REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

ULTIMATED STRENGTH
ESIGN OF GIRDERS
DESIGN
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION

ENGR. KEVIN PAOLO V. ROBLES, MSCE

Professor
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION
As bottom As top

-Mu1 +Mu2 -Mu3 -Mu4 +Mu5 -Mu6

ln1 ln2

Vu1 Vu2 Vu3 Vu4

ANALYSIS/DESIGN FOR NEGATIVE BENDING

t !"# $% = ∅$(
)*+
As top $% = ∅)*+ ,-. / −
/. 2*43
!567" 859 ).
d NOTE: Beam/Girder should be designed as SRRB.

a Compression
stress block

bw
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION

ANALYSIS/DESIGN FOR POSITIVE BENDING

CASE 1 CASE 2
bf bf

t a Compression stress block t Compression stress block

a
bofc bof bof bof
d d

As bot As bot

bw bw
(a<t) (a>t)

Where : t = thickness of slab bw = web width

a = depth of stress block bof = width of overhanging flange
bf = flange width d = effective depth
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION

ANALYSIS/DESIGN FOR POSITIVE BENDING

NSCP 2015 406.3.2 T –Beam Geometry

b f = b w + b ofL + b ofR

ln

For INTERIOR BEAMS (T-Shaped)

bw + 16t

bf shall not exceed bw + Swave

Sw
S bw + ln/4

Flange Location Effective overhanging flange width, bof

For EXTERIOR BEAMS (L-Shaped)
8t
Each Side of web
Least of : Sw/2
(interior) bw + 6t
ln/8
bf shall not exceed bw + Swave
6t
One side of web
Least of: Sw/2 bw + ln/12
(exterior)
ln/12
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION
ANALYSIS/DESIGN FOR POSITIVE BENDING
REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Assume Case 1 : a < t bf

t a Compression stress block C = 0.85fc’abf

bof bof
d d – a/2
N.A.

As bot
T = Asfy
Set $% = ∅$(
? bw
To check if a<t, use : $% = ∅:. ; < * 43 = > - −
.
@A *+
or : ?=
:. ;<*43 =>*

Proceed if a<t. Otherwise if a>t, use Case 2

)*+
For tensile steel ratio, you can use $% = ∅)*+ ,-. / − , provided that a<t, and b = bf
/. 2*43
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION
ANALYSIS/DESIGN FOR POSITIVE BENDING
REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Ac2
Case 2 : a > t bf
Set $% = ∅$(
? D t C2 = 0.85fc’(t*2bof)
Ac1
$% = ∅B/ -− + ∅B. - − a
. . C1 = 0.85fc’abw
B/ + B. = E bof
d
d-t/2
d-a/2
As bot
T = Asfy

bw
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION

A OFFICE 1 B C D All areas:

Ceiling: suspended metal lath with
Floor: Solid flat tile on 25 mm mortar base
3.4m gypsum plaster
Exterior walls: low density, 150 mm CHB,
full grout, plaster on both sides, 2.5 m
high
E F G H
OFFICE 2
Steel studs with 13 mm gypsum DETERMINE: Tributary loads on girders
Floor: Concrete fill
each side, 2.5 m high 2.9m IJ, JK and KL
finish, 40 mm thk
I J K L
Assume beam dimension to be
HALLWAY 300x450mm.
Floor: Ceramic tile on 13 mm mortar 2.6m
fy = 420 MPa
M N O P
f'c = 21 MPa
5.8m 6.9m 6m

I J K L
 ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL NOTES:

