PETROLEUM TRAINING REPORT

Submitted by:
NAME : ANANJAN MUKHOPADHYA
LECTURE 1
DATE OF THE LECTURE: 30th May 2020
TOPIC OF THE LECTURE: Petroleum Refinery Overview
LECTURE BY: Sh. A.R. Mishra
TIME AND DURATION OF THE LECTURE: 7:30pm to 9:00 pm. 90 minutes

SUMMARY :
The basic summary of this lecture was to give an idea about the petroleum refinery i.e what
is crude oil, types of crudes and various refinery operations. It also discussed about the
history of refinery, various products obtained, primary and secondary refinery operations,
transportation and at last refinery margin.

INTRODUCTION:

 What is an oil refinery and crude oil:

At first sir discussed about what oil refineries are and what crude oil is. An
industrial plant that converts crude oil into petroleum products such as diesel,
gasoline and heating oil .Crude oils are complex mixtures that contain many
different hydrocarbon compounds, depending on the specific oil field, i.e. they are
obtaining from the oil fields.
 Petroleum Refinery History:
The first refinery, started in 1861, produced kerosene by simple
atmospheric distillation
 Total Refineries in India:
In India there are total 23 refineries of IOCL, HPCL, and ONGC etc.
 Primary Refinery Operations:
In this sir explained about basic pre-treatment, conversion, separation,
Finishing process and explained how molecules are segregated, rearranged
and oil movement and storage sectors.
 Crude oil characterization:
 In it was explained that how crude oil is differentiated as light, medium,
heavy, extra heavy based on their API density and as sweet, medium
sour, based on their sulphur content.
 Petroleum Products :
Sir explained what are the products of these refineries and how they are
distinguished as class A,B,C based on their flash point temperature and
also critical quality parameters of the products and various quality checks
like weathering of LPG.

 Secondary Refinery operations:

In this part sir explained about what are secondary processing units.
Briefly explained about CDU, VDU, CRU, DHDS, DHDT, HCU,
FCCU, Bitumen Blowing Unit, Sulphur Recovery Unit etc. These units
are require to increase the quality of the products coming from Primary
Refinery Operations.
 Refinery Margin:
In this , Sir explained about the Gross Refinery Margin (GRM) and regarding
the when do refineries make money also terms like Crack which is difference
between the product price and crude price and Spread which is difference between
the two different crude prices or product prices. In short marketability was discussed
in this sector.

CONCLUSION:
So, all together Sir gave the complete overview in all the sectors in petroleum refining from
history to end products. The lecture includes various major and minor units in the refinery.
Also various refineries situated in different parts of India like Gujarat, Mathura, Panipat etc.
A long with the market scenario of the products .

NEXT LECTURE: Optimum Refinery Configuration by Sh. D. Chakarborty