ë Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ Z^Œ∞~°ÜÕ∞º HõëêìʼnõΩ "≥~°=‰õΩO_®, MË^ŒÑ¨_»‰õΩO_®,
ÉèíÜ«∞„ÉèÏO`«∞ʼnõΩ Ö’#∞ H͉õΩO_®, â◊„`«∞=Ù‰õΩ Z^Œ∞~˘_ç¤ xÅ|_Õ "åix ~ÚHõ¯_»
ã¨Ç¨Ï#jÅ∞~°∞ Jx J#@O [iyOk.
146. D q+¨Ü∞« O WO`«‰Ωõ =ÚO^Œ∞ ‰õÄ_® =zÛOk. J~Ú<å =∞m¡ ѨÙ#~å=$`«=∞~ÚOk.
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ Hõey# ã¨fiÅÊ Ñ¨~å[Ü«∂xfl J^Œ#∞QÍ
fã¨∞H˘x Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞, HõѨ@∞Å∞ =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ Lz`« ã¨ÅǨÅ∞ L^•~°OQÍ ~Ú=fi
™êQÍ~°∞. ''ZO^Œ∞H˘zÛ# `«O\ÏQÍh, g∞~°∞ g∞ `å`«=Ú`åÎ`Å« ^è~Œ ‡° O "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ =∞~°e
á⁄O_ç—— Jx ѨÙiH˘ÅÊ™êQÍ~°∞. WÖÏO\˜ Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ QÆ#Hõ "åi `«Ñ¨C_»∞
ã¨ÅǨÅÃÑ· J=∞Å∞KÕã¨∂Î, x[OQÍ<Õ =∞~°eáÈ`Õ rq`åÅ∞ ^Œ∞~°ƒù~°"≥∞ÿáÈ`åÜ«∞x,
297
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
151 `«fi~°Ö’<Õ "Õ∞=Ú Jqâßfiã¨∞Å
ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂ÅÖ’ ÉèíÜ«∂xfl Hõey™êÎ=Ú.
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ U „Ѩ=∂}Ïhfl
J=`«iOѨ*Ü Ë ∞« #ѨÊ\˜H–© x~å^è•~°OQÍ–
"å~°∞ W`«~°„`å "å\˜x JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ HõeÊã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ
#~°HÍyflÜÕ∞ "åi x"å㨠ã¨÷ÅO.147 Jk
^Œ∞~å‡~°∞Åæ K≥_¤» x"åã¨O.
152 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ g∞‰õΩ KÕã≤# "åQÍÌ<åxfl
x[O KÕã≤ K«∂áê_»∞. JѨC_»∞ g∞~°∞
PÜ«∞# J#∞[˝`À "åix =kèOK«
WǨÏѨ~åÅÖ’ q<åâßxfl K«qK«∂_»=Åã≤ =ã¨∞ÎO^Œx ÃÇÏK«ÛiOK«@O [iyOk.
Ü«∞^•~å÷xH˜ ™êѶ¨ÅºO ã≤kúOKÕk ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’<Õ#x, ^≥·=O =∂„`«"Õ∞ J`«∞º`«Î=∞
ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞‰õΩ_»h =Úã¨Öχ#∞ʼnõΩ É’^èŒÑ¨~°K«@O [iyOk.
147. =Úã≤¡OŠѨ~å[Ü«∂xfl K«∂ã≤# Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ H˘O^Œ~°∞, =Úã≤¡OÅ#∞ <å=∞~°∂áêÖË¡
‰õΩO_® KÕÜ«∞\ÏxH˜ WO`«Hõ<åfl =∞Oz J=HÍâ◊O ^˘~°Hõ^Œx ÉèÏqOKå~°∞. J~Ú`Õ
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D H©ÅHõ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ =Úã≤¡OÅO>Ë ã¨`«º u~°™ê¯~°∞Å QÆ∞O_≥Ö’¡ ^Œ_»
ѨÙ\˜ìOKå_»∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ`« "å~°∞ `«=∞ PO`«~åºÖ’¡ [xOz# ^Œ∞+¨ì PÖ’K«#‰õΩ
HÍ~°º~°∂ѨO ~Ú=fiÖËHõáÈÜ«∂~°∞ (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü). 'ã¨Ç‘ÏÃÇ·Ï<£—Ö’x ǨÏnã¨∞
„ѨHÍ~°O =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞ : ''<å‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO U „Ѩ=HõΉõÄ
~Ú=fi|_»x J~Ú^Œ∞ =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ∞ <å‰õΩ ~Ú=fi|_®¤~Ú. "å\˜Ö’ XHõ>=Ë ∞O>Ë, â◊„`«∞=Ù
XHõ <≥ÅHÍÅO „Ѩܫ∂}˜Oz#O`« ^Œ∂~°OÖ’ LO_»QÍ<Õ J`«xÖ’ <å `åÅ∂‰õΩ
ÉèíÜ«∂xfl HõÅ∞QÆ*Ëã≤ <å‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O KÕÜ«∞@O [iyOk.
D ǨÏnã¨∞ ^•fi~å É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ^Õ=∞O>Ë â◊„`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ ZšѨC_»∂ PÜ«∞# (ã¨) JO>Ë
XHõÖÏO\˜ ÉèíÜ«∞=Ú, cèu LO_Õq. PÜ«∞#`À áê@∞ PÜ«∞# J#∞K«~°∞ÅO>Ë ‰õÄ_®
â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ [_»∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞. ^•xH˜ HÍ~°}O "åi +≤ˆ~¯. +≤~°∞¯‰õΩ X_çQÆ>Ëì"å~°∞
ZšѨC_»∂ ÉèíÜ«∞HõOÑ≤`«∞Öˇ· LO\Ï~°∞. g∞~°∞ QÆ=∞xOKå~À, ÖË^À! =Úã≤¡OÅÖ’x
XHõ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =~°Oæ "åi qâßfi™êÅ∞ |ÅÇ‘Ï#"≥∞,ÿ "åiÖ’ +≤~¯ü ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ á⁄_»ã∂¨ Ñ≤#ѨÊ\˜
#∞Oz "å~°∞ ã¨~Ú`«O Ñ≤iH˜"å~°∞QÍ `«Ü«∂~°Ü«∂º~°∞. â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ "åiH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞
Ѩ_®eûOk áÈ~Ú, "åˆ~ â◊„`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞.
298
50 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
™êQÍ~°∞.148 J~Ú`Õ PYiH˜ g∞~°∞ Ñ≤iH˜
`«#O K«∂áê~°∞. HÍ~°ºx~°fiǨÏ}Ö’
qÉèËkOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.149 g∞~°∞ W+¨ìѨ_Õ
=ã¨∞Î=Ù#∞ PÜ«∞# g∞‰õΩ K«∂¿Ñã¨iH˜,
Õ ∞« `«‰Ωõ 150 X_çQ\Æ Ïì~∞° . g∞Ö’
g∞~°∞ Jq^èÜ
H˘O^Œ~°∞ „ѨѨOK«O HÀã¨O „áê‰õΩ
ÖÏ_»QÍ,151 =∞iH˘O^Œ~∞° Ѩ~Ö° ’HÍxfl
HÀ~°∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.152 JO^Œ∞=Å¡ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
148. WO`«H© JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ x[O KÕã≤ K«∂Ñ≤# P "åQÍÌ#O Uk? J#fl „Ѩâ◊fl D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ
[xOK«=K«∞Û. Wk, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `å#∞ =¸_»∞"ÕÅ ÖËHõ S^Œ∞"ÕÅ ^Œ∂`«efl kOѨÙ`å#x
KÕã≤# "åQÍÌ#"Õ∞#x H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å∞ `«ÅáÈâß~°∞. HÍx WÖÏ `«ÅáÈÜ«∞
\ÏxH˜ gÅ∞ÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ^Œ∂`«Å#∞ kOѨÙ`å##fl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åQÍÌ#O |„^£
Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ =∂„`«"∞Õ Ñ¨iq∞`«O. HÍQ͆ D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ „Ѩ™êÎ=#‰õΩ =zÛ# "åQÍÌ#O
=Úã≤O¡ Å q[Ü«∂xH˜, ^≥=· ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∂xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨~fi° ™ê=∂#º"≥∞#ÿ "åQÍÌ#O.
D "åQÍÌ<åxfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨), =Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ qxÑ≤Oz
L<åfl~°∞. =∞Hͯ֒ LO_»QÍ<Õ D "Õ∞~°‰õΩ H˘xfl PÜ«∞`«∞Å∞ J=`«iOKå~Ú. nx
„ѨHÍ~°O Ü«Ú^•ú~°OÉèíOÖ’ =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ∞ PkèHõº`«#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈OKå~°∞ ‰õÄ_®. 'JѨC_»∞
g∞~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ J#∞[˝`À "åix =kèOK«™êQÍ~°∞— J#fl "åHõºO D q+¨Ü«∂<Õfl
ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk.
149. WHõ¯_» qÉèËkOK«∞HÀ=@O JO>Ë J~°÷O, LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ Ñ¨~°fi`«OÃÑ·
xÜ«∞q∞OK«|_ç# 50 =∞Ok qÅ∞HÍO„_» =∞^茺 U~°Ê_ç# ÉèË^•aè„áêÜ«∞O. `˘Å∞`«
=Úã≤¡=ÚʼnõΩ ÅaèOz# q[Ü«∂xfl K«∂ã≤, q[Ü«∞^èŒ<åxfl „áÈQÆ∞KÕã¨∞HÀ"åÅ#fl
P~å@O`À "å~°∞ JHõ¯_ç #∞Oz `«~e° "≥o§# ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où Wk. nxfl J^Œ#∞QÍ fã¨∞H˘x
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ P Ѩ~°fi`« =∂~°æO ^•fi~å<Õ =zÛ =Úã≤¡OÅÃÑ· q~°∞K«∞‰õΩѨ_®¤~°∞.
150. JO>Ë D ã¨÷ÅO #∞Oz Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’#∂ Hõ^ŒÅ=^ŒÌ#fl ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ã¨∂K«##∞
MÏ`«~°∞ K≥Ü«∞º‰õΩO_® Ü«Ú^Œú„áêÑ≤Î HÀã¨O ZQÆ|_®¤~°∞.
151. JO>Ë `«=∞ Hõ~=ΰ º áêÅ##∞ q㨇iOz „áêѨOzHõ „ѨÜ∂≥ [<åÅÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤xì xeáê~°∞.
x*ÏxH˜ "å~°∞ P ã¨÷ÅOÖ’ ã≤÷~°OQÍ xÅ|_ç LO>Ë ã¨OѨÓ~°‚ q[Ü«∞O ÅaèOKÕk.
HÍx '=∂Öˇ QÆh=∞`ü— (q[Ü«∞^è#Œ O)ÃÑ· "åiH˜ Hõey# =∞‰õΩ¯= =¸ÅOQÍ Z^Œ∞~°∞^≥|ƒ
`«yeOk.
152. Ѩ~Ö° ’HÍxfl HÀ~°∞‰õΩ#fl"å~°O>Ë, `å=Ú "≥∂ǨÏiOK«|_ç=Ù#fl ã¨Ö÷ Ïxfl =^Œe =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ
áÈ=\ÏxH˜ ã¨∞`«~å=¸ XѨCHÀx"å~°∞ Jx ÉèÏ=O. ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) KÕã#≤ ã¨∂K«##∞
299
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
q∞=∞‡efl ѨsH˜∆OKÕ xq∞`«ÎO, q∞=∞‡efl
"åi #∞Oz "≥#H˜¯=∞o¡OKå_»∞.153
J~Ú<å PÜ«∞# q∞=∞‡efl Hõq∆ ∞OKå_»∞.
Ü«∞^•~å÷xH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞ŠѨ@¡
Q˘Ñ¨Ê J#∞„QÆǨÏ=¸iÎ.154
153 P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ g∞~°∞ Ѩ~å~°=
™êQÍ~°∞.155 WOH˘Hõix Ѩ\ Oì˜ K«∞‰õΩ<Õ
^蕺¿ã g∞‰õΩ ÖËHõáÈ~ÚOk. P Hõ∆}OÖ’
"≥#∞Hõ #∞Oz „Ѩ=HõÎ q∞=∞‡efl ˆHHõ
"Õã¨∂Î<Õ =Ù<åfl_»∞.156 Hõ#∞Hõ g∞‰õΩ ^ŒHõ¯
YzÛ`«OQÍ áê\˜ã¨∂Î, `«^Œ∞Ѩi P[˝ JÜÕ∞º=~°‰õÄ JHõ¯_Õ xѶ¨∂"Õã≤ LOKåÅx
"å~°∞ Ѩ@∞ì|\Ïì~°∞.
153. JO>Ë "≥Ú^Œ\’¡ g∞‰õΩ ÅaèOz# q[Ü«∂xfl `«~°∞"å`« JѨ[Ü«∞OQÍ =∂iÛ
Jqâßfiã¨∞Å =ÚO^Œ∞ g∞~°∞ xÅ^˘‰õΩ¯HÀ‰õΩO_® KÕâß_»∞. P q^èŒOQÍ q∞=∞‡efl
ѨsH˜O∆ Kå_»∞.
154. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ „Ñ≤Ü∞« ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å (~°l) B#fl`åºxfl, qt+¨`ª #« ∞ Wk ã¨∂z™ÈÎOk. =∂#=
ã¨Ç¨Ï["≥∞ÿ# ^Ò~°ƒÖϺŠ=Å¡ H˘xfl ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ "åi J_»∞QÆ∞Å∞ `«_»|_ç#ѨÊ\˜H©
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åiH˜ D qt+¨`ì #« ∞ J#∞„QÆÇÏ≤ OKå_»∞. "åix Hõ\ÏH˜O∆ Kå_»∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
"å~°∞ JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)‰õΩ KÕ^À_»∞ "å^À_»∞QÍ xez# =∂#= #=h`«O!
ã¨`«º|Å=Ú#fl =~°æO!! „âı+¨ªã¨=∂[O (Mˇ·Ô~ L=∞‡`ü)Ö’ „Ѩ^äŒ=∞„âı}˜H˜ K≥Ok# ã¨^Œfi~°Î
#∞Å =~°Oæ !!! J@∞=O\˜ =∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚÅÃÑ· Éèqí +¨º`«∞ÖÎ ’ Z=~°∂ "ÕÖ`ˇ ‰Î« Ωõ O_® LO_»\Ï
xH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JѨÊ\˜HõѨC_Õ "åi á⁄~°ÉÏ@∞#∞ ZuÎK«∂Ñ≤, =∞xflOz, WHõg∞^Œ@
WÖÏO\˜ á⁄~°ÉÏ@∞¡ K≥Ü«∞º~å^Œx LѨ^ÕtOKå_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ Y∞~üP<£Ö’
"åiѨ@¡ ã¨~fi° ™ê^è•~°}"≥∞#ÿ =∞xflOѨÙÅ „ѨH@õ # KÕÜ∞« QÍ, WHõ"åi K«~º° #∞ `«∂Å<å_Õ
J=HÍâ◊O W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ ZHõ¯_» LOk? ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏsÖ’ á⁄O^Œ∞Ѩ~°K«|_ç# XHõ
ã¨OѶ¨∞@# „ѨHÍ~°O, XHõ™êi ǨÏ*ò Ü«∂„`« ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ XHÍ<˘Hõ =ºH˜Î Ǩτ[`ü
L™ê‡<£ (~°l)ÃÑ· H˘xfl JÉèíºO`«~åÅ∞ ÖË=<≥`åÎ_»∞. |„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’#∂, ɡ·`≥ i*Ïfi<£
(i*Ïfi<£ „Ѩu[˝) ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ#∂ PÜ«∞# ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ǩ[~°∞ HÍÖË^∞Œ ? J#flk "å\˜Ö’
XHõ\˜. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ PÜ«∞# "≥#∞flK«∂Ñ≤ áêiáÈÜ«∂~°x ‰õÄ_® J`«_»∞
PˆH∆Ñ≤OKå_»∞. ^•xH˜ Ǩτ[`ü Wɡfl L=∞~ü (~°l) ZO`À ã¨=Úz`«"≥∞ÿ# suÖ’
300
51 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
‰õΩO_® áÈ~Ú# ^•x QÆ∞iOz, "å\˜e¡#
#ëêìxfl QÆ∞iOz g∞~°∞ ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»‰õΩO_®
LO_»\ÏxH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ g∞‰õΩ ^Œ∞óYO
"≥O|_ç ^Œ∞óYO157 HõÅ∞QÆ*âË ß_»∞.158 g∞~°∞
KÕ¿ã Ѩ#∞Åhfl JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.
ã¨=∂^è•#q∞KåÛ~°∞. P ã¨=∂^è•#O Wk: ''|„^£ Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ PÜ«∞# ã¨f=∞}˜
(JO>Ë ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ ‰õΩ=∂Ô~)Î "åºkè„QÆã∞¨ ÖÎ ·ˇ L<åfl~°∞. ɡ`· ≥ i*Ïfi<£ ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ PÜ«∞#
^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ # „Ѩ`ºÕ Hõ ^Œ∂`«QÍ =∞Hͯ "≥o§ L<åfl~°∞. WHõ LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’
ѨÖÏÜ«∞#=∞O\Ï~å! ^•xfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞xflOKå_»∞—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs : LǨï^£
Ü«Ú^Œú „Ѩ™êÎ=#).
155. Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ KÕã#≤ "≥∞~°∞ѨÙ^•_ç ^è•\˜H˜ =Úã≤O¡ Å∞ `«@∞ìHÀÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂~°∞. XHõ¯™êiQÍ
QÆO„^ŒQÀà◊O U~°Ê_çOk. HõÅHõÅO ˆ~yOk. =Úã≤¡OÅÖ’ KåÖÏ=∞Ok Hõ^Œ#~°OQÆO
#∞O_ç Ѩ~°∞ÔQ`«Î™êQÍ~°∞. '`«∞ãπ~Ú^Œ∂#— – Wk 'WãπP^£— #∞Oz U~°Ê_ç# Ѩ^ŒO.
"≥#H˜¯ K«∂_»‰õΩO_® Ѩ~°∞ÔQ`«Î@O, QÆ∞@ìÃÑ·H˜ Ѩ~°∞ÔQ`«Î@=∞x ^•x J~°÷O (`«„c).
156. ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) H˘kÌ=∞Ok ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å`À Ü«Ú^Œú "≥∞^ÿ •#OÖ’<Õ LO_çáÈÜ«∂~°∞.
áêiáÈ`«∞#fl "åi#∞^ÕÌtºOz ''^≥·=^•ã¨∞ÖÏ~å! <å "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ uiy ~°O_ç. ^≥·=^•ã¨∞
ÖÏ~å! <å "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ uiy ~°O_ç—— Jx ˆHHõÖËâß~°∞. HÍx P QÆO„^ŒQÀà◊OÖ’ PÜ«∞#
(ã¨) =∂@#∞ Z=~°∂ qxÑ≤OK«∞HÀÖË^Œ∞.
157. 'Ѷ¨J™ê|‰õΩ"£∞— (.........) JO>Ë g∞ ÉÏ^茺`å x~°¡Hõ∆ ºO =¸ÅOQÍ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ g∞‰õΩ
^Œ∞óYO `«~∞° "å`« ^Œ∞óYO HõÅ∞QÆ*âË ß_»∞. Wɡfl [s~ü, Wɡfl Hõã~‘ ü `«k`«~° "åºMϺ`«Å∞
fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl J~°÷O „ѨHÍ~°O ~ÚHõ¯_» "≥Ú^Œ\˜ ^Œ∞óMÏxH˜ ÉèÏ=O q[Ü«∞O =∞iÜ«Ú
q[Ü«∞„áêÑ≤Î ^ŒH¯õ ‰õΩO_® áÈ=@O. ~Ô O_»= ^Œ∞óMÏxH˜ ÉèÏ=O =Úã≤O¡ ʼnõΩ Jáê~°"∞≥ #ÿ
„áê}#+¨ìO [~°QÆ@O. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åi P^Õâßxfl áê\˜OK«HõáÈ=@O =Å¡
D Ѩiã≤u÷ L`«Ê#fl"≥∞Oÿ k. JnQÍHõ, ^≥=· „Ѩ=Hõ(Î ã¨) Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ J=∞~°QuÆ <˘O^•~°#fl
=^ŒOu ‰õÄ_® "åi ^Œ∞óMÏxfl =∞iO`«QÍ ÃÑOzOk.
