0.1. Turchnertel is Offecenbial an + devivelwe: f'Gd= SE = (vm Pleshl= Bled Hed fog Oe Sy OR Z — slope of « farkion + cone bends f lems =0 + powers: Asa rt + exponentials oes ael 32 > Loe t z salx] ~ coy» Z Cax= ~sax (aft + bgla)] = aft roe ~ Cneariy + penduel eal: £ (Pld-gla))= ab Ey 4 pee ke/atel — gle) + quolanl p&)> iy peat 5 2 Plglal) = a 4 > Fle) gil gf) hed + gh W la) hil) + chain rule Be plul= ghd k's) O2 Turdemenbal Raley oF lnbugration File fae el Fd ofl) primilia (indefinite —inbegual = dela FW = Gls) = plod t lea, r Jdv flel2 EOb)= Fla) > aren under famelioh ~ Differtiation is a dechnigne, integral 9 an ad Shorts Bete aa Sodoe x2 (all te “linearity © Side (afl + bald = of de Pld +b Sabegh) + parti ialegra tion Sd t'ld glide pl gh) -f gl fields aber+ suboditadion: (© chain yale] Sd Bgl stl J dy Ply) with y> gl) HE = gly s imaginary units iz? j*2-7 + complex amber’ 22% iy we Ree ye ine “pole re prorentilon: p= re'® + modules labsolele value) es oferty” + argument (phase) @> ave dan % + complex conjugdh: E, 2 2 2 K-iy Thine Alge bre 11. Mabrices and Line Mappings onside the fulowig mappa, [xian by pay (¥ }-( I l(}) { yr erady @ GH le ally + geomeleie interpretation : paint Pelay) in Carlesin coordina in Iesrsforned inly — P'xy/) . ro) Tsrelanenfsl__ Mabix opevatlons Any geraml toabric ten be wiitlen to Ye vuperpoition of 5 bese toa bax op mal gpuce gta oy: O= (bo, Az (9), B42), C7 (01) TV stcleh (}e(° alta “bare He Steels paramelus in x andl y divert eo Pdlabin (P(E 2e) (3) @ in the volelim ongle-+ ovthegora( —trare ferritin ( conserves Cergth ancl angles) ZReblecho (CIF Ge Sa Ia] te ao te it > orbhyonal — Laon froma hen Slay (Fh 3) 6) tr 5 in the cheav pacaneles & Proven (ECG) m0 (HEU IG) yee wnat 0, Ma hig = geomebrc interprelalion: the defermiual of a nv» Mala conespondy +2 Fhe change of Velam Fi the ecdim unit corbe bh Qedinansins del (2a)? ad- cb ‘i mM G 4 ] (0,2)-3(9) (0.7) (2, 41 (1 (2.3) (4k G4) PPY ona yS 125 6 Tere del Anz -2 [minus sign due +e mirroring) by 3- dinenssns La places Forrmla « [igs + a] ti} — b|é [+ |‘ ‘| ghi a sloaishl for mun contrac lion principle : ex pond along ote row ey column generalization Ved Levon: Petes ‘ f ie > peri Thal clieey Land hor Signy Shots inky of 4 do n~clinansions16, Barts of Mobi Algebra Abrim (Mz (mi) te be «run muiv with elemenh mj 1 Seales malt ol caten kM (em) (each element ts maldiplid by the Scolar k) Be k(ft)> (ee) LAMddibion of reabrives ~ Given L rubrics Mend MV of the sume chinensis bo MEM 6 = mj try (e2)-{2 8) (92 5) 3 Mabeix tou ldipliuahin Given 2 mafrices Marl M with the rumbe of coleman of M equal te the numb of yom of N. PeMN > #, > 2D ny hy eb Mele: MM + AM (mwy'> Wm (Baas P28] 4 Temsponk and adjoint _mudrices: exc hing rows and clams = real cae: im eR Me ley i > (m,] Cees bb) = (5) © an wl ce ¢ ~ comple case? mj C Mt = (mj) = (mj?) adicnd= teanspoen and Complev conjugeled B ()% Fs) imi,2 9) teach malic con be yewriblea a5 ¢ Sam Of a Symmebric guid onbisymnelric mubrix Az Ayn An, — Ay? 4 ( 444") Aad (4. 