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SAP BASIS ADMIN Roles & Responsibilities
SAP BASIS ADMIN Roles & Responsibilities
SAP BASIS ADMIN Roles & Responsibilities
SAP BASIS ADMIN Roles
& Responsibilities
I ) Administration includes user admin, Client admin, and backup in SAP environments.
He should be able to do user administration like creating and deleting users, assigning and resetting passwords,
locking and unlocking users.
He should be able to troubleshoot security or authorization problems usingSU53, ST01 and SUIM
He should be able to create roles using different methods like transactions, direct objects, missing authorizations,
restrictions…etc
He should be able to analyze and fix missing authorizations
He should be able to do client administration like local client copies, remote client copy, create and deleting
clients.
He should be able to create and restore data backups
He should be able to do printer or spool configuration and administration
He should be able to manage the database space allocation
How to Copying the one user
Use transaction SU01 or, from the System Administration Assistant Running Your Display Tasks
(transaction SSAA), choose Entire view. SAP System Administration à Additional Administration Tasks System
Users: Copying a User.
In transaction SU01, enter ADMIN##, choose Copy, then enter the name BASIS##. Deselect Authorization
profiles and Activity groups. Enter a new password for BASIS## twice and save.
What is the total number of clients supported per SAP system?
It’s from 000 to 999. Total 1000 clients are supported per SAP System.
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within the same client SQL> UPDATE USR02 SET UFLAG = Spool Management
implement this parameter in the '64' where BNAME=’USERID’ AND SP01 Spool Output Cotroller
instance profile MANDT=’CLIENT’ SP11 TemSe directory
login/disable_multi_gui_login SQL> COMMIT SP12 TemSe Administration
= 1 To unlock an user use SPAD Spool Administration
SQL> UPDATE USR02 SET UFLAG = '0' Database Administration
Availability of SAP Instance & where BNAME=’USERID’ AND AL02 Oracle DB Monitor
Application: MANDT=’CLIENT’ DB01 Analyze exclusive
SM52,SM21,SRZL, SM50, SQL> COMMIT lockwaits
SM04, SM12, SM13, ST22, View Locked Transactions SM01 (You DB02 Analyze tables and
SM37, and SP01. need to look in field CINFO, table TSTC, indexes
you can use either SE11 or SE16 to DB13 Planning Calendar
Table Maintenance ( use browse the table contents ) DB15 Data Archiving:
SA38 or Choose system SM12 Old lock entries Database Tables
service) TO Lock/Unlock a Client to Prevent SM31 Table maintenance
To copy tables across Logons (viewing and download
clients, invoke RSCLTCOP tp locksys <SID> pf=tpprofile tables)
To make table adjustments tp unlocksys <SID> pf=tpprofile" DB14 Database Monitor
across clients, RSAVGL00 Scheduling of system maintenance Dbacockpit
To invoke the jobs ST04 Database alert logs
Substitution/Validation utility, RSBTCDEL Clean the old and Perform.
invoke RGUGBR00 background job records Check the work Process
To transport SAP script files RSDBCREO Clean batch input SM50
across session log Ps –elf | grep | grep dw
systems, RSTXSCRP RSPO0041 Removing old spooling Ps –elf | grep | grep ms
To release batchinput objects Ps –elf | grep | grep sapos
sessions RSSNAPDL Clean the old ABAP
automatically.RSBDCSUB error dumps How to Kill work process in
RSMI3001 – deleting SAP?
cancelled Update Records SM50 ,SM04 Or Kill 9
RSPO0041 – Obsolete
spool Objects How to find Long Running
SAP
RSPO0043 – Spool lists
JobsSM37,ST05,STAT,STAD
Which are remnants of
OR ST30
cancelled by job
RSUSR003 Check the
If you have a long running
passwords of users SAP*
Job, how do you analyse?
and DDIC in all clients
You can analyze the long
RSUSR006 List users last
running job using transaction
login
SE30
List of inactive users logs –
se38RSUSR200
Incorrect SAP login logs
–RSUSR006
II ) Maintenance includes monitoring the servers, background jobs, system performance and avoiding
bottlenecks in SAP environments.