158. D q^èOŒ QÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "åiH˜ ^Œ∞óYO "≥O|_ç ^Œ∞óYO HõÅ∞QÆ*Ü Ë ∞« @OÖ’ XHõ Ѩ~=° ∂~°O÷
‰õÄ_® ^•y LOk. J^Õ=∞O>Ë HõëêìʼnõΩ F~°∞Û‰õΩ<Õ, „Ѩu‰õÄŠѨ=<åʼnõΩ Z^Œ∞s^Õ
™ê=∞~°º÷ O, ã¨~÷ Ú~°ºO "åiÖ’ ÃÑ~°QÍe. D QÆ∞}O "åiÖ’ ÃÑOá⁄Ok#<å_»∞ [iy#
#+¨ìOÃÑ· Hõ$OyáÈ~Ú, KÕ`«∞Öˇ`Õοã ^ŒÜ«∞hÜ«∞ ã≤÷u ~å‰õΩO_® LO@∞Ok.
301
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
154 =∞i D ^Œ∞óYO `«~°∞"å`« PÜ«∞#
âßOuÜ«Ú`« ã≤÷ux g∞ÃÑ· J=`«iOѨ
*Ëâß_»∞. ^•O`À g∞Ö’x XHõ =~°æO
"åiÃÑ· ‰õΩ#∞‰õΩ P=Ç≤ÏOK«™êyOk.159
J~Ú`Õ =∞~À=~°æO "å~°∞ `«=∞ „áê}
~°Hõ∆}160 QÆ∞iOz f„= qKå~°OÖ’ Ѩ_ç
áÈÜ«∂~°∞. "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü≥∞_»Å =∞s
J*Ï˝#O`À ‰õÄ_ç#, ã¨`«º^Œ∂~°"≥∞ÿ#
ã¨O^ÕÇ¨ Å#∞, J#∞=∂<åÅ#∞ =ºHõÑÎ ~¨ K° «
™êQÍ~°∞.161 ''WO`«H© =∂‰õO@∂ U^Œ<åfl
JkèHÍ~°O LO^•?——162 Jx "å~°<"Õ å~°∞.
''nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O
159. WO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ „Ѩ™êÎqOK«|_ç# n<å=ã¨÷ `«~°∞"å`« JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =Úã≤¡OÅÃÑ· ^ŒÜ«∞
K«∂áê_»∞. Ü«Ú^Œú~°OQÆOÖ’ q∞yeáÈ~Ú# =Úã≤¡OÅÃÑ· PÜ«∞# XHõ ~°Hõ=∞~Ú#
„ѨâßO`« ã≤÷ux HõeÊOKå_»∞. ^•O`À "å~°∞ ‰õΩ#∞‰õΩ fâß~°∞. D ‰õΩ#∞‰õΩ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù #∞Oz J=`«iOz# ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xH˜, „ѨâßO`«`«‰õΩ x^Œ~°≈#O. ^•x QÆ∞iOz
Ǩτ[`ü J|∂ `«ÖÏ› (~°l) WÖÏ JO@∞<åfl~°∞: LǨï^£ "≥∞ÿ^•#OÖ’ ‰õΩ#∞‰õΩ Ѩ\˜ì#
"åiÖ’ <Õ#∂ L<åfl#∞. <å KÕuÖ’ =Ù#fl Y_»æO Z<Àfl™ê~°∞¡ KÕ*Ïi H˜O^ŒÑ¨_çOk.
<Õ#∞ ^•xfl Ѩ@∞ì‰Ωõ <Õ"å}˜.‚ Jk =∞m¡ Ѩ_áç ÈÜÕ∞k. =∞m¡ Ѩ@∞ì‰Ωõ O>Ë =∞m¡ *ÏiѨ_kÕ ——
(ã¨ÇÏ‘ ÇπÏ |∞MÏs)† '`å~ÚѶ`¨ ∞« <£— J<Õ Ñ¨^OŒ – UHõ=K«#O, |Ǩï=K«#O – ~Ô O_çO\˜
HÀã¨O LѨÜ≥∂yOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
160. g~°∞ Z=~À HÍ^Œ∞, =∞n<åÖ’x HõѨ@∞Å∞ (=Ú<åѶ≤H±Å∞). "åiÔHO`«¿ãѨ\˜H© `«=∞
„áê}ÏÅ QÆ∞iOz# kQÆ∞Å∞ `«Ñ¨Ê =∞~À PÖ’K«# LO_Õk HÍ^Œ∞.
161. JO>Ë ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) "åi ã¨O^Õâ◊OÖ’ U^À ֒ѨO LO^Œh, PÜ«∞# (ã¨)
JO^Œ*Ë¿ã r=# q^è•#O (n<£) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Éèíq+¨º`«∞Î „Ѩ=∂^ŒOÖ’ Ѩ_çO^Œh, PÜ«∞#
(ã¨)‰õΩ ^≥=· ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O JO^Œ@O ÖË^hŒ – WÖÏ ~°H~õ H° ÍÅ∞QÍ J#∞=∂xOK«™êQÍ~°∞.
162. WѨC_çO`«H© ^≥·=O `«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# =∂ˆH^Œ<åfl ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O JO^Œ∞`«∞O^•? ÖË^•? áÈh
Jn HÍ^ŒO>Ë Hõhã¨O =∂ =∂@ J~Ú<å K≥Å∞¡`«∞O^•? ÖË^•? J#flk "åi
L^ÕâÌ O◊ .
302
52 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
JO`å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ^Õ——163 Jx (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!)
"åiH˜ K≥ѨC. "å~°∞ `«=∞ PO`«~åºÖ’¡
J}z ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩ#fl q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ h
=ÚO^Œ∞ "≥e|∞K«Û@O ÖË^Œ∞.164 ''=∂
HõO@∂ JkèHÍ~°"Õ∞^≥·<å LO_ç LO>Ë
"Õ∞q∞ÖÏ Ç¨Ï`«=∂~°Û|_ç LO_Õ"åà◊§O
HÍ=Ú——165 Jx "å~°O@∞<åfl~°∞. (JO>Ë
`«=∞ =∞#∞+¨µÅ∞ K«OѨ|_Õ"å~°∞ HÍ^Œ∞
Jx "åi Jaè„áêÜ«∞O). ''XHõ"Õà◊ g∞~°∞
g∞ WO_»Ö¡ ’¡<Õ L#flѨÊ\˜H,© =kèOK«|_»@O
J#flk g∞‰õΩ ~åã≤ÃÑ\˜ì LO>Ë g∞ JO`«@
g∞ˆ~ =^躌 ã¨Ö÷ ÏʼnõΩ =zÛ f~åÎ~∞° ——166
Jx "åiH˜ K≥ѨC. g∞ =∞#ã¨∞Ö’¡ ^•y
L#fl "å\˜x ѨiH˜OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ, g∞ ǨÏ$^Œ
Ü«∂ÅÖ’ =Ù#fl ^•xx â◊√kú KÕ¿ãO
^Œ∞‰õΩ167 (JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å#∞
L`«Ê#flO KÕâß_»∞). JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ QÆ∞O_≥Ö’¡x
QÆ∞@∞ì#∞ ÉÏQÍ Ziy#"å_»∞.168
163. JO>Ë, D =º=Ǩ~°O g∞ Jnè#OÖ’ ÖË^∞Œ . ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞"≥∞<ÿ å, q[Ü«∞"≥∞<ÿ å ^≥"· å[˝`À<Õ
Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. Uk KÕÜ«∂e? Uk KÕÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^Œ<Õ ^•xfl PÜ«∞<Õ x~°‚~Ú™êÎ_»∞, g∞~°∞
HÍ^Œ∞ Jx ÉèÏ=O.
164. JO>Ë, "å~°∞ `«=∞ =∞#ã¨∞Ö’¡ 'HÍѨ@ºO— (xá¶êMò) J<Õ ‰õΩÅ∞¡#∞ ^•zÃÑ@∞ì‰Ωõ <åfl~°∞.
ÃÑ·H˜ =∂„`«O '=∂~°æ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO— HÀã¨O Z^Œ∞~°∞K«∂ã¨∞Î<åfl=∞x JO\Ï~°∞. HÍx
JO`«~°OQÆOÖ’x L^ÕÌâ◊O "Õˆ~ LOk.
165. D =∂@Å∞ "å~°∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O K≥ѨC‰õΩO\Ï~°∞ ÖË^• ֒֒ѨÖË K≥ѨC‰õΩO\Ï~°∞.
166. WÖÏO\˜ HÍH˜ÖˇHõ¯Å =Å¡ „ѨÜ≥∂[#O Uq∞\©? =∞~°}O U^À XHõ~ÀA ~å=@O
`«^䌺O. ^•#∞flOz Z=~°∂ `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞HÀÖË~°∞. ^•xfl "å~Ú^• "≥Ü«∞º#∂ ÖË~°∞. Jk
‰õÄ_® ^Õ=Ù_»∞ ~åã≤ÃÑ\˜ì#KÀ>Ë P =∞$`«∞º=Ù q∞=∞‡efl Hõ|oã¨∞ÎOk. XHõ"Õà◊ U^À
XHõKÀ@ g∞ =∞~°}O edOK«|_ç LO_ç, g∞~°∞ g∞ WO_»¡Ö’¡ ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx L<åfl– Jk
q∞=∞‡efl U^À XHõ =OHõ`À JHõ¯_çH˜ ÖωõΩ¯áÈ`«∞Ok.
303
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
155 W~°∞ ã¨=¸Ç¨Å∞ =ÚMÏ=Úv
J~Ú# ~ÀA# g∞Ö’ H˘O^Œ~°∞ "≥#∞fl
K«∂áê~°∞. "å~°∞ KÕã#≤ H˘xfl `«ÑC¨ Å =Å¡
Ã+·`å<£ "åix `«_»ÉÏ@∞‰õΩ Ö’#∞
KÕâß_»∞. 169 J~Ú<å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åix
=∞xflOKå_»∞.170 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Hõ∆q∞OKÕ"å_»∞,
ã¨ÇϨ #jÅ∞_»∂#∞.
167. ã¨OÉèíqOz# Ѩi}Ï=∂Å#∞ `«ÅK«∞‰õΩx g∞~°∞ PO^Àà◊# K≥O^ŒHõO_ç. D
Ѩi}Ï=∂Å ^•fi~å HÍѨ@º~ÀQÆO L#fl"åÔ~=~À g∞#∞O_ç Uiáê~°"Õ¿ã J=HÍâ◊O
HõeyOk. D ѨsHõÖ∆ ’ g∞~°∞ áÈ`«áÈÜ«∞|_®¤~∞° . `«áêÊ`åÅO`å ZyiáÈQÍ ^≥"· åxH˜
HÍ=Åã≤# "Õ∞Öˇ#· ã¨~‰° Ωõ – JO>Ë ã¨`º« |ÅO L#fl =~°Oæ – xÅ|_çOk. P `«~∞° "å`«
PÜ«∞# ÃÑ·âßzHõ „¿Ñ~°}Å #∞Oz g∞ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂Å#∞ Ѩiâ◊√^ŒúO KÕâß_»∞.
168. g∞Ö’ xHÍ~°û~Ú# =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ Z=~À, HÍѨ@º =Úã¨∞QÆ∞#∞ "Õã¨∞‰õΩ#fl "åÔ~=~À
JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. ^èŒ~°‡Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ ^•y=Ù#fl Jã¨OMϺHõ Ѩ~°=∂~å÷ÅÖ’
XHõ>=Ë ∞O>Ë ^•x ^•fi~å z`«âÎ √◊ kúQÅÆ qâßfiã¨∞Öˇ=~À – =OK«<å tÅÊ xëê‚`∞« Öˇ=~À
ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ `ÕeáÈ`«∞Ok. P `«~°∞"å`« ã¨Éèíºã¨=∂[ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ "åix QÆ∞Ô~Îiy "åi
Ü≥∞_»Å J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎOQÍ LO_»QÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å~°∞.
169. JO>Ë LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ =Úã≤¡OÅ =Å¡ [iy# á⁄~°ÉÏ@¡‰õΩ HÍ~°}O
"åiÖ’x H˘xfl |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«ÖË. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ Ã+·`å<£ "åix É’ÖÏÎ H˘\˜ìOK«@OÖ’ P
~ÀA ‰õÄ_® ã¨Ñ¶¨bHõ$`«∞_»Ü«∂º_»∞. `˘eHÍÅѨ٠ã¨[˚#∞Å∞ (ã¨ÅѶπÅ∞) H˘O`«=∞Ok
=Hͯ}˜Oz#@∞¡ ''ã¨`å¯~åºxH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ =∞ixfl ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞ KÕ¿ã ã¨^Œ∞ƒkú =∞x+≤H˜
„Ѩ™êkOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok. K≥_»∞‰õΩ „ѨuѶ¨ÅOQÍ =∞ixfl K≥_»∞ʼnõΩ ^•fi~°O
`≥~°K«∞‰õΩO@∞Ok.——
170. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) QÍi „Ñ≤Ü«∞ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å á⁄~°ÉÏ@¡#∞ ZuÎK«∂Ñ≤, "å\˜ Ѩi}Ï=∂
Å#∞, JO^Œe Ѩ~=° ∂~å÷Å#∞ q=iã¨∂<Î Õ `«# =∞xflOѨÙÅ „ѨH@ õ # ‰õÄ_® KÕÜ∞« @O
qâı+¨O! nx^•fi~å =∞#‰õΩ É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ =ÚYº q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) QÍi
„Ñ≤Ü∞« ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® „Ñ‘uáê„`«∞Å∞. P ã¨`º« qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞OQÍ
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞xflOz, "åiѨ@¡ „Ѩã¨#∞fl_»=QÍ, WHõ P =∞ǨÏhÜ«ÚÅ#∞ q=∞i≈OKÕ,
"åi K«~°ºÅ#∞ QÆi›OKÕ Ç¨Ï‰õΩ¯ =∞#É’\˜ ™ê=∂#º =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ U=∂„`«O ÖË^Œ∞.
Wk =Úã≤¡=ÚÅO^ŒiH© XHõ ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ ÖÏO\˜k.
304
53 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
156 F qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "å~°ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞ P
Jqâßfiã¨∞ÖÏ¡QÍ „Ѩ=iÎOK«HõO_ç. "å~°∞,
`«=∞ ™È^Œ~∞° Å∞ „ѨÜ∂« }OÖ’<À, Ü«Ú^ŒOú
Ö’<À L#flѨC_»∞ ''XHõ"Õà◊ "å~°∞ =∂
=^Œ<Ì Õ LO_çLO>Ë K«xáÈÜÕ∞"å~°∂ HÍ^Œ∞,
K«OѨ|_Õ"å~°∂ HÍ^Œ∞——171 Jx JO\Ï~°∞.
D q^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# "åi PÖ’K«#Å#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
"åi ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞â’HÍxH˜ HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞QÍ
KÕÜ«∂Å<Õ172 "åiÖÏO\˜ =∂@Å∞
=∂\Ï¡_»∞`«∞O\Ï~°∞. "åã¨Î"åxH˜ „áê}
aèH∆õ ÃÑ>Ë"ì å_»∞, „áê}O f¿ã"å_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
=∂„`«"Õ∞. g∞~°∞ KÕ¿ã Ѩ#∞Åxfl\˜h
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ HõxÃÑ_»∞`«∂<Õ L<åfl_»∞.
157 g∞~°∞ ^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’ K«OѨ|_ç<å ÖËHõ
K«xáÈ~Ú<å, (g∞‰õΩ ÅaèOKÕ) ^Õ=Ùx
Hõ=∆ ∂aèH∆õ =∞iÜ«Ú HÍ~°∞}ºO "å~°∞
‰õÄ_»Éˇ_»∞`«∞#fl ^•xHõ<åfl ZO`À
"Õ∞Öˇ#· q.173
171. WÖÏO\˜ q∞^䕺 qâßfi™êÅ #∞O_ç =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ#∞ *ÏQÆ~°∂HõѨ~°K«@O nx Jã¨Å∞
L^ÕÌâ◊O. 'J~Ú`Õ w`Õ— ÖÏO\˜ TǨQÍ<åÅ∞ =∞x+≤ qâßfi™êxfl (D=∂<£#∞)
|ÅÇ‘Ï# Ѩ~∞° ™êÎ~Ú. "åã¨"Î åxH˜ P<å\˜ Jqâßfiã¨∞ÅÖ’, HõÑ@¨ ∞ÅÖ’ WÖÏO\˜ ÉèÏ"åÅ∞
u+¨"ª ãÕ ≤ LO_Õq. Wq Ñ≤iH˜`<« åxH˜ „ѨfHõÅ∞. r=#‡~°}ÏÅ∞ ^≥"· ånè#"≥∞ÿ L<åflÜ«∞h,
=∞~°}ÏxH˜ XHõ ã¨=∞Ü«∞O x~å÷iOK«|_ç LO^Œx =∞x+≤ `«ÅáÈã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ J`«xH˜
ã¨OHõÅÊ |ÅO ã≤kãú ∞¨ OÎ k. J`«xÖ’ P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O ÃÑOá⁄O^Œ∞`«∞Ok. ^≥=· =∂~°Oæ Ö’
áÈ~å@ Ѩ\˜=∞#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈OKÕ ã¨∂ÊùiÎ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk.
172. qâßfiã¨OÖ’x D K≥_»∞QÆ∞ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂"Õ^Œ#ˆH HÍ~°}Éèí∂`«O J=Ù`«∞Ok. ''XHõ"Õà◊
"å~°∞ WÅ∞¡ q_çzáȉõΩO_® LO>Ë ÖËHõ Hõ^Œ# ~°OQÍxH˜ Hõ^ŒO `˘Hõ¯‰õΩO_® –
WO\’¡<Õ LO_çáÈ`Õ–D ^Œ∞~°æu Ѩ>Ëìk HÍ^Œ∞—— ÖÏO\˜ =∂@Å∞ J~°÷O Ѩ~°÷O ÖËxq.
Ѩ\ ˜+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# HõOK«∞HÀ@ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx L<åfl, HÍO„H©@∞ |OHõ~°¡Ö’ `«Å^•K«∞‰õΩ<åfl
=∞$`«∞º=Ù =^ŒeÃÑ@ì^∞Œ . ~å=Åã≤# ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ Jk =zÛf~°∞`«∞Ok. ''g∞Ô~Hõ¯_»∞<åfl,
305
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
158 g∞~°∞ K«xáÈ~Ú<å ÖËHõ K«OѨ
|_ç<å (z=~°‰Ωõ ) g∞~°∞ ã¨g∞HõiOK«|_Õk
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌˆH (Jx =∞~°∞=HõO_ç).
159 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^ŒÜ«∞=Å¡<Õ
h=Ù "åi Ü≥∞_»Å =∞$^Œ∞ =∞#ã¨∞¯_»
=Ü«∂º=Ù. XHõ"àÕ ◊ #∞"Õfi QÆ#Hõ Hõ~¯° â◊√_»=Ù,
Hõi#î =∞#ã¨∞¯_»=Ù J~Ú=ÙO>Ë "å~°O`å
h ^ŒQÆæi #∞Oz "≥o§áÈÜÕ∞"å~°∞.174
Hõ#∞Hõ #∞=Ùfi "åiѨ@¡ =∞xflOѨÙÅ
"≥·Yix J=ÅOaOK«∞, "åi Hõ∆=∂Ѩ}
HÀã¨O (^≥·"åxfl) "Õ_»∞HÀ. HÍ~°º
x~°fiǨÏ}Ö’ "åix ã¨O„Ѩkã¨∂Î LO_»∞.175
Ѩ\ ˜+¨ì=∞~Ú# HÀ@ÅÖ’ L<åfl㨈~ =∞$`«∞º=Ù q∞=∞‡efl Ѩ@∞ìH˘x f~°∞`«∞Ok—— (J<£
x™ê–78). HÍ|\˜ì ^Œ$_è» qâßfiã¨OQÆÅ =Úã≤=¡ ÚÅ∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ WÖÏO\˜ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∂« "Õ^#Œ
#∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_»QÆÅ∞QÆ∞`å~°∞.
173. =∞$`«∞º"≥·`Õ Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’#∂ ~åHõ `«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ =∞~°}˜Oz# Ñ≤^ŒÑ¨ =∞x+≤
^Õ=Ùx Hõ∆=∂aèHõ∆‰õΩ, ^≥·=HÍ~°∞}ϺxH˜ J~°∞›_»Ü«∂º_»O>Ë J`«_»∞ WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’
rq`åO`«O Hõ+Ñì¨ _¨ ç ‰õÄ_»É\ˇ #ì˜ ã≤iã¨OѨ^ÅŒ xflO\˜H<õ åfl „âı+"ª¨ ∞≥ #ÿ ^•xfl á⁄Ok#>Ë.¡
JO^Œ∞ˆH ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~å_ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Z#fl_»∂ "≥~°=‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. ã¨O`À+¨OQÍ,
P#O^ŒOQÍ ^•xHÀã¨O =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ~å"åe. z`«âÎ √◊ kú`À J`«<åѨx KÕ¿ãÎ xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ
^≥·=HÍ~°∞}ºO, ^Õ=Ùx Hõ∆=∞ J`«xfl =i™êÎ~Ú.
174. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O) ã¨fi`«Ç¨QÍ „¿Ñ=∞=∞Ü«ÚÅ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«#
„Ѩ=HõÖÎ ’x D QÆ∞}Ïxfl QÆ∞iOz K≥|∞`«∂, hÖ’x D =∞$^Œ∞`åfixH©, ^ŒÜ∂« „~°`Ì Å« ‰õΩ
Jã¨Å∞ HÍ~°}O ^≥·=Hõ$¿Ñ. ^≥·=^èŒ~°‡ „ѨKå~åxH˜ D =∞$^Œ∞`«fiO ZO`À J=ã¨~°O.
hÖ’<Õ QÆ#Hõ D ã¨^Œ∞æ}O LO_ç LO_»HõáÈ`Õ, nxH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ h=Ù Hõiî#
ã¨fiÉèÏ=Ù_»=Ù, ^Œ∞~°∞ã¨∞ "≥Y· i HõÅ"å_»=Ù J~Ú=ÙO>Ë [#∞Å∞ h‰õΩ ^ŒQ~æÆ Ü ° ∞Õ º|^Œ∞Å∞,
^Œ∂~°O "≥o§á⁄ÜÕ∞º"å~°∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH h=Ù h ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞ŠѨ@¡ x`«ºO =∞xflOѨÙÅ
"≥·Yi<Õ J=ÅOaã¨∂Î LO_®Åx LѨ^Õtã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞.
175. JO>Ë, `À\˜ =Úã≤¡OŠǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂Å#∞ [~ÚOKÕ Ñ¨#∞Ö’¡ XHõ\˜ Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å#∞
`≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO@∂ LO_»@O. D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å ã¨ÅǨ ã¨O„ѨuOѨÙÅ P=â◊ºHõ`«
306
54 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
U^≥·<å Ѩx QÆ∞iOz `«∞k x~°‚Ü«∂xH˜
=zÛ#ѨC_»∞, JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ÃÑ· ÉèÏ~°O "≥∂ѨÙ.176
xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `«##∞ #=Ú‡‰õΩ#fl
"åix „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞.
160 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜÕ∞ QÆ#Hõ g∞‰õΩ `À_®Ê@∞
#Ok¿ãÎ WHõ q∞=∞‡efl Z=~°∂ [~ÚOK«
ÖË~°∞. XHõ"Õà◊ PÜ«∞<Õ QÆ#Hõ q∞=∞‡efl
q_çzÃÑ>Ë¿ì ã,Î `«~∞° "å`« g∞‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞Ѩ_»
QÆÅ"å_≥=_»∞? HÍ|\˜ì qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "å~°∞
ã¨^• JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ #=Ú‡HÀ"åe.
Uq∞\’ J~°÷=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. H˘O`«=∞Ok q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞ D ã¨ÅǨ ã¨O„ѨuOѨÙÅ#∞
'"ålÉò— (J=â◊ºO) QÍ `«ÅáÈÜ«∞QÍ, =∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok '=Úã¨ÇΠϨ Éò— (JaèÅ+¨}Ü © ∞« O)QÍ
ÉèÏqOKå~°∞ (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü). D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ W=∂"£∞ ëœHÍh WÖÏ "åºMϺxOKå~°∞ :
''ѨiáêʼnõΩÅ∞ `«=∞‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞x q+¨Ü«∂ÅÃÑ· ÖËHõ `«=∞‰õΩ J#∞=∂#O L#fl
JOâßÅÃÑ· K«~º° fã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ =ÚO^Œ∞ q^•fiOã¨∞Å#∞ ã¨O„ѨuOK«@O J=ã¨~O° . Ããx· Hõ
=º=Ǩ~åÖ’¡ Ãã·xHÍkèHÍ~°∞efl ã¨O„ѨuOKåe. „Ѩ*Ï „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ QÆ∞iOz
PÖ’zã¨∞#Î flѨC_»∞ xѨÙ}∞Å#∞, "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ#∞ ã¨O„ѨuOKåe. qq^èŒ „áêO`åÅ "åi
J=ã¨~åÅ#∞, „áê^è•#º`«Å#∞ J=Ö’Hõ#O KÕ¿ã ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ `«# „H˜Ok"åix,
QÆ=~°fl~°¡#∞ ã¨O„ѨuOKåe.——
'^è~Œ ‡° "Õ`ÅΫ #∞, q^•fiOã¨∞Å#∞ ã¨O„ѨuOK«‰Ωõ O_® x~°Ü
‚ ∂« Å∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ Ñ¨iáêʼnõΩ}˜‚
QÆ^≥Ì kOѨ@O "ålÉò (`«Ñ¨Êxã¨i) J#fl q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜ ÉèË^•aè„áêÜ«∞O
ÖË^∞Œ — Jx Wɡfl `≥q· ∞Ü«∂ J<åfl~°∞. J~Ú`Õ D ^è~Œ ‡° "Õ`ÅΫ #∞ ã¨O„ѨuOK«@=∞<Õk,
+¨sJ`üÖ’ q=iOK«|_»x ÖËHõ ~å[ºOÖ’ U~åÊ@¡‰Ωõ ã¨O|OkèOz# q+¨Ü∂« Å =~°‰Ωõ
=∂„`«"Õ∞ Ѩiq∞`«O. áÈ`Õ U q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ +¨sJ`ü P^ÕâßÅ∞ ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ L<åflÜ≥∂
"å\˜Ö’ WHõ "Õ~˘Hõi ã¨ÅǨÅ∞ fã¨∞HÀ=Åã≤# J=ã¨~O° LO_»^∞Œ (Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò Yn~ü).
176. JO>Ë, ã¨ÅǨ fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl `«~°∞"å`« h=Ù Uk ã¨=Úz`«=∞#∞‰õΩO>Ë ^•xfl K≥~Úº.
HÍx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç =∞s K≥~Úº. nx ^•fi~å É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ^Õq∞@O>Ë, ã¨ÅǨ
=∞O_»ex ã¨O„ѨuOz# g∞^Œ@ ‰õÄ_® JOu=∞ x~°Ü ‚ ∞« O ~å*ϺkèHÍi^Õ J=Ù`«∞Ok.
ã¨ÅǨ =∞O_»e K≥Ñ≤Ê# „Ѩu^•xh ѨiáêʼnõΩ_»∞ áê\˜OK«#=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞.
307
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
161 XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ „^ÀǨxH˜ áêÅÊ_»@
=∞<Õk [~°QxÆ Ñ¨x.177 „^ÀǨxH˜ áêÅÊ_Õ
„Ѩu XHõ¯_»∂ `«#∞ „^ÀǨxH˜
áêÅÊ_ç# ^•xx fã¨∞‰õΩx „ѨàÜ ◊ ∞« k<å#
Ǩ[~°=Ù`å_»∞. `«~°∞"å`« „Ѩu XHõ¯iH©
"å~°∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl Hõ~°‡Å‰õΩ ѨÓiÎ
„ѨuѶŨ O W=fi|_»∞`«∞Ok. "åiÔHÖÏO\˜
J<åºÜ«∞O [~°QÆ^Œ∞.
162 Uq∞\©, ^≥·= „Ѩã¨#fl`«‰õΩ
J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ #_»∞K«∞‰õΩ#fl"å_»∞,
^≥·"å„QÆǨxH˜ áê„`«∞_≥· JuK≥_»¤
x"åã¨"≥∞ÿ# #~°HÍxH˜ áÈÜÕ∞"åx`À
ã¨=∂#∞_»=Ù`å_®?
163 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ "åi ™ê÷<åÅ∞ "Õˆ~fi
~°∞QÍ L<åfl~Ú ã¨∞=∂! "å~°∞ KÕ¿ã^ŒO`å
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ K«∂ã¨∂Î<Õ L<åfl_»∞.
QÆ=∞<å~°›"≥∞ÿ# =∞~À q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë ã¨ÅǨ^•~°∞Å∞ Zxfl =∞Oz ã¨ÅǨeKÕÛ
"åÔ~#· ѨÊ\˜H© ѨiáêʼnõΩ_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ H» õ `«Ñʨ ^Œ∞. =KÕÛ PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ ‰õÄ_®
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÃÑ· ÉèÏ~°O "≥∂Ѩ=∞x =∞m¡ `åH©^Œ∞ KÕÜ«∞|_çOk.
177. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ `«=∞ ™ê÷<åÅ#∞ =^ŒeÃÑ\˜ì q[Ü«∞„áêÑ≤Î "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ Ѩ~∞° QÆ∞Å∞
fã≤#"åi =∞#ã¨∞Ö’¡ =zÛ# PÖ’K«# Uq∞@O>Ë `å=Ú QÆ#Hõ ã¨HÍÅOÖ’ JHõ¯_çH˜
KÕ~°∞HÀHõáÈ`Õ, W`«~°∞Å∞ "å\˜x ™êfiǨ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. ^•xÃÑ· D ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ =zÛOk.
q[Ü«∞ ^èŒ#OÖ’ #∞Oz g∞ "å\Ï g∞‰õΩ ^ŒHõ¯^Œx Jã¨Å∞ g∞Ô~ÖÏ J#∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞?
Uq∞\©, g∞‰õΩ g∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O)ÃÑ· Éèí~À™ê ÖˉõΩO_®
áÈ~ÚO^•? QÆ∞~°∞OÎ K«∞HÀO_ç! XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ ^•fi~å Z#fl\˜H,© ZÖÏO\˜ Jqhf [~°Q^Æ ∞Œ .
Wk =Ú=∂‡\˜H© Jã¨OÉè=í O. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Jqhu J<Õk „Ѩ=HõÎ <≥*· ÏxˆH =ºuˆ~HõO.
XHõ"àÕ ◊ „Ѩ=Hˆ Î JqhuѨ~∞° _≥`· Õ =∞i J`«x ^≥=· ^Ò`«ºO ZÖÏ #=∞‡â◊Hºõ O J=Ù`«∞Ok?
Jqhu ÖËHõ „^ÀǨÏO (dÜ«∂#`ü) =∞ǨѨ~å^èŒO. ǨÏnã¨∞ÅÖ’ Jk x~°ÌfiO^ŒfiOQÍ
YO_çOK«|_çOk.
308
55 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
164 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ KÕã≤#
=∞ǨϟѨHÍ~°O Uq∞@O>Ë, PÜ«∞#
"åiÖ’ #∞O_Õ XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ Z#∞fl‰õΩx
"åi =^ŒÌ‰õΩ ѨOáê_»∞.178 J`«_»∞ "åiH˜
PÜ«∞# "åHͺÅ#∞ K«kq qxÑ≤™êÎ_»∞.
"åix Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞eú fl KÕ™êÎ_∞» . "åiH˜ „QÆO^äŒ
*Ï˝<åhfl, q"ÕHÍhfl É’kè™êÎ_»∞.179 xâ◊Û
178. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ XHõ =∂#= =∂„`«∞_»∞ HÍ=@O, P „Ѩ*Ï ã¨=¸Ç¨ÏOÖ’ #∞OKÕ "åix
ã¨O㨯iOKÕ „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ ZOÑ≤Hõ KÕÜ«∞@O xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ ^≥·=Hõ$¿Ñ Jh, Wk
=∂#"åoH˜ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ KÕã≤# =∞ǨϟѨHÍ~°O Jh q=iOK«@O [iyOk. (1).
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë J`«_∞» P *Ïu [#∞Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_Õ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’<Õ ^≥=· ã¨O^Õâßxfl JO^Œ*™Ë êÎ_∞» .
"åi Ü«∂ã¨Ö’<Õ "åix ѨÅHõi™êÎ_∞» . JO^Œ∞=Å¡ „Ѩu=ºH©Î J`«x =∂@#∞ `˘O^Œ~Q° Í
J~°÷O KÕã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. (2). J`«_»∞ =∂#==∂„`«∞_≥· LO_»@O =¸ÅOQÍ =∞#∞[
*Ïu J`«xH˜ `˘O^Œ~°QÍ ^ŒQÆæ~°=Ù`«∞Ok. (3). XHõ =∞x+≤ =∞~À =∞x+≤x
J#∞ã¨iOK«QÆÅ_»∞ QÍx, =∞x+¨<Õ"å_»∞ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å#∞ J#∞ã¨iOK«ÖË_»∞. ^≥·=^Œ∂`«
‰õÄ_® =∂#=ÙÅ =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ#∞, "åi J=ã¨~åÅ#∞ ã¨iQÍæ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀÖË_»∞.
JO^Œ∞ˆH „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å #∞Oz Z#∞fl‰õΩx LO>Ë "å~°∞ ^≥·=^èŒ~°‡ „ѨKå~åxH˜
ã¨O|OkèOz# ÉÏ^茺`«Å#∞ ã¨*Ï=ÙQÍ x~°fiiÎOK«ÖËHõáÈÜÕ∞"å~°∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH `«#
„Ѩ=HõÅÎ O^Œih JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =∂#=*Ïu #∞OKÕ Z#∞fl‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. "å~°∞ =∂\Ï¡_Õ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’<Õ
^≥·=ã¨O^Õâßxfl J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»∞. ^•xH˜ x^Œ~°≈<åeq :
1. ''(F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO "Õ∞=Ú Ñ¨OÑ≤# „Ѩ=HõÎÅO`å =∂#=ÙÖË. "åiH˜
"Õ∞=Ú '=Ç‘Ï—x JO^Œ*Ë¿ã"å~°O.—— (JOaÜ«∂ – 7)
2. ''(F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO "Õ∞=Ú Ñ¨OÑ≤# „Ѩ=HõÎÅO`å J#flO u<Õ"åˆ~.
|*Ï~°¡Ö’ ã¨OK«iOKÕ"åˆ~.—— (JÖò Ѷ¨Ù~åö<£ – 20)
ã¨fiÜ«∂<å ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ KÕ`« WÖÏ K≥Ñ≤ÊOK«@O [iyOk :
3. ''(F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åi`À J#O_ç: <Õ#∂ g∞ÖÏO\˜ XHõ =∂#=Ù}Ë‚. J~Ú`Õ <åÃÑ·
'=Ç‘Ï— J=`«iã¨∞ÎOk.—— (Ǩg∞"£∞ ã¨*ÏÌ – 6)
D<å_»∞ KåÖÏ=∞Ok =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =∂#= =∂„`«∞ÖË##fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl
„QÆÇ≤ÏOK«‰õΩO_®, JO^èŒ qâßfi™êʼnõΩ Ö’#=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞.
179. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) "åi =¸_»∞ =ÚYº ÉÏ^茺`«Å∞ ã¨∂zOK«|_®¤~Ú.
309
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
Ü«∞OQÍ JO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^≥·`Õ180 "åà◊√§
ã¨Ê+¨"ì ∞≥ #ÿ JѨ=∂~åæxH˜ Ö’<≥· LO_Õ"å~°∞.
165 (Uq∞\©?) g∞ÃÑ· PѨ^Œ~åQÍ<Õ –
nxHõ<åfl Ô~O_çO`«Å∞QÍ g∞~°∞ "åiÃÑ·
q~°∞K«∞‰õΩѨ_ç LO_ç ‰õÄ_® – W^≥Hõ¯_ç
#∞Oz =zÛѨ_Oç ^Œx JO\Ï~å?181 ''Wk
KÕ*`Ë ∞« ÖÏ g∞~°∞ H˘x`≥K∞« Û‰õΩ#fl^Õ——182Jx
(F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ѨC. xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ
JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩu ^•xh KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ ã¨=∞~°∞_÷ ∞» .
1. k=º =K«<åÅ áê~åÜ«∞}O. 2. ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞â◊√kú. 3. „QÆO^äŒ*Ï˝<åxfl, q"ÕHÍhfl
<Õ~Ê° @O.
„QÆO^ä•xfl <ÕiÊOK«@OÖ’ 'Ѩ~î°#O— (uÖÏ=`ü) ‰õÄ_® =KÕÛã¨∞ÎOk. Ѩ~î°#O`Àáê>Ë
q+¨Ü«∂xfl q_»=∞~°z K≥¿ÑÊ Ñ¨xx ‰õÄ_® KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û. áê~åÜ«∞}O K≥Ü«∞º‰õΩO_®
áê~î°O K≥ѨÊ@O ™ê^茺=∞ÜÕ∞º q+¨Ü«∞O HÍ^Œ∞. J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© áê~åÜ«∞}Ïxfl "Õ~°∞QÍ
„Ѩ™êÎqOK«@O QÆ=∞xOK«^yŒ # q+¨Ü∞« O. nxfl|\ì̃ J=QÆ`=« ∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë „QÆO^äŒ
áê~åÜ«∞}O XHõ ѨÙ}º„Ѩ^"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ q+¨Ü∞« O. áê~åÜ«∞}O KÕ¿ã"åxH˜, ^•xfl q<Õ"åxH˜
Jk J~°÷"≥∞ÿ<å, J~°÷OHÍHõáÈ~Ú<å ѨiîOz#O^Œ∞‰õΩ ѨÙ}ºO ZÖÏQÆ∂ „áêÑ≤Îã¨∞ÎOk.
k=º Y∞~üP<£ "åHͺÅÃÑ· Ü≥∂K«# KÕÜ«∞@O, ^•x ÉèÏ"åxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=\ÏxH˜
Hõ$+≤ K≥Ü«∞º@O =Ú=∂‡\˜H© J=ã¨~°"Õ∞. J~Ú`Õ D ÅHõ∆ºO <≥~°"Õ~°#O`« =~°‰õÄ
Y∞~üP<£#∞ ѨiîOK«‰õΩO_® KÕ`«∞Å∞ =Ú_»∞K«∞‰õΩx ‰õÄ~ÀÛ=@O ‰õÄ_® ã¨=∞‡`«O
HÍ^Œ∞.
ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞â◊√kú (`«*òH˜Ü«∞) JO>Ë qâßfi™êÅ#∞, PK«~°}Å#∞, #_»=_çHõ#∞ ã¨O㨯iO
K«@O, K«H¯õ k^Œ@Ì =∞x ÉèÏ=O. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ–=∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£(ã¨) `«# *Ïu
„Ѩ[Å#∞ +≤~¯ü ÉèÏ"åÅ#∞Oz `ÒÇ‘Ï^£ ÉèÏ"åÅ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ =∞o§OKå~°∞. <≥u· HõOQÍ ZO`À
kQÆ*Ïi áÈ~Ú# "åiÖ’ ^≥=· cèu, Ѩ~Ö° ’Hõ cèu P^è•~°OQÍ L`«=Î ∞ <≥u· HõÑÙ¨ qÅ∞=Å#∞
#∂iáÈâß~°∞. 'Ç≤ÏHõ‡`ü— JO>Ë KåÖÏ =∞Ok Y∞~üP<£ "åºMϺ`«Å ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ ǨÏnã¨∞
Jx ÉèÏ=O.
180. JO>Ë =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎQÍ Z#∞flHÀ|_»Hõ =Ú#∞Ѩ٠J~°|∞ƒÅ∞
=∂~°æqÇ‘Ï#`«, =∂~°æ„Éèí+¨ì`«Å PYi JOK«∞ʼnõΩ KÕiáÈÜ«∂~°#flk xifi"å^•Oâ◊O†
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ J~°cÖ’ 'W<£— (....) J<Õ Ñ¨^•xH˜ 'XHõ"Õà◊— Jx J~°÷O =ã¨∞ÎOk.
310
56 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
166 W~°∞=~åæÅ "å~°∞ _èHô ˘#fl P ~ÀA#
g∞‰õΩ Hõey# ÉÏ^èŒ ^≥·"å[˝ "Õ∞~°ˆH#x
`≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀO_ç. g∞Ö’ (ã≤ã¨Öˇ·#) qâßfiã¨∞
Öˇ=~À JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ (|Ç≤Ï~°OQÆOQÍ) `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ
^ŒeKå_»∞.
167 ^ŒQÍHÀ~°∞Öˇ=~À183 ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∞#
`≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅ#∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. ''~°O_ç, ^≥·=
=∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~å_»O_ç ÖË^• Jqâßfiã¨∞
Å#∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯O_ç—— Jx "åi`À
(HõѨ@∞Å`À) J#flѨC_»∞, ''Ü«Ú^ŒúO
[~°QÆÉ’`«∞O^Œx =∂‰õΩ `≥eã≤ LO>Ë
`«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_® g∞"≥O@ =KÕÛ "åà◊§"Õ∞——184
J~Ú`Õ D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ =zÛ# W<£ (.. ...) J@∞=O\˜k HÍ^Œ∞. nxx '=ÚYѨÊÑù Ǩ¶ Ïπ
q∞#Öò =Úã¨YöÅÇπÏ— JO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë D 'W<£—, ã¨^Œ~°∞ PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’, 'W#fl— (xâ◊Û
Ü«∞OQÍ, xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ) J<Õ J~°÷OÖ’ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«|_çO^Œ#fl=∂@!
