JAPANESE

INDUSTRIAL
STANDARD
Translated and Published by
Japanese Standards Association

JIS B 7503: 2011

(JMA/JSA)
Mechanical dial gauges

ICS 17.040.30
Reference number: JIS B 7503: 2011 (E)

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B 7503 : 2011

Date of Establishment: 1953-02-27

Date of Revision: 2011-03-22
Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2011-03-22
Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
Standards Board
Technical Committee on Testing and Measurement
Technology

JIS B 7503: 2011, First English edition published in 2012-02

Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association

4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN

In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents,

the original JIS is to be the final authority.

© JSA 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in Japan
KKiAT

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 B 7503: 2011

Contents

Page

Introduction·········································· ...................................................... ·························1

1 Scope················································· ...................................................... ·····················1
2 Normative references ...................................................... ··········································1
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................... ·········································2
4 Design specification (design characteristics) ...................................................... ···3
4.1 General··············································· ...................................................... ···················3
4.2 Dimensions ............................................................................................................ ·····3
4.3 Dial and pointer ...................................................... ··················································6
4.4 Revolution counting device ...................................................... ································7
4.5 Contact element ......................................................................................................... 7
4.6 Zero adjustment ......................................................................................................... 7
4.7 Movable limit indicators ...................................................... ·····································8
4.8 Design specification (design characteristics) by the manufacturer ···················8
5 Metrological characteristics····················································································· 8
5.1 Maximum permissible error and maximum permissible limit of
metrological characteristics ..................................................................................... 8
5.2 Measuring force ...................................................... ···················································9
6 Proving conformance with specification ...................................................... ·········10
6.1 General··············································· ...................................................... ·················10
6.2 Measurement method ...................................................... ·······································10
6.3 Standard temperature ............................................................................................ 10

7 Marking··············································· ...................................................... ················10

Annex A (informative) Example of indication error curve ....................................... 12
Annex B (informative) Example data sheet for mechanical dial gauges ···············14
Annex C (normative) Measurement of metrological characteristics ....................... 15

Annex D (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model······································ 24

Annex JA (informative) Comparison table between JIS and corresponding
International Standard ....................................................... 26

(i)

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Foreword
This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard
revised by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at
the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee as the result of proposal of revision
of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by Japan Precision Measuring Instruments
Manufacturers Association (JMA)/Japanese Standards Association (JSA) with the draft
being attached, based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Stan-
dardization Law applicable to the case of revision by the provision of Article 14.
Consequently JIS B 7503: 1997 is replaced with this Standard.
This JIS document is protected by the Copyright Law.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict
with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public or utility
model right which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese
Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right,
application for a patent after opening to the public or utility model right which have
the said technical properties.

(ii)

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JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS B 7503 : 2011

Mechanical dial gauges

In troduction
This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition of
ISO 463 published in 2006 with some modifications of the technical contents.
The portions given sidelines or dotted underlines are the matters in which the con-
tents of the original International Standard have been modified. A list of modifica-
tions with the explanations is given in Annex JA.

1 Scope
This Standard specifies the design specification (design characteristics) and met-
rological characteristics of mechanical dial gauges.
NOTE: The International Standard corresponding to this Standard and the sym-
bol of degree of correspondence are as follows.
ISO 463: 2006 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Dimensional
measuring equipment-Design and metrological characteristics of me-
chanical dial gauges (MOD)
The symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the con-
tents in the corresponding International Standard and JIS are IDT
(identical), MOD (modified) and NEQ (not equivalent) according to ISO/
lEe Guide 21-1.

2 Norma ti ve references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards
(including amendments) indicated below shall be applied.
JIS B 0641-1 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Inspection by measure-
ment of workpieces and measuring equipment-Part 1: Decision rules
for proving conformance or nonconformance with specifications
NOTE: Corresponding International Standard: ISO 14253-1 Geometrical Prod-
uct Specifications (GPS)-Inspection by measurement of workpieces and
measuring equipment-Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance
or non-conformance with specifications (IDT)
JIS B 0642 Geometrical product specifications (GPS)-General concepts and re-
quirements for GPS measuring equipment
NOTE: Corresponding International Standard: ISO 14978 Geometrical product
specifications (GPS)-General concepts and requirements for GPS mea-
suring equipment (MOD)
JIS B 0680 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Standard reference tempera-
ture for geometrical product specification and verification
JIS Z 8103 Glossary of terms used in measurement

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3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in JIS B 0642
and _~~~__ ~__~~~_~ together with the following apply.

3.1 mechanical dial gauge

measuring instrument in which the axial displacements of a plunger are transmitted
and magnified by suitable mechanical means to a pointer which rotates in front of an
analog circular scales
NOTE: It may also be provided with a revolution-counting device, e.g. in which
a pointer rotates in front of a scale which indicates the number of revo-
lutions of the pointer or the axial displacement of the plunger.

3.2 fixed zero

method of expressing an indication error, which sets as its reference point the start-
ing point close to the rest point of the pointer in the stroke of the mechanical dial gauge
so that the indication error is zero

3.3 floating zero (arbitrary reference point method)

method of expressing an indication error, which takes as its reference point an arbi-
trary point in the indicating range of the mechanical dial gauge that is moved so that
the indication error becomes zero
NOTE: This method is in accordance with the floating zero method specified
in JIS B 0642, but is also referred to as an "arbitrary reference point
method" in the field of dial gauge since it takes an arbitrary point as
the reference point.

3.4 indication error

value obtained by subtracting the true value as a corresponding input quantity from
the indicated value of a mechanical dial gauge
For the true value, since it can not be determined, an agreed true value is used.
NOTE: For the indication error, an indication error diagram is illustrated by
obtaining the indication error at other points in the measuring range
(indication error with respect to fixed zero) taking the starting point of
measurement near the lower end of a plunger (zero point of measure-
ment length) as zero.

