Geosynthetics – An innovative solution for Hydraulics & Marine

Engineering
Tag Line:- Taking care of Ecosystem for better world…

Company offers a broad spectrum of premium-quality geosynthetic products for hydraulic &
marine engineering. These include Geofil sand mattresses, Geotextile tubes, sandbags, GRW
containment system, FlexiCell, filter nonwovens geotextiles, as well high strength woven
geotextiles & Flexiturf mattress.
Following are applications of geosynthetics in hydraulic & marine engineering:-

 Revetments
 Groynes & Land Reclaimation
 Dikes & Sea Walls
 Canals & Canal Structures

1. Revetments
A revetment is a surface protection layer laid over slope of embankments to prevent erosion
of slope & toe by wave action, tides and currents & abide piping failure due to migration
fine particles. Revetments consist of an outer armor layer designed to resist the
hydrodynamic energy.

A. Revetment using Geotextile bags

In revetements, Geobags units are designed as armored layer to withstand hydro-
dynamic forces. Company geotextile laid below bags, designed to prevent erosion of the
base soil. These are sand-filled to maximum density with weight upto 124 kg on site
and then laid in designed interlock pattern & followed by scour apron to provide
maximum revetment stability. Geobag revetments may be exposed or may be
submerged, as time lapses vegetation grows over it. Vegetation increases serviceability
life span of structure by giving protection from UV.

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B. Revetment using Geotextile Tubes
Geotextile tubes are also are designed as revetments, when sloping surface has to
withstand high hydraulic forces. These are hydraulically filled with locally available
sand to act as mass-gravity structure, resist drag & lift forces. As per required height of
embankment, Geotextile tubes can be stacked to a required slope angle. Revetment
should be followed with a scour apron to avoid scouring at the toe of revetment,
 Geotextile tube revetments are best suited to beach & braided stream protection works
because availability of sand.
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C. Revetment using Geofil Sand Mattress

Geofil Sand Mattress effectively used as revetment over sloping surface. It can be filled
either dry or hydraulically using sand in-situ through the top openings, after filling it
anchored at crest and toe of slope. It is a manufactured by stitching of two layers of
technical textiles together at regular intervals. The sewn seams are shielded from
mechanical damage due to the strong curving of the filled mat. The bottom layer of the
mattress is composed of a high strength woven geotextile. The upper layer is a green
coloured, UV stabilized, specially designed non-woven fabric capable of trapping
sediments helps in growing vegetation. Mannings coefficient is increased because of its
curve like shape which results in dissipating the surge of hydraulic pressure over banks.
Picture of graphs profix

2. Groynes & Land reclamation

Groynes are structures that constructed transverse to the coastline/river flow and as per
desired alignment they divert or attract flow. Groynes helps in rivers training, these are the
best structures in protects beach/banks from erosion, facilitate in trapping sand by reducing
velocity of streams.

For land reclamation series of groynes are installed along shoreline/banks. As waves strikes
groynes velocity of flow gets reduced, suspended sand particles in currents/waves gets
trapped. Constant phenomenon of trapping sand partilcle results in reclamation of land.

Groynes using Geotextile tubes

As comparision of conventional Groynes, these are easily constructed in a shorter time span
by installing Geotextile tubes in-situ and filled carefully. Sand slurry is filled using pump at
designed pressure, sand got trapped inside geotextile tubes while gets out of it. Sand gets
hydraulically compacted, results in stiff mass gravity structure. Avoiding settlement at base
of groynes, scour apron is laid to prevent its base from erosion. These can easily be
installed in low water levels to acts as partially submerged Groynes.
Picture sindri

Groynes using GRW system

GRW system is the flexible type of cellular confinement system constructed with the high
strength, specially engineered high strength woven fabric to sustain the intense hydraulic
forces. Two Chains of GRW system is aligned back to back maintain certain distance and
 GRW compartment get filled mechanically or hydraulically with locally available soil.
Structure again wrapped with High strength woven fabric to as fines remains traps inside
under drawdown condition.
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3. Sea Walls & Dikes

Sea wall & dikes are constructed parallel to coastal line, their primary function is defense
against flooding of coastal areas by withstanding the hydraulic forces created out of
tidal/wave action, and they have a secondary function as coastal erosion protection.

