PAPER 3 SECT

ION B

DON’T WAIT FOR

OPPORTUNITY Physics
create
it! DREAM BIG
AIM HIGH
NEVER GIVE UP
TOPIC: ELECTRICITY + ELECTROMAGNETISM alinaimanarif
PRECAUTION STEPS FOR INVESTIGATIVE EXPERIMENTS

LIGHT
a. Do the experiment in a dark room to get clear and sharp image
b. Lens, screen and object must be in line and of same level
c. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter rule to avoid parallax error

SPRING
a. Make sure the spring is not loaded beyond the elastic limit (spring return to original length
when load is taken off)
b. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter rule to avoid parallax error

ELECTRICAL + ELECTRONIC
a. Make sure all the connections are correctly and tightly
b. Switch off the circuit after taking the reading to avoid over heating of the wires
(resistance increase)
b. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of ammeter / voltmeter to avoid
parallax error
Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 2
 PRECAUTION STEPS FOR INVESTIGATIVE EXPERIMENTS

HEAT
a. Stirred the liquid constantly, so the temperature rises evenly
b. Aluminium block must be wrapped with insulating material to prevent heat lost
c. Thermometer bulb should be smeared with oil to give better thermal contact with
the block
d. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of thermometer to avoid
parallax error

Make sure our eyes

perpendicular to the reading of
......................... (instrument) to Measuring
avoid parallax error instrument such as
ammeter, voltmeter,
meter rule etc.

3 Physics is easy with Teacher Alina

Inertia: OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
Time taken for one complete oscillation // Period

Pressure in liquid:
Different height in manometer

Volume of gas:
Follow The
Excellence
Success Wi , The
Length of mercury or sulfuric acid // Length of trapped air ll Chase Yo
Believ u!
e in yourse
lf
Strength of electromagnet:
Number of pins attracted

Speed of rotation:
Height of magnet bar released

Brighter:
Current flow

Magnetic force:
Distance of copper rod move
Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 4
NO. INSTRUMENTS EXPERIMENT Experiment based
1. Pendulum Simple Pendulum
on instrument:
2. Hacksaw blade Inertia
3. Slotted weight, spring Hooke’s Law
4. Ticker tape F=ma
5. Thistle funnel Pressure In Liquid
6. Marble, lead shot, measuring cylinder Buoyant Force
7. Eureka can Buoyant Force
8. Syringe Boyle's Law
9. Round bottom flask, bourdon gauge Pressure Law
10. Sulphuric acid Charles' Law
11. Beaker, pin Real + Apparent Depth
12. Glass block, ray box Refraction Of Light
13. Mirror, ray box Reflection Of Light
14. Speakers, sound generator Interference Of Sound
15. Pins, solenoid Strength Of Electromagnet
16. C-shaped iron yoke, bare copper wire Magnetic Field Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 5
Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 6
 PLANNING EXPERIMENT
TABULATE DATA:
INFERENCE: RV depends on MV
MV RV
HYPOTHESIS: MV increase, RV increase OR
MV increase, RV decrease
AIM: To investigate the relationship between
…..MV….. and …..RV…..
VARIABLES: MV :
RV :
CV : ANALYSING DATA:
LIST OF RV
APPARATUS: Refer to the Diagram

ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS: Label Diagram

MV
PROCEDURE: 1. How to control manipulated variable?
2. How to measure responding variable?
3. How to repeat experiment?
Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 7
 IDEA FOR EXPERIMENT: LENGTH + RESISTANCE
ELECTRICITY Shed A Shed B
Pondok A Pondok B

Brighter:
More Current flow
Battery
Battery
Bateri
Bateri

Connecting wire Connecting wire

Wayar penyambung Wayar penyambung

Diagram 1.1 shows an electrical circuit used in Diagram 1.2 also shows an electric circuit used in shed
shed A with a cell and a bulb. It is connected B with a cell and bulb. It is connected by using a wire.
using a short wire. The bulb lit brightly. The bulb lit less brightly.

