University of Tripoli

Faculty of engineering
Chemical engineering department

(Applied Math Advance Course)

DESIGN OF CSTR AND PFR

Name : Esra bin shebel

Case:
The elementary irreversible organic liquid-phase reaction.

A+ B C

is carried out adiabatically in a flow reactor. An equal molar feed in A and B enters at
27'C, and the volumetric flow rate is 2 dm3/s and Cao= 0.1 kmol/m3

Material Balance Around CSTR

step1:

Assumption

 Steady state flow

 Uniformly mixed

 Isothermal process

 Elementary Irreversible

Step2: Material Balance Around CSTR

IN-OUT+GENERATION-CONSUMPTION =ACC

dN
Where : =0
dt

General Equation :
 r A =K C A C B =K C 2AO ( 1−X )2

By substituting :

Mole Balance Around PFR

Assumption

 Steady state flow

 Isothermal process

 Elementary Irreversible

Mole around PFR

IN-OUT+GENERATION-CONSUMPTION =ACC

dN
Where : =0
dt

Dividing by AV and rearranging

Differentiating

General Equation

By substituting

Solving by polymath :
Effect of temperature

Assumption :

Non-isothermal

Appling energy balance

ENERGY BALANCE

IN-OUT+GENERATION-CONSUMPTION

E=U+∆P.K+∆K.E
Replace Ei by Ei= U=Hi-PVi

General Energy Balance

Steps to solve:
 —

Cp=Cpc-Cpa*Cpb=30-15--15=0 ∆ —

H(T) = Hc - H b - H a= -41000-(-15000)-(-20000) = -6000 cal/mol A —

For CSTR

T=490K=197 C

—
 —

Conclusions

 the temperature and the rate of reaction and temperature remains constant
throughout the entire CSTR but a PFR, the rate increases gradually with
temperature from the inlet to the outlet, so the rate of increases with length.

 Specific rate constant and conversion increase with temperature increase

Reference :

 Fogler, H. S. (2010). Essentials of Chemical Reaction Engineering: Essenti

Chemica Reactio Engi. Pearson Education.