However the conventional seawalls & dikes are found to have several shortcomings, which
created the need of alternate engineered systems that can provide effective protection of
coastal communities without infringing the environment.

A. Green Sea Wall Using GRW System

GRW system is innovative designed system, widely used as sea wall for flood fighting
in coastal areas. As per designed height of Sea wall, GRW system is installed. GRW
sytem is ready to use deployment system, within short period of time long sea wall can
easily be constructed. GRW system can be filled mechanically or hydraulically with
locally available soil. It acts as a mass gravity structure & easily resists hydraulic forces
& abrasive forces due to continuously hitting tides.
GRW system is followed with scour apron & its sloping surface helps in reducing the
wave runup and the erodible effect of the waves.

Picture kerala

B. Green Sea Wall using geotextile tube

Geotextile tube has been used globally in coastal & marine area. These are filled with
locally available sand using mechanical equipment, results in speedy & economical
installation. Geotextile can be manufactured in several sizes as per designed height of
sea wall or they can be stacked. They supports vegeation growth over it and gets
camouflaged with surroundings. Reduces carbon footprints & leaving no impact on
ecosystem.

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4. Canals & Canal structures
Canals plays a vital role in Indian Irrigation system as they used to transport water to farms
for irrigation and other human uses. The flow of irrigation water in the canals must always
be under control. For this purpose, canal structures are required. They helps in regulaing
flow and deliver the correct amount of water to the different branches of the system and
onward to the irrigated fields.

A. Canal Lining
An important reason behind lining a canal can be water conservation, no seepage of
water into adjacent land or roads, reduced maintenance and reduced canal dimensions.
a) Canal Lining with FlexiCell
Infilling the FlexiCell with ready-mixed concrete provides a robust, erosion-
resistant lining system with uniform thickness. Flexicell acts as a flexible
reinforcement with concrete. Canal in drawdown with high expansive soils ,
where swelling & shirnkage of soil is high, cracking of concrete is restrained by
flexicell. Installation & execution of flexicell is fast, unlike conventional
soultion where shuttering is used.

b) Canal Lining with Geofil mattress

Canals are constructed either in cutting or filling, most affected among them are
canals in filling. Canals in filling are highle susceptible to erosion during high
velocities & drawdown condition. Canal can be lined using Geofil Mattress,
which effectively controls erosion at high velocities & helps in reducing pore
pressure during drawdown as only water seeps out of Geotextile filter. Green
Top layer with Vegetative cover is aethetically apeasing.

B. Check Dams usign GRW stystem

To divert water from the channel to the field, it is often necessary to raise the water
level in the channels. Checks are structures placed across the channel to block it
temporarily and to raise the upstream water level. Check dam can be constructed using
 GRW system with floor & vertical cutoffs. GRW system is filled locally available soil
& sealed in a very short span of time. These check dams are economical as compared to
conventional check dam where mass concrete is used.

C. Drops & Canal Falls

Drop structures or falls are required to reduce the bottom slope of canals lying on
steeply sloping land in order to avoid high velocity of the flow and risk of erosion.
Drops/falls constructed using GRW systems permit the canal to be constructed in series,
each at a different elevation. GRW with scour apron is non erodible structure even a
high velocities. It used to dissipate energy by creating hydraulic jump in downstream.

D. Canals with Maximum Hydraulic efficiency

Canals with maximum hydraulic efficiency carries maximum discharge & minimum
wetted perimeter. Places where purchasing land is costly business, Canals with steep
slope can be constructed using GRW system. Canals in filling constructed using GRW
system saves Land as well as soil used in contruction of Embankment.