4’) 6 version Gan a non-siguley squme robin M of dinsion Ar MM > We (33) a k (Eo At robin leeep Coley big Cofaclor of a matic elena) gs Gy =e" I> ee (Pe 4a [tt -o\l. 9 fa -b wo, 7a [4 y= ate: ( } e (il de (GT) eek. TL Tonce of a mabrix Be 4,2 4) = ei -fh Giveh a sghave males M of dimension n Erace: sum of cAiagonal elenenis Talk om, vals: Tel) = Tela) Te (aM4+a| =u Ty (M)+ TAM) (laearly) win] = LVM) Tol MW 0) = TulWPan\= Tel PMN) (eyelic Pormlalions meg = 140492 45 691.5. Eigenvolue and Eenvetlys of « Mulrie + reabrices Aescrite (neay transParmabons Of vecters Are Hen vectors bor whigh bre feansfornalin charg ape) the long) of Phe vector? olka: = MG AG e a Be siamiscly (cae tol chang ite allirn water Jaap > eigenvalue egmiehs 12 sleek hl Yow to find eizpnvelues Me 2hG zANG > ([M-At)Gzo “trivial golubon: F=O offer Golations® 9 syolem of equithiny mart be Linerly cepmalend del (MAN 20 —> chante lerivte pelyrrom in solution om fhe eigenvalues (2-A)[4-A)-6= A*~52 -2=0 Gyshe coupled Uneay egattons a 20 4 aA 2 ex: ate (32) data-anla|"S da + Spe ot Boat Sa JB a= ee How fo find the corceoptollig EM 2 equaling: — Mia= it fou euch eigen vedue Save the syokin of couple (rear Ai de abtain the cone sprudiy cigenyocton Uj Nal: -1P 9% iy an erpoualse, all ad (040) are alo eigenvoctors (Motnal. ib pomibe) th guneral « — cipmunclan are wot peaptrdicnlar ty eack other (only for Symretic und Jerribin rwabyrces) Lb. Mubsiv Diag onalireton Consider ob Qa tmatrix M with eigenvely, Aq A ant exgpnveles 0/3, Mi,- 1,5, 2 m~x)22,[2 se Ye AW, (7) Cs) c=(o,.a,)2(% *) te Mahe & ale)> alt Fabfetala kit PMC = (As, aya] (a.0) (0 i ) = Cp) [mally oth C7 with D> (75) C2 (6,4) c'mc = 02D lafeni 21 bemebne Sores dod bale Geometrit Proyressinn [Stquence: a, aaagi 1G, > ag” Ex: +Popalabion of cerluim bacderin = money on a bunk account with fixed jabenyl vale amy Seri cgtonebne serus : F agh = a4 ag tagie- wo * partial sum: Sy 2s agh = atagte-teg” I] eo, gh 9g tage tag’? UZ} on (7-4) S24- ag” qn? we et” One 4 qt? a 447 yn som of infile sores G2 Lin 5,7 Lin bys { t won| akg | 424 be Rafe Be = % 12/2) 3/3) + a= 3g 327 convenes sete cg ei 2 (21) ] sm bg 32 1-4 4 3 Ex: Repeating clecina' OF853162 = OS 4 O295F74+4 0, 000000 285 374+4- 205 +0285 (14 106490"| 20285778 gz 10" D2GT I~ = Briere 2 em 24 py 72S 2.2. Convergn} onl _Oiverqud Sores: A srits is comuyenl if the sequence of parhnl gums Sp Conveges be « Fine vale: $= lon Sy Suey of the sri) * Remaindy of He series: Ryne 9° Linn Pa bon (5-4) =$520 meBe D42e 64 GL georelric sees with a27, g22 DS 2+ 4G = 5-7 2528-7 92-7] dhengent bert Ex $= 9-949-9 27-(14.7-7 4) 21-5 DD YZ Conye vgeuf? 