Supporting Information

APPARENT MOLAR VOLUMES AND ISENTROPIC COMPRESSIBILITIES OF

TETRAALKYLAMMONIUM BROMIDES IN AQUEOUS PROPANE-1,2-DIOL
An attempt to design hydraulic liquids
Wacław Grzybkowski, Dorota Warmińska*
Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology
Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
*Corresponding Author: Dorota Warmińska, e-mail:dorwarmi@pg.gda.pl

Table S1. Coefficients of Masson equation for apparent molar volume of Me4NBr in water and
in aqueous propane-1,2-diol solutions at temperatures between 288.15 K and 318.15 K.

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

water
288.15 K 112.577 ± 0.066 10.80 ± 0.80 0.068
112.05d
293.15 K 113.122 ± 0.050 10.72 ± 0.60 0.051
113.44d
298.15 K 113.756 ± 0.043 10.45 ± 0.52 0.044
114.05a, 114.41c
113.98d
303.15 K 114.607 ± 0.048 10.27 ± 0.58 0.049
114.88b
308.15 K 114.607 ± 0.031 9.62 ± 0.38 0.032
313.15 K 115.041 ± 0.041 9.59 ± 0.50 0.032
318.15 K 115.629 ± 0.050 7.81 ± 0.61 0.051
0.25 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 110.574 ± 0.049 14.60 ± 0.60 0.051
293.15 K 111.002 ± 0.037 14.80 ± 0.45 0.038
298.15 K 111.495 ± 0.053 14.50 ± 0.64 0.054
303.15 K 111.984 ± 0.047 14.70 ± 0.57 0.048
308.15 K 112.428 ± 0.026 13.30 ± 0.31 0.026
313.15 K 112.840 ± 0.039 13.60 ± 0.47 0.040
318.15 K 113.223 ± 0.053 12.90 ± 0.65 0.054

1
Table S1. Continued

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

0.50 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 110.197 ± 0.099 16.7 ± 1.3 0.11
293.15 K 110.365 ± 0.082 17.7 ± 1.1 0.083
298.15 K 110.638 ± 0.098 17.0 ± 1.3 0.10
303.15 K 110.821 ± 0.083 18.0 ± 1.1 0.084
308.15 K 111.058 ± 0.083 18.1 ± 1.1 0.085
313.15 K 111.301 ± 0.084 18.3 ± 1.1 0.042
318.15 K 111.612 ± 0.077 16.9 ± 1.0 0.079
0.75 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 108.973 ± 0.056 16.74 ± 0.71 0.058
293.15 K 109.252 ± 0.050 15.8 ± 0.63 0.051
298.15 K 109.386 ± 0.067 16.1 ± 0.85 0.069
303.15 K 109.623 ± 0.048 15.4 ± 0.61 0.049
308.15 K 109.717 ± 0.053 15.8 ± 0.67 0.054
313.15 K 109.875 ± 0.053 15.3 ± 0.68 0.054
318.15 K 110.452 ± 0.066 14.7 ± 0.85 0.068
propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 105.76 ± 0.10 30.3 ± 1.2 0.063
293.15 K 105.93 ± 0.10 31.4 ± 1.3 0.066
298.15 K 106.13 ± 0.16 32.9 ± 2.2 0.11
303.15 K 106.35 ± 0.12 31.5 ± 1.6 0.083
308.15 K 106.64 ± 0.15 28.2 ± 2.0 0.074
313.15 K 106.86 ± 0.12 27.4 ± 1.6 0.082
318.15 K 107.03 ± 0.12 26.7 ± 1.6 0.084
a - ref. 10, b - ref.14, c - ref.15, d - ref.6

2
Table S2. Coefficients of Masson equation for apparent molar volume of Et4NBr in water and in
aqueous propane-1,2-diol solutions at temperatures between 288.15 K and 318.15 K.

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

water
288.15 K 171.698 ± 0.065 7.60 ± 0.76 0.065
171.40d
293.15 K 172.30 ± 0.052 8.08 ± 0.63 0.054
172.22d
298.15 K 173.016 ± 0.099 8.0 ± 1.3 0.11
172.73a, 174.39c,
173.29d
303.15 K 173.576 ± 0.063 7.64 ± 0.76 0.065
175.93b
308.15 K 173.986 ± 0.083 8.8 ± 1.5 0.085
313.15 K 174.803 ± 0.037 6.93 ± 0.45 0.038
318.15 K 175.206 ± 0.060 8.31 ± 0.73 0.062
0.25 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 167.502 ± 0.074 8.90 ± 0.93 0.076
293.15 K 168.446 ± 0.047 7.86 ± 0.58 0.048
298.15 K 168.969 ± 0.044 10.0 ± 0.55 0.046
303.15 K 169.894 ± 0.062 9.56 ± 0.78 0.064
308.15 K 170.616 ± 0.043 9.33 ± 0.54 0.044
313.15 K 171.392 ± 0.054 9.35 ± 0.68 0.055
318.15 K 172.005 ± 0.031 8.55 ± 0.39 0.032
0.50 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 167.142 ± 0.065 10.24 ± 0.80 0.067
293.15 K 167.54 ± 0.12 13.2 ± 1.3 0.11
298.15 K 168.133 ± 0.073 13.38 ± 0.90 0.075
303.15 K 168.825 ± 0.053 12.84 ± 0.66 0.055
308.15 K 169.308 ± 0.077 13.98 ± 0.96 0.079
313.15 K 169.85 ± 0.13 14.8 ± 1.6 0.13
318.15 K 170.703 ± 0.078 11.69 ± 0.97 0.081

