Rescue and Resuscitation

Apparatus
Classification of Rescue Apparatus
 SELF CONTAINED
 CLOSE CIRCUIT REGENERATIVE TYPE
 1) LONG SERVICE TYPE – A) COMPRESSED O2
TYPE B) LIQUID O2 TYPE
 2) SHORT SERVICE TYPE - A) O2 SELF
RESCUER B) COMPRESSED O2 SELF RESCUER
 OPEN CIRCUIT RESERVOIR TYPE
 NON-SELF CONTAINED TYPE
 FILTER TYPE – 1)DUST MASKS 2) GAS
MASKS 3) ESCAPE APPARATUS
 FRESH AIR BREATHING APPARATUS – 1)
PRESSURE HOSE TYPE
Classification of Rescue Apparatus
 OPEN CIRCUIT TYPE (COMPRESSED AIR)
 Description
 This type of apparatus enables the wearer to breathe
on demand from a high pressure air cylinder via a
lung governed demand valve, and/or a pressure
reducer connected to a full facemask. The exhaled air
passes from the facemask through a non-return valve
to the
 atmosphere.
Classification of Rescue Apparatus
 CLOSED CURCUIT TYPE (OXYGEN)
 Description
 In this type of apparatus the exhaled air is rebreathed by
the wearer after the carbon dioxide content has been
effectively reduced and the enriched with the oxygen
content of the cylinder.
 It is used with a full facemask or with mouthpiece and nose
clip and goggles.
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 Draeger BG-174
 Endurance-4 hrs
 Cylinder capacity-2
lts
 Capacity at 200 bar-
400 lts
 Breathing bag
capacity- 6 lts
 Weight of appt-
12.8kg
 O2 flow rate-1.5
lts/min
 CO2 absorbent-NaOH
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 Siebe Gorman Proto
Mark IV Apparatus
 Endurance -2hrs
 Cylinder capacity-3lts
 Capacity at 122bar-
382 lts
 Breathing bag
capacity -5lts
 O2 flow rate-2 lts/min
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 Aerorlox Liquid
Oxygen Apparatus
 Endurance -3hrs
 Liquid-oxygen charge
-2.9kg
 Oxygen flow rate-
12.5lts/min
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 Draeger Gas Mask
FILTERING
REAGENTS
 SILICA GEL- NH3
 CaCl2 -MOISTURE
 Caustite - H2S
 Charcoal –acid gases
 hopcalite –Co to Co2
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 Draeger Filter Self
Rescuer FSR-850
SPECIFICATION:
 Heat exchanger -149 -
65C
 Drying agent- Charcoal
impregnated with LiBr &
LiCl in 10:1
 Mass -1060gm
 Flow rate -94lt/min
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 SUCTION HOSE APPARATUS
FSR W65

Filtering reagents
 Hopcalite –co to co2
 Cacl2 -moisture
 Fine dust filter
 Coarse dust filter
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
BIOMARINE BIOPAK 45
 Made in -1993
 Endurance -45
min
 flow rate -3.6
lt/min
 cylinder capacity-
2100psi
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 DRAEGER BG-174A
 Endurance -4hr
 Cylinder capacity at
3135psi -395 lt
 Flow rate -1.5lt/m
 CO2 absorbent-
NaOH
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 DRAEGER BG 4
 Endurance -3-4 hr
 Capacity at 3135psi-
395 lt
 Flow rate -1.5 lt/m
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
 LITTON LITPAC II
 Made in-1994
 Endurance 2hr
 cylinders contain
1,036 L at 4500psi
Different Rescue Apparatus in India
& Abroad
Resuscitation Apparatus
 Resuscitation is the name given to the set of
procedures that are applied when a person is not
breathing, and their heart has possibly stopped. The
full set of procedures is known as cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CRR). Cardio relates to the heart and
pulmonary to the lungs.
The person whose heart has stopped (cardiac arrest),
or who is not breathing (respiratory arrest), needs
immediate treatment to improve the chances of
survival. As speed is a key factor in survival, the
treatment needs to be started before the arrival of the
emergency ambulance and, as most cardiac arrests
happen in the home or in the presence of a family
member, friend or colleague, CPR skills are essential
for everyone to know.
Resuscitation Apparatus
 DRAEGER PULMOTOR
 Mechanical method
using resuscitators.
 By using pulmotor
 cylinder capacity-2.5 lts
 capacity at 200 bar-500
lts
 Three main units
 Aspirating injector
 Oxygen inhalation mask
 Switching unit
Resuscitation Apparatus
 FS-324 Silicone
Resuscitator Bag
 It is a Silicon Resuscitator bag.
Resuscitator bag, in transparent
silicone autoclavable to 135
Capacity 1600 ml
Complete of ventilation mask
size 5
 Reservoir and oxygen
connection tube
 Latex free
Supplied in a practical bag in
textile with transparent frontal
Handle for transportation
Resuscitation Apparatus
 FS-095 FIRST
RESPONDER
 Airtight and watertight kit made
of thick polypropylene resin. The
container's special
characteristics permit to be used
in all extreme conditions. Filled
for emergency. Highly
recommended for the boat, Sea
Platform, Mountain fire brigade,
etc.
 Made of an extremely resistant
material, with great capacity,
there are 4 large external
pockets and internal comp
artments, supply reflective
strips. Size 45 x 31 x 31 cm.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
Zone Classification:
Hazardous locations are classified into zones to
facilitate the selection of appropriate electrical
apparatus as well as the design of suitable electrical
installations. Information and specifications for the
classification into zones are included in IEC and in
national standards.
If there are any doubts with the zone
classification, the scope of the protective measures in
the entire hazardous location should be based on the
highest possible degree of likelihood of the occurrence
of dangerous explosive atmosphere. In such cases
use of specialists is recommended.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Explosion Groups:

The gases and vapours are classified into explosion

groups. Classification criteria are the”Maximum
Experimental Safe Gap (MESG)” and the”Minimum
Ignition Current (MIC)”.
The maximum experimental safe gap is the gap width
of a vessel with an adjustable gap of 25 mm path
length at which an internal ignition of an explosive
mixture is not propagated to the exterior (IEC 60
079-1A). The minimum ignition current relates to the
minimum ignition current for laboratory methane (IEC
60 079-3).
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 The zones and allocation of equipment (equipment category
according to 94/9/EC) for the relevant zones.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Types of Protection
Intrinsic safety:
Intrinsically safe apparatus is designed and constructed
such that, even under fault conditions, the electrical energy
within the circuits is less than the minimum ignition energy
of the flammable atmosphere in which it is to operate. One
of the main benefits of intrinsically safe equipment is that
live maintenance within the hazardous area is permitted,
which greatly reduces the cost. If maintenance is required,
the equipment can be left in place, which saves time and
minimises plant downtime. Furthermore, cables can be
installed without additional mechanical protection, and this
helps to reduce installation costs compared with using other
protection methods.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Flameproof protection
Flameproof protection essentially refers to the
placement of all electrical apparatus within a special
enclosure that is capable of containing an explosion
that initiates inside. In some cases the enclosure has
a complete and perfect metal-to-metal seal at all
openings and the enclosure is capable of withstanding
an internal explosion. Other designs use special wide
flanges that enable any flame escaping through a
joint gap to be quenched before it reaches the
potentially flammable atmosphere outside the
enclosure.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Applications of Type of
Protection”Intrinsic Safety”
The type of protection”Intrinsic Safety” is based on the
principle of current and voltage limitation within an electric
circuit. The energy from a power circuit capable of causing
an explosive atmosphere to ignite is thus limited to such an
extent that the surrounding explosive atmosphere cannot
ignite as a result of sparks or inadmissible surface heating
of the electrical components.
The type of protection ”Intrinsic Safety” is particularly
used in measurement and control technology, as no high
currents, voltage and capacities are required here.
Intrinsically safe electrical apparatus and intrinsically safe
components from related equipment are classified according
to categories ia or ib. Equipment from category”ia” is
suitable for use in Zone 0, and equipment from
category”ib” for use in Zone 1.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Isolation of Intrinsically Safe Circuits from non-intrinsically
Safe Circuits:

 An important measure for intrinsically safe circuits is

the safe isolation of all intrinsically safe circuits from
non intrinsically safe circuits. Zener diodes, used for
limiting voltage, as well as other semi- conductor
components are considered to be susceptible to
failure and must therefore be safeguarded by means
of redundant components. Wire wound or sheet
resistors for current limitation are considered to be
infallible components (they have high resistivity in the
event of a fault). Therefore one single component is
sufficient.
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
Single fault safety:
In the event of the failure of one zener diode,
a second zener diode must take its function
(Category”ib”: one redundant zener diode).
Double fault safety:
In the event of a failure of two zener diodes, a
third zener diode must take its
function (Category”ia”: two redundant zener
diodes)
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Methods of Installation:

1. Cable system with indirect entry

2. Cable system with direct entry
3. Conduit system
Flameproof & Intrinsically Safe
Apparatus
 Cable systems:

Cable systems are mainly used in Europe. For this, high-

quality cables and lines are laid uncovered. In the case of
indirect entry, the cables and lines are conducted via cable
entrances into a wiring space in the type of protection"
Increased safety” and connected to the terminals also
provided in ”Increased Safety”. From here, the individual
wires are conducted via flameproof line ducts into the flame
proof enclosure. The line ducts are installed by the
manufacturer, with the result that, by contrast with direct
entry, a routine test of the factory wired flame proof
enclosure can be made. The installation engineer need only
open the wiring space for the connection, not the
flameproof enclosure with factory wiring.
 Direct entry
In the case of direct entry, the connecting lines are
conducted directly into the flameproof enclosure. Only
cable glands which have been specially certified for
this purpose may be used for this type of entry. The
flexible gasket and the cable sheath must form a gap
through which no flames can penetrate. For this
reason, attention must be paid to the appropriate
selection of cable union depending on both the type
and structure of cable and installation location. The
flame proof enclosure primarily depends here on the
care taken by the installation engineer when laying
the cables and lines.
 Conduit system
 In the case of installation using the conduit system,
the electrical lines are drawn as single wires into
enclosed metal tubes. The tubes are connected to the
housings by means of unions and equipped with a
seal at each entrance point. The entire conduit system
is flame proof. The aim of the seal is to prevent
explosions which may occur inside the housing from
penetrating the pipeline. Otherwise extremely high
explosive pressures would be created as a result of
pre-compression in long cylindrical tubes. For this
reason, it is recommended that seals be installed not
just at the entrance points but at specific intervals.
Drains must be installed at low points at which
condensate can accumulate.
 Protection for switch gear