23, Crvenmence Teo! 1 Preliminary teub (f Pov Zien He fans cle nok tenth bo rere, lin, $0, the Sey deny Note: lim n>? AD Gories conveng, noe d Sas ee lin ans TED senen chives En: Take an Ze 2 En 44 +34 an= ig Gm Gr Pe AD Stywence comers to O ats > nothing con he Sei ubml the convtapnce of Phe sevis LX Comgurisn test + A serie, Zien in absolulely convergent, iP the Series S la) Fs Convergent UB ole conveys ancl legl® ley! Yn 2b0 « Hen E Ubu) conveges Uf Zloal chsames ond Uhl Zl) Yaa» Pn 2 lel caens Ext hgemonic series 2 2% 2144+T ign. 274343424443 + 442 244 sf 1 2 oe ° le + Abiglutely convergent series Tlalie > 2 nee Proof! a> 4 lag) =2 O44 len] S Dla] > 06S lashul |g 22lol > Zaez ale3. thbagral test: (Mac laarin~ Cancby leo) “IP PCL A> Ry io a mmobrzely chantry fein with Fla) =A, then z, an canyagee [Aivaages — usher f Ax ple) comvapsl divers be be 3 pla fled =I) dvegel Chamme s) 9s} > Geap ae BF fae £00" pers p70 bin, ( + pened |, per: p72 ling, Po Converge, )Ure disaays alo > & helio Joop Fora rite Par fe the valie p> [| ps 27 ~> 2105 diverges Ip p= be Pn = nk ~ begt uncorclusive <1 serie, cConerges, we} 2 7 cone lasie Peon lkb SS? on Ex: Mr IN» 5. Atkemaling sores tes! (loibnis crifpritn]: vallenliy sern Z ley 20 “An allaraling seri Coney, aa, Ela] and lim a9 bal 2 2 eZ sada PFs dal 24 Sela lie > 0 comegeal noe 2.6 Cocbbioally Corverten) sores, “A comenpnl Serieg Hal 9 pot ubsddulely convegen) is condilionlly converge! + reordering: ~absolully Comeger! do wel chogs Hbeir sum whe Yeorderd + wedbonlly converpnl Series may clurye Hei Sa0n2 “7 Be FT 7 244-4 (conctbenly converge, $e buemtnic sri 7 Assame Yd ye sand He gum tobe $= 25 Vos me 44d ate 2 42 d4- 3 €76 3. add roar positive tems such thud 4 qld wore raga bie teens gah Lu} $295 Sn 215 2.5 Power bevies . Fort 2,4 yx 44,24 + + Convaryence ofler logkd with velo tes? 2 Be Ful gelSlale Sl i 3 ee Pl] Sl= [SL = bet > coca, for le Special Copy: 271 TRHL~ <1 9 Comengnl kee7 = 4-9 = <> divenunt = convergence radius: — 1247 bum of a power Serie ig a fanchion : Slr] = 2 ax” * diflrnbalin/ mbegelion con be clone form by team (convenance /emring uncle nged 4 Lark of See Eieg re tyZ an fer? + a Power sorite in unigue + poner serie, can be adedlowbleclillnald / liv. The conmngre vadus may chang. 2b, Gepurtlag Taran ir. Peres Series Assume the exislene of a pomr Serie, whrox Sunn conver, to « fanction pli) Fx) = Zz Onx" > Ug 4 be te oo — fad, Pill = ey +2uet 3ag xe > fr « Mile 24a, + Blayy te Pz 2 Far p72 6! a, to 2? a= HWbn Gomral:— Plsl> Fy] + fled) + & Fb) ln-rod> SE Ss) Male: scamargince mis! alvays We forked + nok all Lanctions can be expanbd in Tayloy seas Pr Pde2 al 20 Plo lar) af 20 a Tayler expeniin does rok necessarily conveng te the flnubin Conaryence vadics cane