181. JO>Ë LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ g∞ ѨH∆ÍxH˜ K≥Ok# 70 =∞Ok J=∞~°QÆu <˘Ok`Õ,
|„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ g∞~°∞ ‰õÄ_® 70 =∞Ok Jqâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ =kèOz L<åfl~°∞. =∞~À
70 =∞Okx |OnÅ∞QÍ Ñ¨@∞ì‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.
182. JO>Ë – ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) g∞‰õΩ QÆ\˜ìQÍ `åH©^Œ∞ KÕã≤#ѨÊ\˜H© g∞~°∞ PÜ«∞# (ã¨)
=∂@efl ÖˇHõ¯KÕÜ«∞‰õΩO_® xs‚`« ã¨÷ÖÏxfl =^Œe g∞~°∞ Ѷ¨∞’~° `«Ñ≤Ê^ŒO KÕâß~°∞. g∞~°∞
KÕã≤# P `«Ñ¨C=Å¡<Õ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ P "≥·Ñ¨Ù#∞OKÕ PHõã≤‡Hõ ^•_ç KÕã≤ g∞‰õΩ #+¨ìO
HõeyOKå~°∞.
183. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^Œú~°OQÆOÖ’ g∞‰õΩ KÕ‰õÄi# #+¨ìO ^≥·=„Ѩ}ÏoHõ „ѨHÍ~°"Õ∞ KÕ‰õÄiOk
(Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ g∞~°∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâßxfl âßÜ«∞â◊‰õΩÎÖÏ áêeOKÕÖÏ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜
WÖÏ KÕÜ«∞@O [iyOk). ^≥·=qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞ – =OK«‰õΩÅ #∞O_ç ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ "Õ~°∞
Ѩ~°KåÅ#fl Ѩ~°=∂~°÷O ‰õÄ_® WO^Œ∞Ö’ ^•y LOk.
184. D =∂@Å ^•fi~å "å~°∞ UO K≥ѨÊ^ŒÅK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°O>Ë, g∞~°∞ x[OQÍ<Õ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜
"≥à◊√`«∞#fl@¡~Ú`Õ "Õ∞=¸ g∞`Àáê@∞ =zÛ LO_Õ"åà◊§O. HÍx g∞~°∞ "≥à◊√`«∞#flk
Ü«Ú^ŒOú KÕÜ∞« \ÏxH˜ HÍ^Œ∞, HõëêìÅ∞ H˘x`≥K∞« ÛHÀ=\ÏxˆH! UiHÀi g∞~°∞ HõëêìÅ#∞,
Hõ_»QÆO_»¡#∞ H˘x`≥K«∞Û‰õΩO@∂ LO_»QÍ "Õ∞"≥∞O^Œ∞‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O KÕÜ«∂e?
311
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
Jx "å~°∞ |^Œ∞eKåÛ~°∞. P<å_»∞ "åà◊√¡
qâßfiã¨O Hõ<åfl Jqâßfi™êxH˜ |Ǩï
KÕ~°∞=Ö’ L<åfl~°∞.185 `«=∞ =∞#ã¨∞Ö’¡
ÖËx ^•xfl <À\˜`À ѨÅ∞‰õΩ`«∞<åfl~°∞.186
"å~°∞ ^•z LOKÕ ^•xx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ÉÏQÍ
Z~°∞QÆ∞.
168 "å~°∞ `«=∞ WO_»¡Ö’¡<Õ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#flk
QÍHõ, `«=∞ ™È^Œ~°∞Å QÆ∞iOz =∂\Ï¡_»∞
‰õΩO@∂, "å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® `«=∞ =∂@ qx
L#fl@¡~Ú`Õ D q^èŒOQÍ K«OѨ|_ç
LO_Õ"å~°∞ HÍ^Œ∞ Jx JO\Ï~°∞. ''g∞~°∞
ã¨`«º=O`«∞ÖË J~Ú`Õ g∞ „áê}ÏÅ#∞
=∞$`«∞º"å`«# Ѩ_»‰õΩO_® HÍáê_»∞
HÀO_ç——187 Jx (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) "åiH˜ K≥ÑC¨ .
HõѨ\Ï„ˆQã¨~°∞_≥·# J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· =∞iÜ«Ú J`«x J#∞OQÆ∞ J#∞K«~°∞Å∞ ѨeH˜#
ѨÅ∞‰õΩeq. `å=Ú K≥¿ÑÊ^•xfl Ѩ\˜ìOK«∞HÀ#O^Œ∞‰õΩ x~°ã¨#QÍ "å~°∞ 'ëœ`ü— J<Õ
ã¨÷ÅO =^ŒÌ‰õΩ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ<åflHõ =∞n<å‰õΩ u~°∞QÆ∞ =ÚYO Ѩ\Ïì~°∞. P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’
J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Ç≤Ï*Ï"£∞ J<åûs (~°l) "åà◊¡‰õΩ #K«Û*ˇÑ≤Ê Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ áêÖÁæ<ÕÖÏ
XÑ≤ÊOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ f„= „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕÜ«∞™êQÍ~°∞ (W`«~° q=~åÅ∞ "≥#∞Hõ\˜ JOâßÖ’¡
¿Ñ~˘¯#|_®¤~Ú).
185. P ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ "åi <À@ "≥Å∞=_»¤ =∂@Å∞ "åiÖ’x HÍѨ\ϺxH˜ (xá¶êMò‰õΩ),
Jqâßfi™êxH˜ (‰õΩ„Ѷπ‰õΩ) „ѨuaO|OQÍ L<åfl~Ú.
186. "å~°∞ ÃÑH· ˜ K≥ÑÊ≤ # =∂@Å∞ WO`«‰Ωõ =ÚO^Œ∞ q=iOK«|_®¤~Ú. WѨC_»∞ D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’
"åi JO`«~°OQÆO QÆ∞iOz K≥ѨÊ|_»∞`ÀOk. `å=Ú "≥à◊§HõáÈ=@O =Å¡ =Úã≤¡OÅ
Ãã·#ºOÖ’ P`«‡ qâßfiã¨O H©∆}˜ã¨∞ÎO^Œh, Wk Ѩ~ÀHõ∆OQÍ â◊„`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ ÖÏÉèíO
KÕ‰Äõ ~°∞ã¨∞OÎ ^Œh "å~°∞ =∞#ã¨∞Ö’ J#∞‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞. JO>Ë U^À XHõq^èOŒ QÍ W™ê¡O‰õΩ,
=Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) L^Œº=∂xH˜ qѶ¨∂`«O HõÅQÍÅ#flk "åi =∞#ã¨∞Ö’
L#fl HÀiHõ.
187. `«=∞ ã¨ÖǨ#∞ áê\˜Oz Wà◊§Ö’¡<Õ ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx LO>Ë Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ J=∞~°QÆ`«∞Öˇ·# `«=∞
™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ D ^Œ∞~°æu Ѩ>Ëìk HÍ^Œ#flk HõѨ@∞Å L"åK«. nxH˜ ã¨=∂^è•#OQÍ,
312
57 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
169 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∂~°æOÖ’ K«OѨ|_ç#
"åix ã¨∞`«~å=¸ =∞$`«∞Å∞QÍ `«ÅáÈÜ«∞
HõO_ç. "å~°∞ ã¨r=ÙÅ∞. "åiH˜ `«=∞
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù =^ŒÌ PǨ~°O188 W=fi|_»∞
`«∞Ok.
170 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# J#∞„QÆǨÏO =Å¡
"˘ã¨y# ^•O`À "å~°∞ KåÖÏ ã¨O`À+¨OQÍ
L<åfl~°∞. WOHÍ `«=∞`À =zÛKÕ~x° , `«=∞
"≥#∞Hõ („ѨѨOK«OÖ’<Õ) LO_çáÈ~Ú#
"åi189 (qâßfiã¨∞Å) QÆ∞iOz Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O
â◊√Éè"í å~°Î qxÑ≤OK«∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. ÉèÜ
í ∞«
Ѩ_=» Åã≤#, ^Œ∞ódOK«=Åã≤# J=ã¨~O°
ÖË#O^Œ∞ʼnõΩ ("å~°∞ P#O^ŒOQÍ
L<åfl~°∞).
XHõ"Õà◊ g∞ =∂@Ö’¡ U=∂„`«O x*Ï~Úf L<åfl g∞~°∞ g∞ =∞~°}Ïxfl "å~Ú^•
"Õã≤ K«∂Ñ≤OK«O_ç Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨"åÅ∞ qã≤~å_»∞. nx ÉèÏ=O Uq∞@O>Ë qkè„"å`«
#∞Oz Z=~°∂ `«ÑÊ≤ OK«∞HÀÖË~∞° . =∞$`«∞º=Ù ZѨC_»∞ ~å"åÖ’, ZHõ¯_» ~å"åÖ’ ~åã≤ÃÑ\˜ì
LO@∞Ok. ^•x „ѨHÍ~°O Jk =zÛf~°∞ÎOk. ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~å@Ѩ\˜=∞#∞
„Ѩ^Œi≈OK«=Åã≤# H©ÅHõ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ "≥#∞flK«∂Ñ≤ áêiáÈ~Ú#O`« =∂„`å# ÖËHõ
Ü«Ú^Œú ~°OQÍxH˜ "≥à◊§‰õΩO_® HÍH˜ÖˇHõ¯Å∞ "Õã¨∂Î WO\’¡ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#flO`« =∂„`å#
=∞$`«∞º=Ù Hõ|oOK«‰õΩO_® LO_»^Œ∞.
188. J=∞~°QÆ`«∞Å∞ ã¨r=ÙÅ∞QÍ LO\Ï~°#flk "åã¨Î==∂? ÖËHõ ˆH=ÅO "åi Q“~°=O
^Œ$ëêìº JÖÏ J#|_çO^•? JO>Ë =Ú=∂‡\˜H© "åã¨Î="Õ∞. HÍx „ѨѨOK«"åã¨∞Å∞ P
q+¨Ü∂« xfl J~°O÷ KÕã∞¨ HÀÖË~∞° . (k=º Y∞~üP<£ D q+¨Ü∂« xfl ã¨Ê+¨Oì QÍ „ѨH\õ O˜ zOk.
JÖò |Y~å ã¨∂~åÖ’x 154= PÜ«∞`«∞#∞ K«∂_»O_ç). =∞i P rq`åxfl ã¨∂÷ÅOQÍ
ZÖÏ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe J#flk „Ѩâ◊fl. ã¨=∂^èŒ∞ÅÖ’H˜ "åi P`«‡Å∞ uiy
ѨOѨ|_»`åÜ«∞h, ^≥"· å#∞„QÆÇ¨ Å#∞ P™êfikã¨∂Î "å~°∞ JO^Œ∞Ö’ Ǩ~ÚQÍ LO\Ï~°x
H˘O`«=∞Ok q^•fiOã¨∞Å∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞. ã¨fi~°æOÖ’ ѨO_»∞¡ Ѷ¨ÖÏÅ ã¨∞"åã¨##∞
Ñ‘Å∞Û`«∂ "å~°∞ ã¨∞YOQÍ, ã¨O`«$ѨÎOQÍ LO\Ï~°x =∞i H˘O^Œ~°∞ "åºMϺxOKå~°∞.
J~Ú`Õ Ç¨Ïnã¨∞ ^•fi~å =¸_À q+¨Ü∞« O ‰õÄ_® `≥eÜ«∞=™ÈÎOk. W^Õ x[=∞~ÚOk.
J^Õq∞@O>Ë "åi P`«‡Å∞ ѨK«Ûx Ѩ‰õ∆ΩÅ L^Œ~åÖ’¡H˜ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ@ì |_»`å~Ú. Jq
313
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
171 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =~åŠѨ@¡, (PÜ«∞#)
J#∞„QÆǨÏO Ѩ@¡ "å~°∞ ZO`«QÍ<À
ã¨O`À+≤ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞Å
ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÖÏxfl =$^è• HÍx=fi_»#fl
q+¨Ü«∞O ‰õÄ_® "åi<≥O`«QÍ<À
ã¨O`«$ѨÑÎ ~¨ z° Ok.190
ã¨fi~°æOÖ’ uO@∂ „`åQÆ∞`«∂, JO^Œe J#∞„QÆǨÅ#∞ `«xqf~å P™êfikã¨∂Î
LO\Ï~Ú (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü – ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O : H˜`å|∞Öò W=∂~°ÇπÏ „ѨHõ~°}O
P^è•~°OQÍ).
189. JO>Ë WѨÊ\˜=~°‰Äõ (K«xáȉõΩO_®) „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’<Õ L#fl qâßfiã¨∞Å∞, ÖËHõ lǨ^£Ö’
áêÖÁæ#fl"å~°∞ g~°=∞~°}O á⁄Ok `«=∞ÖÏQÍ "å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® J#∞„QÆǨÏÉèíi`«"≥∞ÿ#
WÖÏO\˜ rq`åxH˜ <ÀK«∞‰õΩO>Ë WOHÍ ÉÏ=ÙO@∞O^Õ"≥∂! Jx J#∞‰õΩO@∂
LO\Ï~°∞. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ J=∞~°QÆu<˘Ok#"å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞^ÕÌtºOz,
''„ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ =∂ "≥#∞Hõ LO_çáÈ~Ú# =∂ ™È^Œ~∞° ʼnõΩ ã¨∞Yã¨O`ÀëêÅ`À xO_ç#
=∂ r=# Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz `≥eÜ«∞*Ë¿ã"åÔ~=~°~Ú<å L<åfl~å?! D "å~°Î
QÆ#Hõ "åiH˜ JOk`Õ "åÔ~#fl_»∂ ^èŒ~°‡Ü«Ú^ŒúO (lǨ^£) Ѩ@¡ q=ÚY`« K«∂Ѩ‰õΩO_®
LO\Ï~°∞—— Jx q#flqOK«∞HÀQÍ, ''g∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∂xfl <Õ#∞ "åiH˜ `≥eÜ«∞*Ë™êÎ#∞——
Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ç¨g∞ ~ÚKåÛ_»∞. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’<Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D PÜ«∞`«∞#∞
J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»∞ (=Úã¨fl^≥ JǨχ^£, ã¨∞#<≥ J|∂ ^•=Ó^£). W^ÕQÍHõ WOHÍ
J<ÕHõ ǨÏnã¨∞Å ^•fi~å ‰õÄ_® +¨Ç¨^Œ`ü (J=∞~°QÆu) Q˘Ñ¨Ê^Œ#O qk`«=∞=Ù`ÀOk.
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ XHõ ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ WÖÏ J#|_çOk: ''=∞~°}˜Oz ^Õ=Ùx ã¨xflkèÖ’
P^Œ~°} á⁄Ok# U „áê}© uiy WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’H˜ ~å=\ÏxH˜ W+¨ìѨ_»^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ
J=∞~°QÆ`«∞_»∞ =∂„`«O =∞m¡ WǨÏÖ’HõOÖ’H˜ =zÛ =∞~À™êi ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’
g~°=∞~°}O á⁄O^•Åx JaèÅ+≤™êÎ_»∞. J=∞~°QÆu <˘O^Õ"åiH˜ ÅaèOKÕ L#fl`«
„âı}˜x uÅH˜Oz# HÍ~°}OQÍ J`«xÖ’ D Pâ◊, JaèÖÏ+¨ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok—— (=Úã¨fl^≥
JǨχ^£, ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O).
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) `«#`À D q^èŒOQÍ J<åfl~°x Ǩτ[`ü *Ïa~ü (~°l) K≥áêÊ~°∞:
''h‰õΩ `≥Å∞™ê! JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ h `«O„_çx „|uH˜Oz, '<å#∞O_ç U=∞<åfl HÀ~°∞HÀ— Jx
J_çQÍ_»∞. ^•xH˜ h `«O„_ç, '<å‰õΩ XˆH XHõ¯ HÀiHõ LOk – J^Õq∞@O>Ë =∞m¡
##∞fl „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’H˜ ѨOÑ≤¿ãÎ <Õ#∞ =∞m¡ h =∂~°Oæ Ö’ áÈ~å_ç J=∞~°QuÆ <˘O^•Å#flk
<å HÀiHõ— Jx |^Œ∞eKåÛ_»∞. 'Wk Jã¨OÉèí=O. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë XHõ™êi <å ^ŒQÆæ~°‰õΩ
=zÛ# `«~°∞"å`« „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ uiy"≥àı§ J=HÍâ◊O Z=iH© W=fi|_»^Œx <Õ#∞
=ÚO^Õ x~°‚Ü«∞O KÕ¿ãâß#∞— Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JO\Ï_»∞.
314
58 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
172 Z=~°~Ú`Õ f„=OQÍ QÍÜ«∞Ѩ_ç#
`«~°∞"å`« ‰õÄ_® ^≥·=O =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥·=
„Ѩ=HõÎ P[˝Å#∞ t~°™ê=Ç≤ÏOKå~À,
"åiÖ’ Z=~°~Ú`Õ ã¨^•K«~°} KÕã≤,
ÉèíÜ«∞Éèí‰õΩÎÅ`À =∞ã¨Å∞‰õΩ<åfl~À "åi
H˘~°‰õΩ Q˘Ñ¨Ê ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨Å=ÚOk.191
190. WHõ¯_» J=∞~°Q`Æ ∞« Å ã¨O`Àëêxfl =∞~À=∂~°∞ „Ѩ™êÎqOz "åiH˜ ã¨O`À+¨O `«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_®
ÅaèOz f~°∞`«∞O^Œx <˘H˜¯ K≥ѨÊ|_»∞`«∞#flk. JÖψQ =∞~À q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë
"åi D ã¨∞Yã¨O`ÀëêʼnõΩ HÍ~°}O ÉèíÜ«∞O, ^Œ∞óYO`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞
^Œ∂~°=∞=@O XHõ¯>Ë HÍ^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩ™êkOz# J#O`«"∞≥ #ÿ =~åÅ#∞, J#∞„QÆÇ¨
Å#∞ K«∂z# `«~°∞"å`« "åi ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂O`«~åàÏÅ∞ P#O^ŒO`À Ѩ~°=t™êÎ~Ú.
=∞i H˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å „ѨHÍ~°O "åiH˜ Hõey# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨O`ÀëêxH˜ HÍ~°}O
„ѨѨOK«OÖ’ `«=∞ "≥#∞Hõ LO_çáÈ~Ú# `«=∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏŸ^Œ~°∞Å∞. Ô~O_»= ã¨O`ÀëêxH˜
HÍ~°}O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "˘ã¨y# J#O`« J#∞„QÆǨÅ∞ (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
191. LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúO #∞O_ç =∞Hͯ‰õΩ uiy=ã¨∞Î#flѨC_»∞ =∂~°æ=∞^茺OÖ’ =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å‰õΩ
XHõ PÖ’K«# `«\˜ìOk. `å=Ú =∞n<åÃÑ· ^ŒO_≥`ÕÎ ã¨∞=~å‚=HÍâßxfl *Ï~°q_»∞K«∞
‰õΩ<åfl=∞h, =Úã≤O¡ Å∞ Jxfl q^è•Å∞QÍ#∂ ^è~·≥ º° ™êǨϙêÅ#∞ HÀÖ’Ê~Ú, ѨÖÏÜ«∞#O
z`«Îyã¨∞Î#fl `«~°∞}OÖ’ `å=Ú QÆ#Hõ =∞n<å #QÆ~°OÃÑ· ^•_ç[iÑ≤ LO>Ë W™ê¡O
=$Hõ∆O ‰õÄHõ\˜„"Õà◊§`À ÃÑHõeOK«|_Õk Hõ^•! Jx ‰õΩÔ~·+¨µÅ∞ ÉËsA "Õã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞.
ã¨iQÍæ J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ J@∞ =∞n<åÖ’ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O), â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ U
Hõ}∆ OÖ’#~Ú<å =∞~À™êi =∞n<åÃÑH· ˜ ^ŒO_≥uÎ =™êÎ~x° J#∞=∂xOKå~°∞. JO^Œ∞Hˆ
`«# ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å`À ã¨O„ѨuOѨÙÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ\Ïì~°∞. JѨÊ\˜ˆH Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ Jáê~°"≥∞ÿ#
^è#Œ „áê} #+ì̈O ã¨OÉèqí Oz ÉÏ^è•`«ÑÎ̈ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O`À L#fl „Ѩ=HõÎ „Ñ≤Ü∞« ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Å∞
`«=∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩx P^Õâ◊OÃÑ· P`«‡ ~°Hõ∆}‰õΩ ã≤^Œú"≥∞ÿáÈÜ«∂~°∞. =∞n<å‰õΩ 8 "≥∞ÿà◊§
^Œ∂~å# L#fl ''Ǩτ=∂=ÙÖò Jã¨^£—— =^ŒÌ "≥∂ǨÏiOKå~°∞. D ã¨=∂Kå~°O J@∞
=Ú„+≤‰Ωõ ¯Å‰õΩ KÕiáÈ~ÚOk. ^•O`À =∞n<åÃÑ· ^•_çKÜ Õ ∞« \ÏxH˜ Wk ã¨~Ô #· ã¨=∞Ü«∞O
HÍ^Œx `«ÅáÈã≤ =∞Hͯ =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å∞ `ÀHõ =Ú_çKå~°∞. P `«~°∞"å`« ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)
`«# ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å`À HõÅã≤ =∞n<å‰õΩ "åѨã¨∞ JÜ«∂º~°∞.
