Resolución del profesor: ANTONIUS BENEDICTUS

𝑥 ≡ 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑜 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 57 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 57

𝑎) {𝑦 ≡ 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑎 → { ~{
𝑥 = 2(𝑦 + 𝑧) 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 0
𝑧 ≡ 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑒
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 57 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 19
~
⏟ { ~{ → 𝑥 = 38 €
3𝑥 = 114 𝑥 = 38
𝐸2 +2𝐸1

𝐷𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑟: 𝑦 = 19 − 𝑧

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑟á𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠: 𝑦 = 19 − 𝑧, 𝑐𝑜𝑛 0 ≤ 𝑧 ≤ 19

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 57 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 57 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 19
𝑏) { 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 0 ~
⏟ { 3𝑥 = 114 ~{ 𝑥 = 38 ~
⏟
0.5𝑥 + 0.8𝑦 + 0.75𝑧 = 34 𝐸2 +2𝐸1 10𝑥 + 16𝑦 + 15𝑧 = 680 16𝑦 + 15𝑧 = 300 𝐸3 −15𝐸1
20𝐸3

𝑧=4
{𝑥 = 38 → 𝐸𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑜 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 38€, 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑎 15 € 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑒 4 €
𝑦 = 15

𝑚 1 3 2 2
(
𝐴= 1 𝑚 2 𝑦 𝐵 = 1 0)
) (
1 𝑚 3 −1 2
𝑚 1 3 𝑚 1 3 𝑚 1 0
𝑎) 𝐴 = ( 1 𝑚 2) ~
⏟ ( 1 𝑚 2) ~
⏟ (1 𝑚 0)
1 𝑚 3 𝐹3 −𝐹2 0 0 1 𝐹1 −3𝐹3 0 0 1
𝐹2 −2𝐹3

𝑚 1
∆= | | = 𝑚 2 − 1; 𝑚 2 − 1 = 0 → 𝑚 = ±1
1 𝑚
 ∗ 𝑆𝑖 𝑚 ≠ ±1 → ∆≠ 0 → det(𝐴) ≠ 0 → 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑜(𝐴) = 3

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
∗∗ 𝑆𝑖 𝑚 = 1 → 𝐴 = (1 1 0) ~⏟ (1 1 0) ~
⏟ (0 1 0) → 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑜(𝐴) = 2
0 0 1 𝐹1 −𝐹2 0 0 1 𝐶1 −𝐶2 0 0 1
−1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
∗∗∗ 𝑆𝑖 𝑚 = −1 → 𝐴 = ( 1 −1 0) ~⏟ (1 −1 0) ~
⏟ (0 1 0)
0 0 1 𝐹1 ∓𝐹2 0 0 1 𝐶1 +𝐶2 0 0 1
−𝐶2

→ 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑜(𝐴) = 2

𝑚=3
𝑏) 𝐴⏟ · 𝑋 ⏟ →{
⏟ = 𝐵
3×3 𝑚×𝑛 3×2 𝐴 · 𝑋 𝑒𝑠 3 × 𝑛 → 𝑛 = 2
0 1 3 𝑥 𝑦
𝑐) 𝑚 = 0 → 𝐴 = (1 0 2) , 𝑋 = ( 𝑧 𝑡)
1 0 3 𝑟 𝑠
0 1 3 𝑥 𝑦 2 2 𝑧 + 3𝑟 𝑡 + 3𝑠 2 2
𝐴 · 𝑋 = 𝐵 → (1 0 2) ( 𝑧 𝑡 ) = ( 1 0) → (𝑥 + 2𝑟 𝑦 + 2𝑠 ) = ( 1 0) →
1 0 3 𝑟 𝑠 −1 2 𝑥 + 3𝑟 𝑦 + 3𝑠 −1 2
𝑧 + 3𝑟 = 2 𝑧 + 3𝑟 = 2 𝑧=8
𝑡 + 3𝑠 = 2 𝑡 + 3𝑠 = 2 𝑡 = −4
𝑥 + 2𝑟 = 1 5 −4
𝑥 + 2𝑟 = 1 𝑥=5
→
⏟ →
⏟ → 𝑋=( 8 −4)
𝑦 + 2𝑠 = 0 𝑦 + 2𝑠 = 0 𝑦 = −4
𝐸 −𝐸
𝑥 + 3𝑟 = −1 𝐸56 −𝐸34 𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜: −2 2
𝑟 = −2 𝑟 = −2
{ 𝑦 + 3𝑠 = 2 { 𝑠=2 { 𝑠=2

𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 → 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 → 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 − 12 → 𝑓 ′′′ (𝑥) = 6