3.5 indication error over specific measurement length

A mechanical dial gauge is often used for the comparison measurement in which
the dimension of parts is measured by setting a pointer to the zero of a scale at an
arbitrary point. As the indication error of a mechanical dial gauge used for such a
use, the error given when a certain length (measurement length) is measured setting
an arbitrary point in the measuring range as zero is taken as "indication error over
specific measurement length".
For determination of this indication error, a starting point (reference point) is moved
to other point than the calibrated zero point by operation from the indication error with

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respect to fixed zero obtained by calibration, and the indication error over specific
measurement length (indicated section) is obtained.
The indication error over the whole measuring range means an indication error ob-
tained by taking a point that produces the maximum indication error or the minimum
indication error as reference (see 5.1, Annex A and Annex C).

3.6 retrace error

maximum of the difference between indications of the same quantity to be measured
when a plunger enters by being pressed in and goes out retracing (see Annex A and
Annex C)

3.7 repeatability of indication

maximum difference in indicated values when measurement is repeated several times
at any same position in the measuring range (see Annex C)

4 Design specification (design characteristics)

4.1 General
The general design shall be such that the performance of the dial gauge complies
with the requirements of this Standard unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.
The rigidity of the dial gauge shall be such that the freedom of the movement of
the plunger is not impaired by clamping the stem of the instrument. Further, where
a lug is attached, the rigidity of the dial gauge shall be sufficient so that its perfor-
mance is not impaired.

4.2 Dimensions
The dial gauge shall conform to the dimensions specified in figures 1, 2 and table 1
to ensure interchangeability.

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Table 1 Main dimensions

Unit: mm
Bezel diameter DI
Size classification
30 40 60 80 100
Range of diameter Dl a)
28 to 36 37 to 50 51 to 70 71 to 89 90 to 115
Stem diameter D2 8 h6
Plunger outside diameter D3 :5,7.5
Thread size D4 M2.5-6H
Thread size Ds M2.5-6g
Clamp diameter D6 b) 28 h6
Stem length LI ~8.5 ~10 ~12 ~15.5 ~9.5

Length L2 c) :5,12 :5,28 :5,34 d) d)

Thread length L3 :5,5

Thread length L4 ~6

Distance of a plunger centre :5,10

axis and a back cover L5
Notes a) Actual bezel diameter equals width (W).
b)
The clamp diameter D6 is optional.
c)
Length with the plunger pressed in.
d)
Depending on the measuring range.

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Unit: mm
T
20
(informative) w T

~ ~

( ~
,
-~

5
--~~.-~~-~~-- Q 6 - --
cb 6.5 -e.
(informa- ::r::
tive) 7

12
- ---

, , , ,

LJ Lj

With lug/Lug thickness: Without lug

5 (informative) Z (2 : 1)

w Width
T Thickness
H Height
1 Scale 4 Bezel 7 Stem 10 Dial cover 13 Measuring
2 Limit indicator 5 Pointer 8 Plunger 11 Inner frame face
3 Dial 6 Revolution 9 Gauge head 12 Back cover
counting device

Figure 1 Dimensions and names of main parts of mechanical dial gauge

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1 Clamp arm (option)

Figure 2 Diameter of dial gauges of back plunger type

4.3 Dial and pointer

The dial plate for the scale interval and its unit shall be clearly identified. The
examples of scale layouts are shown in figure 3 (scale interval 0.01 mm, 0.001 mm).

,,\\
\\\\\111'111/11
0 ',;/ ~~\\\\\\\\IIIII////f%
"
,,.::::
90 10 //
/,.-,.- ~1O 0 1O~
~ ~
@. 20 20 ~
~ ~
?80 20~ ~
~30
~
30~
-- --
~
0.001 mm

a) Scale for multiple revolutions b) Scale for partial revolution

Figure 3 Examples of scale layouts

The pointer shall move in a clockwise direction when the plunger is pressed into
the gauge.
Dial gauges with more than one pointer revolution (dial gauges with multiple revo-
lutions) shall be as follows [see figure 3 a)].

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When the pointer is in the position of rest and the zero mark on the dial is at
12 o'clock, the pointer shall lie at least 1/10th of the scale range in an anticlockwise
position (pre-span). Travel beyond the measuring range (post-span) shall be not
less than 1/10th the scale range [see figure 4 a)].
Dial gauges with less than one pointer revolution shall be as follows [see figure 3 b)].
When the plunger is in the position of rest (at the lowest position), the pointer shall
lie at least 3 scale intervals from the lowermost scale of the measuring range in
an anticlockwise position (pre-span). The post-span travel beyond the measuring
range shall be such that the pointer does not reach the position which it has in
the position of rest. But the post-span shall be at least 3 scale intervals from the
uppermost scale of the measuring range [see figure 4 b)].

'" i ,/
----~--
':' ---++-

a) Dial gauge with multiple b) Dial gauge with partial

revolutions revolution
A pre-span
B post-span

Figure 4 Example of pre-span and post-span

4.4 Revolution counting device

When a revolution counting device is provided, its pointer shall indicate the appro-
priate division on its scale when the pointer is at 12 o'clock on each of its revolutions.

4.5 Contact element

The contact element shall be replaceable. It shall have a wear-resistant measur-
ing surface and shall be of suitable form and surface finish (see figure 1).

4.6 Zero adjustment

Each dial gauge shall be provided with a reliable means of resetting the gauge to
zero that cannot be unintentionally displaced other than by the application of exces-
sive force, e.g. through provision of setting a locking device such as a clamp or by fric-
tional resistance.

