Pedigrees

Sarai Ramirez
 • Objective: SWBAT understand what pedigrees
9th Grade are and what they are used for. They will be
able to read pedigrees, determine the genotype
Biology of individuals in the pedigree, and create a
pedigree from information provided.
 Genotype- the genetic make-up of a single,
individual organism.

Phenotype- the physical characteristics of an

individual organism. Determined by the genotype.

Before we Allele- one of two or more forms of a gene.

start…
Homozygous- having two alleles that are identical.

Heterozygous- having two different alleles.

 Dominant Trait- the phenotype of one
allele in an individual is masked by
the other allele which is dominant.

Recessive Trait- a phenotype that is

expressed when an individual has two
More Vocab… recessive allele.

Sex-Linked Trait- phenotypes that are

coded for by alleles on sex
chromosomes (X or Y-Chromosomes)
 • Pedigrees are diagrams that are used
to map out the genetic relationship
between individuals and other family
members.
What Are • Pedigrees are normally used to map
Pedigrees? out genetic disorders that may be
represented in offspring or individuals.
• The genetic defects that are
typically mapped out are recessive
or sex-linked traits.
Pedigree Affected Female
Symbols
Affected Male

Dead Female
Carrier Female

Normal Female
Dead Male
Carrier Male

Normal Male

X-Linked Carrier

Unspecified Gender
 Marriage
Fraternal Twins

Offspring
Generation

Identical Twins
II
 How to Read a Pedigree
I

II

III
 Draw a pedigree that
represents Mary married to
Greg, with 2 sons (Scott and
Tyler) and 1 daughter (Karen).
Their son, Scott, married April
Create a Pedigree and had Sutton (a boy) and
Kendall (a girl). Their
daughter, Karen, married
Harry and had Eliq (a son) and
Tariq (a son).
How to read a Pedigree with Recessive Traits
Rr rr

rr Rr rr Rr

rr rr rr
How to read Pedigrees with Sex-Linked Traits

XdXr

XdXr XrY XdXr

XrY XdXr XdXr XdXr XrY XdXr

XrY XrY XdXr XrY XrY XrY

Create a Chad and Veronica got married and
Pedigree had Brittany, Kristin, and Harry. It
was discovered that Harry had
albinism. Brittany married Larry
and had Stephan and Stephanie.
Stephan also had albinism. Larry’s
brother Barry also had albinism,
but neither of their parents had the
disorder.
Activity: I’m My Own Grandpa

With a Partner, create a Pedigree for the following scenario.

Many, many years ago when I was twenty-three
I was married to a widow who was pretty as could be.
This widow had a grown-up daughter who had hair of red.
My father fell in love with her and soon they, too, were wed.
This made my dad my son-in-law and changed my very life
For my daughter was my mother, 'cause she was my father's wife.
To complicate the matter, even though it brought me joy
I soon became the father of a bouncing baby boy.
My little baby then became a brother-in-law to dad
And so became my uncle, though it made me very sad
For if he was my uncle, then that also made him brother
To the widow's grown-up daughter, who, of course, was my step-mother.
My father's wife then had a son who kept them on the run
And he became my grand-child, 'cause he was my daughter’s son.
My wife is now my mother's mother, and it makes me blue
Because, although she is my wife, she's my grandmother too.
If my wife is my grandmother, then I am her grandchild
And every time I think of it, it nearly drives me wild
For now I have become the strangest case you ever saw
(This has got to be the strangest thing I ever saw)
As husband of my grandmother, I am my own grandpaw.

Categories 20
Concept Student knows the
Comprehension vocabulary understands
what pedigrees are and
what they are used for.
Concept Application Student can read a
Pedigree, create a
pedigree from
information given, and
can give the genotypes of
all the individuals
possible.
Group Work Student participates
(Activity I’m My Own completely in the Activity
Grandpa) and takes a part in in
analyzing the scenario
and creating a pedigree.
Rubric
15
Student understands
what Pedigrees are used
for but is not confident
with the vocabulary and
Key concepts.
Student can read a
pedigree, and can create
pedigrees from given
information, but cannot
determine all the
genotypes possible from
the information.
Student tries to
participate in the activity
but barely helps in
analyzing the scenario
and creating a pedigree.
10
Student minimally
understands Pedigrees
and their use, and has
trouble knowing the
vocabulary and key
terms.
Student can read a
pedigree but cannot
create a Pedigree with
the information given.
The student minimally
participates, just listens
to what the group is
saying. Most input given
are nods of agreement.
5
Student does not know
the vocabulary and cannot
state what Pedigrees are
or what they are used for.
Student cannot read nor
create a Pedigree with
information given.
Student does not
participate and completely
ignores what is being
discussed in the group.