1. He should be able to monitor and manage the servers, background jobs, performacne of the system
2. He should be able to monitor the status of work processes, application servers and system logs etc…
3. He should be able to rectify any type of problem related to operating systems
4. He should be able to configure SAP GUI at client computers
5. He should be able to rectify minor networking problems
6. He should have through understanding of IP address configurations and pinging concept
7. He must able to troubleshoot any client or server problems
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8. He should be able to create RFCs and should be able to configure TMS (Transport Management System)
Monitoring the servers/System Background jobs
AL08 Current Active Users SM36 Background Job Scheduling
AL18 OS filesystem alert ( dfk | more) SM37 Background Job Monitoring
OS01 LAN check with ping SM39 Job Analysis
RZ01 Job Scheduling Monitor SM49 Execute External OS commands
RZ03 Presentation, Control SAP Instances SM62 Maintain Events
RZ08 SAP alert Monitor SM64 Release of an Event
RZ10 Maintenance of Sap profile SM65 Background Processing Analysis Tool
Parameter SM69 Maintain External OS Commands
ST01 System Trace
ST02 Setups/Tune Buffers Job scheduling Stages:
ST04 Select DB activities Scheduled, Released, Active, Finished ,Cancelled
ST05 Performance trace
ST06 Operating System Monitor, ideal for Transport Management System
analyzing the performance of the entire SAP STMS Transport Management System
technology stack. SE01 Transport and Correction System
ST07 useful in reviewing endusers SE06 Set Up Workbench Organizer
logged into the entire system SE07 CTS Status Display
ST10 Table call statistics SE09 Workbench Organizer
ST03 /ST03N Performance, SAP Statistics, SE10 Customizing Organizer
Workload Monitor SE11 ABAP/4 Dictionary Maintenance
ST07 Application monitor SE16 Data Browser
STAT Local transaction statistics SE80 Repository Browser
STUN Performance Monitoring SM30 Call View Maintenance
SM51 SAP System Log SM31 Table Maintenance
CCMS System Monitoring (RZ20) SCC1 Client Copy Special Selection
SSAA useful in conducting routine daily, STMS Transport Management System
weekly, and monthly systems administration
functions
SMLG to monitor how well SAP'slogon
load balancing is performing; use F5 to drill
down into groupspecific performance data
SM66 ideal for looking at systemwide
performance relative to processes executing
on every application and batch server within
an SAP system
SM12 SAP system log
ST22 to review ABAP dumps and therefore
identify program errors (to aid in escalating
such issues to the responsible programming
team)
III ) Perform day to day BASIS admin responsibilities including troubleshooting, analyze load , alert
monitor and Configuration
Monitoring Alert Monitoring
AL08 Current Active Users AL01 SAP Alert Monitor
OS01 LAN check with ping AL02 Database alert monitor
RZ01 Job Scheduling Monitor AL04 Monitor call distribution
RZ03 Presentation, Control SAP AL05 Monitor current workload
Instances AL16 Local Alert Monitor for Operat.Syst.
ST01 System Trace AL18 Local File System Monitor
ST02 Setups/Tune Buffers RZ20 CCMS Monitoring
ST04 Select DB activities
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ST05 Performance trace Configuration
ST06 Operating System Monitor FILE CrossClient File Names/Paths
ST10 Table call statistics RZ04 Maintain Operation Modes and Instances
ST03Performance, SAP Statistics, RZ10 Maintenance of Profile Parameters
Workload RZ11 Profile parameter maintenance
ST07 Application monitor SE93 Maintain Transaction Codes
STAT Local transaction statistics SM63 Display/Maintain Operating Mode Sets
STUNPerformance Monitoring (not SPRO Customizing: Initial Screen
available in R/3 4.6x) SWU3 Consistency check: Customizing
IV ) Important Parameters & Tables
Profile Parameters for Client Login Important Tables
and password security (RZ10, RZ11)
login/accept_sso2_ticket To find an Instance Name SVERS
login/certificate_request_ca_url To find OS platform TSLE4
login/certificate_request_subject Check Table Space RSORAT01
login/create_sso2_ticket Check Table Extent RSORATC5
login/disable_cpic User administration
login/disable_multi_gui_login User master USR01
login/disable_multi_rfc_login Logon data USR02
login/disable_password_logon User address data USR03
login/failed_user_auto_unlock User master authorizations USR04
login/fails_to_session_end User Master Texts for Profiles (USR10) USR11
login/fails_to_user_lock User master: Authorizations UST12
login/min_password_diff User master authorization values USR12
login/min_password_digits Short Texts for Authorizations USR13
login/min_password_letters Prohibited passwords USR40
login/min_password_lng Objects TOBJ
login/min_password_specials Authorization Object ClassesTOBC
login/no_automatic_user_sapstar Profile Name for Activity Group TPRPROF