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4.7 Movable limit indicators

The limit indicators installed, where provided, shall not unduly impair visibility
of the scale markings (see figure 1).

4.8 Design specification (design characteristics) by the manufacturer

As a minimum requirement the manufacturer shall specify at least the design speci-
fication (design characteristics) set out in table 2 (see figure 1 and Annex B).

Table 2 Design specification (Design characteristics)

Width (W)

External dimensions (mm) Thickness (T)

Height (H)
Measuring range (mm)
Scale interval (mm)
Plunger lifting device (lifter) YeslNo
Lug YeslNo
Fluid and dust protection a) YeslNo
Shock proof YeslNo
Note a) May be defined by the IP code (see JIS C 0920).

5 Metrological characteristics

5.1 Maximum permissible error and maximum permissible limit of metrologi-

cal characteristics
Maximum permissible error (hereafter referred to as "MPE") is the maximum of the
indication error permitted to an indication value. Maximum permissible limit (here-
after referred to as "MPL") is full limits of the measuring force permitted by specifi-
cation to measuring force (see JIS B 0642). _~~_~ __~~~_r;~~_<?g-_i_~_~_~_~~~!:~~~_~_r;~_~~~~_~__ <?r~ ~~~~_ _
gauge, when measured by the method in 6.2, shall be in accordance with the MPE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

indicated in tables 3, 4, and table 5. The manufacturer shall present the information
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
on MPL of measuring force. The metrological characteristics of the dial gauges, when
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
not specified by the manufacturer, shall fulfill the values of MPE and MPL in any
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
position within the measuring range or at any orientation of the dial gauge (see table 3).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Table 3 Metrological characteristics

Characteristic MPE or MPL

Retrace error (,-",m)
Repeatability of indication (,-",m)
any 1110 revolution See table 4 and
l---- -/2-re-v-o-Iu-t-i-on--------I ~~~j:~:~--------------
Errors of indication over a range of (,-",m) a ny 1
~K~?_~~~J?:g: _~~!,5?): anyone revolution
the whole measuring range

I--M_a_x_im_u_m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---I J_t_ t~__1?_~_~~~_?_r:__~_

Measuring force (N) Minimum manufacturer's
-----------------------_.

1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 ~p.~5~~f~~~~~~J?::
Difference of measuring force
NOTE 1 For the indication of the numerical values of the MPE and MPL, the data sheet
given in Annex B can be used.

~~r~~ _ ?___ K?_~_~h__~_fl_?~~~_I?__~__~~~~~_?_~_~_!?:I?_:I?_:~?~_9_._

5.2 Measuring force
Measuring forces shall be given as the maximum measuring force, minimum mea-
suring force and the hysteresis of the measuring force (see Annex C).

Table 4 The maximum permissible error (MPE) in the metrological

characteristics of dial gauges with bezel diameters not less
than 50 mm
Unit: !-tID
Scale interval
(mm) 0.01 0.005 0.001

Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over

1 up 3 up 5 up 10 up 20 up 30 up 50 up 1 up 2 up
Measuring
to and to and to and to and to and to and to and to and to and
range (mm)
lor incl. incl. incl. incl. incl. incl. incl. 5 or lor incl. incl.
under 3 5 10 20 30 50 100 under under 2 5
Retrace error 3 3 3 3 5 7 8 9 3 2 2 3
Repeatability
3 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 3 0.5 0.5 1
of indication
Any 1110
5 5 5 5 8 10 10 12 5 2 2 3.5
revolution
1-;
0
1-; Any 112
1-; 8 8 9 9 10 12 12 17 9 3.5 4 5
a.l revolution
::::
-8
-I-'> Anyone
cU 8 9 10 10 15 15 15 20 10 4 5 6
<:,)
revolution
~
::::
"""" The whole
measuring 8 10 12 15 25 30 40 50 12 5 7 10
range
For the MPE of the dial gauge of less than one revolution, the indication error over any 112 revo-
lutions and anyone revolution is not specified.

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Table 5 The maximum permissible error (MPE) in the metrological

characteristics of dial gauges and back plunger type dial
gauges with bezel diameters of less than 50 mm
Unit: !-tm
Scale interval
(mm) 0.01 0.005 0.002 0.001

Measuring lor Over 1 Over 3 Over 5 5 or lor lor

range (mm) under up to and up to and up to and under under under
incl. 3 incl. 5 incl. 10
Retrace error 4 4 4 5 3.5 2.5 2
Repeatability
3 3 3 3 3 1 1
of indication
Any 1110
8 8 8 9 6 2.5 2.5
:;..,
0
revolution
:;..,
:;..,
CJ.)
Any 112
~ 11 11 12 12 9 4.5 4
.S revolution
--i-J
CI:l
<:..l Anyone
~ 12 12 14 14 10 5 4.5
~
...... revolution
The whole
measuring 15 16 18 20 12 6 5
range
For the MPE of dial gauge of less than one revolution, the indication error over any
112 revolution or anyone revolution is not specified.

6 Proving conformance with specification

6.1 General
For proving conformance and non-conformance with specification, JIS B 0641-1 ap-
plies.
Uncertainty evaluation _~~~:t:t_~~_~~ performed according to ISO/TS 14253-2 and ISOI
lEe Guide 98.

6.2 Measurement method

The measurement of a mechanical dial gauge shall be in accordance with Annex C.

6.3 Standard temperature

Each dimension, error, etc. specified in this Standard shall be assumed as values
at the standard temperature of 20°C specified in JIS B 0680.

7 Marking
Any marking given on the mechanical dial gauge shall be easily readable and per-
manent and shall be placed on the surface of the dial gauge such that it will not im-
pair the quality. The serial number shall be marked with serialized alpha-numeric
identification.

