2 Linear Algebra

) Wolfram link (http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LinearAlgebra.html)

2.1 Matrices and Vectors

) Library link (http://library.leeds.ac.uk/tutorials/maths-solutions/pages/mechanics/vectors.html)

2.1.1 Definitions

A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers enclosed in brackets. These numbers are called
entries or elements of the matrix.
e.g. 2 3
6 1 3 6 7
A=4 5 (1)
0 1 4

Matrix A has 2 rows and 3 columns.

A row vector is a matrix with a single row:

e.g. 
1 3 6 (2)

Whereas a column vector is a matrix with a single column:

e.g. 2 3
6 1 7
4 5 (3)
0

The size of a matrix is defined by n ⇥ m where n is the number of rows and m is the number
of columns. Matrix A, as defined in equation 1, is a 2 ⇥ 3 matrix.

An element of a matrix can be described by its row position and column position. For ex-