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Assignment 1 Public Budget
Assignment 1 Public Budget
GROUP ASSIGNMENT
PAD370
PUBLIC FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION
ASSIGNMENT TOPIC:
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
PREPARED FOR:
NORHAYATI BT YAACOB
DATE OF SUBMISSION:
21 JUNE
PREPARED BY:
NO NAME UiTM NO. GROUP
.
1. NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHD ASRI 2017163885 5B
T h e fi r s t i m p o r t a n c e o f p u b l i c b u d g e t i s t o m a k e s u r e t h e
g o v e r n m e n t e ffi c i e n t l y m a n a g e t h e e c o n o m y o f t h e c o u n t r y .
E ffi c i e n t e c o n o m i c m a n a g e m e n t a i m s t o a c h i e v e d e v e l o p m e n t
goals. The private sectors will have to take place as machinery
of growth while the government give their supports [ CITATION
Ali09 \l 17417 ]. For example, to encourage the economic
growth, a good infrastructure requirement is needed. So, the
p r o v i s i o n s f o r t h e r o a d c o n s t r u c ti o n , r a i l w a y s a n d p o r t s m u s t b e
provided in the public budget. As well as the tax policy that can
be used to improve the economy of the country. For example,
t a x a ti o n c a n b e i m p o s e d o n t h e u s e o f g o o d s t h a t c a n g i v e
e ff e c t t o t h e p e o p l e ’ s h e a l t h s u c h a s c i g a r e tt e s a n d a l c o h o l
drink.
Second, the public budget will determine the priority of
the government. The people in the country will be the main
p r i o r i t y i n t h e b u d g e t p r e s e n t a ti o n o f M a l a y s i a i n e v e r y y e a r .
The provisions given to the people will be the longest list in the
budget. As we can see in the PRIHATIN Rakyat Economic
S ti m u l u s P a c k a g e , t h e a l l o c a ti o n p r o v i d e d t o t h e p e o p l e i s t h e
most one compare to the others. The government must take
care of the people in the country in order to make sure the
economy of the country is stable.
N e x t , t h e p u b l i c b u d g e t a c t a s a s i g n i fi c a n t m e c h a n i s m o f
d i s t r i b u ti o n . P e o p l e i n t h e c o u n t r y h a v e a d i ff e r e n t a b i l i t y ,
s k i l l , c o m p e t e n c e a n d s t r e n g t h . T h e i r i n c o m e a l s o d i ff e r e n t
from each other. To reduce the income gap, the government
needs to develop appropriate budget policies to redistribute
income from the rich to the poor. For example, the government
collect the tax income from the rich and use the tax to provide
scholarship to the children of the poor people and create
b u s i n e s s o p p o r t u n i ti e s t h r o u g h fi n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e .
T h e o b j e c ti v e s o f t a x a ti o n a r e t o p r o v i d e r e v e n u e t o f u n d
t h e a c ti v i ti e s s u c h a s d e f e n s e , l a w a n d o r d e r , o r t h e p r o v i s i o n
of public services. Then, Redistribute income and wealth to
help address poverty, through graduated taxes on personal
i n c o m e o r r e a l p r o p e r t y , g i ft o r i n h e r i t a n c e t a x e s . B e s i d e s , a s a
t o o l f o r s ti m u l a ti n g e c o n o m i c g r o w t h . T h e t a x c a n h e l p t o
promote investment, encourage exports and promote local
i n d u s t r i e s . I t i s a l s o , a s a fi s c a l p o l i c y . T a x e s c a n h e l p t o
s t a b i l i z e t h e e c o n o m y a n d p r i c e fl u c t u a ti o n s t h r o u g h c h a n g i n g
the rates of taxes. For the example in a recession, income taxes
can be reduced so as to increase demand for goods and thus
s t a b i l i s e p r i c e s . D i s c o u r a g e s p e c i fi c a c ti v i ti e s s u c h a s s m o k i n g
t o b a c c o o r c o n s u m p ti o n o f a l c o h o l .
T h e c h a r a c t e r i s ti c s o f a g o o d t a x s y s t e m a r e c e r t a i n t y , i t
is necessary that the tax laws are clear and the tax payer is
therefore able to predict with reasonable certainty what this
t a x i s l i k e l y t o b e . T h e n , c o m p l i a n c e a n d c o l l e c ti o n c o s t s . A t a x
w h i c h i s d i ffi c u l t t o c o l l e c t a n d i n v o l v e s t h e t a x p a y e r k e e p i n g
complicated records is undesired-able. It will not only be
u n p o p u l a r t o t h e t a x p a y e r b u t c o s t l y a n d a d m i n i s t r a ti v e l y
d i ffi c u l t t o t h e g o v e r n m e n t . T h e o t h e r s a r e e n f o r c e a b i l i t y ,
fl e x i b l e , a b i l i t y t o p a y , s i m p l e a n d e a s y a n d m o ti v a ti n g .