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a) Scale interval
b) Serial number (serialized alpha-numeral)

~! _____ ~_~~~K~~~~t~_~:~_!:_~~~ __\~~__ ~_~l?E~t~(~__ ~~:r!l:~! __?_~ __~~_~ __~_~~~~yt~~t~!:_

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Annex A (informative)
Example of indication error curve

Figure A.l shows an example of the indication error curve given when the starting
point of the indication length is taken as a reference point (fixed zero expression).

y
- - Press-in
11m ---- Retrace
.... +10
........0
<ll
~ 5 Indication error
.8
..j.O
0 over the whole
ro
(.J measuring range
;.a
~ -10 4 Fixed zero
Indication error range over any indication error
1/2 revolution
x
1110 revolu- 3.5 4 4.5 5 6 7 8 9 10 mm (Revolution)
tion or more Measuring range 1110 revolution or more

f-E--_------'~------------=:...o;::_S-t-r-ok-e----------E-n-d----"-p-oi-n~t (Post-span)
Pointer rest
point

Indication error over any 1/10 revolution

2 mm (Revolution)
Indication error range over any
1/10 revolution Scale interval 0.01 mm
Measuring range Example of 10 mm
X Indication length (1 revolution 1 mm)
Y Indication error
1 Error curve (pass-in direction)
2 Error curve (retrace direction)
3 Retrace error at one particular nominal value
4 Fixed zero indication error
5 Indication error in both directions of plunger (indication error over the whole measuring range
with respect to floating zero)

Figure A.I Example of fixed zero indication error curve

Figure A.2 shows an example of the indication error curve of floating zero expres-
sion in which the indication position in figure A.l producing the positive and negative
maximum indication errors is taken as a reference point.

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y
- - Press-in
flm ---- Retrace
+20
....
0
.... 5 Indication error
.... +10 of the whole
<ll
~ measuring range
0
:;j 0
eli
u 5 Indication error
~ -10
~ of the whole
"'"" measuring range
-20

o 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 6 7 8 9

Figure A.2 Example of floating zero indication error curve

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Annex B (informative)
Example data sheet for mechanical dial gauges

N arne of equipment:
Detailed requirements:
[scale layout, contact element, protection against
fluid and dust, presence of shock protection
(shockprooD, type of back cover, etc.]
Accessories:
Possible suppliers/manufacturers:
Price range (optional):
Additional requirements: (e.g. inspection report, calibration certificate) .......................... .

The design specification (design characteristics) and

measurement characteristics refer to JIS B 7503.

Design specification (design characteristics)

Overall dimensions:
Thickness (T) ........... mm Width (W) ........... mm Height (H) ........... mm
Measuring range: ........... mm
Scale interval: ........... mm

Measurement characteristics
Retrace error (MPE): .......... !-tm Repeatability of indication (MPE): .......... !-tm
Indication error (MPE) over a range of:
any 1110 revolution .......... !-tm
any 112 revolution .......... ~lm

anyone revolution .......... ~lm

the whole measuring range .......... ~lm

Measuring force (MPL):

Maximum .......... N
Minimum .......... N
Difference of measuring force .......... N
MPE and MPL in the following orientations:
any D vertical D horizontal D

Com pany name

Department Person responsible ................................... .
Date

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Annex C (normative)
Measurement of metrological characteristics

C.I General
Attention shall be given to the following points when the metrological characteris-
tics of a mechanical dial gauge are measured.
a) A mechanical dial gauge shall be held in a sufficiently rigid fixture which is un-
disturbed by the operating force of the instrument itself.
b) The performance of a mechanical dial gauge shall be evaluated within its measuring
range using indication errors in both press-in and retrace directions of displace-
men t of a pI unger
c) In the case of a manual inspection, the indication error shall be obtained by mak-
ing the pointer agree with a scale line so that the error of reading is minimum
(based on a scale). In the case of using an automatic inspection machine (when it
is possible to obtain the gap between a pointer and a scale with high accuracy),
the amount of the gap between the scale and the pointer with respect to the amount
of movement of a plunger may be obtained and taken as an indication error.
d) This Standard sets measurement points, in measurements over the whole range
performed by the manufacturer (global measurement/calibration), such that the
performance evaluation within the measuring range can be adequately performed
and the calibration can be performed within sufficient and suitable working hours.
When it is considered that intended use of the dial gauge does not warrant global
calibration, partial calibration or task-related calibration (involving limited ser-
vice range, etc.) should be considered. In this case, for determination of the indi-
cation errors, a suitable number of intervals shall be set which are dependent on
the scale interval and the measuring range or the used measuring range.
e) Indication error over specific measurement length with respect to float-
ing zero
A mechanical dial gauge is often used for the comparison measurement in which
zero is set at an arbitrary point and the dimension of parts is measured. In this
case, the starting point of measurement is typically lengths such as 3.1 mm and
6.2 mm, and is not always the zero point of the measurement length (near the lower
end of the plunger). Further, the amount of movement (measurement length) of
a plunger has various lengths such as 0.6 mm and 3.5 mm. Therefore, the indi-
cation error given when the reference point is moved (floating zero) and the arbi-
trary measurement length is measured shall be defined as "indication error over
specific measurement length", and the indication error shall be obtained.
f) Method for expressing indication error curve
Annex A shows an example of the indication error curve generally used. This
curve is an indication error curve with respect to fixed zero in which the starting
point of the measurement length is fixed as zero.

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C.2 Method for determination of indication error over specific measurement

length
The evaluation range and calculation method of an error are specified in table C.1
and the measuring method is specified in table C.2. Furthermore, an example of the
method of calculation of the indication error with respect to floating zero is given in
C.3.