 The most important type of protection for

switchgear is" Flameproof Enclosure”, usually in
conjunction with “Increased Safety”. Switchgear
does produce sources of ignition in normal use and
therefore ”Increased Safety” alone is not applicable
as type of protection for switchgear. However,"
Increased Safety”, in conjunction with" Flameproof
Enclosure”, cut a great figure for switchgear and
control gear. Modern, explosion protected
luminaries also use a combination of several types
of protection to achieve the best results with regard
to safety and economy.
 Modern flame proof enclosures
 Protective seals for electric
installations
 Flame proof twin solenoid
 The solenoid is provided for use on hydraulic plants in
mining industry when danger of fire damp exists. The
device is mounted flame-enclosured on the hydraulic
device. With this structure an actual heat conduction
is warranted. The interior of the twin solenoid is filled
with hydraulic oil and is exposed to high pressure.
Further on, there are two exciter coils in the interior
of the solenoid, whereas only one shall be activated.
The activated coil generates a magnetic field, which
executes a force on the solenoid's movable part.
Flame proof twin solenoid
 Explosion protected electric motors
 Explosion-protected electric motors are
used in industrial plants with a
potentially explosive atmosphere
containing inflammable fumes (vapours)
or gases (i. e. chemical industry, oil
refineries ...) as well as in mines where
methane is present.
Construction:
Electric motors are of totally
enclosed, fancooled (blow-over) type.
Cooling is provided by fans blowing
external air over the ribbed outside
surface (according to IEC 34-6).
Electric motors up to 160 frame size
are made of grey cast iron. Motors
frame sizes of 180 and more are
made of welded housing and the
terminal boxes of grey cast iron.
 Flame proof mining lamps

KL4LM(D) Mining Lamp LED Mining Lamp

 KL4LM(D) Mining Lamps
Features:
1)LED lighting source: LED light source offers more bright light with
less energy. The longevity of the LED system is over 50,000 hours
and not need to change the lighting source in the using life
2) Double light source design: there is main light source and secondary
light source and the secondary light source can complement the
light source when main source is damaged or beyond the
scheduled time
3) Security: the special electrode material which solves the problem of
inflammation and explosiveness provides security when people
work in the serious conditions like coal mine
4) Longer life: the average longevity of the lamp is 2 - 3 years
5) Light weight and small volume design with waterproof character
 Mining Lamp Charger Shelves
Features:

1)The headlamp (model: KL4LM(D)) can be charged in this shelves

2) The charge shelves are made of double face thin amour plate
3) Because of being adopted by stabilized voltage DC circuit efficiency,
it has the character of lightweight, high efficiency, and wide range
input voltage LED indicating crimple operation
4) Input and output voltage can be displaced on the digital meter.
Input and output current can also be displaced on the digital meter
and the process in change can be indicated by LED
5) It has many protected function, such as input over current and
under voltage protection; output over current and over voltage
protectionis.
 LED Mining Lamp
Product features:
1) Safety: water/explosion proof structure, high strength
housing, over-charging, over-discharging, limiting
current and short-circuit protection, anti-static
housing
2) Reliability: optimized structure design, solid lighting
source, professional / high efficient IC drive, special
accessorial light source design, free of maintenance
3) Portability: small in size, light in weight, portable to
carry, simple charging, easy usage
4) Efficiency: main lighting source 1500Lux in 13hours,
working hours 15hours, accessorial light source
working hours 30hours, usage life 500 cycles (in
reasonable working condition)
 Flameproof and intrinsically safe telephone system in
mining
Ericsson Telephones
Type N2982 has a stout cast case with inner door on
which are mounted the speaking equipment and
generator. The ringer gongs are protected from
damage by a cowling, and access to the interior is by
special key. The inner door is waterproof including the
generator crank gland. A protected water-proof
transmitter inset is used. The outer door fastens with
a slam catch and the rounded corners of the set are
another feature of design. The case may be obtained
cast in iron or aluminium. When the speaking unit is
swung out for use the battery circuit for the
transmitter is automatically switched on.
Type N2972 is of similar design but is fitted
with a hand micro-telephone instead of the
swing-out unit. Both instruments have the
same electrical characteristics and are
intrinsically safe for any number in parallel,
and when used with Ericsson mining
switchboards types N510, N515 and N550.
These switchboards, certified for use with
the telephones mentioned, are of very
robust construction and simple to operate.
Type N2972
Type N2982
Thank You