FINAL EXAMINATION

PROBABILITY & STATISTICS

ABDUL RAHMAN –01-131162-051

BSE 0A | FALL’16
QUESTION 01
1. Animal blood is grouped into four types. The percentages of Asians with each type are listed below. O = 43%,
A = 40%, B = 12%, AB = 5%. Choose one Asian at random. Find the probability that this person:
a. Has type B blood, (12/100 = 0.12)
b. Has type AB or O blood, ((5+43) / 100 = 0.48)
c. Does not have type O blood. ((40+12+1=5) / 100 = 0.57)

2. A couple has 4 children. Find each probability:

a. All girls,

b. Exactly two girls and two boys,

c. At least one child who is a girl,

d. At least one child of each gender.

QUESTION 02
1. There are four blood types, A, B, AB, and O. Blood can also be classified as Right-handed (Rh) and Left-handed
(Lh). Finally, a blood donor can be classified as either male or female. Using the tree diagram technique, how
many ways can a donor have his or her blood labelled?
2. First-year students at a college must take one Economics class, one class in statistics, a first-year seminar, and
an elective. There are 2 Economics classes to choose from, 3 statistics classes, 5 electives, and everyone takes
the same first-year seminar. Represent the possible schedules, using a tree diagram.

E1 S1 X1 FYS E2 S1 X1 FYS
E1 S1 X2 FYS E2 S1 X2 FYS
E1 S1 X3 FYS E2 S1 X3 FYS
E1 S1 X4 FYS E2 S1 X4 FYS
E1 S1 X5 FYS E2 S1 X5 FYS
E1 S2 X1 FYS E2 S2 X1 FYS
E1 S2 X2 FYS E2 S2 X2 FYS
E1 S2 X3 FYS E2 S2 X3 FYS
E1 S2 X4 FYS E2 S2 X4 FYS
E1 S2 X5 FYS E2 S2 X5 FYS
E1 S3 X1 FYS E2 S3 X1 FYS
E1 S3 X2 FYS E2 S3 X2 FYS
E1 S3 X3 FYS E2 S3 X3 FYS
E1 S3 X4 FYS E2 S3 X4 FYS
E1 S3 X5 FYS E2 S3 X5 FYS
QUESTION 03
1. Draw and analyze a pie graph for the number of coats a person has.
Number of coats 0 1 2 or 3 4 or more
Number of persons 52 40 68 40
Pie-Diagram (52/200) x 360 (40/200) x 360 (68/200) x 360 (40/200) x 360
= 93.6 = 72 = 122.4 = 72

Number of coats a person

has

Coats (0)
72 93.6
Coats (1)
Coats (2 or 3)
122.4 72
Coats (4)

2. Draw a time series graph for the number (in millions) of drivers in Pakistan, being 70 years or older.
Year 1982 1992 2002 2012
Number of persons 10 15 20 23

Number (in millions) of drivers in

Pakistan, being 70 years or older
25
20
15
10
5
0
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
QUESTION 04
1. Find the probability that in tossing a fair coin three times there will appear:
a. 3 heads,

b. 2 heads & 1 tail,

c. 2 tails & 1 head,

d. 3 tails.

2. Find the probability that in five tosses of a fair die a 3 appears:

a. At no time,

b. Once,

c. Twice,
 d. Three times,

e. Four times,

f. Five times.

3. Find the probability of guessing correctly at least 6 of the 10 answers on a true – false examination.
Containing 50% correct answers.
QUESTION 05
1. Suppose the weight of 2000 male students are normally distributed with mean 155 pounds and standard
deviation 20 pounds. Find the number of students with weights:
a. Less than or equal to 120 ponds,

b. Between 120 and 130 pounds,

c. Between 150 and 175 pounds,

d. Greater than or equal to 200 pounds.

2. Assume the mean height of soldiers to be 69 inches with the variance of 9 inches, how many soldiers in a
regiment of 1000 would you expect to be over six feet tall?
QUESTION 06
1. A university administrator studied the relationship between the cost of operating an academic department
and the total student – hours of teaching and supervision undertaken in the department, for eleven
departments for the most recent academic year. The results are summarized below in a convenient form:
2. Explain & solve the following:
a. Explain the concept of regression.
Regression is a statistical method used in finance, investing, and other disciplines that attempts to
determine the strength and character of the relationship between one dependent variable (usually
denoted by Y) and a series of other variables (known as independent variables).
b. Given the data:
i. Fit a regression line of X on Y & hence estimate X if Y = 4.5,
ii. Fit a regression line of Y on X & hence estimate Y if X = 12.

x y xy x2 y2
3 8 24 9 64
7 3 21 49 9
5 2 10 25 4
4 2 8 16 4
3 3 9 9 9
3 4 12 9 16
9 3 27 81 9
6 7 42 36 48
Total = 40 Total = 32 Total = 153 Total = 234 Total = 163