The types of tax is progressive tax. It based on the
taxable amount of the individuals income. So, high income
earners pay more than low income earners. Second is regressive
tax. It shows low income individuals pay a higher amount of
their incomes in taxes compared to high income earners under a
regressive tax system because the government assesses tax as a
percentage of the value of the asset that a taxpayer purchases
h e r o w n s . T h i r d i s t h e p r o p o r ti o n a l t a x . I t i s a l s o r e f e r r e d t o a s
a fl a t t a x s y s t e m , a s s e s s e s t h e s a m e t a x r a t e o n e v e r y o n e
regardless of income or wealth.
i. P r o v i d e a ff o r d a b l e h o u s i n g f o r q u a l i fi e d p e o p l e ,
regulate aspects of private housing development and
r e s i d e n ti a l m a n a g e m e n t a s w e l l a s r e s o l v e h o u s i n g
disputes.
ii. A s s i s t a n d g u i d e l o c a l a u t h o r i ti e s i n p r o v i d i n g q u a l i t y
m u n i c i p a l s e r v i c e s , s o c i o e c o n o m i c a n d r e c r e a ti o n a l
f a c i l i ti e s t o m e e t l o c a l n e e d s .
iii. P r o v i d e e ffi c i e n t , l i c e n s e d fi r e p r e v e n ti o n a n d r e s c u e
services to safeguard life and property safety.
iv. Provide policy and advisory services to the federal,
state and federal governments on and planning,
m a n a g e m e n t , d e v e l o p m e n t a n d c o n s e r v a ti o n i n
a c c o r d a n c e w i t h n a ti o n a l p h y s i c a l p l a n s .
v. Providing federal, state and local government
policies and services on the planning,
i m p l e m e n t a ti o n a n d m a n a g e m e n t o f l a n d s c a p e , p a r k s
a n d r e c r e a ti o n .
vi. Providing policies and advisory services to the
federal, state and local governments on the
r e g u l a ti o n a n d r e g u l a ti o n o f s o l i d w a s t e m a n a g e m e n t
and public clean up services to be more integrated,
e ffi c i e n t , e ff e c ti v e a n d c o s t e ff e c ti v e .
vii. I m p l e m e n ti n g p r o g r a m s a n d a c ti v i ti e s t o e n h a n c e
u r b a n r e s i l i e n c e a n d p u b l i c p a r ti c i p a ti o n i n l o c a l
governance.
viii. D e v e l o p s a n d r e g u l a t e s t h e a c ti v i ti e s o f m o n e y
lenders and pensions.2.2 PUBLIC ISSUES RELATED TO
THE MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
T h e c a u s e o f t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s b e c a u s e t h e p r i c e i s
c h e a p e r t h a n t h e m e t a l p l a s ti c . S o t h a t t h e u s a g e o f t h e p l a s ti c
i s w i d e l y a l l o v e r t h e w o r l d b a s i c a l l y u s e t h e p l a s ti c . I n
M a l a y s i a , p e o p l e w h o a r e n o t r e s p o n s i b l e t h r o w t h e p l a s ti c
evenly.
T h e e ff e c t o f t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s t h e c a u s e o f t h e
w a t e r p o l l u ti o n a n d o t h e r c a s e s . S u p r e m e M a n a g e m e n t
a d d r e s s i n g t h e p o l l u ti o n o f w a t e r r e s o u r c e s c r e a t e d a t t h e s t a t e
level, a short-term and long-term framework for addressing
w a t e r r e s o u r c e s p o l l u ti o n i s b e i n g p r e p a r e d b y i n v o l v i n g a l l
relevant agencies. Then, the forest areas, peatlands,
agricultural lands and illegal dumping sites should always be
monitored. [ CITATION Asy20 \l 17417 ]
2.2.4 THE CLEANLINESS IN PEOPLE’S HOUSING PROJECT
(PPR)
Based on several People’s Housing Project (PPR) that has
b e e n c h e c k , i t w a s r e v e a l t h a t m a n y o f t h e i r f a c i l i ti e s l a c k e d o f
proper maintenance. Which is leaking pipes, dirty playground
w i t h b r o k e n s w i n g c h a i n s , o ft e n f a u l t y l i ft s a n d d i r t y c o r r i d o r s
t h a t a r e a c o m m o n s i g h t a t t h e s e l o w - c o s t fl a t s . I t l o o k l i k e t h i s
is not something new happen in their neighbourhood. And also
t h i s h o u s i n g h a s m a n y r u b b i s h e s p e c i a l l y o n t h e g r o u n d fl o o r
r o o f . T h e c l e a n l i n e s s i n t h i s r e s i d e n ti a l a r e a i s n o t g u a r a n t e e d
b e c a u s e i t fi l l e d w i t h g a r b a g e e v e r y w h e r e .