𝑎) 𝑥 = 0 → 𝑦 = 𝑓(0) = 0
𝑥=0
𝑦 = 0 → 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 = 0 → 𝑥(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9) = 0 → 𝑥 (𝑥 − 3)2 = 0 → { ˅ →
𝑥=3
𝐶𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑠: 𝑂(0,0) 𝑦 𝑃(3,0)

𝑥=1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 → 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 = 0 → 3(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3) = 0 → 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 → { ˅
𝑥=3
𝑓 (1) = 4 𝑦 𝑓 ′′ (1) = −6 < 0 → 𝑀á𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜: 𝐴(1,4)
{
𝑓 (3) = 0 𝑦 𝑓 ′′ (3) = 6 > 0 → 𝑀í𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜: 𝑃(3,0)
 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 0 → 6𝑥 − 12 = 0 → 𝑥 = 2; 𝑓(2) = 2 𝑦 𝑓 ′′′ (2) = 6 ≠ 0
→ 𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑥𝑖ó𝑛: 𝐵(2,2)

𝑥 < 0 → 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) > 0 → 𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒

𝑏) {1 < 𝑥 < 3 → 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) < 0 → 𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒
𝑥 > 3 → 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) > 0 → 𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒

𝑓 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 ∈ ]−∞, 1[ ∪ ]3, +∞[

𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 ∈ ]1,3[

𝑥 < 2 → 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6(𝑥 − 2) < 0 → 𝑓 𝑒𝑠 𝑐ó𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑎 (𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑦 = −𝑥 2 )

{
𝑥 > 2 → 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6(𝑥 − 2) > 0 → 𝑓 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑥𝑎 (𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 )

𝑓 𝑒𝑠 𝑐ó𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑣𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 ∈ ]−∞, 2[
𝑓 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑥𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 ∈ ]2, +∞[

𝑓(2) = 2 → 𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎: 𝐵(2,2)

𝑐) { ′ → 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒:
𝑓 (2) = 3 ∗ 22 − 12 ∗ 2 + 9 = −3 → 𝑃𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒: 𝑚 = −3

𝑟 ≡ 𝑦 − 2 = −3(𝑥 − 2) → 𝑟 ≡ 3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 8 = 0

𝑎) 𝑦 = 0 → 4 − 𝑥 2 = 0 → 𝑥 = ±2. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 − 𝑥 2 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟í𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟:

2 2 2
2)
𝑥3 8 32 2
𝑆 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ (4 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 [4𝑥 − ] = 2 (8 − − 0) = 𝑢
−2 0 3 0 3 3
𝑏)

𝑐) 𝑆𝑖 𝑃(0,1) ∈ 𝐷2 , 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝐷2 𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙:

𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥2
{ → 4 − 𝑥 2 = 3𝑥 2 → 4𝑥 2 = 4 → 𝑥 2 = 1 → 𝑥 = ±1 →
𝑦 = 3𝑥 2
 1 1 1
4𝑥 3 4
𝑆2 = 2 ∫ [(4 − 𝑥 2 ) − 3𝑥 2 ] 𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ (4 − 4𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 = 2 [4𝑥 − ] = 2 (4 − − 0)
0 0 3 0 3
16 2
= 𝑢
3

𝑥+𝑦 = 2
𝐴(2,1,1) 𝑦 𝑟 ≡ {
𝑦+𝑧 = 0

𝑥+𝑦 = 2 𝑥 = 2−𝑦 𝑥 = 2+𝜆 𝑃(2,0,0) ∈ 𝑟

𝑎) { ~{ → 𝑟 ≡ { 𝑦 = −𝜆 , 𝜆 ∈ ℝ → {
𝑦+𝑧 = 0 𝑧 = −𝑦 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑟 = (1, −1,1)
𝑧=𝜆
𝐴(2,1,1) 𝑥−2 𝑦−1 𝑧−1
𝑏)𝜋 ≡ { ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐴 = (0,1,1) → 𝜋 ≡ | 0 1 1 |=0→
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑟 = (1, −1,1) 1 −1 1

𝜋 ≡ 2(𝑥 − 2) + (𝑦 − 1) − (𝑧 − 1) = 0 → 𝜋 ≡ 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 − 4 = 0

𝑠⊂𝜋 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑑 𝑛𝜋 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑛𝜋 = (2,1, −1). 𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎. {
𝑐) ⃗⃗⃗⃗ →{ 𝑠 𝑛𝜋 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗
→ 𝑑𝑠 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑟 →
𝑠⊥𝑟 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑠 ⊥ 𝑑
𝑑 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑠 ∥ 𝑣 = |2 1
𝑑 −1| = 0𝑖 − 3𝑗 − 3𝑘⃗ = (−3)(0,1,1) → 𝑇𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑑
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑠 = (0,1,1) →
1 −1 1