Table C.I Evaluation range and calculation method of indication error

and retrace error with respect to floating zero (see Annex A)

Error Evaluation range Calculation method

Obtain the maximum of the absolute value of the indication
error over the adjacent measurement lengths of lila revolution
Indication error
based on the indication error at each measurement point in the
over any 1110 a to 2 revolutions press-in direction, compare the value to that obtained in the
revolution
retrace direction in the same way, and take the larger value as
the indication error over any 1110 revolution.
Obtain the maximum of the absolute value of the indication
error over the measurement length of 112 revolution based on
Indication error
the indication error at each measurement point in the press-in
over any 1/2 a to 5 revolutions direction, compare the value to that obtained in the retrace
revolution
direction in the same way, and take the larger value as the
indication error over any 1/2 revolution.
Obtain the maximum of the absolute value of the indication
error over the measurement length of 1 revolution based on the
Indication error
indication error at each measurement point in the press-in
over anyone a to 25 revolutions direction, compare the value to that obtained in the retrace
revolution
direction in the same way, and take the larger value as the
indication error over any 1 revolution.
Indication error The difference between the maximum and the minimum of the
Whole measuring
over the whole indication error of all measurement points in the press-in
range
measuring range direction and retrace direction.
The maximum of all differences each between the indication
Whole measuring
Retrace error errors in the press-in direction and retrace direction at the
range
same measurement point (for the same indication length).

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Table C.2 Measuring method of metrological characteristics

Example of diagram (example

Measure- Measurement tools
Measuring method of evaluation in the case of
ment item (example)
vertical posture)
Hold the pI unger of the mechanical For mechanical dial
dial gauge vertically and downward, gauges of less than
press in the pI unger from the lower 0.01 mm in scale
end (press-in direction), and make the interval:
pointer agree with the starting point micrometer head or
of the scale. Then, obtain the indica- length measuring
tion error at the measurement points instrument of
shown below taking the reading of 0.5 /-Lm or under in
the mechanical dial gauge up to the scale interval and
end point of the measuring range as a instrumental error
reference. of ±1 !-tm and sup-
Indication
- at intervals of 1/10 revolution for porting stand
error
up to 2 revolutions For other mechani-
- at intervals of 1/2 revolution for up Mechanical cal dial gauges:
to 5 revolutions dial gauge micrometer head or
length measuring
- at intervals of 1 revolution for up
instrument of 1 !-tm

/j~m
to 25 revolutions
or under in scale
- at intervals of 5 revolutions for 25 interval and
revolutions or more instrumental error
In addition, for the mechanical dial of ±1 !-tm and sup-
gauge of less than 1 revolution and ~ porting stand
the mechanical dial gauge of which ~ II ®I
Supporting
I--------i
the scale is not a multiple of 10, ~ ~ ~and
obtain the indication error at the
~/I----~~®I
measurement point near the above- // )m~~
~I
mentioned.
Next, press in the plunger beyond I ,,1"""'1
three scales or more from the end
point of the measuring range, return l J
the plunger in the opposite direction Micrometer head
from that state (retrace direction), or length measuring
and obtain the indication error at the instrument
same measurement point as that in
Retrace
the press-in direction. Further,
error
obtain each indication error and
retrace error according to the method
given in table C.1 and table C.3 based
on the obtained indication errors in
both directions.
In addition, when errors are
mechanically read by an automatic
inspection machine etc., obtain the
gap between the pointer and the scale
line based on the amount of move-
ment of the measuring instrument.

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Table C.2 (concluded)

Example of diagram (example

Measure- Measurement tools
Measuring method of evaluation in the case of
ment item (example)
vertical posture)
Applying the contact element Mechanical Measuring stand
vertically to the measuring stand, dial gauge
Supporting stand
perform the measurement repeatedly
Repeat- at any position within the measuring
Supporting
ability of range by operating the plunger stand
indication rapidly and slowly five times, and
obtain the maximum difference in Measuring
indications of each measurement. stand

Hold the mechanical dial gauge, move Supporting stand

the plunger in the press-in direction Mechanical
Upper dish spring
and in the retrace direction continu- dial gauge
type indicating
ously and gradually, and obtain the balance (0.02 N or
measuring force at the starting point, under in scale
centre and end point of the measur- Supporting
stand interval) or force
ing range. meter (0.02 N or
Measur- Take the maximum of measuring Upper dish under in sensi-
ing force force as maximum measuring force, spring type tivity)
the minimum as minimum measur- indicating
ing force, and take the maximum balance
difference between in the press-in
direction and in the retrace direction
of the plunger at the same measure-
ment position as difference of mea-
suring force.

C.3 Example of calculation of indication error

C.3.1 Fixed zero and floating zero

Fixed zero is an expression method in which "the indication error at other points
is expressed by taking the indication error in one reference point selected as the starting
point as zero". Floating zero is an expression method in which "the reference point
taken as zero is moved in an arbitrary position of the measuring range and a certain
measurement length (indicated section) is measured, and the indication error in that
measurement length is expressed". First, the method for obtaining the floating zero
error from the fixed zero error is explained. In order to avoid the complexity, the
calculation method of only the press-in direction (the press-in direction of a plunger)
is given.
Example: In the case of the mechanical dial gauge of 0.01 mm in scale interval
and 10 mm in measuring range (1 mm 1 revolution)
Measurement point: at intervals of 0.1 mm (1/10 revolution) for 0 mm
to 2mm
at intervals of 0.5 mm (1/2 revolution) for over
2 mm up to and including 5 mm
at intervals of 1 mm (1 revolution) for over 5 mm
up to and including 10 mm

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The indication error at each measurement point in the press-in di-

rection is shown in table C.3. Table C.3 shows the indication error at
each measurement point when the reference point is fixed to be 0 mm
(when the indication error in indication length of 0 mm is taken as 0).