D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ „Ѩ=HõÎ ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Ö’¡x D q^èÕÜ«∞`å ÉèÏ=O H˘xÜ«∂_»|_çOk.
=∞iH˘O`«=∞Ok "åºMϺ`«Å Jaè„áêÜ«∞O „ѨHÍ~°O D PÜ«∞`«∞ J|∂ ã¨∞á¶êº<£
ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ J=`«iOzOk. =KÕÛ U_®k '|„^≥ ã¨∞„Ѷ¨∂—Ö’ g∞‰õΩ – =∂‰õΩ
315
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 15
Pre-f
173 ''Jqâßfiã¨[#∞Å∞ g∞‰õΩ =ºu
ˆ~HõOQÍ ÉèÏs Ãã·<åºxfl "≥∂ǨÏiOz
L<åfl~°∞. g∞~°∞ "åiH˜ ÉèÜ
í ∞« Ѩ_O» _ç—— Jx
„Ѩ[Å∞ "åi`À J#flѨC_»∞, P =∂@
"åi qâßfi™êxfl =∞iO`«QÍ ÃÑOzOk.
^•xH˜ ["å|∞QÍ ''=∂‰õΩ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ KåÅ∞.
PÜ«∞# KåÖÏ=∞Oz HÍ~°º™ê^茉õΩ_»∞——192
Jx "å~°<åfl~°∞.
=∞^茺 áÈ~°∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx J|∂ ã¨∞á¶êº<£ ÃÇÏK«ÛiOKå_»∞. (PÜ«∞# JѨÊ\˜H˜OHÍ
=Úã≤¡O HÍÖË^Œ∞). J`«x ã¨"åÅ∞#∞ ã‘fiHõiã¨∂Î =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ ^≥·"åxH˜, ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõΉõΩ
ѨÓiÎ q^èÕÜ«∞`«#∞ Hõ#|~°∞™êÎ=∞x =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =KåÛ~°∞. â◊H˜Î =OK«# ÖˉõΩO_®
áÈ~å_»`å=∞x =∂\˜KåÛ~°∞ (Ѷ`¨ Çü ï¨ Öò Yn~ü, Wɡfl Hõã~‘ Åü Ö’x "åºMϺ# ™ê~åOâ◊O).
J~Ú`Õ D z=i Jaè„áêÜ«∞O ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ PÜ«∞`«∞ ÉèÏ=O`À ã¨=∞~°ã¨O K≥O^Œ@O
ÖË^∞Œ .
192. 'Ǩτ=∂=ÙÖò Jã¨^—£ ã¨O^Œ~ƒ° Où QÍ (H˘O`«=∞Ok Wk |„^≥ ã¨∞„QÍÖ’ [iy# ã¨OѶ∞¨ @#
Jx K≥|∞`å~°∞) Jqâßfiã¨∞Å <åÜ«∞‰õΩ_≥·# J|∂ ã¨∞á¶êº<£ H˘O`«=∞OkH˜ ^èŒ#O
WzÛ, "åiKÕ`« =Úã≤O¡ ÅÖ’ =^ŒO`«∞efl "åºÑ≤OѨ*âË ß_»∞. =∞Hͯ‰õΩ K≥Ok# =Ú„+≤‰Ωõ ¯Å∞
ã¨~fi° q^è•ÖÏ Ü«Ú^•úxH˜ ã¨#fl^Œ∞Öú ·ˇ =ã¨∞<Î åfl~°#flk P =^ŒO`«∞Å ™ê~åOâ◊O. nx=Å¡
=Úã≤¡OÅ ta~åÅÖ’ HõÅ=~°O ѨÙ\ÏìÅh, "å~°∞ ^è≥·~°º™êǨϙêÅ#∞ g_ç Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O
qÉèkË OK«∞HÀ"åÅx Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ PtOKå~°∞. =∞iH˘xfl LÖËY¡ <åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O Ã+`· å<£
`«# =¸HõÅ KÕ`« D ѨÙHÍ~°∞¡ ѨÙ\˜ìOKå_»∞. J~Ú`Õ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ D ~°Hõ=∞~Ú#
=^ŒO`«∞ʼnõΩ U=∂„`«O `˘}HõÖ^Ë ∞Œ ã¨iHõ^•, kfiQÆ∞}©H$õ `« qâßfiã¨O`À, ã¨=∞kèHÀ`åû
ǨÏO`À „Ѩu‰õÄŠѨ=<åʼnõΩ Z^Œ∞s^Œ_®xH˜ xâ◊Û~ÚOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. =Úã≤¡OÅÖ’x
P ÉèÏ"å<Õfl WHõ¯_» qâßfiã¨OÖ’ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅQÍ ã¨∂zOK«@O [iyOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë
qâßfiã¨O (D=∂<£) ZO`« QÆ\Qì˜ Í LO>Ë ã¨OHõÅÊO ‰õÄ_® JO`Õ ^Œ$_èO» QÍ LO@∞Ok.
=∞x+≤Ö’ áÈ~å@ÉèÏ=O, ã¨∂ÊùiÎ ‰õÄ_® JѨC_Õ Ñ¨Ù@∞ì‰õΩ =™êÎ~Ú. D PÜ«∞`«∞
^•fi~å `Õ@`≥Å¡=∞ÜÕ∞º WOH˘Hõ q+¨Ü«∞"Õ∞q∞@O>Ë D=∂<£ (qâßfiã¨O) J<Õk
ÃÑ~°Q‰Æ Ωõ O_®, `«~Q° ‰Æ Ωõ O_® Yx[O ÖÏQÍ Ñ¨_ç LO_Õ =ã¨∞=Î ÙHÍ^Œ∞. JO^Œ∞Ö’ ÃÇÏK«∞Û
`«QÆ∞æÅ∞ J=Ù`«∂ LO\Ï~Ú. ǨÏnã¨∞ "Õ`«ÎÅ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_® W^Õ. Hõ+¨ìHÍÅOÖ’
qâßfiã¨∞Å#|_Õ"å~°∞ `«=∞ „Ѩܫ∞`åflÅ∞ `å=Ú KÕã¨∂Î<Õ ã¨~°fiÖ’Hõ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù, HÍ~°º
™ê^茉õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÃÑ· ѨÓiÎ Éèí~À™ê KÕ™êÎ~°∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH ''ǨÏã¨∞ƒ#ÖϡǨï =
316
59 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final

174 (`«`«Êùe`«OQÍ) "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ

„Ѩ™êkOz# =~åÅ`À, J#∞„QÆǨÏO`À
uiy =KåÛ~°∞.193 "åiÔHÖÏO\˜ H©_»∂
HõÅQÆÖ^Ë ∞Œ . "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩã#¨ fl`«#∞
J#∞ã¨iOKå~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Q˘Ñ¨Ê
J#∞„QÆǨÏO HõÅ"å_»∞.
175 x*ÏxH˜ (D "å~°Î JO^Œ*Ëã≤#)
"å_»∞ Ã+·`å#∞. "å_»∞ `«# q∞„`«∞Å
QÆ∞iOz g∞‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« ÃÑ\Ïì_∞» .194 Hõ#∞Hõ
g∞~°∞ Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_H» Oõ _ç,
g∞~°∞ qâßfiã¨∞ÖË J~Ú`Õ <å‰õΩ
í ∞« Ѩ_O» _ç.195
ÉèÜ
hJò=∞Öò =H©Öò—— (=∂‰õΩ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ KåÅ∞. PÜ«∞# J`«∞º`«Î=∞ HÍ~°º™ê^茉õΩ_»∞) J<Õ
=K«<åxfl J`«ºkèHõOQÍ Ñ¨iîã¨∂Î LO_»@O =∞ǨÏ`«∂Ê~°fiHõ q+¨Ü«∞O Jx ǨÏnã¨∞Å∞
K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. ã¨ÇÏ‘ ÇπÏ |∞MÏs `«k`«~° „QÆO^ä•ÅÖ’x LÖËY¡ #O „ѨHÍ~°O ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ
Ǩτ[`ü W„ÉÏÇ‘ÏO (JÖˇ·Ç≤Ïã¨ûÖÏO)#∞ JyflÖ’ Ѩ_»"Õã≤#ѨC_»∞ PÜ«∞# <À@ D
=K«#"Õ∞ "≥Å∞=_çOk (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
193. WHõ¯_» =~°O (h—=∞`«∞<£) JO>Ë âßOu Jh, J#∞„QÆǨÏO (Ѷ¨*ò¡) JO>Ë ÖÏÉèíO
Jh J~°÷O. |„^≥ ã¨∞„Ѷ¨∂Ö’ =~°ÎHõO ^•fi~å =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ Wk „áêÑ≤ÎOzOk. |„^≥
ã¨∞„Ѷ¨∂ =^ŒÌ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) XHõ =~°ÎHõ a_®~°∞ =^ŒÌ ã¨~°‰õΩ H˘x q„Hõ~ÚOKå~°∞.
`«^•fi~å =zÛ# ÖÏÉèÏxfl PÜ«∞# (ã¨) ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° ÅO^ŒiH© ѨOzÃÑ\Ïì~∞° (Wɡfl Hõã~‘ )ü .
194. g∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ZO`À |Å=O`«∞Åx "å_»∞ g∞‰õΩ #∂iáÈâß_»∞. D =∂@ʼnõΩ
g∞~°∞ h~°∞QÍi áÈ`å~°x "å_»#∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.
195. "å~°∞ g∞=∞^躌 =^ŒO`«∞efl "åºÑ≤OѨ*ãË ∞¨ #Î flѨC_»∞ g∞ˆ~=∂„`«O MË^ÑŒ _¨ ‰» Ωõ O_® g∞~°∞
<åÃÑ·<Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_»O_ç. <å "≥·Ñ¨ÙˆH =∞~°ÅO_ç. g∞‰õΩ <å ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O KåÅ∞. <Õ#∞
g∞‰õΩ JO_»QÍ LO_ç, g∞ HÍ~°ºO ™êkèOzÃÑ_»`å#∞. "Õ~˘HõKÀ@ `åH©^Œ∞ KÕã≤#@∞¡
''Uq∞\©, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# ^•ã¨∞xH˜ ã¨iáÈ_®?—— (JA˚=∞~ü–36). =∞~ÀKÀ@ WÖÏ
J#|_çOk : ''<Õ#∂, <å „Ñ¨=HõÎÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ PkèѨ`«ºO =Ç≤Ï™êÎ~°∞ Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
~åã≤ÃÑ>Ëìâß_»∞—— (=Ú*Ï^ŒÅÇπÏ–21).
317
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f

176 (F „Ѩ = HÍÎ ! ) Jqâßfi㨠O Ö’

=ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ^Œ∂ã¨∞‰õΩáÈ`«∞#fl "åix K«∂ã≤
#∞=Ùfi kQÆ∞Å∞ K≥O^Œ‰Ωõ . "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ
U=∂„`«O H©_∞» HõeyOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . "åiH˜ Ѩ~°
Ö’HõOÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜ ÉèÏQÆ=¸ W=fi~å^Œ
#flk JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ L^ÕÌâ◊O.196 "åi H˘~°‰õΩ
Ѷ¨∞’~° tHõ∆ HõÅ^Œ∞.
177 qâßfi™êxH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ Jqâßfi™êxfl
H˘<Õ"å~°∞ Z\˜ìѨiã≤÷uÖ’#∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
JѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ«∞ÖË~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ =º^è•Éèíi`«
"≥∞ÿ# tHõ∆ "åiHÀã¨O ã≤^ŒúO KÕÜ«∞|_ç
LOk.
178 "Õ∞=Ú Wã¨∞#Î fl J=HÍâßxfl Jqâßfi
ã¨∞Å∞ `«=∞ áêe@ "Õ∞Öˇ·#^Œx ÉèÏqOK«
~å^Œ∞ ã¨∞=∂! "å~°∞ `«=∞ áêáêŠѨÙ@ì#∞
ÃÑOK«∞HÀ=\ÏxˆH D J=HÍâ◊O
Wã¨∞Î<åflO.197 J==∂#Éèíi`«"≥∞ÿ# tHõ∆
"åi HÀã¨"Õ∞ LOk.
196. „Ѩ[ÅO`å W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOKåÅ#flk =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) HÀiHõ! JO^Œ∞ˆH "åi
kèHͯ~° "≥Y· i PÜ«∞xfl =∞#™êÎáêxH˜ Ö’#∞KÕ¿ãk. JO^Œ∞KÕ`,« 'h=Ù kQÆ∞Å∞ K≥O^Œ‰Ωõ .
gà◊√¡ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ ZÖÏO\˜ H©_∂» HõeyOK«Ö~Ë ∞° . ÃÑ÷ ÑK«∞Û gà◊√¡ `«=∞ Ѩ~Ö° ’Hõ rq`å<Õfl
áê_»∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞— Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞xfl (ã¨) F^•~åÛ_»∞. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞
=∂#=ÙÅ „âıÜ≥∂aèÖÏ+¨µÖˇ· LO\Ï~°#fl ^•xH˜ Wk =∞K«∞Û`«∞#Hõ.
197. D PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ =º=kèxKÕÛ `«# q^è•<åxfl qâ◊nHõiOKå_»∞.
PÜ«∞# `«# „Ѩ}ÏoHõ##∞ã¨iOz ã¨`«º u~°™ê¯~°∞ʼnõΩ, =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å‰õΩ QÆ_»∞=Ù
Wã¨∂ÎáÈ`å_»∞. `å`å¯eHõOQÍ "åiH˜ ã≤iã¨OѨ^Œbfl, ã¨O`å<å^Œ∞efl, JkèHÍ~åÅ#∞
‰õÄ_® W™êÎ_∞» . ^Õ=Ù_»∞ "åiH˜ Jáê~°OQÍ J#∞„QÆÇÏ≤ ã¨∞<Î åfl_»x „Ѩ[Å∞ `«ÅáÈ™êÎ~∞° .
J~Ú`Õ D =∞ǨÉèÏQͺÅ#∞ J#∞ÉèíqOKÕ"å~°∞ g\˜x ^≥·"å#∞„QÆǨÅ∞QÍ ÉèÏqOz
^≥·=q^èÕÜ«∞`å =∂~åæxfl J=ÅOa¿ãÎ ã¨i. ÖˉõΩO>Ë D '^≥·=Hõ$¿Ñ— "åi áêe@
318
60 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final

179 JѨq„`«∞Å#∞ Ѩq„`«∞Å #∞Oz "Õ~∞°

Ѩ~°KÕ =~°‰õÄ198 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞
WѨC_»∞#fl ã≤÷uÖ’<Õ =^ŒeÃÑ@ì_»∞. JÖÏ
Jx JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ g∞‰õΩ JQÀK«~° q+¨Ü∂« Å#∂
`≥Å∞Ѩ_»∞.199 ÃÑ·QÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# „Ѩ=HõÎ
ÅÖ’ `å#∞ HÀi# "åix (WO^Œ∞HÀã¨O)
Z#∞fl‰õΩO\Ï_»∞.200 JO^Œ∞KÕ`« g∞~°∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞, PÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞ qâ◊fiã≤O
K«O_ç. g∞ˆ~ QÆ#Hõ qâ◊fiã≤Oz, ^≥·=cèu
Ѩ~∞° Å∞QÍ =∞ã¨Å∞‰õΩ#fl@¡~Ú`Õ g∞‰õΩ Q˘Ñ¨Ê
ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅO Åaèã¨∞ÎOk.
'^Õ=Ùx QÆ_∞» =Ù—QÍ Ñ¨i}q∞ã¨∞OÎ k. Ѩ~º° =™ê#OQÍ "åi áêѨO ѨO_»∞`«∂ áÈ`«∞Ok.
u~°™ê¯~° "≥·YiÖ’, `«Åa~°∞ã¨∞`«#OÖ’ "å~°∞ =∞iO`« "ÕQÆOQÍ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ
^Œ∂ã¨∞‰õΩáÈ`å~°∞. Éèí∞qÖ’ K≥ň~yáÈ`å~°∞. Hõ_»‰õΩ ^Õ=Ù_»∞ "åiÃÑ· `«# H˘~°_®#∞
~°≠∞oÑ≤™êÎ_»∞. âßtfi`«"≥∞ÿ# #~°HÍxfl "åi x"å㨠™ê÷#OQÍ Y~å~°∞ KÕ™êÎ_»∞. D
JOâßxfl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’ J<ÕHõKÀ@¡ „Ѩ™êÎqOKå_»∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ
"≥∂q∞#∂<£ ã¨∂~åÖ’ K«∂_»O_ç: ''"Õ∞=Ú "åi ã≤iã¨O`å<å^Œ∞ÅÖ’ =$kú "˘ã¨Q∞Æ `«∂
LO>Ë, "åiH˜ "Õ∞à◊√¡ KÕÜ∞« @OÖ’ "Õ∞"Õ∞ `˘O^Œ~Ñ° _¨ ∞» `«∞<åfl=∞x "å~°#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~å?
ÖË^Œ∞. "å~°∞ Jã¨Å∞ q+¨Ü«∂xfl J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O ÖË^Œ∞—— (55, 56).
198. JO^Œ∞Hˆ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `«Ñʨ ‰õΩO_® ѨsHõ∆ ÃÑ_»`å_»∞. `«^•fi~å `«# q∞„`«∞Å#∞ |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ
Ѩ~∞° ™êÎ_∞» . â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ J==∂<åxH˜ QÆ∞iKÕ™êÎ_∞» . qâßfiã¨∞Å#∞, Fiq∞QÆÅ "åix
XHõ "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ – HÍѨ@ºO, "≥~· É° Ïè =O QÆÅ "åix =∞~À "≥Ñ· Ù¨ ‰õΩ ã¨Ê+¨Oì QÍ q_»nÜ«∞_®xˆH
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åix HõëêìʼnõΩ Ö’#∞ KÕ™êÎ_»∞, LǨï^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’ KÕã≤#@∞¡QÍ.
199. g∞‰õΩ JQÀK«~åÅ *Ï˝#O ZÖÏQÆ∂ ÖË^∞Œ . x["≥∞#ÿ , #=∞‡^ŒQæÆ ã¨ÇϨ K«~∞° Öˇ=~À, qâßfiã¨
Ѷ¨∂`«‰õΩÖˇ=~À ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ `ÕeáÈ"åÅO>Ë g∞‰õΩ WÖÏO\˜ Hõiî# ѨsHõ∆Å∞ Z^Œ∞~°=@O
KåÖÏ J=ã¨~O° . WÖÏO\˜ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’<Õ =º‰õΩÅÎ x[ã¨fi~°∂ѨO |Ü«∞@Ѩ_∞» `«∞Ok.
200. JQÀK«~° q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞@O ^≥·=q^è•#O HÍ^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ `å#∞ HÀi#
„Ѩ=HõÎÅÖ’ H˘O^ŒiH˜ H˘xfl q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ PÜ«∞# `≥eÜ«∞*Ë™êÎ_»∞. `«^•fi~å „Ñ¨=HõÎ
`«# *Ïu „Ѩ[ÅÖ’ ^ŒQÍHÀ~°∞Öˇ=~À, "åi HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÖËq∞\’, "å~°∞ Ѩ#∞fl`«∞#fl
319
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f

180 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# Hõ$Ѩ`À „Ѩ™êkOz#

^•xÖ’ Ñ≤ã<≤ å~°∞Å∞QÍ „Ѩ=iÎOKÕ"å~°∞, P
Ñ≤ã≤<åi`«#O `«=∞ áêe@ "Õ∞Öˇ·#^Œx
ÉèÏqOK«~å^Œ∞. "åã¨Î"åxH˜ Jk "åi
áêe@ ǨxHõ~O° . Ñ≤ã<≤ åi`«#O`À "å~°∞
‰õÄ_»É@ˇ ∞ì‰Ωõ #fl =ã¨∞"Î Õ „ѨàÜ
◊ ∞« k<å# "åi
"≥∞_»‰õΩ QÆ∞k|O_»QÍ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok.201
Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ "å~°ã¨`«fiO JÖÏ¡ÇπψH
K≥O^Œ∞`«∞Ok. g∞~°∞ KÕ¿ã^ŒO`å JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ
`≥Å∞ã¨∞.