R
MV length RV
CV: Diameter of wire Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 8
 IDEA FOR EXPERIMENT: LENGTH + RESISTANCE
ELECTRICITY
Brighter:
More Current flow

Diagram 2.1 shows a bulb lights up brighter when Diagram 2.2 shows the bulb lights up dimmer when
the slider of the rheostat is connected to point P. the slider of the same rheostat is connected to point Q.

R
MV length RV
CV: Diameter of wire Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 9
 IDEA FOR Brighter:
EXPERIMENT: DIAMETER + RESISTANCE
ELECTRICITY More Current flow

Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show Adman selling fruits at two different night markets.
He finds that the bulb at his stall lights up brighter when he uses a thicker wire.

MV Diameter
of wire R RV
CV: length of wire Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 10
 IDEA FOR EXPERIMENT: DIAMETER + RESISTANCE
ELECTRICITY Brighter:
More Current flow

Diagram 4(a) Diagram 4(b)

Diagram 4(a) and 4(b) show two similar bulbs, each is connected to a dry cell.
The bulb in Diagram 4(a) lights up brighter than the bulb in Diagram 4(b).

MV Diameter
of wire R RV
CV: length of wire Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 11
 IDEA FOR EXPERIMENT: ELECTROMAGNET à PAPER CLIPS
ELECTROMAGNETISM
No. of dry cell increase à current increase

Louder à strength of electromagnet

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2

Diagram 5.1 and 5.2 show the electric circuits which connects an electric bell to an ammeter and a power supply.
When the switch is closed, it is observed that the bell in Diagram 5.1 rings louder than the bell in Diagram 5.2.

MV current
No. of
paper clips RV
attracted

CV: No. of turns of coil Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 12

 IDEA FOR EXPERIMENT: ELECTROMAGNET à PAPER CLIPS
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Louder à strength of electromagnet

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show the electric bell with different number of coils which are connected to the similar batteries.
When the switch is on, the bell in Diagram 6.2 ring loudly than the bell in Diagram 6.1.

No. of No. of
MV turns of paper clips RV
attracted
coil

CV: current Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 13

 DYNAMO à electromagnetic induction EXPERIMENT: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

Brighter: IDEA FOR

INDUCED current ELECTROMAGNETISM

Diagram 7.1 and 7.2 show two different dynamos connected to the
same type of bicycle lamp but both tyres are rotating with same speed.

Diagram 7.1 Diagram 7.2

No. of
MV turns of
Induced
current
RV
coil

CV: Height of magnet bar released

same speed = same speed of rotation Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 14
 EXPERIMENT: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

Diagram 8.1
Diagram 8.1 and 8.2 shows two anemometers which are
exposed to the same speed of wind. IDEA FOR
Diagram 8.2 shows the higher reading of ammeter as it uses ELECTROMAGNETISM
more turns of coils of wires.

MV
No. of
turns of
Induced RV
current
coil

Diagram 8.2 CV:Height of magnet bar released

same speed = same speed of rotation

Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 15

 SPINNING à MOTOR à MAGNETIC FORCE EXPERIMENT: MAGNETIC FORCE

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show a mixer. IDEA FOR

In Diagram 9.1, the dial is set at minimum current and the ELECTROMAGNETISM
beaters are spinning.
In Diagram 9.2, the dial is set at maximum current and the
beaters spin faster.
Diagram 9.1 When the beaters spin faster, the force exerted on the mixture is
greater.

Magnetic force = distance of

copper rod move

MV Distance
RV
Diagram 9.2
current of copper
rod move

CV: Distance between two magnet bar

No. of magnet bar Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 16
 EXPERIMENT: MAGNETIC FORCE
SPINNING à MOTOR à MAGNETIC FORCE
Diagram 10.1 shows a table fan blades are spinning when speed IDEA FOR
adjusting buttons is set at low current. ELECTROMAGNETISM
Diagram 10.2 shows the table blades are spinning faster when
Diagram 10.1 the speed adjusting button is set at a high current. The blades
spin faster represents the greater force produced by the motor of
the fan.

Magnetic force = distance of

copper rod move

MV Distance
RV
current
of copper
Diagram 10.2 rod move

CV: Distance between two magnet bar

No. of magnet bar Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 17
alinaimanarif

BE AMAZING
and enjoy learning with
Teacher

Alina
Physics is easy with Teacher Alina 18