Table C.3 Fixed zero indication error at each measurement point in

press-in direction
Unit: !-till
Reference Indication length (mm)
point
Omm 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 6 7 8 9 10

Indication
error 0 0.3 1.2 1.8 2.1 2.0 0.7 1.8 2.5 3.3 4.5 4.3 3.5 3.3 2.4 1.6 0.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.8 -2.5 -2.7 -3.4 -2.8 -1.6 0.5 1.4 2.7 3.2 2.8 2.0 1.4

Data
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 :31
number

C.3.2 Example of obtaining expression of floating zero indication error by

taking an arbitrary point as reference point
Table C.4 shows the indication errors given when the reference point is changed
to the point of an indication length of 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, ... , 10 mm based on the indica-
tion error in table C.3. For example, when the point of an indication length of 1 mm
is taken as a reference point, in order to make the indication error at a point of 1 mm
be 0, "-4.5" is added to the indication errors at all points in the measuring range to
obtain the fixed zero expression (the 11th line from the top) in which the point of an
indication length of 1 mm is taken as a reference point.
The indication error curve given when the reference point is moved from 0 mm to
0.3 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.9 mm and 3.0 mm is shown in figure C.l.
When the reference point is moved, although the shape of the indication error curve
stays approximately the same, it is shifted along the axis of ordinate.

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Table C.4 Indication error when each arbitrary measurement point is

taken as reference point
Unit: !-tID
Refer-
Indication length (mm)

C.3.3 Method for obtaining floating zero indication error from fixed zero
The method for obtaining each indication error is shown below. Express the indi-
cation error obtained as the absolute value, and compare this value with the maximum
permissible error (MPE) in table 4 and table 5 in the text.

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 21
B 7503 : 2011

10

----,"
r-
/ I'..
6
v
/
/
I'--- .""., ..........