‰õΩ`«O„`åÅ =Å¡ ^èŒ~°‡Ñ¨^äŒOÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜ J=~À^è•Å∞ Z^Œ∞~°=Ù`«∞<åflÜ≥∂ `≥Å∞ã¨∞
‰õΩO\Ï_»∞. JO>Ë H˘xfl „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’, Z=~À XHõi^ŒÌ~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÎʼnõΩ
ã¨OHˆ `«„áêÜ«∞OQÍ D ã¨OQÆu `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ∞« |_»∞`«∞Ok. JO`ÕQÍx Wk ã¨~fi° ™ê^è•~°}
q+¨Ü∞« O ZO`«=∂„`«O HÍ^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ `«ÅK«#O`«=~°‰Äõ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞ ã¨~Ú`«O HõÑ@¨ ∞Å
֒Ѩe q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞, "åi =∞kÖ’ "≥∞^ŒÅ∞`«∞#fl ‰õΩÜ«Ú‰õΩÎÅ#∞ Ѩã≤QÆ@ìÖË~°∞ (`ÒÉÏ
ã¨∂~åÖ’x 101= PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞^ÕÌtºOz D ã¨OQÆu K≥áêÊ_»∞
– ''F „Ѩ=HÍÎ! ѨÖ@¡ˇ ∂i "åà◊§Ö’¡#∂, =∞n<å "åã¨∞Ö’¡#∂ ѨÙ@∞ì‰Ωõ =zÛ# HõÑ@¨ ∞Å#∞
g∞~°∞ Z~°∞QÆ~°∞. "Õ∞=Ú "åix Z~°∞QÆ∞^Œ∞=Ú—— Jx *ÏQÆ~°∂HõѨ~°Kå_»∞). nx =∞~À
ÉèÏ=O Wk ‰õÄ_® HÍ=K«∞Û : JQÀK«~° *Ï˝<åxfl "Õ∞=Ú ˆH=ÅO „Ѩ=HõÎʼnõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞
„Ѩ™êk™êÎ=Ú. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë "åi ÉÏ^躌 `«Å s`åº D *Ï˝<åxfl "åiH˜ „Ѩ™êkOK«@O
J=ã¨~°O. D =Ç‘Ï (^≥·="å}˜) =∞iÜ«Ú JQÀK«~° =º=Ǩ~åÅ P^è•~°OQÍ<Õ "å~°∞
[#∞Å#∞ ^≥·==∂~°æO "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. g\˜ P^è•~°OQÍ<Õ "å~°∞ `«=∞#∞
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞QÍ x~°∂Ñ≤OK«∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. D q+¨Ü«∞"Õ∞ Y∞~üP<£Ö’ =∞~ÀKÀ@ D
q^èOŒ QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çOk – ''~°ÇϨ 㨺 *Ï˝x PÜ«∞# =∂„`«"∞Õ . PÜ«∞# `«# ~°ÇϨ ™êºÅ#∞
`å<≥#∞fl‰õΩ#fl „Ѩ=HõΉõΩ `«Ñ¨Ê Z=iH© `≥Å∞Ѩ_»∞—— (l<£ – 26, 27). nx^•fi~å
É’^èŒÑ¨_Õ^Õq∞@O>Ë „Ѩ=HõÎʼnõΩ "åi #|∞=fi`ü ÉÏ^茺`«Å‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# JQÀK«~°
q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ `≥Å∞Ѩ|_»`å~Ú, JO`ÕQÍx, '=∂ HÍ# – =∂ Ü«∞‰õÄ#∞—,
JO>Ë [iy#=hfl – Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ [~°QÆÉ’ÜÕ∞ q+¨Ü«∂Åhfl "åiH˜ `≥Å∞Ѩ|_»=Ù.
H˘O`«=∞Ok q∞^䕺"å^Œ∞Å∞ D ~°H"õ ∞≥ #ÿ JQÀK«~° *Ï˝#O „Ѩ=HõÅÎ O^ŒiH© LO@∞O^Œx
K≥|∞`å~°∞. =∞iH˘O^ŒÔ~·`Õ 'J~Ú=∞‡Ü≥∞ =∂ã¨∂g∞<£— (Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞úÖˇ·# W=∂=ÚÅ)‰õΩ
320
61 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
181 ''JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ¿Ñ^Œ"å_»∞, "Õ∞=Ú
^èŒx‰õΩÅO——202 Jx J#fl"åi =∂@#∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ q<åfl_»∞. "åi D =∂@#∞
"Õ∞=Ú „"åã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï=Ú. "å~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ #∞
J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ Ç¨Ï`«=∂~°Û\Ïxfl ‰õÄ_®
"Õ∞=Ú #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï=Ú.203
''^ŒÇ≤ÏOKÕ Jyfl tHõ∆#∞ K«qK«∂_»O_ç.
182 ''Wk g∞~°∞ WO`«‰õΩ=Ú#∞ѨÙ
KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl Hõ~°‡Å‰õΩ „ѨuѶ¨ÅO. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«# ^•ã¨∞ʼnõΩ J<åºÜ«∞O KÕ¿ã"å_»∞
HÍ_»∞—— Jx (f~°∞Êk<å#) "Õ∞=Ú "åiH˜
K≥|∞`å=Ú.
‰õÄ_® JQÀK«~° *Ï˝#O LO@∞O^Œx #q∞‡OK«\ÏxH˜ „Ѩܫ∞ufl™êÎ~°∞ (Jk â◊√^Œú
Jq"ÕHõO).
201. JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ „Ѩ™êkOz# ã≤iã¨OѨ^ÖŒ ’¡Oz JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =∂~°Oæ Ö’ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ "≥#∞HÍ_Õ
Ѩ~°=∞Ñ‘<åã≤ QÆ∞iOz WÖÏ K≥ѨÊ|_çOk. "å_»∞ qkèQÍ K≥e¡OK«=Åã≤# [HÍ`ü#∞
‰õÄ_® ~Ú=fi_»∞. „ѨàÜ ◊ ∞« k<å# JÖÏO\˜ Ö’aè Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ^è<Œ åxfl J`«ºO`« ÉèÜ
í ∞« OHõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ
q+¨ÑÓ¨ i`«ã~¨ Ê° OQÍ =∂iÛ J`«x "≥∞_»Ö’ Ǩ~°OQÍ "ÕÜ∞« |_»∞`«∞O^Œx ã¨ÇÏ‘ ÇπÏ |∞MÏs
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ =zÛOk. P ã¨~°ÊO J`«x ^Œ=_»Å#∞ Ѩ@∞ì‰õΩx '<Õ#∞ h ã¨OѨ^Œ#∞,
h=Ù ‰õÄ_»Éˇ\˜ì# Y*Ï<å#∞— Jx JO@∂ LO@∞Ok (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs :
H˜`å|∞`«ÎѶ‘û~ü).
202. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ qâßfiã¨∞Öˇ·# `«# ^•ã¨∞ÅÖ’, `«# =∂~°æOÖ’ ^èŒ<åxfl Y~°∞ÛKÕ¿ã ã¨∂ÊùiÎx
ÃÑOá⁄OkOKÕ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À ''JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ =∞Oz ~°∞}O ~ÚKÕÛ"åÔ~=~°∞?—— Jx
„¿Ñ~ˆ Ñ≤OKå_»∞ (JÖò |Y~° – 245). ^•xÃÑ· ã¨ÊOkã¨∂Î Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, ''F =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£
(ã¨)! Uq∞\©, h „ѨÉèí∞=Ù ^•ã¨∞Å"≥∞ÿ# =∂#∞Oz JѨC J_çˆQO`« ¿Ñ^Œ"å_≥·
áÈÜ«∂_®?—— Jx „ѨtflOKå~°∞. nxH˜ ã¨=∂^è•#OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ D PÜ«∞`«∞#∞
J=`«iOѨ*Ëâß_»∞ (Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
203. JO>Ë "å~°∞ XHõ "≥·Ñ¨Ù WÖÏO\˜ JkèHõ „Ѩã¨OQÍÅ`À JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨@¡ J=∞~åº^ŒHõ~°OQÍ
„Ѩ=iÎOK«@"Õ∞QÍHõ, =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù ("åi ѨÓsfi‰õΩÅ∞) ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÅ#∞ JHÍ~°}OQÍ
=kèOz =∞ǨѨ~å^è•xH˜ X_çQ\Æ Ïì~∞° . "åi J`åºKå~åÅhfl ^≥=· ã¨=∞HõO∆ Ö’ #"≥∂^Œ∞
KÕÜ«∞|_®¤~Ú. "å\˜H˜ „ѨuѶ¨ÅOQÍ "å~°∞ #~°HÍyflH˜ PǨïu KÕÜ«∞|_»`å~°∞.
321
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H``õ„~°«<«<∞ã¨åÅ∂
Å<£
uÖò åÅ∞∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
183 ''Jyfl ux"Õ¿ã@@∞=O\˜ Y∞~åƒhx
=∂ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ `Õ#O`«=~°‰õÄ U „Ѩ=HõÎ#∂
qâ◊fiã≤OK«~å^Œx JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ =∂‰õΩ P*Ï˝ÑO≤
Kå_»∞—— Jx K≥Ñ≤Ê# [#O "å~°∞. F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ! "åi`À WÖÏ J#∞ : ''<å‰õΩ
ѨÓ~°fiO g∞ =^Œ‰Ì Ωõ =zÛ# „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞ W`«~°
J<ÕHõ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞Å`Àáê@∞, g∞~°∞
HÀ~°∞`«∞#fl D =∞Ç≤Ï=∞#∞ ‰õÄ_® fã¨∞‰õΩ
=KåÛ~°∞. =∞i g∞~°∞ ã¨`º« =O`«∞ÖË J~Ú`Õ
"åix ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ K«Oáê~°∞?——204
184 (WO`«QÍ É’^èÑŒ ~¨ z° #ѨÊ\˜H)© "å~°∞
x#∞fl kèHõ¯i¿ãÎ, h‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO ‰õÄ_®
ã¨Ê+¨=ì ∞~Ú# x^Œ~≈° <åÅ#∞, ã¨ÇÏ‘ á¶êÅ#∞,
*’u~°‡Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ# „QÆO^ä•xfl fã¨∞‰õΩ=zÛ#
„Ѩ=HõÎÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® W@∞=O\˜ kèHͯ~åxH˜
QÆ∞~°Ü∂« º~°∞.205
204. Ü«¸^Œ∞Å =∞~À kèHõ¯~°} WHõ¯_» YO_çOK«|_çOk. PHÍâ◊O #∞O_ç Jyfl =zÛ
Y∞~åƒh =ã¨∞=Î Ù#∞, ^•#^è~Œ å‡Å#∞ ux"Õ¿ã =∞Ç≤Ï=∞#∞ K«∂¿Ñ^•HÍ g∞~°∞ U „Ѩ=Hõ#Î ∂
#=∞‡=^Œ∞Ì Jx ^Õ=Ù_»∞ `«=∞‰õΩ `åH©^∞Œ KÕã≤ L<åfl_»x Ü«¸^Œ∞Å<Õ"å~°∞. D =∂@Å
^•fi~å "å~°∞ K≥ѨÊ^ŒÅzO^Õq∞\© JO>Ë, ''F =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨Jã¨O)! g∞~°∞
WѨÊ\˜=~°‰õÄ J@∞=O\˜ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞#∞ =∂‰õΩ K«∂Ѩ<Õ ÖË^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ì ^≥·"å^Õâ◊O
„ѨHÍ~°O g∞ ^≥·=^Ò`åºxfl ã‘fiHõiOK«=Åã≤# ÉÏ^茺`« =∂ÃÑ· ÖË^Œ∞.——
=∞i "åã¨"Î åxH˜ JO`«‰Ωõ =Ú#∞Ѩ٠=zÛ# „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ∞ WÖÏO\˜ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞efl K«∂Ñ≤<å–
PHÍâ◊O #∞Oz Jyfl =zÛ |e ^•<åxfl u<Õã<≤ å – "å~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÅÎ #∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ .
PHÍâ◊O #∞Oz Jyfl =zÛ |e^•<åxfl u<Õ¿ãÎ ^≥·=ã¨=∞Hõ∆OÖ’ `«=∞ ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞
P"≥∂kOK«|_ç#@∞¡ ÖˇHõ¯. W@∞=O\˜ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞#∞ K«∂Ñ≤# „Ѩ=HõÎ ã¨`«º=O`«∞_»x
‰õÄ_® "å~°∞ qâ◊fiã≤OKåe. HÍx Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ JÖÏO\˜ =∞Ç≤Ï=∞efl K«∂Ñ≤# „Ѩ=HõÎefl
#=∞‡ÖË^Œ∞ ã¨iHõ^•, "åix kèHõ¯iOKå~°∞. g∞~°∞ HÀi# =∞Ç≤Ï=∞efl g∞‰õΩ K«∂Ñ≤#
„Ѩ=HõÎefl =∞i g∞~°∞ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ kèHõ¯iOKå~°∞? g∞ =∂@Ö’¡ U=∂„`«O x*Ï~Úf
L<åfl g∞~°∞ P „Ѩ=HõeÎ fl P^ŒiOKåeûOk! J<åºÜ«∞OQÍ "åix ǨÏ`«=∂~°Û=Åã≤Ok
HÍ^Œ∞ Jx JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ÃãÅqKåÛ_»∞.
322
62 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
185 „Ѩu „áê}© =∞$`«∞º=Ù ~°∞z K«∂_»
=Åã≤O^Õ. „ѨàÜ ◊ ∞« k<å# g∞~°∞ JO^Œ~∂°
g∞ Hõ~°‡Å ѨÓiΠѶ¨e`åxfl á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞.
JѨC_»∞ Z=_»∞ #~°HÍyfl #∞Oz HÍáê_»
|_ç, ã¨fi~°Oæ Ö’ „Ѩ"âÕ O◊ HõeÊOK«|_»`å_À
J`«_∞» xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ ã¨Ñb¨¶ Hõ$`«∞_»Ü∂« º_»∞.
„áêѨOzHõ rq`«"∞≥ `ÿ Õ XHõ =∂Ü«∂=ã¨∞=Î Ù
`«Ñ¨Ê =∞ˆ~g∞ HÍ^Œ∞.206
186 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ g∞ ^è#Œ „áê}ÏÅ ^•fi~å
g∞~°∞ ѨsH˜∆OK«|_»`å~°∞.207 JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞,
g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO „QÆO^äŒO "˘ã¨QÆ|_ç# "åi
`«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞O_ô, =Ú„+≤‰Ωõ ¯Å `«~Ñ° Ù¨¶ #∞O_ô
205. D "åHõºOÖ’ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)#∞ F^•~°Û@O [iyOk. "å~°∞ (Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞)
q∞=∞‡efl kèHõ¯iOz#O^Œ∞‰õΩ ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»HõO_ç. "å~°∞ "Õ¿ã K˘Ñ¨Ê^ŒO@∞ „Ѩâ◊flÅ∞,
xˆ~›`«∞Hõ=∞~Ú# "å^Œ#Å∞ q∞=∞‡efl =∞#™êÎáêxH˜ QÆ∞iK≥Ü«∞º~å^Œ∞. WÖÏO\˜
^Œ∞~°fiº=Ǩ~°O g∞ Ѩ@¡<ÕHÍ^Œ∞, g∞‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO QÆuOz# J<ÕHõ=∞Ok „Ѩ=HõΊѨ@¡
‰õÄ_® WÖψQ [iyOk Jx LѨ^ÕtOK«|_çOk.
206. XHõ>Ë=∞O>ˆ =∞~°}O U^À XHõ<å_»∞ `«^䌺O J#flk u~°∞QÆ∞ÖËx ã¨`«ºO. Ô~O_À
q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>ˆ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ Z=~°∞ =∞Oz KÕã≤<å K≥_»∞ KÕã≤<å ^•x ѨÓiÎ
„ѨuѶ¨ÅO "åiH˜ W=fi|_»∞`«∞Ok. =¸_»=^Õ=∞O>ˆ D „ѨѨOK« rq`«OÖ’ `«=∞
„ѨÉèí∞=Ù JcèëêìxHõ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ =∞ã¨Å∞‰õΩx, ^•xH˜ |Ǩï=∂#OQÍ #~°HÍyfl
ÉÏi#∞Oz ~°H˜∆OK«|_ç ã¨fi~°æã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ á⁄Ok#"å_»∞ ã≤ã¨Öˇ·# q*Ë`«. <åÖ’æk : D
„ѨѨOK«O F =∂Ü«∂*ÏÅO. D =∂Ü«∞Ö’ z‰õΩ¯‰õΩáȉõΩO_® J`«ºO`« ÖÏѶ¨∞=OQÍ
`«##∞ HÍáê_»∞‰õΩ#fl"å_»∞ ^èŒ#∞º_»∞. WHõ¯_ç =∂Ü≥∂áêÜ«∂ÅÖ’, "≥∂ã¨Ñ¨Ói`«
=ÅÜ«∞OÖ’ ^•~°∞}OQÍ z‰õΩ¯‰õΩ#fl"å_»∞ qѶ¨Å∞_»Ü«∂º_»∞.
207. qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ `«=∞ qâßfi™êxH˜ `«Q@ æÆ ∞ìQÍ Ñ¨sH˜O∆ K«|_»`å~°x K≥Ñʨ |_çOk. JÖò |Y~°
ã¨∂~åÖ’x 155= =K«#OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® Wk q=iOK«|_çOk. D PÜ«∞`«∞
"åºMϺ#OÖ’ XHõ ã¨OѶ¨∞@# ‰õÄ_® „Ѩ™êÎqOK«|_çOk. ^•x „ѨHÍ~°O =OK«‰õΩÅ
<åÜ«∞‰õΩ_≥·# J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· JѨÊ\˜H˜OHÍ =Úã≤¡O#x „ѨHõ\˜OK«ÖË^Œ∞. JѨÊ\˜H˜
|„^£ Ü«Ú^ŒúO ‰õÄ_® ~ÚOHÍ [~°QÆÖË^Œ∞. Ǩτ[`ü ™ê^£ a<£ LÉÏ^Œ (~°l)#∞
323
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
g∞~°∞ ÉÏ^è•Hõ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ =∂@Öˇ<Àfl q#=Åã≤
=ã¨∞OÎ k. WÖÏO\˜ Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Ö’¡ g∞~°∞
QÆ#Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ï#O áê\˜ã¨∂Î, ÉèíÜ«∞Éèí‰õΩÎÅ`À
=∞ã¨Å∞‰õΩO>Ë W^≥O`À ™êǨϙȿÑ`«"≥∞ÿ#
Ѩ<.Õ 208
Ѩ~å=∞i≈OKÕ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) Ǩiãπ a<£ Y„[*ò `≥QÆ"åi "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ
|Ü«∞Å∞^Õ~å~°∞. ^•iÖ’ H˘O`«=∞Ok ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx L<åfl~°∞. "åiÖ’ =Ú„+≤‰õΩ¯Å∞,
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· ‰õÄ_® L<åfl~°∞. PÜ«∞# (ã¨) "åǨÏ#O ^•fi~å
Zyi# ^è∂Œ oH˜ J`«_∞» z~å‰õΩѨ_®¤_∞» . ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) JHõ¯_Õ xÅ|_ç P ã¨=¸Ç¨xH˜
W™ê¡O ã¨O^ÕâO◊ W=fi™êQÍ~°∞. nxÃÑ· J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· f„=OQÍ ã¨ÊOkOK«@"Õ∞HÍHõ,
Jã¨ÉèíºHõ~°"≥∞ÿ# =∂@Å<åfl_»∞. J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ JHõ¯_»∞#fl H˘O`«=∞Ok =Úã≤¡OÅ∞
PÜ«∞xfl (ã¨) „Ѩâ◊Oã≤OK«™êQÍ~°∞. Ô~O_»∞ =~åæÅ=∞^茺 =∂\Ï =∂\Ï ÃÑiyOk.
