PETROLEUM TRAINING REPORT

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LECTURE 2
DATE OF THE LECTURE: 31th May 2020
TOPIC OF THE LECTURE: Optimum Refinery Configuration
LECTURE BY: Sh. D. Chakarborty
TIME AND DURATION OF THE LECTURE: 11:00am to 12:30 pm. 90 minutes

SUMMARY:
The general idea of this lecture was about the Refinery Configuration. Discussing about the
various units like in primary operation , CDU, ADU and in Secondary operations CCRU,
FCCU, HCU etc. The major factor i.e. crude oil selection along with the basic operating
conditions of the both the operations and treatment process were discussed by Sir.
INTRODUCTION:
 General Overview:
In the part, Oil Refinery layout and History were acknowledged. Along with the
demand of the various products other than Kerosene like Petrol(gasoline) , diesel and
other value added products.

 Refinery Complexity and Crude Oil Selection:

The combination of refining processes and operations complexity varies from one
refinery to another.
Factors deciding the complexity of a refinery:-
Nature/source of crude oils to be processed, Demand pattern in the markets,
Economic considerations, Product quality – current / future, Production of feed stocks
for downstream units, Environmental stipulations
Factors for Selecting the Crude Oil:-
Configuration of a refinery, metallurgy of the refinery, product demand, Gross
refinery margin(GRM), availability of a particular crude oil.

 Major Products of the Refinery:

LPG (Propane/Butane)/Propylene- cylinders for cooking purposes
MS/Naphtha/Solvents/Benzene/Toluene
ATF/SKO/MTO/LABFS- LABFS used in detergent industry
HSD/LDO(Light Diesel Oil)- used in heavy vehicles
FO/ LSHS /HPS/CBFS/PROCESS OILS
Asphalts/Bitumen/Sulphur- making of roads
 Lube Oil Base Stocks- used in lubricating purposes
RPC/ Pet coke- used in cement industry
Slack Wax/ MCW/Paraffin Wax- candles making industry.

 Primary Refinery Operations:

It is known as the mother unit of refinery as it distillates the crude into various
products. It consists of two sections :
a)Crude Distillation Unit
b)Vacuum Distillation Unit
After coming from the Desalter , crude oil gets heated in the furnace (T= 370 0C) and
enters the ADU. Products are ATF, light& heavy Naptha, LGO,HGO. Then the
bottom of the ADU gets heated in the furnace at temperature 417 0C and enters the
VDU and products from it like LVGO, LDO, HVGO etc. are processed in the
secondary refinery operations.

 Secondary Refinery Operations:

This includes processing units like Treatment , Cracking, Quality Upgradation and
other units. In treatment processing unit , there are various units like Merox,
DHDS/DHDT. In the cracking unit , there FCC,HCU, Delayed coker unit. In the
quality upgradation , there are CCRU, Isomerization unit. other units have Bitumen
Blowing unit , Hydrogen generation unit.
Also the operating were explained by sir.

CONCLUSION:
So summing up all , staring from the basic overview to complexity of a refinery
coming to the crude oil selection , all the generic terms and operations were
explained. Along with the Primary and Secondary Refinery Operations with their
operating conditions.

NEXT LECTURE: Fire and Safety in Refinery by Sh. A.K.Singh