V ~ .......... ~ ,
'"
~~
\V , '" ,
",- ,/ '"""'"
S
2:-
;...,
0
;...,
4

2
~
./
/
/
",- ~

",
~ ..... '\v
~VV /' /
~

~
./

I'
~~~

~ / r-- r--...."""
r---
.......
........., '"
"'" ""'" --
.........

~ """ ~
.......
~
~ ........
~ r---.... "'- / ~V / ,........ ~
/
/ V v/ '(
~

~~
0..........,
~
~
;...,
~ i'.. v
~
--- ~
..,
<J.)
0
~
.S /
v
~
'\V /" /
V
f'..
-- ~
"'-f'~
~ ~ '"""'" ""'- V / 1/V
~ ....
'" , II[;V ""'"'",
V .........."-~
~ 0..........,

~ '"
,./ ~ /' ~
-2 ~
.+oJ
cO '\. ~
0
r-- ~ .......
.......
~
~
...... -4
v /
~
./
",- ~
'\V V
~ ~ .........
'---.,
~~
I'
/

-6 " """","'-~ "'-

I'..V
~V
/ Ij
/
---
-8

-10
o 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
'" V

3.0 4.0 5 6 7 8 9 10

Indication length (mm)

Figure C.1 Indication error curve given when reference points are
o mm, 0.3 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.9 mm and 3 mm (fixed zero)
a) Indication error over the whole measuring range The case where the ref-
erence point is at the position of 3 mm (23rd line) in table C.4 corresponds to the
uppermost curve in figure C.1, and the maximum of the indication error is +7.9 ~m
at the position of an indication length of 1 mm. On the other hand, the minimum
of the indication error is -7.9 ~m at the position of an indication length of 3 mm
while the case where the reference point is at the position of 1 mm (11th line) cor-
responds to the lowest curve in figure C.1. Therefore, the indication error given
when the reference point is moved from 0 mm to 10 mm (floating zero) is +7.9 ~m
at the maximum and -7.9 ~m at the minimum, and the indication error over the
whole measuring range becomes 7.9 ~m.
NOTE: In practice, the calculation is performed by including data at the mea-
surement points in the retrace direction (see table C.1 and Annex A).
b) Floating zero indication error over any measurement length The indica-
tion error with respect to the measurement length of 0.1 mm (1/10 revolution),
0.5 mm (1/2 revolution) and 1 mm (1 revolution) is obtained by performing the move-
ment. The measurement length given when the reference point is moved from 0 mm
to 10 mm and the indication error given when that length is measured (difference
between indication errors) are shown in table C.5 and figure C.2. Furthermore,
the formula of table C.5 is shown in table C.6.
NOTE: In practice, calculation is separately performed also for the retrace di-
rection, and the larger absolute value of indication errors in the press-
in direction and in the retrace direction is taken as indication error
(see table C.1 and Annex A).
c) Indication error over any 1/10 revolution In table C.3, the indication error
at the measurement length of 0.1 mm (1/10 revolution) is obtained from the

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difference of the indication error between indication lengths 0 mm and 0.1 mm,
between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, ... , between 1.9 mm and 2 mm, and 20 indication
errors are given in table C.5. The indication errors with respect to this floating
zero are equivalent to the indication errors over any 1/10 revolution in table 3,
table 4 and table 5 of the text, and among 20 indication errors in table C.5, the
indication error over any 1/10 revolution to be obtained is 1.3 !lm, which is the
maximum of the absolute value.
d) Indication error over any 1/2 revolution In table C.3, in the case of the mea-
surement length of 0.5 mm (1/2 revolution), indication errors are obtained at 16
locations between indication lengths 0 mm and 0.5 mm, between 0.1 mm and
0.6 mm, ... , between 1.5 mm and 2 mm, and 6 locations between indication lengths
2 mm and 2.5 mm, ... , between 4.5 mm and 5 mm, in which each interval between
two indication lengths is 0.5 mm, thus 22 errors in total. Therefore, from table C.5,
the indication error over any 1/2 revolution is 4.5 !lm, which is the maximum of
the absolute value.
e) Indication over anyone revolution In table C.3, in the case of the measure-
ment length of 1 mm (1 revolution), the indication errors are obtained at 11 loca-
tions between indication lengths 0 mm and 1 mm, between 0.1 mm and 1.1 mm,
between 1 mm and 2 mm, and 11 locations between indication lengths 1.5 mm and
2.5 mm, between 2 mm and 3 mm, between 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm, ... , between 9 mm
and 10 mm, thus 22 errors in total. Therefore, from table C.5, the indication error
over anyone revolution is -7.0 !lm, which is the maximum of the absolute value.

10

S 5 •
3..,
..,..,0
•
•I••
(l)

~
0 I
i
I
i ,,
.S
.j.J •
•••
ell

~
<:..l
••
~
-5
"""" •
-10
0.1 0.5
(1110 revo- (112 revo- (1 revo-
lution) lution) lution)
Measurement length (mm)

Figure C.2 Indication error of floating zero (measurement length of

0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm)

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B 7503 : 2011

Table C.5 Indication error for Table C.6 Calculation formula

each measurement for table C.5
length (floating zero)
Unit: ~m
Reference
Measurement length (mm) Measurement length (mm)
point
[mm] 0.1 0.5 1
0 1-0 5-0 10-0
0.1 2-1 6-1 11-1
0.2 3-2 7-2 12-2
0.3 4-3 8-3 13-3
0.4 5-4 9-4 14-4
0.5 6-5 10-5 15-5
0.6 7-6 11-6 16-6
0.7 8-7 12-7 17-7
0.8 9-8 13-8 18-8
0.9 10-9 14-9 19-9
1 11-10 15-10 20-10
1.1 12-11 16-11
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
13-12
14-13
15-14
16-15
17-16
17-12
18-13
19-14
20-15
V 21-15

/
1.6
1.7 18-17
1.8 19-18
1.9 20-19
2 21-20 22-20
2.5 22-21 23-21
3 23-22 24-22
3.5 24-23 25-23
4 25-24 26-24
4.5 26-25
5
6
-------
27-26
28-27
7 29-28
8 30-29
9 31-30

-------
10
1/10 112 One 1110 1/2 One
Any Any
revolution revolution revolution revolution revolution revolution

NOTE: The formula of table C.6 shows the difference between data numbers. For example, since
the formula of the indication error at the measurement length of 1 mm when the refer-
ence point is 0.5 mm is 15- 5, it is as follows: (indication error of data number 15 in
table C.3) - (indication error of data number 5 in table C.3) = 1.6 !-tm - 2.0 !-tm = -0.4 !-tm.

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Annex D (informative)
Relation to the GPS matrix model

For full details about the GPS matrix model see ISO/TR 14638.

D.l Outline of standard and information about its use

This Standard describes the most important design specifications (design charac-
teristics) and metrological characteristics of mechanical dial gauges. These design speci-
fications (design characteristics) are items that affect interchangeability.

D.2 Position in the GPS matrix model

This Standard is a general GPS standard and a basic standard, which influences
the chain link 5 of the chains of standards on size, distance, form of a line indepen-
dent of datum, form of a line dependent of datum, form of a surface independent of
datum, form of a surface dependent of datum, orientation, location, circular run-out
and total run-out in the general GPS matrix, as graphically illustrated in figure D.l.
G PS common standards

~~?~ _~ ~~1?_~~__ ~: __ _
1!?~1!_I!?-~~~ _~I?:~~!:1!_~!~?J:_~ _?~ ~~5~~1!:~!~_-:-:-_ ~~?~_~~~1?_~~__1: ___~~_~~~~~~?_I?-_~r~?}_~~_~~~_~_?_~~~~~~~
~-?~~~~ ~_?~~~_~~~~~_~~~_I:__~?~~~~~?~_~~~i_~~_
Link number 2: Definitions of tolerance-theoretical ~~?~ _~~~1?_~~__?: ___~~_ 9-_1!:~ ~_~_I!?-_~? ~_ ~ __ ~?!: __
I!?-_~ _~ ~ ~~_~ ~~
definitions and numerical values ~9-_1!_i_I?~~_I?-_~ _
Link number 3: Definitions of real form-character- ~~?~ _~~~1?_~~_ 5?: ___~~_q~~~~~_~~!~__~?~_ ~~_~~_1!:~~_I?~I?:~ ~
measurement standards

Figure D.l GPS matrix

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D.3 Related standards

Related standards are those of the chains of standards indicated in figure D.l.

Bibliography
JIS C 0920: 2003 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