login/password_change_for_SSO Table for development user DEVACCESS
login/password_expiration_time
login/password_logon_usergroup Batch input queue
login/password_max_new_valid DATA DEFINITION QueueAPQD
login/password_max_reset_valid Queue info definition APQI
login/system_client Job processing
login/ticket_expiration_time Job status overview table TBTCO
login/ticket_only_by_https Batch job step overview TBTCP
login/ticket_only_to_host
login/ticketcache_entries_max Spool
login/ticketcache_off Spool: Print requests TSP02
login/update_logon_timestamp
Runtime errors
Runtime errors SNAP
Message control
Processing programs for
output TNAPR
Message status NAST
Printer determination NACH
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V) Daily monitoring Tcodes & TOP SAP BASIS CRITICAL ADMINISTRATIVE TASK
Daily monitoring Tcodes Top SAP BASIS Critical Admin Task
AL08 Current Active Users 1. SAP System R/3 System Status Check :
SM12 Display and Delete Locks( lock entries) Logon Test
SM13 Display Update Records( Check the 2. Backup Management: DB12
Pending Updates) 3. Application Server Status Check: SM51
SM21 To check the System Logs 4. CCMS Alerts Check: RZ20
SM50 Work Process Overview 5. Work Process Status Check: SM51
SM51 List of SAP Servers 6. Failed Updates Monitoring: SM13
SM66 System Wide Work Process Overview 7. System Log Review: SM21
ST22 To Check ABAP Dump /4 Runtime Error 8. Jobs Monitoring: SM37/SM35
Analysis 9. Check for old locks SM12
ST01 System Trace 10. Spool Administration SP01
ST02 Setups/Tune Buffers 11. Check for ABAP/Short dumps ST22
ST03NWorkload overview 12. Work load Analysis: ST03/ST03N
ST04 Select DB activities( Database 13. Review buffer statistics ST02
Performance Analysis) 14. Database Performance Analysis ST04
ST05 Performance trace 15. User Management SM04/AL08
ST06 Operating System Monitor 16. Operating System Monitoring: OS06
ST10 Table call statistics 17.SE38/SA38/SE16/SM30 – Sensitive TCode
ST03 Performance, SAP Statistics, Workload
SU56 Analyze User Buffer
OS01 LAN check with ping
RZ01 Job Scheduling Monitor
RZ03 Presentation, Control SAP Instances
ST07 Application monitor
STAT Local transaction statistics
SM35 Display Batch Jobs
SP12 Deleting Obsolete Temporary Objects
and Reclaiming the Space
DB2OLD Checks the TBS Growth size
SM37 /36 To Check the background status on
previous day
DB13 To Assign the Backup schedule
PFCG Profile Generator( Role, Authorization)
1. Basis consultant should be able to handle the administration of sap including the installation, configuration and
maintenance.
2. Installation may include SAP R/3, ECC, Net weaver, Net Weaver components, Solution Manager etc..
3. He should be able to do the sap license management( SLICENSE,SAPLICENSE –SHOW)
4. He should be able to analyze the ABAP dumps
5. He should be able to do system copies
SAP R/3 dispatcher and work processes
Types of work processes:
Message Coordinates the communication between different instances of a single SAP R/3 system.
Used for Logon purpose and load balancing
Dispatcher Redirect the request from GUI client to free process
Dialog Interpreting the ABAP code and execute the business logic. Used for interactive online
processing
Batch For Background jobs
Enqueue Single “Central Lock Management Service” that controls the locking mechanism between
the different application servers and the database.
Update Responsible for consistency in asynchronous data changes.
Gateway Used for transport of bigger amount of data between application servers as well as
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external (non SAP) systems that communicate with SAP
Which process first connects to the database?
It’s a Message Server process that connects first to the database
Difference between Application server and Central Instance?
Application Server is just a dialog instance.
Central Instance is Dialog instance + Database Instance
What is the difference between clients 000 and 001?
Client 000 is the SAP source client, client 001 exists only on certain installations (e. g. solution Manager).
What is the difference between Sap lock and database lock?
A “SAP lock” is named “enqueue lock”, the enqueue is on a much higher level, e. g. a complete sales document is
locked there whereas in the datbase usually only row locks exist. Since SAP runs on more database than Oracle
(thanx god) one needed to have a mechanism, that is database independent and on a higher level.
What is Access method?
Access method is the way the output device is connected to SAP system. The access method is specified during the
definition
What is the difference between ST02 and ST04 transaction monitoring?
ST02 is used only to monitor the memory related parameters like (buffer hit ratio, roll area, page area ) which in case
on fulfilment will effect the performance of SAP.
ST04 we can completely do the database related monitoring like backup schedules, locks etc.