3
Table S2. Continued

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

0.75 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 166.556 ± 0.059 16.7 ± 0.72 0.061
293.15 K 167.017 ± 0.059 16.8 ± 0.72 0.061
298.15 K 167.548 ± 0.039 16.1 ± 0.48 0.040
303.15 K 167.850 ± 0.055 16.4 ± 0.68 0.057
308.15 K 168.491 ± 0.032 15.0 ± 0.39 0.033
313.15 K 169.054 ± 0.040 13.8 ± 0.49 0.041
318.15 K 169.422 ± 0.070 13.4 ± 0.86 0.072
propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 165.97 ± 0.12 17.4 ± 1.4 0.12
293.15 K 166.12 ± 0.10 19.8 ± 1.0 0.10
298.15 K 166.29 ± 0.11 21.9 ± 1.3 0.12
303.15 K 166.53 ± 0.13 22.7 ± 1.6 0.14
308.15 K 166.78 ± 0.10 23.3 ± 1.1 0.10
313.15 K 166.95 ± 0.10 24.3 ± 1.0 0.10
318.15 K 167.11 ± 0.10 26.1 ± 1.0 0.10
a - ref. 10, b - ref. 14, c - ref. 15, d - ref. 6

4
Table S3. Coefficients of Masson equation for apparent molar volume of Pr4NBr in water and in
aqueous propane-1,2-diol solutions at temperatures between 288.15 K and 318.15 K.

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

water
288.15 K 237.878 ± 0.074 -6.81 ± 0.89 0.074
293.15 K 238.744 ± 0.072 -7.12 ± 0.88 0.074
298.15 K 239.504 ± 0.055 -7.28 ± 0.67 0.057
239.72c
303.15 K 240.450 ± 0.061 -7.83 ± 0.74 0.062
241.92b
308.15 K 241.212 ± 0.057 -6.98 ± 0.70 0.059
313.15 K 241.970 ± 0.078 -5.82 ± 0.95 0.080
318.15 K 243.145 ± 0.084 -6.9 ± 1.1 0.086
0.25 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 230.48 ± 0.16 1.2 ± 1.8 0.16
293.15 K 231.59 ± 0.12 3.7 ± 1.3 0.11
298.15 K 233.34 ± 0.10 0.9 ± 1.1 0.10
303.15 K 235.05 ± 0.10 -2.0 ± 1.1 0.10
308.15 K 236.03 ± 0.13 1.0 ± 1.5 0.13
313.15 K 237.65 ± 0.10 -1.9 ± 1.0 0.10
318.15 K 238.35 ± 0.12 2.5 ± 1.3 0.11
0.50 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 232.20 ± 0.12 9.4 ± 1.3 0.12
293.15 K 233.575 ± 0.078 7.79 ± 0.87 0.079
298.15 K 234.468 ± 0.096 9.8 ± 1.1 0.098
303.15 K 235.69 ± 0.13 9.4 ± 1.5 0.13
308.15 K 236.900 ± 0.040 8.03 ± 0.45 0.041
313.15 K 237.88 ± 0.10 9.5 ± 1.2 0.11
318.15 K 238.99 ± 0.15 9.6 ± 1.7 0.15

5
Table S3. Continued

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

0.75 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 235.07 ± 0.12 10.4 ± 1.3 0.11
293.15 K 235.846 ± 0.070 10.9 ± 1.0 0.072
298.15 K 236.501 ± 0.089 11.9 ± 1.1 0.092
303.15 K 237.474 ± 0.026 10.75 ± 0.31 0.027
308.15 K 238.211 ± 0.041 11.81 ± 0.49 0.042
313.15 K 239.012 ± 0.041 12.09 ± 0.48 0.042
318.15 K 239.814 ± 0.038 12.57 ± 0.49 0.039
propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 235.626 ± 0.069 14.87 ± 0.80 0.072
293.15 K 236.237 ± 0.085 16.35 ± 0.99 0.088
298.15 K 237.051 ± 0.088 15.2 ± 1.1 0.090
303.15 K 237.575 ± 0.048 15.99 ± 0.56 0.050
308.15 K 238.22 ± 0.18 15.5 ± 2.1 0.18
313.15 K 238.784 ± 0.062 16.23 ± 0.72 0.064
318.15 K 239.31 ± 0.16 17.2 ± 1.8 0.16
b - ref. 14, c - ref.15

6
Table S4. Coefficients of Masson equation for apparent molar volume of Bu4NBr in water and in
aqueous propane-1,2-diol solutions at temperatures between 288.15 K and 318.15 K.