XO_˘HõiÃÑ· Hõ`«∞ÎÅ∞ ^Œ∂ã¨∞HÀ=\ÏxH˜ ã≤^Œú=∞=Ù`«∞O_»QÍ PÜ«∞# (ã¨) JO^Œih
âßO`«Ñ¨~åÛ~°∞. JHõ¯_ç #∞Oz ™ê^£ (~°l) =^ŒÌ‰õΩ "≥o§ [iy# ^•xfl QÆ∞iOz
K≥áêÊ~°∞. ^•xH˜ ™ê^£ (~°l) ÉÏ^èÑŒ _¨ @» "Õ∞ QÍHõ J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ÇÏπ a<£ Lɡַ ’x Jã¨ÇϨ <åxH˜,
"≥·~°ÉèÏ"åxH˜ Jã¨Å∞ HÍ~°}"Õ∞q∞\’ K≥áêÊ~°∞. PÜ«∞# (~°l) Hõ^äŒ#O „ѨHÍ~°O,
=∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) =∞Hͯ #∞O_ç =∞n<å‰õΩ „Ѩ™ê÷#O KÕÜ«∞Hõ=ÚO^Œ∞, =∞n<å
áœ~°∞Å∞ J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ·H˜ H˜s@O `˘_çyOz, J`«xfl `«=∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩxQÍ
Z#∞flHÀ"åÅ#∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. HÍx ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ~å=@O`À J`«#∞ Hõ#fl JO^Œ"≥∞ÿ#
HõÅ K≥kiáÈ~ÚOk. P q+¨Ü«∂xfl `«ÅK«∞‰õΩx J`«_»∞ ~°∞㨠~°∞ã¨ÖÏ_Õ"å_»∞. J^Õ
^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ѩ@¡ J`«xÖ’ QÆÅ JHõ¯ã¨∞‰õΩ, D~°¬º‰õΩ Jã¨Å∞ HÍ~°}O. HÍ|\˜ì (F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ!) `«=∞~°∞ J`«x Jã¨Ç¨Ï<åxfl JO`«QÍ Ñ¨\˜ìOK«∞HÀHõO_ç Jx ™ê^£ a<£
LÉÏ^• (~°l) Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_®¤~°∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs : H˜`å|∞`«ÎѶ‘û~ü ™ê~åOâ◊O).
208. =Úã≤¡OÅ =∞#ã¨∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOKÕ "åiÖ’ „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ∞ =ÚY∞ºÅ∞. „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅO>Ë
Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞, „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÅ#fl=∂@! J~°|∞ƒ |Ǩï^≥·"å~å^茉õΩÅ∂ JO`Õ. ^•O`Àáê@∞
=∞n<å‰õΩ =zÛ# `«~∞° "å`« HõÑ@ ¨ ∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® `«=∞ HõÑ@ ¨ KÕ+Åì¨ `À f„= =∞#™êÎáêxH˜
QÆ∞i KÕâß~°∞. =ÚYºOQÍ HõѨ\Ï„ˆQã¨~°∞_≥·# J|∞ÌÖÏ¡ a<£ Lɡ· =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)
"åix J_»∞QÆ_»∞QÆ∞<å H˜OK«Ñ¨~°KÕq^èŒOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ"å_»∞. WO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞
K≥ÑC¨ ‰õΩ#fl@∞¡ =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ~åHõ`À J`«x Ѩ^qŒ KÕ*ÏiáÈ~ÚOk. „ѨfH͈~K«Û`ù À
֒֒ѨÖË ~°yeáÈ`«∂ LO_Õ"å_»∞. WÖÏO\˜ Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Ö’¡ =Úã≤¡OÅ∞ Ô~zÛáÈ~Ú,
"å`å=~°}Ïxfl =∞iO`« L„kHõÎOQÍ `«Ü«∂~°∞ KÕ¿ã|^Œ∞Å∞ x„QÆǨÏO`À, ã¨=∞Ü«∞
ã¨∂Êùi`Î À =º=ǨÏiOKåÅh, Z^Œ∞\˜ "åiѨ@¡ gÅ~Ú#O`« =~°‰Ωõ =∞xflOѨÙÅ "≥Y· ix
324
63 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
187 (*Ï˝ Ñ ¨ H õ O K≥ ~ Úº,) JÖÏ¡ Ç π Ï
„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅ #∞Oz, ''g∞~°∞ „QÆO^äŒ
*Ï˝<åxfl „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_®
q=iOKåe. ^•xx ^•K«‰õÄ_»^Œ∞—— Jx
"åQÍÌ#O fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞. J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H©
"å~°∞ D "åQÍÌ<åxfl `«=∞ gѨ٠"≥#∞Hõ
Ѩ_»"ÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞QÍHõ Ju `«‰õΩ¯= =¸ÖϺ
xH˜ ^•xfl Jq∞‡"Õâß~°∞. "å~°∞ KÕã≤# D
=~°HÎ Oõ |ǨïK≥_k¤» .209
188 `å=Ú KÕã#≤ Ѩ#∞ÅÃÑ· ã¨O|~°Ñ_¨ Õ
"å~°∞, `å=Ú KÕÜ«∞x ѨxH˜ ‰õÄ_®
`«=∞‰õΩ *Ë*ËÅ∞ ÅaèOKåÅx `«Ç¨Ï`«Ç¨Ï
ÖÏ_Õ"å~°∞ tHõ∆#∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_®Î~°x
#∞=Ùfi J#∞HÀ‰õΩ. "åi H˘~°ÔH·`Õ =º^è•
Éèií `«"∞≥ #ÿ tHõ∆ LOk.210
J=ÅOaOKåÅx `åH©^∞Œ KÕÜ∞« |_çOk. D Ѩi}Ï=∞O ^•fi~å É’^èÑŒ _¨ Õ XHõ =ÚYº
q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞@O>Ë ã¨<å‡~°æO "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ „Ѩ[Å#∞ Ñ≤eKÕ"åiH˜ HõëêìÅ∞ ~å=@O,
=∞#ã¨∞ <˘Ñ≤ÊOKÕ ã¨OѶ¨∞@#Å∞ Z^Œ∞~°=@O ZO`À ã¨Ç¨Ï[O, Jx"å~°ºO ‰õÄ_®.
nxH˜ q~°∞QÆ∞_»∞ XHõ¯>Ë – F~°∞Ê`À =º=ǨÏiã¨∂Î ^≥·=ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl Ji÷OK«@O
(Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
209. Wk „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïʼnõΩ KÕÜ«∞|_ç# ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõ. „QÆO^äŒO (`Ò~å`ü, ɡ·aÅ∞)Ö’ L#fl
q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞, JOu=∞ ^≥=· „Ѩ=HõÎ QÆ∞iOz W=fi|_ç# ã¨∂K«#Å#∞ ZÖÏO\˜ ^•Ñ¨iHõO
ÖˉõΩO_® „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ q=iOKåÅx ^Õ=Ù_»∞ "åi#∞Oz „Ѩ=∂}O fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl_»∞.
HÍx ã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞ÿ# „áêѨOzHõ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O "å~°∞ ^≥·"åxH˜zÛ# =∂@#∞ gѨÙ
"≥#∞Hõ Ѩ_»"Õâß~°∞. D PÜ«∞`«∞ ^•fi~å qk`«=∞ÜÕ∞º =∞~À =ÚMϺOâ◊O Uq∞@O>Ë
ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞, "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ#|_Õ"å~°∞ `«=∞ =^ŒÌ QÆÅ „ѨÜ≥∂[#Hõ~°=∞~Ú# q^•º
q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ ^•K«‰õΩO_® Ö’HÍxH˜ Kå\˜K≥áêÊe. `«^•fi~å „Ñ¨[Å JO^èŒqâßfi™êÅ∞
ã¨O㨯iOK«|_ç, "å~°∞ ~°∞A=∂~åæ# ѨÜ∞« xOKÕ J=HÍâ◊=ÚOk. ™êfi~°„÷ ѨÜ∂≥ [<åÅ
HÀã¨O, Ѩ^=Œ ÙÅ HÀã¨O q^Œº#∞, âß„™êÎÅ#∞ HõÑÊ≤ ѨÙK«Û@O =∞ǨѨ~å^èOŒ . „ѨàÜ
◊ ∞« k<å#
J@∞=O\˜ "åiH˜ Jyfl Hõà‹§O "ÕÜ«∞|_»∞`«∞Ok (ǨÏnã¨∞).
210. `å=Ú KÕã≤# Ѷ¨∞#HÍ~åºÅ QÆ∞iOz =∂„`«"Õ∞ Q͉õΩO_® KÕÜ«∞x "å\˜ QÆ∞iOz
325
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
189 Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ ™ê~°fiÉè∫=∞`«fiO
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ^Õ. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩu =ã¨∞Î=ÙÃÑ·
JkèHÍ~°O QÆÅ"å_»∞.
190 xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ
ã¨$+≤ìÖ’, ˆ~~ÚO|=à◊¡ ~åHõáÈHõÅÖ’
qA˝Å‰õΩ Z<Àfl ã¨∂K«#Å∞<åfl~Ú.211
„Ѩ[Å∞ `«=∞#∞ á⁄QÆ_®Åh Lqfià◊¥§ˆ~"å~°∞ D "åHõºOÖ’ QÆ\ ˜ìQÍ =∞O^ŒeOK«
|_®¤~°∞. ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ HÍÅOÖ’ H˘O`«=∞OkÖ’ D '„Ѩ^Œ~°≈<å *Ï_»ºO— LO_»@O =Å¡
"åix ã¨O㨯iOKÕ L^ÕÌâ◊ºO`À D "åHõºO J=`«iOzOk. WÖÏO\˜ "å~°∞ <Õ_»∞
Ö’HõOÖ’ =∞s Z‰õΩ¯"≥· áÈÜ«∂~°∞. „Ѩ*Ï ¿ã=HÀã¨O "åiH˜ Ѩ^Œq HÍ"åe. Ѩ^Œq
ÖËx^Õ, Ѩ„uHõÖ’¡ `«=∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ Ѩ_»x^Õ "å~°∞ „Ѩ*Ï ¿ã= KÕÜ«∞~°∞. ã¨<å‡<åÅ∞ KÕã≤
ѨÓÅ^ŒO_»Å∞ "ÕÜ∞« x^Õ "å~°∞ ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞ HÍ~åºÅ HÀã¨O K«O^•Å∞ W=fi~°∞. D PÜ«∞`«∞
^•fi~å É’^èÑŒ _¨ Õ =∞~À q+¨Ü∞« O Uq∞@O>Ë Ü«¸^Œ∞Å∞ ^≥=· „QÆO^äOŒ Ö’ ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«Q∞Æ Åæ ∞
KÕ¿ã"å~°∞. `«=∞ L^ÕÌâßÅHõ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ =∂~°∞Û‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞. WO`«KÕã≤ ‰õÄ_® "å~°∞
`«=∞ Hõ$`åºÅÃÑ· ã≤Q∞Æ Ñæ _¨ |Õ ^Œ∞Å∞ ã¨O|~°Ñ_¨ "Õ å~°∞. <Õ\ ˜ q∞^䕺"å^Œ∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® JO`Õ.
"å~°∞ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ JѨ=∂~°æO Ѩ\ ˜ìOKÕ „ѨHõ@#Å∞ KÕã¨∂Î, ^≥·= =K«<åʼnõΩ =„HõÉèÏ+¨ºO
K≥Ñ≤Ê „Ѩ[Å#∞ JÜ≥∂=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Ѩ_»"Õã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ `å=Ú KÕã≤Ok KåÖÏ
Q˘Ñ¨ÊѨx J#∞‰õΩx T~°@ K≥O^Œ∞`«∂ LO\Ï~°∞. `«=∞ =~°æO =∂„`«"Õ∞ ã¨`«º=~°æ=∞h
ã¨QÆ~°fiOQÍ Kå\˜K≥|∞`«∂ LO\Ï~°∞ – `«™ê‡`ü *Ï„QÆ`«Î!
211. JO>Ë Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ x~å‡}OÃÑ·, xdÅ [QÆuÖ’x x`«º#∂`«# x^Œ~°≈<åÅÃÑ·
zO`«# KÕ¿ã"åiH˜ ã¨$+≤ìHõ~°Î QÆ∞iOz, PÜ«∞# QÆ∞}QÆ}ÏÅ QÆ∞iOz ‰õ∆Ω}‚OQÍ
É’^èŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞Ok. ã¨∞qâßÅ"≥∞ÿ# D qâ◊fi=∞O_»ÅO ZÖÏO\˜ P@OHõ=¸, ֒Ѩ=¸
ÖˉõΩO_® ZO`À ã¨*Ï=ÙQÍ ™êyáÈ=@O "åix J|∞ƒ~°Ñ¨~°∞ã¨∞ÎOk. nx"≥#∞Hõ F
„Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ~°K«~Ú`« L<åfl_»h, PÜ«∞# J#∞[˝„ѨHÍ~°"Õ∞ W^ŒO`å [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀO^Œx,
P =∞Ǩâ◊H˜Î=O`«∞_»∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜÕ∞#x "åiH˜ J=QÆ`«=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. D q^èŒOQÍ
Ü≥∂zOK«@O |∞núq"ÕHÍÅ∞#fl"åiˆH ™ê^茺=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. *Ï˝<À^ŒÜ«∞O J~Ú#
`«~°∞"å`« "å~°∞ HÍňH∆ѨO KÕã¨∂Î ‰õÄ~ÀÛ~°∞. "å~°∞ ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx L<åfl, xÅ|_ç L<åfl,
Ѩ_»HõÃÑ· "Õ∞#∞ "åeÛ<å P ã¨~Àfi#fl`« „ѨÉèí∞=Ù <å=∂xfl 㨇iã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞. PÜ«∞#
Ѩq„`«`«#∞ H˘xÜ«∂_»∞`«∂ LO\Ï~°∞. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ `«=∞ „â◊^•úÉèí‰õΩÎÅ x"åo Ѷ¨∞\˜ã¨∂Î
LO\Ï~°∞.
ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ =zÛOk. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) "å~°∞ 'W#fl Ѷ‘ YÖòdã¨û=∂"åu— J<Õ
326
64 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
191 "å~°∞ xÅ∞Ûx, ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx, `«=∞
Ѩ_»HõÅÃÑ· XuÎye JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ 㨇iã¨∂Î
LO\Ï~°∞. Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ ã¨$+≤ì QÆ∞iOz
Ü≥∂K«# KÕã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞. "åiÖÏ
JO\Ï~°∞ : ''=∂ „ѨÉ∂íè ! #∞=Ùfi D ã¨$+≤xì
x~°~H÷° Oõ QÍ KÕÜ∞« ÖË^∞Œ . #∞=Ùfi Ѩq„`«∞_»=Ù.
=∞=∞‡efl #~°HÍyfl tHõ∆ #∞Oz HÍáê_»∞.212
PÜ«∞`«∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞‰õΩx D ã¨∂~å PYi=~°‰õÄ ~å„u `«Ç¨ÏA˚^£ #=∂*ò H˘~°‰õΩ
ÖËz#ѨÙ_»∞ ѨiîOKÕ"å~°∞. P `«~°∞"å`« =ÙE KÕ¿ã"å~°∞ (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs –
H˜`å|∞`«ÎѶ‘û~ü, ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O† H˜`å|∞ ã¨ÖÏuÖò =Ú™êѶ≤s<£....)
212. D Ѩk PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’¡x "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ PÜ«∞`«∞Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«# â◊H˜ÎÜ«Ú‰õΩÎÅ#∞, Jx`«~°
™ê^躌 "≥∞#ÿ `«# „Ѩ*#˝ ∞ qâ◊^ÑŒ ~¨ z° |∞núq"ÕHÍÅ∞ QÆÅ"å~°∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ D x^Œ~≈° <åÅ#∞
„QÆÇ≤Ï™êÎ~°x J<åfl_»∞. Wxfl x^Œ~°≈<åÅ∞ Hõà◊§ =ÚO^Œ~° L#flѨÊ\˜H© "å\˜x QÆ∞iOz
Ѩ\ ˜ìOK«∞HÀx"åiH˜, WOHÍ ^Õ=Ùx LxH˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# *Ï˝<À^ŒÜ«∞O HÍÖË^Œx
J#∞HÀ"åe. HÍx qz„`«O Uq∞@O>Ë Ö’HõOÖ’ `«=∞ x[ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù QÆ∞iOz
f„==∞~Ú# ã¨Oâ◊Ü«∂xH˜, ã¨OkQÍúxH˜ Ö’<≥· ã¨"åÅHõ∆ „Ѩâ◊flÅ∞ "Õ¿ã"åˆ~ D<å_»∞
=∞Ǩ*Ï˝#∞Å∞QÍ, "Õ∞^è• ã¨OѨ#∞flÅ∞QÍ K≥ÖÏ=∞}© J=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. Ѷ¨ ~Ú<åfl eÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï
= ~Ú<åfl WÖˇ·Ç≤Ï ~ål=Ó<£!† `«~°∞"åu =K«#OÖ’ ^≥·=<å=∞ 㨇~°} KÕ¿ã"åi, ^≥·=
x^Œ~°≈<åÅÃÑ· Ü≥∂K«#KÕ¿ã"åi „Ѩ™êÎ=# =zÛOk. ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ ‰õÄ_® nx QÆ∞iOz
q=iOK«|_çOk. =∞ǨÏhÜ«∞ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞ (ã¨) "å~°∞ WÖÏ LѨ^tÕ OKå~°∞: ''xÅ|_ç
#=∂A KÕÜ«∞O_ç, XHõ"Õà◊ xÅ|_ç #=∂A KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõáÈ`Õ ‰õÄ~˘Ûx #=∂A
KÕÜ«∞O_ç. ‰õÄ~°∞Ûx ‰õÄ_® #=∂A KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõáÈ`Õ Ñ¨~°∞O_ç – XHõ „ѨHõ¯‰õΩ XuÎye
– #=∂A KÕÜ«∞O_ç—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ |∞MÏs † H˜`å|∞ã¨ûÖÏ`ü).
WÖÏO\˜ ã¨[˚#∞Å∞ ZÅ¡"Õà◊ÖÏ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ 㨇iã¨∂Î LO\Ï~°∞. Éèí∂=∂ºHÍâßÅ ã¨$+≤ì
„Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞Ö’x Ѩ~°=∂~°úOÃÑ· Ü≥∂K«# KÕ™êÎ~°∞. `«^•fi~å "åiH˜ ã¨$+≤ìHõ~°Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩ*Ï˝
áê@"åÅ∞, B#fl`«ºO, JkèHÍ~°O, HÍ~°∞}ºO – W`åºk q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ `≥eã≤=™êÎ~Ú.
D qâ◊fi=º=ã¨÷ L`«∞ÎuÎQÍ<Õ LxH˜Ö’H˜ ~åÖË^Œh, ^•ã¨∞ŠѨsH∆Í~°÷"Õ∞ W^ŒO`å
[iyO^Œ#fl ã¨OQÆu "åiH˜ ã¨∞É’^èŒHõO J=Ù`«∞Ok. D ѨsHõ∆Ö’ LfÎ~°∞‚Öˇ·# "å~°∞
ã¨fi~°æã¨∞MÏʼnõΩ J~°∞›Å=Ù`å~°h, LfÎ~°∞‚Å∞ HÍx"åiH˜ #~°Hõ"Õ∞ QÆu Jx ‰õÄ_®
327
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
192 ''F =∂ áÈ+¨‰õΩ_®! #∞"≥fi=i<≥·`Õ
#~°HÍyflÖ’ Ѩ_»"Õ™êÎ"À, "å}˜‚ #∞=Ùfi
Ѩ~åÉèí"åxH˜, J==∂<åxH˜ QÆ∞i
KÕã≤#>Ë¡. Ü«∞^•~å÷xH˜ ^Œ∞~å‡~°∞æʼnõΩ
`À_»Ê_Õ"åÔ~=~°∂ LO_»~∞° .
193 ''=∂ „ѨÉèí∂! Ñ≤eKÕ"å_˘Hõ_»∞
qâßfiã¨O (D=∂<£) "≥·Ñ¨Ù‰õΩ Ñ≤Å=@O,
'„Ѩ[ÖÏ~å! g∞ „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«O_ç—
Jx Ñ≤Å∞Ѩ٠x=fi@O "Õ∞=Ú q<åfl=Ú.
JO`Õ! "Õ∞=Ú qâ◊fiã≤OKå=Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ F
„ѨÉèí∂! =∂ áêáêÅ#∞ Hõ∆q∞OK«∞. =∂
K≥_∞» QÆ∞Å#∞ =∂ #∞Oz ^Œ∂~°O K≥~Úº.
㨠[ ˚ # ∞Å`Àáê@∞ =∂‰õ Ω =∞~° } O
"˘ã¨Q∞Æ .