O) Pe fil oP tad vo benef (0)20 a Tafoy very "> 2 EX xe lalagc) = fore ~12x67 xe? sialx)= dur a xek Dnt ald: Der i xe 3 _Diflrentiabion inn Dintreions 3.1. Pavbial Dovivelivey ard Yolal Dif fornbiel Of Sealer Tunchons * Consdbr a furction Fly) IE OR of Lidepaled varabls ray «The derivative of f wilh resped to one of Hag variables is call porfial devivebing 2 Evy): Abr]. |, Fle hy) ~thy) ax he h 208 Bx: Pleyl= x’y - ” a > bry > yee » 9,Pby/= 3x?y ~ye™ tee per? Welny)e x? — xe"% ay? Of 3yt~ eo xy eo” Ikdy 20 poner ser: flyy)= z4 Fl E they) 2] Poll,Tolal_differertial: [a= fle) « Loon deat 2s Bd ig the tohal clllnafial of 2- + boneyal:s abox us flea el =) des te an, Asoume phat xzalt), bat Frere is nd explicil expesrion in teums off elena, pura Bx. xt >t ULvnscenlent eguetion) Uh fo eblan Ure abrivabses? —2 beplicid chffuerkehn dh x . 1 Rte deny => sul Bee Tre Dod derimber Kte% K+ eR? 0 » i 4 oe ¥ (Melt eae? x F (ne? 33 Mable Colenloy Reminky Consider 2 veclns ia trata yrs beht thy the + scalar pedeck: b22 a,b, * peel (ever) praduat = ley by bag) x + [ag Be — byte) 7 tlacley — beay] 2 © Deffren feel ops Mae) ~ thelidyramies vi xh sph esh ~@ 2 2/7 am Oe ap tor be Jeafed 0 veulw T adunt V applied te 4 at faclin Pbayre) grdbe (#, # Rye gr “The grader of 4 oecler Feld in perpendiculoy $9 ta isosur faces and pointy in the dracon of sleepeal avient “LES length corresponds by He slope in th dinchion9 appltd to @ veclo ful flyer) = ( ff wy] flay Divergence ital * Coresponds 16 4 scala product bobnten 2 vecles dik = 2. Playe| = 2 perk ht zg Pe a phe chieente of « reily fold» « seaby Nole: $-PB make, ong , fo prakey ne sense unlem applied te ofl field “The drarprie eacribs oinks end sounes Of veckn Feld: ie oi duro difeo duke 3 bud lava! 9 epled Joe vecdn Pald Hoa=( a) felnyall * cortepnds 10 a crom pradud belneen L veel ft tb Fecud F > ontlaye)= (Gh Be Bh 06 | Fe 7] The cu i ‘el curl deveviber vortices of a ecto field OG rel F0 woh} 40 -ainks ard seuvees of a svaler fold Pley,2) ab arp = vibe) = MG a Be “wale Laplacion’ (mathematical ponsente | ates in Physics Px(SxP) > HOS) + S F oprah, * oly + ae I eplecion Einvlei Fin convents i= 1 ~ repeal indices an Gurmed prev be ab Sabah — oAeL tao x or (3 »1 if (igh) even Parma tabion Cirjske Je 1223), (2, 3,2), (2.2,9)), = Levi~Civike symbol! Tr arr ot ie Gj 294), Baird Uaall 0 ebe ( ex4),= Dey Be > 4, IM wher sie may Yo calculate “Mable dentifes’ Ex: valle 120 the cul of all guclind Prald, ie. frald uviniy from ct senler ule [orl Polk = Gin % (Wel? ty jiu Me = - Fig 4H e>- Siu 8 i @ =Le>log)), > Lvelvel]; -0 Dx (ry) = (0,22-DeDy) Gv HA ~Ade)y Y + BB, ~APedp 7? =6 Nable —idenbites Gian ee. sealer folds ard AB. val Feles + distributive popertieg: el edu) = verry pl4iB) = pt 4yB oAG+ 8) = S04 Gab = Product rales second — devivafives: vie-y) =’ re +eru Bxleg)=0 —— v-lvxd)=0 vledl= Fvererd ¥- (ve) cae velef)> (oe)xA 4g Pat Dx(ox4) = (9-4) -aF & AxB)= B:(8x4)~ Alon) 3.4. Diechinal Derivatives Conrider uk gcalar furchion Fx, y.2) ow dees it chong ben moving fromm Pain! (0, Jp, 2o) in 4 Cerdein aulion 2 (Whit jy the lop in Yul ghee on’) = dinctoral derivabiee: de Phill Het Plow +$un Yor 9-4 sah = flava dy ey, Seo + The covrcliahe, can be vith, a a function of § ‘esx(s)=Xor sun ¢ lolz ots uy, 2bl=e +54, * Caleulale derivation with respect te 5 Ube derivate ia dhackm of u) HOWE ek RR a By By = lof Dy thsya)> (ve)-a If Gt prals aloy a diecln with (ypz0 lisosurface) then (ot) t,=6 > gpaenl in perpercboular to He ireesFrcy op fhe polenbal G Inlegrabion ina Diversions 41. Vln _toleqls trolalion for mel tiple iaheyraly of Scalar urchins 20: fae fay play) 3D Jad JAS de Pyalefd’e Pls) mo: J dxréls) * defn bv [Leal 4 UD Ja J Ay fey) > can aloe be He ether vay voundl vi Pru ond prin Pov yy Salt Ex volume of bedy f 1 ve fas = Slade = jas Je ; a 2s Efe Uy dy 7) Ale 2] t Fhxn 3x2 rl = un 42 Charge of Nasiables ard! Jacabians Busine the fellewing (ays) ae ceed (ys) old hew We le, vevleisd) wewlr,o/lUne dees Phe velame e-lomen clang ? Sida dy ch Plaw) da: dy re dy x be Af Mele red dys datz wh & sinbedace akon wah — J feil-(E #® iM ULE Jacobion watn* a Mind) Re AbD Pluss) = vedume Folegels fold dw flavors falvde dl Ex: Fram Covbeaion bo sphencdl cnalnaliy x= ely hele v- snk ong ye ylecele ve snk sing EF x (y e,¢)=r ose 59 heen y Wt Woy 4h ainly g.[ Sit Re vo cas sing Visine (Oy oO Copa 1S Je Wionblsie ocy + ate sity) to tan tl ok +524] a ly > vgine = JASay Joa Playa lf fde Se Asin® ple ee] 43 Lip Indes A.Line lbegril of the Let leal , Whit iy the baglh of an eve 9 Sd coe rb) is axplilly Uogom s)as = JYallbT = = Silay ~ fi vi syny |cag 2: perame bie repriontelon for x and y = xt ly f a de SH 2a} ay ot Jase Ja vee yal Cine tadygral of he Piel bil Ts Sab Plsle fade VTay” Poll) = fal eoh yah ently) Ex: ave lerylr of a pura bola : yeax® yb) 2dax 0) hp poe ef pete OE ary jor dep, Jobe fo er” [ga] =f Bal ams ELLs walt, ° a * d aA (ap, VEG tarsthl Lap) Bx: flylexy —inteyale aly a WAP cieck with mading= $ Js flay) = 2 Pacame ln aaubion: { ee ~Bere§ dh neomt Hmvot (4) eG). 2 Sas ploy) = fae Mu-togh esd = tou) & feu 2h!" = R274) 20 2 a 5 Qbre lnlugmlr of Vee second kind line inftgral etlorg a veckor piel De Sdé- Boor) with Bayle (2) Az($) ~ 09. werk ina force fold: We fal Be Pyle Rye path ve bed ye Zt} sleight Coe {aed dye Slt Axk+dy 9? Al AYAWSConservative vecor fields (B the veclu field FOS) ig suk Hart vxf=0 [cuit Poe), Ya Phe Cie Hegel JUG iy wlopednk of the pots art depends Only on the end punk of the path Prof: We tave Dx f=0 ‘Soles We haow pxleg) 50 = pep Jb = fog db = Sy > ofB)-3l F {deel deve of tlong He polly 4h