1. For tensile steel ratio of positive bending moment, you 32.357 kN/m 33.495 kN/m 36.684 kN/m
NOP
can use FG = ∅H8I JK L 1 − Q.ROT , provided that a<t, and b =
S
?
bf. If a>t. Use the traditional formula, $% = ∅B/ - − . +
?
∅B. D − . .
I J K L
2. For tensile steel ratio of
negative bending moment, you DE MS CE CE MS CE CE MS DE
NOP
can use FG = ∅H8I JK L 1 − Q.ROT , Coefficient, C - 1/16 1/14 1/10 1/11 1/16 1/11 1/10 1/14 1/16
S
provided and b = bw. Analyze as Clear Span, ln m 5.5 5.5 6.05 6.05 6.6 6.15 6.15 5.7 5.7
SRRB. Max Moment, Mu (-) (+) kNm 61.175 69.914 118.435 111.455 91.190 115.170 138.748 85.133 74.491

3. Always check minimum area. Tensile Steel Ratio, ! - 0.00371 0.00073 0.00753 0.00705 0.00082 0.00731 0.00900 0.00087 0.00456
Area, As mm2 434 479 882 825 625 855 1053 584 534
4. Always adopt the least value 2
As to be used mm 434 479 882 825 625 855 1053 584 534
for the base of the flange, bf.
Refer to the provisions in NSCP N16 mm 3 3 5 5 4 5 6 3 3
2015. Adjusted N16 mm 3 3 5 4 65 3 3
5. At continuous end, the Shear Coefficient, C mm 1/2 23/40 1/2 1/2 23/40 1/2
number of top bars should be Vu kN 88.982 102.329 110.534 110.534 120.232 104.549
the same at both faces, hence it spacing mm 1@50, rest @200 1@50, rest @200 1@50, rest @200
is adjust to whichever is the
larger value.
6. For monolithic construction, 7. For every span, Vu is different at each face of 8. Always take note that if smin is larger than smax , use
cracks may occur at the face of support, meaning the shear reinforcement is not maximum spacing. In usual construction, there is no “no
the support. Therefore, in symmetrical. You can compute for both sides, but spacing region”, so adopt either smax/smin for the rest of
computation of shear you can also just adopt the side with the more every span. First stirrup should be placed 50 mm from the
reinforcement, start at Vu@face ”masinsin” na spacing and adopt it to the other face of the support.
instead of Vu@d. side of the span.
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION
“e”
“g” GENERAL NOTES:
I “a” J K
1. There should always be 2 continuous
ln /3.33 ln /3 ln /3 ln /3 ln /3
top and bottom bars all through out the
span of the beam.

2. For easier layout, refer to the standard

specifications for the length of the
additional bottom and top bars as
ln /6 “d” ln /5 ln /5 ln /5 ln /5 shown in the typical beam
“b” G2 “f” “h” reinforcement layout.
“c”
G1

TYPICAL BEAM REINFORCEMENT LAYOUT

SCALE NTS

BEAM REINFORCEMENT SCHEME

Bar Quantity of Long Bars Shear

b h BAR
BEAM Dia.
(mm) (mm) LOCATION
a b c d e f g No. of Stirrups
(mm)
TOP 16 2 - 1 - 3 - - 1 @ 50 mm,
G1 300 450
BOTTOM 16 - 2 - 1 - - - rest @ 200 mm

TOP 16 2 - - - 3 - 4 1 @ 50 mm,
G2 300 450
BOTTOM 16 - 2 - - - 2 - rest @ 200 mm
ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN : D E S I G N O F G I R D E R S
IN MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION

A OFFICE 1 B C D All areas:

Ceiling: suspended metal lath with
Floor: Solid flat tile on 25 mm mortar base
3.4m gypsum plaster
Exterior walls: low density, 150 mm CHB,
full grout, plaster on both sides, 2.5 m
high
E F G H
OFFICE 2
Steel studs with 13 mm gypsum DETERMINE: Tributary loads on girders
Floor: Concrete fill
each side, 2.5 m high 2.9m IJ, JK and KL
finish, 40 mm thk
I J K L
Assume beam dimension to be
HALLWAY 300x450mm.
Floor: Ceramic tile on 13 mm mortar 2.6m
fy = 420 MPa
M N O P
f'c = 21 MPa
5.8m 6.9m 6m

I J K L