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

water
288.15 K 298.26 ± 0.13 -10.9 ± 1.6 0.13
297.8e, 296.73d
293.15 K 299.78 ± 0.12 -12.0 ± 1.4 0.11
299.0e, 299.39d
298.15 K 301.03 ± 0.14 -12.0 ± 1.8 0.14
300.38a , 300.2e ,300.73c
299.90d
303.15 K 302.74 ± 0.10 -14.0 ± 1.0 0.10
302.57b, 301.8e
308.15 K 303.86 ± 0.12 -11.7 ± 1.4 0.12
303.9e
313.15 K 305.04 ± 0.10 -9.8 ± 1.1 0.10
318.15 K 306.69 ± 0.10 -10.2 ± 1.0 0.10
0.25 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 290.0 ± 0.12 9.4 ± 1.5 0.12
293.15 K 292.40 ± 0.12 8.2 ± 1.5 0.12
298.15 K 294.51 ± 0.10 9.0 ± 1.0 0.10
303.15 K 296.47 ± 0.10 10.7 ± 1.0 0.10
308.15 K 298.44 ± 0.17 12.5 ± 2.6 0.17
313.15 K 301.04 ± 0.10 6.8 ± 1.0 0.10
318.15 K 302.55 ± 0.15 12.2 ± 1.8 0.14
0.50 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 297.18 ± 0.11 16.8 ± 1.3 0.11
293.15 K 298.835 ± 0.076 16.55 ± 0.92 0.078
298.15 K 300.675 ± 0.084 15.1 ± 1.1 0.086
303.15 K 302.606 ± 0.064 12.70 ± 0.78 0.065
308.15 K 304.550 ± 0.060 10.29 ± 0.73 0.062
313.15 K 305.818 ± 0.094 13.2 ± 1.2 0.096
318.15 K 307.520 ± 0.095 12.4 ± 1.2 0.098

7
Table S4. Continued

T/K 106 VΦ0 / (m3⋅mol-1) 108bV / (m9⋅ mol-3)1/2 106σ / (m3⋅mol-1)

0.75 mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 303.130 ± 0.093 16.6 ± 1.2 0.096
293.15 K 304.31 ± 0.16 16.8 ± 1.9 0.17
298.15 K 305.18 ± 0.14 19.0 ± 1.5 0.13
303.15 K 306.952 ± 0.068 13.31 ± 0.82 0.070
308.15 K 308.357 ± 0.043 12.20 ± 0.53 0.045
313.15 K 309.282 ± 0.066 13.52± 0.80 0.068
318.15 K 310.157 ± 0.074 14.90 ± 0.89 0.076
propane-1,2-diol
288.15 K 303.57 ± 0.15 14.7 ± 1.8 0.17
293.15 K 304.66 ± 0.13 14.3 ± 1.6 0.15
298.15 K 305.28 ± 0.10 17.7 ± 1.2 0.12
303.15 K 305.95 ± 0.14 20.5 ± 1.7 0.16
308.15 K 307.10 ± 0.12 19.2 ± 1.4 0.14
313.15 K 307.62 ± 0.12 22.8 ± 1.4 0.13
318.15 K 308.55 ± 0.13 23.2 ± 1.5 0.14
a- ref. 10, b - ref. 14, c - ref. 15, d - ref. 6, e - ref. 7

8
Figure S1. Relative deviations 100*(dexp.-dlit.)/ dexp ) between experimental and literature values

of the density of propane-1,2-diol as a function of temperature: (□) ref. 19, (
) ref. 20, (
)

ref.21, () ref.23, (○) ref. 24, (◊) ref. 25.

Figure S2. Experimental values of density for binary system propane-1,2-diol – water together

with respective literature values for 298.15 K: (
) our results, (
) ref. 20, (○) ref. 26, (□) ref.

23.

Figure S3. Experimental values of sound velocity for binary system propane-1,2-diol – water

together with respective literature values for 298.15 K: (
) our results, (
) ref. 20, (○) ref. 22,

(□) ref. 26.

9
Figure S1

0.06

0.04

0.02
100*(dexp.-dlit.)/dexp.

0.00

-0.02

-0.04

-0.06
285 290 295 300 305 310 315 320 325
T/K

10
Figure S2

1.04

1.03
3
10 ρ / kg m

1.02
.
-3

1.01

1.00

0.99
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
mass fraction of propane1-2,diol

11
Figure S3

1720

1700

1680

1660

1640

1620
. -1
υ / ms

1600

1580

1560

1540

1520

1500

1480
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
mass fraction of propane-1,2-diol

12