How to start & stop SAP Instance
NT Windows UNIX
Startsap name= Startsap db
<sid> nr <system Startsap r3
number> sapdiahost Or
=<hostname> Startsap all
Before stopping
SAP System Or use CCMS (
Check status of RZ03) – Control
User/Active Process start& stop
List Of Users :
SM04,AL08
List of Active
Process :
SM50,SM66
Send a system
Message : Sm02
Security Management (FAQ)
1. How to transport roles from Production to Development or Sandbox?
Goto PFCG and enter the role which you want to transfer to other system.
Goto utilities>Mass download it will ask the path where to download/save that role on local desktop give the location
and save it.
Next logon to the system where you want that particular role. Go to PFCG> Role > upload.
Give the path where the role is saved. it accepts and generates successfully
2. How to check the missing authorisation for the user not having the option “su53″?
You can use Trace function, ST01, you can trace the user activity and from the log you can see the authorization
missing.
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Start an authorization trace using the ST01 transaction and carry out the transaction with a user who has full
authorizations. On the basis of the trace, you can see which authorizations were checked.
3. What is the difference between role and a profile?
Role and profile go hand in hand. Profile is bought in by a role. Role is used as a template, where you can add T
codes, reports….. Profile is one which gives the user authorization. When you generate a role, a profile is
automatically created.
4. What is the use of role templates?
User role templates are predefined activity groups in SAP consisting of transactions, reports and web addresses.
5. What is the difference between single role & composite role?
A role is a container that collects the transaction and generates the associated profile. A composite role is a
container which can collect several different roles.
6. Is it possible to change role template? How?
Yes, we can change a user role template. There are exactly three ways in which we can work with user role
templates
We can use it as they are delivered in sap
We can modify them as per our needs through pfcg
We can create them from scratch.
For all the above specified we have to use pfcg transaction to maintain them.
Please explain the personalization tab within a role.
Personalization is a way to save information that could be common to users, I meant to a user role… E.g. you can
create SAP queries and manage authorizations by user groups. Now this information can be stored in the
personalization tab of the role. (I supposed that it is a way for SAP to address his ambiguity of its concept of user
group and roles: is “usergroup” a grouping of people sharing the same access or is it the role who is the grouping
of people sharing the same access?)
7. How to insert missing authorization? Ways?
su53 is the best transaction with which we can find the missing authorizations.and we can insert those missing
authorization through pfcg.
8. Someone has deleted users in our system, and I am eager to find out who. Is there a table where this is
logged?
Debug or use RSUSR100 to find the info.
Run transaction SUIM and down its Change documents.
9. How can i do a mass delete of the roles without deleting the new roles?
There is a SAP delivered report that you can copy, remove the system type check and run. To do a landscape
with delete, enter the roles to be deleted in a transport, run the delete program or manually delete and then
release the transport and import them into all clients and systems.
It is called: AGR_DELETE_ALL_ACTIVITY_GROUPS.
To used it, you need to tweak/debug & replace the code as it has a check that ensure it is deleting SAP delivered
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roles only. Once you get past that little bit, it works well.
10. How to compare the roles where created or defined in two different systems?
For role comparison both the roles must be in the same system, in same client
Transaction code SUIM > Comparison> Roles
If the roles are in different system, then transport the role into one of the system and do comparison. If no
transport connection defined then, you can use the upload and download option in the PFCG
Steps for Role Comparing:
1. Run the tcode SUIM
2. Go To Comparison and select the option of roles
3. Click on Across systems option it will give option to select the sys name under Remote Comparison there enter
the SYS ID between which system you want to do comparison and put the role name in compare role section then
execute it will give you the result.
4. If there is any difference between the tcodes it will b in red color otherwise in yellow.
11. What is the procedure for creating new user which have all features define under SAP* user and which
could allow me to make the configurations?
Creating new user with superuser authorizations.
1. Goto SU01 –
username : sapuser
|–>Create.
2. In default settings, give
:Mr
first name : sap
last name : user
3. Goto next tab,
give initial password :1234
repeat password : 1234
4. Goto profiles.
type sap_all (say enter)
sap_new (say enter)
Then save….
See the message in status bar, (user created successfully)
5. Login with the new user. change the password. now this user contains all superuser authorizations
12. The administrator user cannot be used to log on to the J2EE Engine because it has been locked. How will
you correct the situation?
To correct this situation, I had to use an emergency user account.
SAP* user account has full administrator authorizations, but this account doesn’t have a default password. It must
be specified when account is activated. Once SAP* is activated, no other user can log in to the system.
