ESL CLASS

LEARNING ENGLISH WITH

TEACHER ANA
CLASS RULES
● Pay attention to lessons. Please minimize the usage of your mobile phone
unless necessary.

● Since this is an English class. Please use this time to practice your English
speaking skills. Ask and answer questions in English as much as possible.
CLASS OBJECTIVES

To this end, our main objective is to maximize your skills in all the aspects of the
English language: speaking, listening, reading and writing.
 ESL LESSON 1
PARTS OF SPEECH: AN
OVERVIEW
PARTS OF SPEECH
1. Noun- a word that denotes a person, place, or thing. In a sentence,
nouns answer the questions who and what.
2. Pronoun - a word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence.
3. Adjective- a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun.
Adjectives may precede nouns, or they may appear after a form of the
reflexive verb to be (am, are, is, was, etc.).
4. Verb- a word that denotes action, or a state of being, in a sentence.
5. Adverb- Just as adjectives modify nouns, adverbs modify, or further
describe, verbs. Adverbs may also modify adjectives. (Many, though not
all, adverbs end in -ly.)
6. Conjunction - a word that joins two independent clauses, or sentences,
together.
7. Preposition -work in combination with a noun or pronoun to create
phrases that modify verbs, nouns/pronouns, or adjectives.
Prepositional phrases convey a spatial, temporal, or directional
meaning.
Exercise
Identify what part of speech are the following underlined words:

1. They attended the concert last weekend.

2. Several cats ran into Rob’s garage.
3. The truck driver delivered the packages quickly.
4. Fast runners won all the awards at the track meet.
5. My friends and I walked home after school.
6. I wanted a peanut butter and jelly sandwich for lunch yesterday
7. She was counting the ballots during social studies class.
8. Will they finish the test on time?
9. The diagram was pretty complicated for us.

10. He will practice his musical piece soon.

11. Reggie saw the awesome sight from the air.

12. Her sister is the oldest member of the group.

13. Check the score, Tom.

14. Will the students be able to find the answer by themselves ?

15. They slowly carried the couch down the stairs.

SENTENCES
1 A sentence can take any one of four forms:

- a statement: The shops close/don’t close at 7 tonight.

- a question: Do the shops close at 7 tonight?

- a command: Shut the door./Don’t shut the door.

- an exclamation: What a slow train this is!

SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence:

a subject, a verb, and a completed thought.

EXAMPLES: I kicked the ball

Lewis and Alice played in the backyard

Lewis and Alice played in the backyard and read in the house.
COMPOUND SENTENCE
When we join two or more simple sentences, we make a compound sentence:

EXAMPLES: Tom phoned. He left a message = Tom phoned and left a message.

You can park your car on the drive or on the road. (CHOICE)

He couldn't find his pen, so he wrote in pencil. (RESULT)

We rarely stay in hotels, for we can't afford it. (REASON)

She sold her house, yet (she) can't help regretting it. (CONTRAST)
COMPLEX SENTENCE
We can join two or more simple sentences to make complex sentences:

The alarm was raised. The fire was discovered.

The alarm was raised as soon as the fire was discovered.

The alarm was raised when the fire was discovered.

The alarm was raised after the fire was discovered.

COMPLEX SENTENCE
We can use many different kinds of 'joining words' (or conjunctions) to make
complex sentences: after, as soon as, when, since, that, if, so that, whether, etc

In a complex sentence there is one 'main' idea and one or more 'subordinate'
ideas.

We can take the main idea (or clause) out of the sentence so that it stands on its
own: The alarm was raised is a main clause: it can stand on its own. ... as soon as
the fire was discovered cannot stand on its own. It is subordinate to the main
clause.