MTCCHEMI

STRYNOTE

TOPI
C: COMPOUND
CONTENT:
 Meani
ngofcompound
 Meani
ngofchemi
cal
for
mul
ae
 For
mat
ionofsi
mpl
echemi
cal
for
mul
a.

Acompoundi
sapur esubstancewhichisf
ormedwhent
woormor
e
el
ement
schemical
l
ycombi net oget
her
.

Ther
efore,acompoundi
smadeupoft woormor
eat
omsofel
ement
s
chemical
lycombi
ned.Tofor
m compounds
(
i) Ametal
li
celementcancombinewi
thanon-
metal
l
icel
ement
.
Exampl
e:i
ronandSulphurt
oformi
ronsul
fi
de
(
ii
) Anon-
met al
li
cel
ementcancombinewithanon-
metal
li
c
el
ement.Exampl
e;hy
drogenandoxygentof
orm wat
er.
Thenewsubstance,I
ronSulf
ideformedbyheat i
ngironandSulphur
doesnothavetheyel
lowcoloroftheSulphurorthemagnet i
c
proper
ti
esoftheir
on.Ithasi
tsownpr opert
ies-i
tisblack.

Theref
ore,
theproper
ti
esofacompoundi
sdi
ff
erentf
rom t
he
proper
ti
esofitcomponentel
ement
s.

Exampl
esofcompoundsandi
tscomponentel
ement
s.
s/
n Compounds Componentel
ement
1 Wat
er Hy
drogenandoxy
gen

Mr
.IkennaO.
 2 Calci
um carbonat
eCC
MT C
Ha
El
ci
MIum,
ST ca
RYNOr
b
Tonandoxy
E gen
(l
i
mest one)
3 Sodium hydr
oxi
de Sodi
um,
hydr
ogenandoxy
gen
(caust
icsoda)
4 Potassi
um Pot
assi
um,
hydr
ogenandoxy
gen
hydroxi
de(caust
ic
potash)
5 Sodi
um chl
ori
de Sodi
um andchl
ori
ne
6 Gl
ucose Car
bon,
hydr
ogenandoxy
gen
7 Et
hanol
(al
cohol
) Car
bon,
hydr
ogenandoxy
gen
8 Hy
drochl
ori
caci
d Hy
drogenandchl
ori
ne
9 Car
bondi
oxi
de Car
bon,
andoxy
gen

CLASSESOFCOMPOUNDS
1.Binar
ycompounds: cont
ainstwoel
ementsonl
y.Examples;
magnesium chl
ori
de,copperoxi
de,
water
,zi
ncoxide,sodi
um
chlor
ide,
etc.
2.Tri
narycompounds:contai
nsthreeelement
sonly.Examples;
nit
ri
c
aci
d,sulphur
icaci
d,cal
cium ni
tr
ate,sodi
um hy
droxideet
c.

CHEMI
CALFORMULA
Achemi
cal
for
mulaisasymbol
i
crepr
esent
ati
onofmol
ecul
esof
el
ement
sandcompounds.
Thesy
mbolofallt
heel
ement
sthatmakeupthecompoundar
e
combi
nedt
ogethertof
ormi
tschemi
calf
ormula.

Mr
.IkennaO.
 MTCCHEMI
STRYNOTE
For
mat
ionofchemi
cal
for
mul
a
Bef
oreformingorwr
it
ingt
hecor
rectf
ormul
aoft
hecompoundy
ou
mustfi
rstknowthef
oll
owi
ng:
 Theel
ement
spr
esenti
nthecompound
 Thecor
rectsy
mbol
sofat
omsoft
heseel
ement
s
 Thev
alencyofeachoft
heat
oms.
Nextst
epi
stoj
oint
het
woel
ement
s:
I
njoi
ning,
themet
all
i
celementcomesf
ir
stf
oll
owedbyt
he
non-
metal
li
cel
ement.
I
nj oi
ningt
wonon- met
all
icelements,themorepositi
ve
non-metal
li
cel
ementwi l
lcomef i
rst.Fori
nstance,
hydrogenandoxygeni
nwat er-H2O.Hy dr
ogencomesf i
rst
becauseit
’smoreposi
tiv
et hanoxygen.

Exampl
e1
For
mingt
hef
ormul
aofsodi
um chl
ori
de:
 Thecor
rectsy
mbol
fort
heel
ement
sandt
hei
r
val
ency
:
sodi
um =Na,
(val
ency=1)
chl
ori
ne=Cl
(val
ency=1)
.
Nai
samet
al.
Cl
isanon-
met
al.
Whent
heat
omsar
ecombi
ning,
theyi
nter
changet
hei
rval
enci
es.
1 1
Na Cl
=Na1Cl
1 NaCl

Mr
.IkennaO.
 MTCCHEMI
STRYNOTE

Exampl
e2.
For
mingt
hef
ormul
aofwat
er:
Sy
mbol
sAndv
alency:
Hy
drogen=H,
(val
ency=1)
Oxy
gen=O,
(val
ency=2)
Theyar
ebot
hnon-
met
als.
Hy
drogeni
smor
eposi
ti
vet
hanoxy
gen.Tocombi
newi
tht
hei
rval
ency
.
1 2
H O=H2O.

EVALUATI
ON
1.Whi
chel
ement
sar
epr
esenti
nthef
oll
owi
ngcompounds:
(
i) Cal
cium oxi
de
(
ii
) Sul
phuroxi
de
(
ii
i) Pot
assi
um hy
droxi
de
(
iv) Cal
cium sul
phat
e
(
v) Et
hanol
2.Li
stt
hef
act
orst
oconsi
derbef
orewr
it
ingachemi
cal
for
mul
a

Mr
.IkennaO.
 MTCCHEMI
STRYNOTE

Mr
.IkennaO.