Sather inlegeals + leh dA be the infinilesion surface elemen! of & (2D) sufrce in, and lel ¢ be He angle formed by dA and He x= plane => Jaa af oe Ih Cop =[R-Z] cosy Sucfare normal vector ~ ourface gunn by — Olnyer) = corgh — Cistourface) 70 in «veel normal to He surface: > asee (pp-3l _ 4 (2 Comegquolly fu dhe org cof * = Giz Jue f Savy ERED oe ~ Ev surface of « 2D pambelod a= x4 y* Oley,2 = xty-2Eo) Wo, By Raq 4. Peele = Jahon ak ce ea Jats fae dy Sears G7 of fr Ver? = 2G] = Elen") GS. lak heojom § in 2. 5 Remade: Pideraal Fhemem of caleales : f dl $e >Flb)-Pla} = grraliztion 40 high, olmensing- Asem Z easly inet furlins’ lxyl, @lay): ORY Lee 2 ihdys fala & 7 = fasted - Poiye)] 4 x =~ Side Play] fide Pry) > —f de Pos oP itead Sx thid > fat lin gal Ce Adel lower parhe. uper pert © d vy) BR [yl Many) =, y) ant logously : J Bay dy = Sot de 3, J ‘J Ag e XY) = JM dy +f dy Oefty) = F dy Blob) d oF é a ab bans Heoem Saad ($e a Special con yrclw Bald * 2D dongre: ehee Properly of the path ayer bal weds 42(3, Pde + @ dy =~ B che +B dy = (Re +BY )(dya—de pe B tds > Drwrgnce (0) Pa: SO Bde dy = Joma a Ma ae dis BeO Special com 2: veel falls B= BR +B-9 = (R= Pea Ove (5) Hn Be ft a Be OB (BeB]S ae Plea Ody = ree. Bly = Be Stole, hear: d (onb) Bde dy = f Bde raariniban Kubulle k @gnaul. com carl fie diaggre fue G8Gb lalygrel Henne in 3) = essenlally — generalization, of the 2D versions D_Djvermpnia Heer Z fuvba= fa Aa The Ae alee ae ie Vega ¢ en He Plax of A Horan the surface 9 of V Pxktyp ead — Tle of A tvoigh the wrfece of a spre (rads 2)? A dh dA, femety+ 21414923 x Tad J lect) 85 ove a hamish x? + y?e =a? 220 5 Shot Howe: [(ordlias: § fal ° Nak yea bout the surface inlegal con be evalunkd using Ary surface the! is basrcbel by 25, fir inshyce aloe the one Had i ying 2 ty ey plne with Re 8 (xa) wz (ona) es $e sated faslona)g 2-3 Sds 23mat 3 Grom _boalites Arsame A= Ory with 2 sealer felds 0 and V v(00y)= (v9) (DY) +P ay Twat Com deadly: [dV (L00) (0) + 00) =f deatorm) v Vv Analayaisly for 22006. ubstact beth equations Secird aeen identity: fav (0 av-vad) = F454 -(Ovv-v 7d] v w5 Comp le bya 5.1 Complex Mumbers ~ imayinayy une) 172-7 js AF Ex: veols of pay uomials: tmpinilk (0 xe R 2 2ap2e0 aca? =f qt; ifee€ Campke qumbis: 22x4iy ye yee yelve Compl plone: 22 flay) ER xtiye€} + gular represgnfufon deve _. [% sng EX tiysrlose tiong]= re? Compl _conjugafim B2 xpriy > Mar-j¢ } eoye'% ~ ae re in gprteol simply obbird by elry imi talionalixalien Of complex rumbers: Ex: 4 t 241) “peal pat: — Rew =F (a ya% imaginry parti Ime? 2 (a-2*) ~ phe: gs drclenlel no unique became G—>¢¢ 21m ie deny nol chong ve" 5.2 hety ter flz|2 Dar by ot FR eater dy a) re in oe ral ead 9? bon Pa? le [* lm ( mle bs 2 lay 2-1)" at fen) 6? 