194 ''=∂ „ѨÉ∂íè ! h „Ѩ=HõÅÎ ^•fi~å h=Ù
=∂‰õΩ KÕã#≤ "åQÍÌ#O „ѨHÍ~°O =∞=∞‡efl
J#∞„QÆÇÏ≤ OK«∞. „ѨàÜ ◊ ∞« k<å# =∞=∞‡efl
J==∂#Ѩ~°K«‰õΩ. Z\˜ì Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’#∂
h=Ù "åQÍÌ<åxH˜ q~°∞^ŒOú QÍ =º=ǨÏiOKÕ
"å_»=Ù HÍ=Ù.——
195 "åi „ѨÉèí∞=Ù "åi "≥Ú~°#∞
PÅH˜Oz P"≥∂kOKå_»∞213 : ''g∞Ö’
ѨxKÕ¿ã"åi Ѩxx – "å~°∞ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÖˇ<· å
"åiH˜ É’^èÑŒ _¨ ∞» `«∞Ok. JO^Œ∞Hˆ "å~°∞ `«=∞#∞ #~°HÍyfl #∞Oz HÍáê_»=∞x n#OQÍ
"Õ_»∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. P `«~°∞"åu =¸_»∞ PÜ«∞`«∞ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® =∞xflOѨÙÔH·, Ѩ~åÉèí=
ã≤÷u ~å‰õΩO_® LO_ÕO^Œ∞ÔH· „ѨÉèí∞=Ù#∞ „áêi÷OK«@O [iyOk.
213. J~°cÖ’ 'Ѷ¨ã¨Î*Ï|— Jx LOk. JO>Ë "åi "Õ_»∞HÀÅ∞#∞ P"≥∂kOKå_»∞ Jx
WHõ¯_» ^•x ÉèÏ=O (Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò Yn~ü).
328
65 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final

㨈~, „ã‘ÎÅ~Ú<å㨈~ – <Õ#∞ =$^è•

KÕÜ∞« #∞.214 g∞~°∞ Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O XˆH HÀ=‰õΩ
K≥Ok#"å~°∞.215 HÍ|\˜ì `«=∞ ã¨fiã¨÷ÅO
=^Œe =Å㨠"≥o§#"å~°∞ (Ç≤Ï„[`ü KÕã≤#
"å~°∞), `«=∞ Wà◊§#∞Oz "≥à◊¡Q˘@ì|_ç#
"å~°∞, <å =∂~°Oæ Ö’ "ÕkOè ѨÙʼnõΩ QÆ∞~Ô #·
"å~°∞, <å =∂~°Oæ Ö’ áÈ~å_ç K«OѨ|_ç#
"å~°∞ – J@∞=O\˜ "åi K≥_∞» QÆ∞Å#∞
"åi #∞Oz ^Œ ∂ ~° O KÕ ™ êÎ # ∞. „H˜ O ^Œ
HÍÅ∞=Å∞ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ (ã¨fi~°æ) =<åÅÖ’
"åix „Ѩ"ÕtOѨ*Ë™êÎ#∞. Wn JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
`«~°Ñ¶¨Ù# "åiH˜ ÅaèOKÕ Ñ¨Ù}ºÑ¶¨ÅO.
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ<Õ J`«∞º`«Î=∞=∞~Ú# ѨÙ}º
Ѷ¨ÅO LOk—— Jx ÃãÅqKåÛ_»∞.
214. 'ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÖˇ<· å, „ã‘ÖÎ <·ˇ å— Jx <˘H˜¯ K≥Ñʨ @OÖ’x =ÚYº L^ÕâÌ O◊ Uq∞@O>Ë Ñ¨Ù}ºÑ¶Å¨ O
„áêÑ≤ÎOKÕ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ZÖÏO\˜ qK«Hõ∆}‰õΩ, ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«QÆ∞æʼnõΩ P™ê¯~°O ÖË^Œ∞. H˘xfl
H˘xfl q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’ W™ê¡O „ã‘ΠѨÙ~°∞+¨µÅ HÍ~°ºÑ¨i^è∞Œ Å#∞ "Õ~∞° Ѩ~K° @« O =Å¡ |Ǩïâß
ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨ÅOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® `Õ_® LO@∞O^Õ"≥∂##fl ã¨O^ÕǨÏO Z=iHõ~Ú<å HõÅQÆ=K«∞Û.
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ : ‰õΩ@∞O| Ü«∂[=∂#ºO, ã¨Oáê^Œ<å ÉÏ^茺`«, ^èŒ~°‡Ü«Ú^ŒúOÖ’
áêÖÁæ#@O, "å~°ã`¨ fi« OÖ’ ã¨QOÆ "å\Ï „ã‘ÅÎ ‰õΩ W=fi@O – W`åºk q+¨Ü∂« Å#∞|\˜ì
ã¨`å¯~åºÅ ѨÙ}ºÑ¶Å¨ OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«Q∞Æ Åæ ∞O\ÏÜÕ∞"≥∂#x J#∞=∂#O ~å=K«∞Û.
HÍx ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«QÆ∞æÖËg∞ LO_»=Ù. XHõ =∞Oz ѨxKÕã≤#O^Œ∞‰õΩ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µÅ‰õΩ ÅaèOKÕ
ѨÙ}ºÑ¶¨Å"Õ∞ „ã‘ÎʼnõÄ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk.
215. D "åHõºO "≥#∞Hõ\ ˜ "åHõºO`À =Ú_çѨ_ç#k. q^èÕÜ«∞`«Ö’#∂, ѨÙ}º Ѷ¨Å„áêÑ≤Î
q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’#∂ „ã‘ΠѨÙ~°∞+¨µÅO`å XˆH `«~°Ç¨‰õΩ K≥Ok#"å~°∞. H˘xfl LÖË¡Y<åÅ
„ѨHÍ~°O XHõ™êi Ǩτ[`ü L"≥∞‡ ã¨Å=∂ (~°.J<£Ç¨) ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ #∞^ÕÌtOz, 'F
^≥·=„Ѩ=HÍÎ (ã¨Jã¨O)! Ç≤Ï„[`ü ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ „ã‘ÎÅ „Ѩ™êÎ=# ~åÖË^Õg∞?— Jx
„ѨtflOK«QÍ D PÜ«∞`«∞ J=`«iOzOk (`«Ñ¶‘ûÔ~ `«„c, Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü, Ѷ¨`üǨïÖò
Yn~ü).
329
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
196 (F „Ѩ=HÍÎ!) #QÆ~åÅÖ’ ^≥·=
u~°™ê¯~°∞Å ¿ãfiKåÛù ã¨OKå~°O x#∞fl
"≥∂ã¨ÑÙ¨ K«Û ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ .216
197 Wk KåÖÏ ã¨fiÅÊ „ѨÜ≥∂[#O
=∂„`«"Õ∞.217 P `«~°∞"å`« #~°Hõ"Õ∞ "åi
x"å㨠ã¨÷ÅO J=Ù`«∞Ok. J^≥O`À
J^è•fi#fl"≥∞#ÿ ã¨Å÷ O.
216. D =∂@ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) #∞^ÕÌtOz K≥ѨÊ|_ç#ѨÊ\˜H© Wk ã¨=∞ã¨Î =Úã≤¡O
ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ =iÎã∞¨ OÎ k. Ѩ\Ïì}ÏÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«@O JO>Ë =~°HÎ Oõ HÀã¨"∂≥ , W`«~„° `å
=º=Ǩ~åÅ HÀã¨"≥∂ XHõ #QÆ~°O #∞Oz WOHÀ #QÆ~åxH˜, XHõ ^Õâ◊O #∞Oz
"Õ~˘Hõ ^ÕâßxH˜ ~åHõáÈHõÅ∞ ™êyOK«@O Jx ÉèÏ=O. D ã¨OKå~°O "å}˜[º Jaè=$kúH,˜
„áêѨOzHõ =º=Ǩ~åŠѨÙ~ÀQÆuH˜ „Ѩ|Å `å~å¯}O. J~Ú`Õ W=hfl
`å`å¯eHõ"≥∞ÿ#=h, H˘kÌáê\˜ ÖÏÉèíO =∂„`«"Õ∞#h, D ǨÏ_®q_çx, ã¨O^Œ_çx K«∂ã≤
qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ PO^Àà◊# K≥O^Œ=Åã≤# Ѩx ÖË^Œh JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^è≥·~°ºO K≥|∞`«∞<åfl_»∞.
qâßfiã≤ J~Ú#"å_»∞ ã¨^• JOu=∞ Ѩi}Ï=∞OÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤ì xÅáêe. qâßfiã¨O QÆ#Hõ
Ö’Ñ≤¿ãÎ âßtfi`«"≥∞ÿ# #~°HÍyflx K«qK«∂_»=Åã≤ LO@∞Ok. „áêѨOzHõ ã≤iã¨OѨ^Œ
ÅÖ’ =Úxy `ÕÅ∞`«∞#fl Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ D #~°HÍyflH˜ áê„`«∞Å=Ù`å~°∞. D JOâ◊O
k=º Y∞~üP<£Ö’ ѨÅ∞KÀ@¡ q=iOK«|_çOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ : (1). ''Jqâßfiã¨∞Öˇ#· "åˆ~
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞`«∞Å q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ [QÆ_®Å‰õΩ kQÆ∞`å~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì Ѩ@ì}ÏÅÖ’ "å~°∞
u~°∞QÍ_»@O x#∞fl "≥∂ã¨OÖ’ Ѩ_»"ÕÜ«∞~å^Œ∞—— (JÖò "≥∂q∞<£ – 4). (2.) ''F
„Ѩ=HÍÎ! WÖÏ „ѨH\õ O˜ K«∞: JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ ‰õΩ J|^•úÅ#∞ JO@QÆ>"ìË å~°∞ Z#fl\˜H© ™êѶ֨ Ϻxfl
á⁄O^ŒÖË~°∞. "å~°∞ H˘xfl ~ÀAÅ áê@∞ WǨÏÖ’Hõ rq`«OÖ’ ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ J#∞Éèí
q™êΈ~"≥∂. HÍx `«~°∞"å`« "åÔ~ÖÏQÆ∂ =∂ "≥·Ñ¨Ù#‰õΩ =∞~°e ~å=Åã≤O^Õ——
(Ü«¸#∞ãπ–70). (3). ''"Õ∞=Ú "åiH˜ H˘O`«HÍÅO „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞
J#∞Éèqí OKÕ J=HÍâßxfl Wã¨∞<Î åfl=Ú, `«~∞° "å`« "åix Jâ◊‰Ωõ ÅÎ ∞QÍ KÕã≤ XHõ Hõ~Àî ~°
tHõ∆ "≥·Ñ¨Ù#‰õΩ ÖÏQÆ∞H˘xáÈ`å=Ú—— (Å∞Mχ<£ – 24).
217. JO>Ë D „áêѨOzHõ ã¨∞Y™œMϺÅ∞, Éè’QÆqÖÏ™êÅ∞ ÃÑH· ˜ ZO`« Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ #Î fl
ѨÊ\˜H©, "åã¨Î"åxH˜ Jq |Ǩïã¨fiÅÊ"≥∞ÿ#q. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë z=~°‰õΩ J=hfl JO`«
=∞ÜÕ∞º"Õ. Jq JO`«O HÍHõ ѨÓ~°fi"Õ∞ "å\˜x J#∞ÉèíqOKÕ "å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® JO`«=∞=Ù
`å~°∞. D „áêѨOzHõ ÖÏÉèÏÅ#∞, Éè’QÆqÖÏ™êÅ#∞ A„~°∞‰õΩ<Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flOÖ’ "å~°∞
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ q㨇iã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Jxfl ~°HÍÅ <≥·uHõ xÜ«∞=∂Å#∞, Hõ@∞ìÉÏ@¡#∞, ^Õ=Ù_»∞
qkèOz# ǨÏ^Œ∞ÌÅ#∞ Ju„Hõq∞OKÕ g~°∞ z=~°‰õΩ ™êkèOKÕ^Õq∞\©?
330
66 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final
198 HÍx `«=∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù‰õΩ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂
=∞ã¨Å∞‰õΩ<Õ"åi HÀã¨O „H˜O^Œ HÍÅ∞=Å∞
„Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ (ã¨fi~°æ) =<åÅ∞<åfl~Ú.
"å\˜Ö’ "å~°∞ HõÅHÍÅO LO\Ï~°∞. Wn
JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ #∞Oz "åiH˜ ÅaèOKÕ
Pu^䌺O. ã¨^Œfi~°Î#∞Å HÀã¨O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ
=^ŒÌ L#flk JxflO\˜HOõ >Ë „âı+"ª¨ ∞≥ #ÿ k.218
199 „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÅÖ’ H˘O^Œ~°∞<åfl~°∞ –
"å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞, g∞ÃÑ· J=`«iOz#
^•xh, "åi "≥Ñ· Ù¨ #‰õΩ J=`«iOz# ^•xfl
‰õÄ_® qâ◊fiã≤™êÎ~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèíÜ«∞
Ѩ_»∞`«∂ LO\Ï~°∞.219 JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ PÜ«∞`«∞
Å#∞ H˘kÌáê\˜ =¸ÖϺxH˜ J=Ú‡HÀ~°∞.
JÖÏO\˜"åi „ѨuѶŨ O "åi „ѨÉ∞íè =Ù =^ŒÌ
LOk. xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ "ÕQOÆ QÍ ÖˇH¯õ
fã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï_»∞.
218. ÃÑ#· ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# "åiH˜ aè#flOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ Ѩ@¡ ÉèÜ í ∞« Éè‰í Ωõ ÅÎ `À rq`«O QÆ_∞» ѨÙ`«∂,
ã¨^•K«~°} KÕã¨∂Î LO_Õ"å~°∞<åfl~°∞. "åi =^ŒÌ Pã‘Î JO`«ã¨∞÷Å∞ ÖËHõáÈ=K«∞Û.
ѨÅ∞‰õΩ|_ç ÖËHõáÈ=K«∞Û. J~Ú<å㨈~ ^≥·=ã¨xflkèÖ’ "å~°∞ P^ŒiOK«|_»`å~°∞. "å~°∞
^Õ=Ùx Pu^二 O á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞. „ѨÑO¨ K«OÖ’ Jqâßfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ, =Ú„+≤‰Ωõ ¯Å‰õΩ ÅaèOz#
ÉèÏQͺÅHõ<åfl qÅ∞"≥#· , „âı+"ª¨ ∞≥ #ÿ ÉèÏQͺÅ∞ D ã¨[#˚ ∞ʼnõΩ ã¨~fi° Ö’Hõ„ѨÉ∞íè "≥#· JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ
^ŒQÆæ~° Åaè™êÎ~Ú.
219. =∞Ǩ„Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Jã¨O) ^≥=· ^Ò`åºxfl ã¨`º« =∞x ^è$Œ gHõiOz, qâßfi㨠ÉèÏQƺO á⁄Ok#
„QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖ’¡ ã¨[˚#∞Å „Ѩ™êÎ=# WHõ¯_» =zÛOk. "åiÖ’x qâßfi™êxfl, W`«~°
ã¨^Œ∞æ}ÏÅ#∞ H˘xÜ«∂_»∞`«∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „QÆO^äŒ=ǨïÖ’¡ "åi "≥·tëꪺxfl ã¨Ê+ì̈ѨiKå_»∞.
JO>Ë „QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÖ’¡x J`«ºkè‰Ωõ Å∞ W™ê¡O =∞iÜ«Ú W™ê¡O „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)‰õΩ q~°∞^ŒOú QÍ
‰õΩ„@Å∞ Ѩ#∞fl`«∞O_»QÍ, "åi =~åæxHˆ K≥Ok# H˘kÌ=∞Ok ã¨[#˚ ∞Å∞ ã¨`åº=∞$`åxfl
P™êfikOz ^Õ=Ùx ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ L#fl`« tY~åÅ#∞ Jkè~ÀÇ≤ÏOz# "å~°Ü«∂º~°∞.
ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë g~°∞ x`«ºO JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂ rqOKÕ"å~°∞. *Ï<≥_»∞ á⁄@ì
xOѨÙHÀ=@O HÀã¨O ^≥·="åHͺÅ#∞ J=Ú‡‰õΩ<Õ ~°HõO HÍ^Œ∞ g~°∞. nxfl|\˜ì
331
3. Pe W„=∂<£ Å<£H`õ„~°«<∞ã¨åÅ∞
uÖò ∞Å∞ 16
Pre-f
200 F qâ◊fiã≤Oz# "å~°ÖÏ~å! g∞~°∞
ã¨Ç¨Ï#ã¨÷~Ú~åºÅ#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«O_ç.220
Ѩ~㰠ʨ ~°O ã¨ÇϨ #O QÆ∞iOz É’kèOK«∞
‰õΩO@∂, (JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~°∞‰õΩ)
ã¨=∂Ü«∞`«Î"≥∞ÿ LO_»O_ç. JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ
ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞`«∂ LO_»O_ç. `«^•fi~å g∞~°∞
™êѶ¨ÅºO á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û.
J~°÷=∞ÜÕ∞º^Õq∞@O>Ë „áêѨOzHõ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O ^≥·==K«<åÅ#∞ Ѩ}OQÍ
ÃÑ>Ëì"å~°∞, "å\˜H˜ =„HõÉèÏ+¨ºO K≥¿ÑÊ"å~°∞ – Ö’HõO ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ ZO`«Q˘Ñ¨Ê q^•fiOã¨∞
Å∞QÍ, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ K≥ÖÏ=∞}© J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© – ^Õ=Ùx ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ "å~°∞ qâßfi™êxH˜,
ÉèíH©Î `«`«Ê~°`«‰õΩ ^Œ∂~°"≥∞ÿáÈÜ«∂~°∞. ǨѶ≤*ò Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü WÖÏ JO@∞<åfl~°∞:
''„QÆO^ä=Œ ǨïÖ’¡ JÖÏ¡ÇÏπ KÕ`« H˘xÜ«∂_»|_ç# D qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ Ü«¸^Œ=~°Oæ Ö’ Ѩ@∞ì=∞x
Ѩk=∞Ok ‰õÄ_® ÖË~°∞. J~Ú`Õ „ÔH·ã¨Î=ÙÖ’¡ KåÖÏ=∞Ok W™ê¡O ã‘fiHõiOKå~°∞——
(`«Ñ¶‘û~ü Wɡfl Hõã‘~ü).
220. WHõ¯_» ã¨Ç¨Ï# ã¨÷~Ú~åºÅ#∞ „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«@=∞O>Ë J~°÷O =∞<À"åOKè«Å#∞ J^Œ∞ѨÙÖ’
LOK«∞HÀ=@O, q+¨Ü∞« Ö’Å`åfixH˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»@O, ^≥"· å*Ï˝áêÅ#ÔH· =∞#ã¨∞#∞
ã¨=∂Ü«∞`«OÎ KÕÜ∞« @O J#fl=∂@! Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ â◊„`«∞=Ù‰õΩ ÉèÜ í ∞« Ѩ_‰» Ωõ O_®
"≥ÚHõ¯"Àx ™êǨϙêxfl '=Ú™ê|~°`—ü JO\Ï~°∞. Wk ã¨ÇϨ #OÖ’ J`«ºO`« Hõi#î `«~"° ∞≥ #ÿ
Ѩiã≤÷u. JO^Œ∞ˆH nxx "Õ~°∞QÍ „Ѩ™êÎqOK«@O [iyOk. Ü«Ú^Œú~°OQÆOÖ’
K«Hõ¯x ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O`À, Ѩ\ ˜+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# ~°}hu`À J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎOQÍ LO_®Åx
`åH©^Œ∞ KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. '~åa`«∂— JO>Ë Ü«Ú^Œú"≥∞ÿ^•#OÖ’ "≥∂ǨÏiOz# ã¨÷ÖÏÖ’¡
J`«ºO`« J„Ѩ=∞`«Î`«`À ^≥·==∂~°æOÖ’ áÈ~å@O HÀã¨O ã¨=∂Ü«∞`«Î"≥∞ÿ LO_»@O.
JO^Œ∞Hˆ ''^≥=· =∂~°Oæ (Ü«Ú^ŒOú )Ö’ XHõ¯~ÀA KÕã#≤ "≥∂ǨÏiOѨ٠„ѨÑO¨ K«O =∞iÜ«Ú
JO^Œ∞Ö’ =Ù#fl ã¨~°fiã¨fiO Hõ<åfl „âı+¨ª"≥∞ÿ#k—— Jx ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ J#|_çOk (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ
|∞MÏs – ÉÏ|∞ Ѷ¨l¡ iÉÏ`ü). ''=∞#ã¨∞‰õΩ ÉèÏ~°OQÍ LO_Õ Ñ¨iã≤÷`«∞Ö’¡ ѨÓiÎQÍ
=ÙE KÕã≤, KåÖÏ ^Œ∂~°O =~°‰õΩ =∞ã≤˚^Œ∞ʼnõΩ #_»z~å=@O, XHõ #=∂A KÕã≤
=∞~À #=∂A H˘~°‰õΩ =∞ã≤˚^Œ∞ÅÖ’ xsH˜∆OK«@O ‰õÄ_® '"≥∂ǨÏiOѨٗ (iÉÏ`ü)
QÍ<Õ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_çOk—— (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡O – H˜`å|∞`«ÎǨ~°).

Y
332
67 3. Pe W„=∂<£ 4= áê~å
3=
final

325