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ITWS Ch1 PPT (Hardware and Software) PDF
ITWS Ch1 PPT (Hardware and Software) PDF
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Workshop for IT Proficiency Test
1
IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Contents
(A) Categories of computers
(B) Components of a computer
(I) Hardware
(II) Software
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
What is Computer?
A computer is an electronic
machine, operating under the
control of instructions stored
in its own memory;
It can accept data, PROCESS
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Wireless Media
Notebook computer
and Mobile computers
can be equipped with
Wi-Fi to connect to
the Internet
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Microcomputers
A microcomputer is a computer with a
central processing unit (CPU) as a
microprocessor.
We now refer to microcomputers as,
simply, computers, or personal computers
(PC).
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Desktop Computers
Designed so all of the
components fit on or under a
desk or table
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Mainframe Computers
Huge and towering
machines with lots of
processing power.
Mostly used by corporations,
government agencies, and
banks – organizations that
need a way to store large
quantities of information.
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Supercomputers
Run hundreds of thousands of processors,
capable of computing quadrillions 105 of
calculations in just a few nanoseconds.
Actually, supercomputers are used in
computational science to calculate and carry out
complex tasks.
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
(I) Hardware
It is the physical parts of a computer.
It includes
input devices, output devices, a system unit,
storage devices, and communication devices.
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
1. Input Devices
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An input device is
CD/DVD drive
(storage)
any hardware
component that
allows a user to speaker
(output)
instructions into a
computer.
E.g. Keyboard,
7 mouse
(input)
scanner (input)
mouse, microphone,
scanner, digital
camera, etc.
microphone
(input)
card reader
(storage)
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
2. System Unit
It is a box-like
case that houses
the electronic
components of
the computer
used to process
data.
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
2. System Unit
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DEVICES
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IT Learning Centre
Motherboard
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Power cables
Input/Output
Data cables
RAM Motherboard
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
I The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Floppy disk
Optical disc
Tape
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
6. Output Devices
An output device is any hardware component
that can convey information to a user.
E.g. Printer, Monitor, Speakers
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
(II) Software
It is a series of instructions that tells the
hardware of a computer what to do.
Types of software
1. System Software
2. Application Software
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
1. System Software
System software is a type of computer program
that is designed to run a computer’s hardware
and application programs. It is the interface
between the hardware and user applications.
The operating system (OS) is the best-known
example of system software. The OS manages
all the other programs in a computer.
Other examples:
Boot program
Printer driver program
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Operating System
An operating system (OS) is the program that, after
being initially loaded into the computer by a boot
program, manages all the other programs in a
computer.
Every desktop computer, tablet, and smartphone
includes an operating system that provides basic
functionality for the device.
Examples
Microcomputer OS: Windows 10, Windows 7
Server OS: Unix, Linux, Windows Server
Smart phone OS: iOS, Android
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
Operating System
What are the two most popular series of
personal computers?
Windows OS Apple Mac OS
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
2. Application Software
Application software consists of programs
that perform specific tasks for users.
Word
Spreadsheet
Processing
Presentation
Database
Software
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
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IT Learning Centre
The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong
References
Shelly, G. B., Vermaat, M. E., Quasney, J. J. Sebok, S.
L. & Freund, S. M. (2016). Discovering Computers:
Your interactive guide to the digital world: complete
(Chapter 3-8). Australia: Course Technology,
Cengage Learning.
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