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08‐May‐17

 Mekanika Fluida
 Klasifikasi Aliran Fluida
▪ Steady & Unsteady
▪ One‐, two‐, & three‐dimensional
▪ Incompressible
▪ Laminar & Turbulent

Hydraulic Gradient, i
h = energy atau head loss
l = length 

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Osbourne Reynolds
(1880s):

 fluid density
v = fluid velocity
d = pipe diameter
 = viscosity

III. Turbulent
Hydraulic Gradient, i

I. Laminar II. Transition
Re > 4000
Re < 2000 2000 < Re < 4000

Velocity, v
Daerah Aliran Laminar dan Turbulent (after Taylor, 1948)
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 Darcy’s Law:

 Hukum Kekekalan Massa

 Bernoulli Energy Equation

Velocity Head Pressure Head Elevation Head

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h

va = v vs vd = v

L
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(a) Constant‐Head Test, (b) Falling‐Head Test (Holtz and Kovacs, 1981)
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(a) Constant‐Head Test (Holtz and Kovacs, 1981)

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Falling‐Head Test (Holtz and Kovacs, 1981)
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Datum

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Datum

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Boundary Conditions

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Boundary Conditions

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Total Flow:

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