Permeability Test

Objective: To determine the permeability number for given molding sand sample

Introduction

It is the property of moulding sand which allows gases to pass through easily in the mould.
Permeability is a property of foundry sand with respect to how well the sand can vent, i.e. how well
gases pass through the sand. And in other words, permeability is the property by which we can know the
ability of material to transmit fluid/gases.

Materials used: Base sand, clay and water.

Apparatus used: Sand rammer, Permeability meter, Electronic weighing scale, stripper, stop watch,
measuring jar, specimen tube, specimen tube cup.

Theory

Permeability Test:

Permeability is a condition of porosity and thus is related to the passage of gaseous materials through the
sand. It is expressed as the volume of air in cubic centimetres that will pass per minute under a pressure of
10 kg/m2 through a specimen of sand 1 square centimetre of cross-sectional area and one centimetre in
height.

There are four conditions of permeability:

(a) Base permeability is the permeability measured in a specimen of packed dry sharp sand.

(b) Green permeability is the permeability measured in a specimen made of moist moulding sand.

(c) Dry permeability is the permeability measured in a specimen made of moulding sand and dried at
about 100 to 110°C.

(d) Baked permeability is the permeability measured in a specimen made of sand with thermo-setting
binder and backed at some temperature above 105°C.
Permeability test is carried out by using a permeability meter consisting of an aluminium casting in the
form of a water tank and a base. A balanced tank floats inside the water tank. A specimen tube extends
down to the specimen and opens into the air space.

Link of Video Lecture

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Pj4ZSSxORo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeIrFFFhNRY