Perceived Awareness of the School Rules and Policies to the Students

A Research Paper

Presented to

The Faculty of the Senior High School

MANGATAREM NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Pogonlomboy, Mangatarem, Pangasinan

SY 2019-2020

Mrs. Florence T Castillo

Research Teacher

John Lloyd Palomar Alvin Andrei Dancel

John Kenneth Sadorra Lorenz Tagadiad

Daniel Umabal Mayolyn Aguilar

Cecilia Ayeras Andrea Bondame

Clarisse Candelario Arem Evangelista

 Dearly Heart Elinzano Clarissa Mendoza

Jona Vert Olivar Donna Marie Moreno

Michaela Shane Moreno Karren Rosario

Crystal Quemado

Introduction
This chapter introduces the background to the research problem, the statement
of the research problem, research objectives. It also provides the significance of
the study and the operational definitions of the major terms used in the study.

Background of the Study

Student‟s discipline is a prerequisite to almost everything a school has to offer

students (McGregory, 2006).

Perceive is a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory

impression in order to give meaning to their environment (Robbins & Judge;
2009). According to Kinicki & Williams (2008) perceive is a process of interpreting
and understanding of one’s environment. Jones and George (2006) define
perceive as the process through which people select, organize, and interpret what
they see, hear, touch, smell, and taste and make meaning of them and order to
the world around them. Furthermore Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborb, (1997)
describe perceive as a process through which people receive, organize, and
interpret information from their environment. Secondary school students’
perceived on the school rules and regulations therefore, has much effect on the
way they obey and adhere to those rules and regulations.

Along with academic performance, school regulations ranks as one of the major
concerns voiced by the public about schools and the school system. There is a
perception and serious concern that behaviour problems are endemic in schools,
that teachers are struggling to maintain order, and that school authorities are
unable to guarantee the safety of students (Mutua, 2014). The world over,
teachers and administrators are daily charged with the responsibility of creating
and maintaining an environment conducive for teaching and learning.
Some of the school policies are part and parcel of school rules. School rules are
principles or orders which guide behavior in schools. Some of the rules include
being punctual, maintaining neatness and cleanness, living in peace and order,
being obedient to teachers, parents and the community, taking care of school
materials, equipment and buildings. In principle school rules and regulations
function together to ensure that school rules are maintained for the smooth
running of the education institution. Teachers believe that when students are
properly disciplined and controlled, there is order, peace and harmony in the
school (MANTEP, 1995).

According to Schimmel (1997, 2003), school rules and rule making can be related
to citizenship education. A vital part of education for school rules is an
enlightened process for teaching students the norms of citizenship. As Schimmel,
(1997) observes, “School rules are, after all, a form of law that applies to student‟
(p. 70). Schimmel (2003) however, argues that instead of encouraging active and
democratic citizenship, school rules as hidden curriculum of citizenship education
in many or most schools undermines the goals of citizenship education when
students have no voice in developing or revising them‟ (Schimmel, 2003: 18).
According to Render et al., (1989), the goals of school rules are to create good
citizen who (1) do good to others and do not harm others, (2) function well in the
society and live by its laws and norms, and (3) take responsibility and do their very
best.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study was to perceived the awareness of school rules and
policies of students. This study sought to answer the following questions:

1. Why is it important to follow the rules and policies?

2. Why do students break school rules and policies?

3. What is the purpose of school rules and policies?

4. Does the school rules and policies influence the life of students?

Guiding Framework

This study is based on McGregor‟s theory X and Y which is an alternative to the

classical organization theory of Max Weber. Theory X and Theory Y was an idea
devised by Douglas McGregor in his 1960 book “The Human Side of Enterprise”. It
encapsulated a fundamental distinction between management styles and has
formed the basis for much subsequent writing on the subject. Theory X is an
authoritarian style where the emphasis is on “productivity, on the concept of a
fair day's work, on the evils of feather-bedding and restriction of output, on
rewards for performance. It reflects an underlying belief that management must
counteract an inherent human tendency to avoid work” (Shawcross, 2009).
Theory Y is a participative style of management which assumes that people have a
desire to and should be able to contribute to the decision making process, they
will organize themselves and will take responsibility if they are trusted to do so,
poor performance is most probably due to boring, repetitive and tedious work or
poor management and that they enjoy work, seek satisfaction from work and
have many different and complex needs. It is management's main task in such a
system to maximize that commitment (Okumbe, 2008). Theory X assumes that
individuals are lazy, do not like work and are primarily motivated by money, they
need to be closely supervised and controlled or they will underperform, they do
not care and are not interested in the needs of the business, they lack ambition
and that they have no desire or ability to assist in the decision making process or
to take on any responsibility. They always have a ready-made excuse for failure -
the innate limitations of all human resources(Shawcross, 2009). Theory Y,
however, assumes that individuals go to work of their own accord, because work
is the only way in which they have a chance of satisfying their (high-level) need for
achievement and self-respect. People will work without prodding; it has been
their fate since Adam and Eve were banished from the Garden of Eden.Theory Y
gives management no easy excuses for failure. It challenges them “to innovate, to
discover new ways of organizing and directing human effort, even though we
recognize that the perfect organization, like the perfect vacuum, is practically out
of reach”. McGregor urged companies to adopt Theory Y. Only it, he believed,
could motivate human beings to the highest levels of achievement. Theory X
merely satisfied their lower-level physical needs and could not hope to be as
productive. “Man is a wanting animal,” wrote McGregor, “as soon as one of his
needs is satisfied another appears in its place.”Theory Y in its extreme form does
not work well. All individuals, however independent and mature, need some form
of structure around them and some direction from others. Theory Y can also be
criticized for its “inhumanity” to the weak, and to those not capable of a high level
of self-motivation. According to Theory Y, People don't hate work. It's as natural
as rest or play.

Theory Y on the other hand views a school as an organization with a head teacher
able to apply leadership skills so as to gain willing cooperation from teachers,
students and non-teaching staff through the use of rules and policies set by
management. In application of McGregor‟s theory to this study, the main
variables are school rules and policies for efficient management and
administration of punishments to students who do not abide by school rules and
policies and time management that refers to the effective utilization of time
allocated to individual activities in an education institution. These activities
include both classroom and outdoor work such as sports, gardening and cleaning
work or house work.

Significance of the Study

It is expected that the findings of the study will be beneficial to the following
teaching and non-teaching personnel: The study will be of significance to
curriculum developers in that it will help align the curriculum to address issues of
discipline amongst students in terms of the awareness of school rules and
policies. The content for this research should therefore be designed with a view of
equipping the learners with relevant knowledge that emphasizes on maintenance
of school rules and policies that the students enhances their discipline so as to
produce law abiding citizens.The Department of Education, is the one who is
responsible for provision of the legal framework under which secondary schools
should operate. This includes matters of the formulation of school rules and
policies. This study will therefore help in ensuring that the ministry reviews the
existing framework so that it enhances discipline through effective rules and
policies that will be execute at the school. This study will help school
administrators to come up with rules and policies that are effective and efficient
in discipline enhancement amongst students and the staffs.The public and the
parents have an interest in education having invested heavily in it. The society
expects good returns for its investment in terms of good academic performance
as well disciplined children. Unrests in schools would, however, jeopardize these
returns as parents are often called upon to meet the cost of unrests in schools
which is a result of indiscipline by the students. This study will therefore help in
addressing issues of student indiscipline and parents as well as the wider society
will benefit since the costs associated with student indiscipline will be minimized.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study focused on perceptions of HUMSS STRAND students on perceived
awareness of school rules and policies to the students. This study delimited itself
to Mangatarem National High School in Senior High HUMSS Strand, involving
students in section Socrates up to Plato. The study only focuses on students’
awareness to the school rules and policies and not the causes of these perceived
awareness to the school rules and policies. It also cannot establish if the
awareness are the only factors that determine acceptable behaviours. Another
limitation of this study is that, the results cannot be generalised to the whole
population of Senior High School in Mangatarem National High School.

Definition of Tems

Perceive - it is the way that to become aware of .through the senses; especially to
see, observe

Rules- a statement that tells you what is or is not allowed in a particular game,
situation, etc.

Awareness-knowing and understanding a lot about what is happening in the

world or around you.

Policy or Policies-management or procedure based primarily on material interest.

Perception-the way you think about or understand someone or something.

Significance-the quality of being important.

Allocated-to divide and give out (something) for a special reason or to particular
people, companies, etc.

Institution- an established organization.

Bibliography

Creswell, J. (2003). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative. and Mixed Methods

Approaches. SAGE Publications International Educational and Professional

Publisher Thousand Oaks London.