For Upper Member (U1)

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 For upper member (U1):

Force = -49.582ton
Case 1
welded
Fy=2.4
Fc= 0.8

*Answer:-

Upper member → use angle back to back.

Lx = Ly = 2.5/cos(9.1) = 2.53 cm

Areq → for two angle = force/Fc assume = 49.582/0.8 = 61.9775 cm2.

Areq → fore one angle = 61.9775/2 = 30.98875.

ʎx = L/0.2a → 180= 253/0.2a →a = 7.02cm.

ʎy = Ly/0.45a →180= 253/0.45a → a= 3.128cm.

Choose Double angle 130*130*14

 Properties:-

A= 34.7cm2 , Ty= 540cm4 , rx=3.94cm , e= 3.72cm.

 Cheeks:-

23
1. a/t = 13/1.4 = 9.28 < 23/√ Fy= = 14.84 , non compact.
√ 2.4
2. ʎx = Lx/rx = 253/3.94 = 64.21 < 180 , safe

3. =2[540+34.7(3.72 + 0.5*1.4)2] = 2435.826cm4

ry = √ (2435¿.826)¿∗34.7 ¿ = 5.92cm

∴ ʎer = 64.21< 100

Fc = 1.4-0.000065(64.21)2 = 1.132

Fact = Force/2A = 49.582/2*34.7 = 0.7

Fact < Fc → safe.


 For Digonal member (D2):

Force = -5.7033 , Case 1 , Bolteded , M=16mm , Fy=2.4 ,Fc(assume)=0.6

, Lx=Ly = 253cm.

*Answer:-

Member is Diagonal → use single angle

Areq = Force/Fc(assume) = 5.7033/0.6*0.6 = 15.8245cm2

ʎout= Lout/ru → 180= 253/0.2a →a = 7.02cm.

Choose single angle 100*100*10

 Properties:-

A = 19.2cm2

rx = 3.04cm

 Cheeks:-

1. a/t = 10/1 = 1 < 23/√ 2.4 , non compact

2. ʎ = 253/3.04 = 83.22 < 180 , safe

3. ʎ < 100

Fc =1.4-0.000065.ʎ2

= 1.4- 0.000065(83.22)2 = 0.94

Fact = force/A = 5.7033/19.2 = 0.29

Fc > Fact , safe

 For Digonal member (D2"):

Force = -1.9415 ton , Case 2 , Bolted , M=16mm , Fy=2.4 , F(assume) =

0.8

*Answer:-

Member is Digonal , use single angle


Areq = Force/Fc= 1.19415/0.8*0.6 = 4.04 cm2

ʎout = Lout/ru → 180= 253/0.2a → a = 7.02cm

Choose angle 80*80*8

 Properties:-

A = 12.3cm2

rx = 2.42cm

 Cheeks:-

1. a/t = 8/0.8 = 10 < 23/√ 2.4 , non compact

2. ʎ = Lx/rx = 253/2.42 = 104.54<180 , safe

3. 3*1.6 + 0.8 = 5.6 < 8 ,

safe

4. ʎ > 100

Fc = 0.6* 7500/(104.54)2 = 0.411

Fact = Force/A = 1.9415/12.3 = 0.15

Fc > Fact , safe.

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