T h e o u t c o m e f r o m t h i s i s s u e w i l l a ff e c t t o t h e i r h o u s i n g
area and also to the country. It will causing discomfort to the
l o c a l s . A n d t h e i r a c ti o n s a r e n o t a g o o d t h i n g t o e m u l a t e . T h i s
is because if they did not taking care their cleanliness in
housing area, it will give bad impact to themselves especially to
their health. When the place full of rubbish, it can make that
p l a c e f u l l o f r a t s , m a n y m o r e p e s t i f t h i s s i t u a ti o n p e r s i s t t o
happen that can be harmful. There’s possibility of other
h o u s i n g w i l l a l s o f o l l o w t h i s i m p o v e r i s h e d a tti t u d e a n d m a k e
Malaysia a dirty country. Moreover, it will endanger the locals
i f t h e h o u s i n g f a c i l i ti e s d i d n ’ t d o a p r o p e r m a i n t e n a n c e .
2.3 Proposed Project to Manage the Issue
T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o f a c i l i t a t e t h e
process of management and treatment of solid waste.
When we separate the waste in the main categories which
a r e p a p e r , g l a s s , m e t a l a n d p l a s ti c , i t w i l l s a v e t h e ti m e
and cost for the management to manage the waste. In
a d d i ti o n , i t w i l l a v o i d t h e d u m p i n g w a s t e a t t h e d i s p o s a l
centre. Usually when we walk by the disposal centre, an
u n p l e a s a n t s m e l l c o m e s f r o m i t . I f w e c o m m i tt e d t o u s e
the recycle bins properly, the unpleasant smell for sure
can be reduce.
T h i s p r o j e c t e s ti m a t e d w i l l c o s t a b o u t R M 4 2 0
m i l l i o n t o p l a c e t h e r e c y c l e b i n s i n 1 m i l l i o n d i ff e r e n t
l o c a ti o n s i n a l l o v e r t h e c o u n t r y .
T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o e n s u r e t h e s a f e t y
a m o n g t h e t o u r i s t a n d t o g i v e f u l l s u p p o r t i n e ff o r t o f
awareness development about decreasing of urban safety and to
prevent any crime that might happen in the tourist site which is
free from live threatening and property such stolen, robbery,
tugged and so on.
M a l a y s i a i s a c t u a l l y a t t h e r i g h t t r a c k i n i m p l e m e n ti n g o f
“Safety Programme”. In order to get success of this programs,
the agency that need to involve is Ministry of Housing & Local
Government (KPKT) and Town and Country Planning Department
of Peninsular Malaysia (JPBD). They need to take many
i n i ti a ti v e s t o e n s u r e t h e s a f e t y l e v e l o f t o u r i s t .
2.3.3 Project 3 Campaign should start from the young
age
E v e r y o n e s h o u l d k n o w t h e u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s a c t u a l l y
d a n g e r o u s f o r o u r n a t u r e e s p e c i a l l y w a t e r p o l l u ti o n . W e c a n s e e
that there are many turtle died because of straw that people
w h o a r e n o t r e s p o n s i b l e t h r o w t h e p l a s ti c e v e r y w h e r e . S o t h a t ,
the campaign should be have at the school every year.
T h e o b j e c ti v e s o f t h e c a m p a i g n s h o u l d b e s t a r t f r o m t h e
young age which means that the children should know that they
should take a good care of the nature. For the example the
u s a g e o f p l a s ti c i s o n e o f t h e c a u s e s t h e n a t u r e d i s a s t e r . T h e
campaign at the school about this issue should be have once a
year. In that campaign, the things that the children should
k n o w i s h o w t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c w i t h a g o o d w a y a n d t h e n h o w t o
r e f u s e t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c . F o r t h e e x a m p l e i s u s e t h e p a p e r b a g
when go to shopping, use the metal straw and so on.
T h e e s ti m a t e d b u d g e t i s a r o u n d R M 2 5 0 m i l l i o n b e c a u s e
t h e s t u ff t h a t b e n e e d i n d o i n g t h i s p r o j e c t i s p a p e r o r c l o t h e s
bag to give for the student as an example for them to use the
r i g h t w a y w h e n s h o p p i n g a n d a l s o r e f u s e t o u s e t h e p l a s ti c b a g .