Check properties on Config Tool (Edit UME):
ume.superadmin.activated (set ‘true’);
ume.superadmin.password (specify a password).
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Restart Application Server.
You have all users locked onto ABAP system. How will you deal with this situation?
Make sure your login/no_automatic_user_sapstar profile value is set to 1.
Log on to host system and connect to database.
Use the following query:
delete sid.USR02 where BNAME=’SAP*’ and MANDT=’xxx’;
Now SAP* user is generated again with default password “pass”.
13. How would you copy all users from DEV to PRD?
Execute transaction SCC8 and select the profile SAP_USER. Then specify target system and schedule
background job. This will export all users from the source system in the form of request.
Now login to the destination system and enter tcode SCC6. Specify the request number generated while exporting
and click on “prepare import”.
You can check logs in SCC3 transaction.
Tablespace Coalesce
select a.tablespace_name, a.file_id, a.block_id, a.blocks,
b.block_id
from dba_free_space a, dba_free_space b
where a.tablespace_name = 'SYSTEM'
and b.tablespace_name = 'SYSTEM'
and a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
and a.file_id = b.file_id
and a.block_id+a.blocks = b.block_id
alter tablespace USERS coalesce;
Job profile for SAP BASIS Administrator
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1.SAP Administration
1. Starting and Stopping SAP instance/(s)
2. User Administration – Setup & Maintenance
3. Authorization/Role/ Profiles – Setup & Maintenance
4. Setup SAP Security
5. Maintenance of System’s Health
6. Monitor System Performance and Logs
7. Spool and Print Administration
8. Maintain System Landscape
9. Transport Management Systems
10. Manage Change Requests
11. Create/Manage Batch Jobs
12. Backup Schedule,run & Monitor Backup of SAP
13. Apply Patches,Kernel & OSS Notes
2. Database Administration
1. Database Space Management
2. Database Backup
3. Database Recovery
4. Database log (Redo log, Archive Log) management
5. Database Performance Tunning
3. Operation System Administration
1. Operatin System Security
2. Operation System Performance Tunning
3. OS Space management
4. OS level background Job Management
5. OS level backup and recovery
4. Overall System Monitoring
1. Monitoring R3 Servers and Instances
2. Monitoring Users and Authorizations
3. Monitoring Security Part
4. Monitoring workload analysis
5. Monitoring Processes
6. Monitoring Buffers
7. Monitoring Operating system
8. Monitoring Database
9. Monitoring Backups
Recommended daily tasks
Task TCode
1. Check whether the systems are up
2. Check whether the backups finished without errors
3. Check for alerts in CCMS monitors
4. Check for hanging or stopped work processes
5. Check system log for errors/warnings
6. Check whether any background jobs got canceled for any
reason
7. Check the lock entry list
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8. Look for any failed updates
9. Check for users logins from unknown terminals/locked users
10. Analyze program dumps
11. Check for excessive swaps and buffer statistics
12. Review Database performance
13. Check database for space critical objects
14. Check the average response times
15. Check for OS level alerts
16. Check CPU load and memory usage
17. Review SAPDBA calendar job logs
18. Check archive directory status
Recommended weekly tasks
Task TCode
1. Check database for free space
2. Monitor tablespace growth
3. Monitor total DB growth
4. Clean up Spool
5. Clean up transport buffers
6. Run TemSe consistency check
7. Review security audit log
8. Check for adequate file system space
9. Analyze Early Watch reports
Recommended monthly tasks
1. Cycle the R/3 system to defragment memory
2. Analyze the database growth and plan for storage
3. Review directory structure and need to move data files
4. Cleanup old logs
Recommended quarterly tasks
1. User security overview
2. Review SAP profile parameters
3. Review the standard scheduled jobs
4. Test the backup by restoring
5. Archive the old transport files
6. Maintain SAPDBA and database parameter files
7. Review maintenance contracts for all hardware / software
8. Check for usage versus licensing
Recommended annual tasks
1. Audit user security
2. Audit profiles and authorizations
3. Review user roles
4. Maintain activity groups/profiles
5. Cleanup clients in test/development systems
6. Check workbench organizer settings.
7. Refresh test system.
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8. Simulate disaster recovery/failover testing
Software maintenance (as needed)
1. Applying support packages
2. Applying database patches
3. Upgrading kernel
4. Change Management /applying notes
Additional services (as needed)
1. User Maintenance / Profiles creation and maintenance
2. Printer definition maintenance
3. Data archiving
4. Technical Upgrades
5. Server Migration
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