𝑠 ≡ (2,1,1) + 𝜆(0,1,1), 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝜆 ∈ ℝ

 𝐴(1,0,0) 𝑦 𝐴′ (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) → ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐴′ = (𝑎 − 1, 𝑏, 𝑐)
𝑎) {𝐵(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) 𝑦 𝐵′ (−1,2,2) → ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐵′ = (−1 − 𝑟, 2 − 𝑠, 2 − 𝑡)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗′ = (0,1,2)
𝐶 (0,3,0) 𝑦 𝐶 ′ (0,4,2) → 𝐶𝐶
(𝑎 − 1, 𝑏, 𝑐) = (0,1,2) 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 1, 𝑐 = 2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐴′ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐵′ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐶 ′ → { →{ →
(−1 − 𝑟, 2 − 𝑠, 2 − 𝑡) = (0,1,2) 𝑟 = −1, 𝑠 = 1, 𝑡 = 0

𝐴′ (1,1,2) 𝑦 𝐵(−1,1,0)

𝐴(1,0,0) 𝑥−1 𝑦 𝑧
𝜋 ≡ {⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 = (−2,1,0) → 𝜋 ≡ | −2 1 0| = 0 → 𝜋 ≡ 0(𝑥 − 1) + 0𝑦 − 5𝑧 = 0 →
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 = (−1,3,0) −1 3 0

𝜋≡𝑧=0
|0 · 1 + 0 · 1 + 1 · 2 + 0|
𝜋 ′ ∥ 𝜋 → 𝑑(𝜋, 𝜋 ′ ) = 𝑑(𝐴′ , 𝜋) = = 2𝑢
√02 + 02 + 12

1 1 −2 1 0 1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , 𝐴𝐶
𝑐) 𝑉 = |[𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐴′ ]| = ||−1 3 0|| = |−10| = 5 𝑢3
2 2 2
0 1 2

𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑠: 𝑝(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 0.3, 𝑝(𝐴|𝐵) = 𝑝(𝐵|𝐴), 𝑝(𝐴) = 0.2

𝑝(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) 0.3 0.3
𝑎) 𝑝(𝐵 |𝐴) = = = = 0.375
𝑝(𝐴) 1 − 𝑝(𝐴) 1 − 0.2
𝑝(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) 𝑝(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
𝑏) 𝑝(𝐴|𝐵 ) = 𝑝(𝐵 |𝐴) → 𝑝(𝐴|𝐵) = 0.375 → = 0.375 → 𝑝(𝐵) = →
𝑝(𝐵) 0.375
0.3
𝑝(𝐵) = = 0.8
0.375
𝑐) 𝑝(𝐴) · 𝑝(𝐵) = 0.8 ∗ 0.8 = 0.64 ≠ 𝑝(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) → 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠
 5 1
𝑝(𝐷𝐹 ) = =
10 2
3
𝑎) 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 a priori: 𝑝(𝑀) =
10
2 1
( )
{ 𝑝 𝐷𝐿 = 10 = 5
1
𝑝(𝐺 |𝐷𝐹 ) =
2
2
𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑠: 𝑝(𝐺 |𝑀) =
3
3
( | )
{ 𝑝 𝐺 𝐷𝐿 = 4

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙: 𝑝(𝐺 ) = 𝑝(𝐷𝐿 ∩ 𝐺 ) + 𝑝(𝑀 ∩ 𝐺 ) + 𝑝(𝐷𝐿 ∩ 𝐺 ) =

1 1 3 2 1 3 3
𝑝(𝐷𝐹 ) · 𝑝(𝐺 |𝐷𝐹 ) + 𝑝(𝑀) · 𝑝(𝐺 |𝑀) + 𝑝(𝐷𝐿) · 𝑝(𝐺 |𝐷𝐿) = ∗ + ∗ + ∗ =
2 2 10 3 5 4 5
𝜇 = 𝑛𝑝 = 360
𝑏) 𝑋 ≡ 𝐵(600, 0.60) → 𝑞 = 1 − 𝑝 = 1 − 0.60 = 0.40 → {
𝜎 = √𝑛𝑝𝑞 = √360 ∗ 0.40 = 12
𝑌 − 360
𝑋 ≈ 𝑌 ≡ 𝑁(360,12) → 𝑍 = ≡ 𝑁(0,1)
12
400.5 − 360
𝑝(𝑋 ≤ 400) =
⏟ 𝑝(𝑌 < 400.5) = 𝑝 (𝑍 < ) = 𝑝(𝑍 < 3.375) =
12
𝐶𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑌𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑

= 𝐹 (3.375) = 0.9996