5 Leenildisk of conveggnce wip vadiny 3 conlenh al ~ 14 5.3 Complex Ponars, Reoly, and _leprthns la the Palominy we asyune 220” =) wslex pola vepreanlan 2-4 / welarcbalvet)> lav t(ne” Hlavt ie nz elavtig + produch: 24 %,=e"-e =o" => baloy ay F tal 25/4 (ale) = ovnct ny + Compler leyuribhe ig nal unicpe ! ~ wnfivitely many gelation w fev the egnalin gaze” with foul 2 we laa 2 (ly 4£6G 42nhi ne 2} maldvalusd faction wot te Bee bpcone 2° 2e"* sy -€€ o™ eR @ is a 2a period Vayieble + Riemann surface with a bret cad along Ry (spiral staircr) principal value of the loptrithn fav ected) Gr bh eb Benin rhe!) = fovers andl vole of compl numbers: a®> 0°" —> usually” woh unig . nana lag nail eH (ign pe (Bade Be fee = @ ze Sgt tem ef 4 telat, Mellor & (EA) (ELTA) Ex fir i t= ese te " fl tia ew iM 47 Since ETE tla we baw > te 2 Ali) 5.4 Complex Tviyorone bie Tue lions Enley frrmulas elt = costed igny = co @ ~ sing Coy = Zleies é*) say “Zi (e-e) Thee relabions Con by une to yortvalize trigonometric furclion ty she compl plow co 4s" snzeZ (# <*)Ex: cole 2 (e* +e") 4 (27 4 Joe 4563.27 madeo) il § #ilol2) Be ale loa) = Bee oF a] ay tre -2 lars) 4 W + all Trigmnthic. formule apply alse fin He comple cate. 55. Upwbdic Lure Lion sinhle) > 2 [x-e7 Coshl x)= tle 4] Cores caliz] sinh x =i¢inh liz) * They oley Phe Palening vale Coe een e>1 =) corh'l2) -sinhle)=7 a gree ae 1 sisha seoshe Aoki Bb. Compler Function of a Complec Vbnuble shel us Game ey ER 50 Hut 2=x+iyE€ “Leb uy considey tave cont. chit, farlor bey) ,vloy) + IZ P We con _sty thot fle) in a compler Partin of a complex vue PRE pletiy)> whey) +i vis) Ee: Peis 2% bay}t= bey)* tiny Then: whey) = xP? vlay)e dxy G2. Doviyatives o Complex Tanclions We wal ibe te hove file> ZF Wha does Hs vetPlrb= lor iy) >> ae 2 Re a Ox. metal tae ee a de by | ae +A fuctin 1a)! CoO is beid te be aralype (haomephe) tr ce region DL of the campkx plan if (al aly if) Plel has ¢ unique devivelue for each 2,6 2 + Moreowe ! Pla)= Ply ziy) =u bey) tivbew) Hodes; ee det et, WR Rt Cauchy Prondon elibons, Abs Re es Nake Fle) to anolybic if ond only, if it rosprcls the CR telalims allamabin dentin: Pa) % ambled ard oly E Sin apan Pred ®P 2,2, Boo Bu Ph) ats lesiytelty ri aey an 2 <0 % Ma, Gere Serta 7a 9 9 Ex $e) = Rex 22 (ee) Phe l=% Bs 4 40 00h ont fe t4 Boo ho>-h 5-8. Content Infespals + We wart te untertunt the meaning of an ralyrsl af « compley foncbin long a poh fC y “ Defan® 20> Jie We then baw: 22> ple) “TP feel ig analy bc, Hhen DUP) rast be anolyte * Paremelrigalion of the path, trang fren the integral vw & path in He wompler plone into a Cine calegal of compler functionpal 2 x4) ~> fleas = Sf pou # at h 7 Bet fle) = Sy Pelh cicle umd 2 wit ein p Param efrization &=2e)= % +P ef Tha: plelgll =sor- *fe* vet do= F de zip et de a a Ure f Pte) dy sfdedei peo fd ri C a 4 — infeyal over a ingle pele —> becomes imporbont (elew