Then, the commission towards the speaker and anyone who are
involve in this campaign. This campaign provide to all school in
Malaysia.
T h e c a m p a i g n s h o u l d b e i n g i n fi r s t m o n t h o f t h e s c h o o l
where the students are not too busy with the study especially
f o r t h e s t u d e n t w h o b e s i t f o r t h e b i g e x a m i n a ti o n . T h i s
campaign should be done within two days where provide the
necessary to show to the student.
2 . 3 . 4 P r o j e c t 4 : P r i o r i ti z e d H y g i e n e i n R e s i d e n ti a l A r e a s
F o r t h i s p r o j e c t , i t c a l l “ p r i o r i ti z e h y g i e n e i n r e s i d e n ti a l
areas”. This project is to bring awareness to the resident about
the importance of cleanliness. This project will make the
resident know what happen if they did not keep the area clean
and change their mind-set to take responsibility to their own
r u b b i s h i n s t e a d o f e x p e c ti n g o t h e r p e o p l e t o t h r o w o u t t h e
r u b b i s h f o r s o m e o n e e l s e . A s w e k n o w t h i s k i n d o f a tti t u d e i s
not good to follow. With this project, it can make the resident
c h a n g e t h e i r a tti t u d e t o b e c o m e a p e r s o n w h o a l w a y s m a i n t a i n
the cleanliness.
T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h i s p r o j e c t i s t o m a k e t h e p e o p l e ’ s
housing project (PPR) clean and safe to live in by the locals. It
is because, when the housing area is clean, it means our heath
also guaranteed safe from any disease such as dengue. Besides,
this project will make the resident safety more secured with a
p r o p e r f a c i l i ti e s m a i n t e n a n c e b e e n d o n e . A n d t h i s p r o j e c t t o
make the resident aware what the problem in their housing and
to taking care their housing together by themselves to not
repeat the same problem that later will create another problem
exist.
T h i s p r o j e c t b u d g e t e s ti m a t e a r o u n d R M 1 0 m i l l i o n . T h i s
v a l u e i n c l u d e l i ft m a i n t e n a n c e , p l a y g r o u n d m a i n t e n a n c e ,
leaking pipes, doing the cleaning and cleaning tool need to
provide in the housing areas.
3.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, when there is the public budget, the
p e o p l e d o n o t h a v e t o w o r r y a b o u t t h e a l l o c a ti o n p r o v i d e d b y
the government as the money will be use for the sake of the
people well-being. This can be seen when the government
present the annual budget on the television. All the money will
b e u s e d t o i m p r o v e o r fi x a n y t h i n g t h a t b e i n g c o n c e r n e d b y t h e
people. The development of the country and people’s welfare
are the main priority that the government must take care of. If
not, the people will feel abandon and start to provoke the
government to make changes in order to get their rights to be
d o n e . T h e o b j e c ti v e o f t h e p u b l i c b u d g e t i s t o m a k e s u r e t h e
m i n i s t r y c a n u s e t h e a l l o c a ti o n t o p l a n a n d i m p l e m e n t t h e
suitable projects to take care of the welfare of the people
3 . 2 L e a r n i n g r e fl e c ti o n
Through this project, we learned that the public budget is
a statement of revenue and expenditure of government for
future. That is to make sure the government to manage the
e c o n o m y o f t h e c o u n t r y e ffi c i e n t l y . A n d a l s o i t a c t a s fi n a n c i a l
of the government that to show the people what the
government use the public money for. In public budget has two
categories which is public expenditure and public revenue. In
a d d i ti o n , w e a l s o k n o w t h e d e fi n i ti o n o f p u b l i c e x p e n d i t u r e . I t
is the way in which public resources allocated and managed
while the public revenue is the income of the government
through the various sources. In this public budget basically will
show on how the government managed the public money and
what they do to use the public money so that the people will
know how government managed the public. Because the money
that government get come from the public through the various
tax to gain income. That is why they have the right to know. In
other words, we gain so many knowledge by doing this project
and learn a new things
4.0 REFERENCES
A h m a d N a z r i n A r i s A n u a r , S i ti N o o r b a i z u r a B o o k h a r i , N o o r A z a h A z i z .
( 2 0 1 2 ) . R e t r i e v e d f r o m T h e E ff e c ti v e n e s s o f S a f e C i t y
Programme as Safety Basic in:
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i 4 7 B 7 H V % 2 F k F q Y 2 u i p T c g I g fb 3 x N q s J Y Q
A l i , P . D . ( 3 1 J a n u a r y , 2 0 0 9 ) . H a p p y D a y . R e t r i e v e d f r o m K e p e n ti n g a n
Belanjawan kepada Ekonomi Negara:
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