NOTE: Corresponding International Standard: IEC 60529: 2001 Degrees of pro-
tection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IDT)
ISO/IEC Guide 98: 1995 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
(GUM)
ISO/IEC Guide 99: 2007 International vocabulary of metrology-Basic and general
concepts and associated terms (VIM)
ISO/TS 14253-2: 1999 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Inspection by
measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment-
Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS mea-
surement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in
product verification
ISO/TR 14638 Geometrical product specification (GPS)-Masterplan

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 Annex JA (informative) t;dt-:l
-..:]O':l
Comparison table between JIS and corresponding International Standard 01
o
W

t-:l
JIS B 7503: 2011 Mechanical dial gauges ISO 463: 2006 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Dimen- o
I---l
sional measuring equipment-Design and metrological characteristics I---l
of mechanical dial gauges

(I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in (IV) Classification and details of technical (V) Justification for the
national International Standard deviation between JIS and the Inter- technical deviation and
Standard national Standard by clause future measures
number
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical deviation
clause clause cation by
"'d clause
~
o
~ 3 Terms and JIS Z 8103 3 Mechanical Addition There is no technical devia- The definitions of terms
M
o defini tions fixed zero, floating zero, dial gauge tion. such as indication error
~
M indication error, indica- are clarified.
U tion error over specific
ttl measurement length,
~
retrace error, repeatabil-
o i ty of indication
o
~
~
Q
::r:
~
 (I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in (IV) Classification and details of technical (V) Justification for the
national International Standard deviation between JIS and the Inter- technical deviation and
Standard national Standard by clause future measures
number
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical deviation
clause clause cation by
clause
4 Design 4 Design charac- Alteration Design characteristics are Altered because it is dif-
specifications teristics written together with design ficult to understand the
(design charac- specifications. The following expression of design
teristics) addition or alteration have characteristics.
been made:
4.2 Dimen- Figure 1, figure 2 and 4.2 Approximately • For L2, the length over Added because of neces-
"'d sions table 1 identical with which a plunger is pressed sity for interchangeabil-
:;:d
o JIS. in is specified. ity.
~
t:rj • A drawing "with lug" is There is no technical
Q
~ added in figure 1. deviation.
t:rj
t:j • Distance between centres
Cd
of pI unger shaft and lug
~ hole: 20 mm (informative)
Q • Diameter of lug hole:
o 6.5 mm (informative)
~
:;:d • Lug thickness: 5 mm
(5 (informative)
~
~ • Clamp arm is illustrated
in figure 2.
5 Metrological Maximum permissible 5.1 Alteration In JIS, the specification of Specification values are
characteristics error and maxim urn per- the concrete numerical value added for users' conve-
5.1 missible limit of metro- (MPE) according to scale nience.
logical characteristics interval and measuring
range is added.
Note a) in table 3 is deleted. Unnecessary confusion is
Since the relation between avoided. Cd
-..:]
the hysteresis (retrace error) There is no technical 01
and the discrimination is o
deviation. W
unclear, it should not be
~
specified. o
I---l~
I---l -..:]
 t;dt-:l
(I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in (IV) Classification and details of technical (V) Justification for the -..:]00
national International Standard deviation between JIS and the Inter- technical deviation and 01
o
Standard national Standard by clause future measures W
number t-:l
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical deviation o
cation by I---l
clause clause I---l
clause
- 5.2 Deletion Unnecessary for metrological There is no technical
characteristics. deviation.
6 Proving
conformance
with specifica-
tion
"'d
~
o 6.1 The evaluation of uncer- 6.1 As specified in Alteration Requirement concerning the Clarification through the
~ tainty should be in accor- GUM, etc. evaluation of uncertainty is future deliberations of
M
o dance with GUM. altered to recommendation. International Standard
~
M U sage and interpretation of will be studied.
U uncertainty is not always
ttl unified.
~
6.2 As specified in Annex C. 6.2 Alteration The detailed measuring Concrete exam pIes are
o
o method and the calculation shown for users' conve-
~ example of floating zero indi- nience.
~ cation error are added to
Q Annex C.
::r:
~
6.3 Standard Standard temperature of - Addition It is specified that dimen- Precautions are added
temperature 20°C sions, errors, etc. are values for users' convenience.
at standard temperature. There is no technical
deviation.
7 Marking 7 Addition Scale interval and manufac- Specific marking items
turer's name are added. are added for users' con-
venience.
AnnexA AnnexA Alteration Figure A.1 is redrafted. Concrete exam pIes are
Addition Figure A.2 is added. shown for users' conve-
nience.
 (I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in (IV) Classification and details of technical (V) Justification for the
national International Standard deviation between JIS and the Inter- technical deviation and
Standard national Standard by clause future measures
number
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical deviation
clause clause cation by
clause
Annex C 1 Measuring method Annex C Alteration Although at the time of Measurement using an
In the case of a manual manual measurement, it is automatic inspection
inspection, the indication important to make the machine is also consid-
error shall be obtained pointer agree with a scale ered.
by making the pointer line for the purpose of mini-
agree with a scale line mizing the uncertainty. On
"'d except where measure- the other hand, in the case of
:;:d
o ment is performed using using an automatic inspec-
~ tion machine, the gap be-
t:rj an automatic inspection
Q
machine tween a scale and the pointer
~
t:rj is correctly detected, so it is
t:j unnecessary to make the
Cd pointer agree with the scale.
~
2 Example of measure- Addition The method for obtaining the Concrete exam pIes are
Q
o ment indication error over any 00 shown for users' conve-
~
:;:d
The exam pIe of calcula- revolution given in table 3,
table 4 and table 5 is unfa-
nience.
tion of metrological char-
(5 acteristics is described. miliar in Japan.
~
~

Overall degree of correspondence between JIS and International Standard (ISO 463: 2006): MOD
NOTE 1 Symbols in sub-columns of classification by clause in the above table indicate as follows:
Deletion: Deletes the specification item(s) or content(s) of International Standard.
Addition: Adds the specification item(s) or content(s) which are not included in International Standard.
Alteration: Alters the specification content(s) which are included in International Standard.
Cd
NOTE 2 Symbol in column of overall degree of correspondence between JIS and International Standard in the above table indicates as follows: -..:]
01
- MOD: Modifies International Standard. o
W

~
o
!---l~
!---lCD
Errata for JIS (English edition) are printed in Standardization and Quality Control, published
monthly by the Japanese Standards Association, and also provided to subscribers of JIS
(English edition) in Monthly Information.
Errata will be provided upon request, please contact:
Standards Publishing Department, Japanese Standards Association
4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN
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