Definition of Descriptive Essay

A descriptive essay, as the name implies, is a form of essay that describes

something. In this genre, students are assigned the task of describing objects,
things, places, experiences, persons, and situations. The students use
sensory information to enable readers to use their five senses of touch, taste,
smell, hearing, and sight to understand the topic of the essay.

Qualities of a Descriptive Essay

 Clear and Concise

 Use of Images
 Use of Five Senses

As far as clear and concise language is concerned, it is necessary to describe

things precisely. Imagery is used to make things seem real and remarkable.
The use of the five senses creates the imagery, or a mental picture, for each
reader.

Difference Between a Description and a Descriptive Essay

A description could be just a paragraph, or it could be longer, as needed to

fully describe the thing. However, a descriptive essay has five paragraphs. It
is written in a coherent way with a good thesis statement at the end of
the introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Examples of Descriptive Essays in Literature

Example #1:  The Corner Store (by Eudora Welty)

“Our Little Store rose right up from the sidewalk; standing in a street of family
houses, it alone hadn’t any yard in front, any tree or flower bed. It was a plain
frame building covered over with brick. Above the door, a little railed porch ran
across on an upstairs level and four windows with shades were looking out.
But I didn’t catch on to those. Running in out of the sun, you met what seemed
total obscurity inside. There were almost tangible smells — licorice recently
sucked in a child’s cheek, dill pickle brine1 that had leaked through a paper
sack in a fresh trail across the wooden floor, ammonia-loaded ice that had
been hoisted from wet croker sacks and slammed into the icebox with its
sweet butter at the door, and perhaps the smell of still untrapped mice.”

This description of the “Little Store” is not only clear and concise, but also has
images and sensory information about the store building.
Example #2: And the Orchestra Played On (by Joanne Lipman)

“The hinges creaked when I opened the decrepit case. I was greeted by a
cascade of loose horsehair — my bow a victim of mites, the repairman later
explained. It was pure agony to twist my fingers into position. But to my
astonishment and that of my teenage children — who had never heard
me play — I could still manage a sound.

“It turned out, a few days later, that there were 100 people just like me. When
I showed up at a local school for rehearsal, there they were: five decades
worth of former students. There were doctors and accountants, engineers and
college professors. There were people who hadn’t played in decades, sitting
alongside professionals like Mr. K.’s daughter Melanie, now a violinist with
the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. There were generations of music
teachers.”

In the first paragraph of this descriptive excerpt, the author clearly describes
the decrepit nature of the violin case, as well as the damage time has done to
the bow. The second paragraph is a description of the characters, and their
similarities.  Both use sensory information for effective descriptions.

Example #3: Yarn (by Koyoko Mori)

“The yellow mittens I made in seventh-grade home economics proved that I

dreamed in color. For the unit on knitting, we were 1 supposed to turn in a pair
of mittens. The two hands had to be precisely the same size so that when we
held them together, palm to palm, no extra stitches would stick out from the
thumb, the tip of the fingers, or the cuff. Somewhere between making the
fourth and the fifth mitten to fulfill this requirement, I dreamed that the ball of
yellow yarn in my bag had turned green. Chartreuse, leaf, Granny Smith, lime,
neon, acid green. The brightness was electric. I woke up knowing that I was,
once again, doomed for a D in home ec.”

See the use of colors in this paragraph by Koyoko Mori. This is called “pure
description,” in that the description appeals to the senses. The use of word
“brightness” in the last line is striking one.

Example #4: The Taj Mahal (by Salman Rushdie)

“And this, finally, is why the Taj Mahal must be seen: to remind us that the
world is real, that the sound is truer than the echo, the original more forceful
than its image in a mirror. The beauty of beautiful things is still able, in these
image-saturated times, to transcend imitations. And the Taj Mahal is, beyond
the power of words to say it, a lovely thing, perhaps the loveliest of things.”

Check this short description of the Taj Mahal by Salman Rushdie. This
description presents a different picture of the Taj Mahal.

Function of Descriptive Essay

A descriptive essay presents a person, place, or thing, in a way that readers

feel as if it is in front of their eyes, or that they are tasting it, or that they can
hear it, or that they can smell it. Writers use sensory information to
describe object. The object of the writer is to present a picture of something as
honestly as he can.