Incandescent light bulb

Circuit Operation
1. Incadescent Lamp
An incandescent bulb works on the principle of incandescence, a common term meaning
light produced by heat. In an incandescent type of bulb, an electric current is passed
through a thin metal filament, heating the filament until it shines and produces light.
Usually, incandescent bulbs use a tungsten filament due to high melting point of tungsten. A
tungsten filament can reach temperature as high as 4,500 degrees Fahrenheight inside a
light bulb.
A glass container, the bublb bottle, prevents the warm filament from touching oxygen in the
atmosphere. The filament will overheat and oxidize without this glass covering and the
vacuum it helps create.
After the electricity has made its way though tungsten filament, another wire goes down and
out of the bulb at the side of the socket through the metak portion. A neutral wire goes into
the lamp.
This is an elegantly simple system and producing light works pretty well. It is ideal for a wide
range of applications, inexpensive and easy to manufacture, and is compatible with either
AC or DC current.

Lamp Specification
Incandescent light bulb

Efficacy: 8 to 22 lumens per watt

Lumen: 120 lumens

Lamp life: 1,000 hours

Wattage: 40 watts

Applications

Desk lamps, table lamps, hallway lighting, closets, accent lighting, and chandeliers are
commonly used in incandescent lamps. They provide good color rendering and, in fact, serve as
the standard color measurement for all other lamps. It is quick to dim incandescent lamps. Such
lamps have the lowest initial cost and no ballast is needed.

CRI( rendering index)

Incandescent lights are considered to have excellent color rendering performance. For an
incandescent bulb with a color temperature of 2700 K, the color rendering index (CRI) is 100 (a
perfect score). As the color temperature rises, the ratings of CRI fall just marginally, but usually
remain above 95 considered an excellent rating.

LED

Circuit Operation

In the world of electronics, light-emitting diodes, often called LEDs, are the unsung heroes. They
dozens of different jobs and are found in devices of all kinds. We shape digital clock numbers,
relay remote control data, light up watches, and tell you when your appliances are switched on,
among other things.
Collecte
LEDs are simply tiny light bulbs that easily fit into an electrical circuit. But unlike ordinary incand
escent bulbs, they don't have a burn-out filament, and they're not getting particularly hot.d toget
her, they may shape objects or illuminate a traffic light on a jumbo television screen.
We are illuminated in a semiconductor material purely by the motion of electrons, and last as lon
g as a typical transistor.
Tiny LEDs now replace tubes that light up LCD HDTVs to make televisions that are significantly 
thinner.

Lamp specification

LED
Efficacy: 140 lumens per watt
Lumen: 2100 lumens
Lamp life: 20,000 to 50,000 hours.
Wattage:15 watts

Applications

LED (Light Emitting Diodes) is used mainly to illuminate objects and even locations. The 
use is everywhere due to its compact size, low energy consumption, extended service life and e
ase of use in different applications.

 TV Backlighting
 Smartphone Backlighting
 LED displays
 Automotive Lighting
 Dimming of lights

CRI

This score is also an indicator of naturalness, hue bias, vividness, choice, color naming accurac
y, and color harmony in the lighting industry to help differentiate.
  For most applications, lights with a CRI estimated above 80 are considered more than a
ppropriate.
 Lights with a CRI measured above 90 are generally referred to as "high CRI" lights.

Halogen lamp
A halogen lamp also uses a tungsten filament, but in a much smaller quartz container it is
enclosed. Since the envelope is so close to the filament, if it were made of glass, it would melt.
There is also a different gas inside the envelope— it consists of a halogen group gas. Such
gases have a very curious property: they are mixed with vapor of tungsten.
If the temperature is sufficiently high, tungsten atoms will be fused by the halogen gas when
they evaporate and redeposit them into the filament. This method of reuse allows the filament to
last much longer. Furthermore, the filament can now be run hotter, which means you get more
light per unit of energy.
However, you are still getting a lot of heat; and since the quartz envelope is so close to the filam
ent, it is extremely hot compared to a normal light bulb.

Lamp specification

Tungsten-Halogen Lamp

Efficacy: 37 lumens per watt.

Lumen: 6.5
Lamp life: 450 to 1,000 hours.
Wattage: 150 watts

Application

Halogen tungsten lamps offer correlated temperature of light, excellent maintenance of lumen
and fair life. Tungsten halogen lamps are ideal for use in application for outdoor lighting. In
particular, they can be used in lighting for sports, theater, studios and television, etc. Generally,
their filaments are mechanically stable and positioned with higher accuracy.
Halogen tungsten lamps are widely used as spotlights, film projectors and scientific tools.
Tungsten halogen lamp types are also available on the market for low-voltage tungsten filament
lamps. These are available between 3000 K and 3300 K at 12, 20, 42, 50 and 75 Watts. Their
lives range from 2,000 to 3,500 hours.

CRI

Tungsten Halogen: 3200k 95 CRI