INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
Dundigal, Hyderabad -500 043

CIVIL ENGINEERING
COURSE DESCRIPTOR

Course Title STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

Course Code ACEB07

Program B.Tech

Semester IV CE

Course Type Strength of Materials

Regulation IARE - R18

Theory Practical

Course Structure Lectures Tutorials Credits Laboratory Credits

3 1 4 - -

Chief Coordinator Dr .M.Venu , Professor

Mr.Suraj baraik, Assistant Professor
Course Faculty
Ms. J.Cici Jennifer Raj, Assistant Professor

I. COURSE OVERVIEW:
Civil Engineers are required to design structures like buildings, beams, dams, bridges, etc. A structural
engineer must be able to design a structure in such a way that none of its members fail during load
distribution process. For this criteria, the concept and calculations of (a) shear force diagrams and
bending moment diagram for different type of beams, (b) bending and shear stresses in beams, (c)
slope and deflection of beams using various methods are covered in depth. Substantially,this
foundational course is also intended to introduce the concepts of stress and strain due to external
loading on a structural member, and their calculations. Besides,the important calculations of principal
stresses and principal strains and its consequent theory of failures for the prediction of the strength of
the materials and the effects of strain energy in various applications of loads are also discussed.
Subsequently, the concept and calculations of (a) slope and deflection of beams using various methods
are covered in depth, (b) deflections by energy methods, (c) stresses in cylindrical shells are also
studied in detail. Eventually, through this course content engineers can design the structures for safety
and serviceability.
II. COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:
Level Course Code Semester Prerequisites
UG AMEB03 III Engineering mechanics
III. MARKS DISTRIBUTION:
CIA
Subject SEE Examination Total Marks
Examination
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 70 Marks 30 Marks 100

IV. DELIVERY / INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:

✔ Chalk & Talk ✔ Quiz ✔ Assignments ✘ MOOCs

✔ LCD / PPT ✔ Seminars ✘ Mini Project ✔ Videos

✘ Open Ended Experiments

V. EVALUATION METHODOLOGY:
The course will be evaluated for a total of 100 marks, with 30 marks for Continuous Internal
Assessment (CIA) and 70 marks for Semester End Examination (SEE). Out of 30 marks allotted for
CIA during the semester, marks are awarded by taking average of two CIA examinations or the marks
scored in the make-up examination.

Semester End Examination (SEE): The SEE is conducted for 70 marks of 3 hours duration. The
syllabus for the theory courses is divided into FIVE units and each unit carries equal weightage in
terms of marks distribution. The question paper pattern is as follows. Two full questions with “either‟
or ‟choice” will be drawn from each unit. Each question carries 14 marks. There could be a maximum
of two sub divisions in a question.

The emphasis on the questions is broadly based on the following criteria:

50 % To test the objectiveness of the concept.

To test the analytical skill of the concept OR to test the application skill of
50 %
the concept.

Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA):

CIA is conducted for a total of 30 marks (Table 1), with 25 marks for Continuous Internal
Examination (CIE), 05 marks for Quiz/ Alternative Assessment Tool (AAT).
Table 1: Assessment pattern for CIA

Component Theory
Total Marks
Type of Assessment CIE Exam Quiz / AAT
CIA Marks 25 05 30

Continuous Internal Examination (CIE):

Two CIE exams shall be conducted at the end of the 8 th and 16th week of the semester respectively. The CIE
exam is conducted for 25 marks of 2 hours duration consisting of two parts. Part–A shall have five
compulsory questions of one mark each. In part–B, four out of five questions have to be answered
where, each question carries 5 marks. Marks are awarded by taking average of marks scored in two
CIE exams
Quiz / Alternative Assessment Tool (AAT):
Two Quiz exams shall be online examination consisting of 25 multiple choice questions and are be
 answered by choosing the correct answer from a given set of choices (commonly four). Marks shall
be awarded considering the average of two quizzes for every course. The AAT may include seminars,
assignments, term paper, open ended experiments, five minutes video and MOOCs.

VI. HOW PROGRAM OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:

Program Outcomes Level Proficiency assessed by
PO1 Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of
mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an Assignments/
3
engineering specialization to the solution of complex Exams
engineering problems.
PO2 Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research
literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching
substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, 3 Assignments/Exams
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3 Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for
complex engineering problems and design system components
or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate 3 Assignments/Mini Projects
consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations.
PO4 Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-
based knowledge and research methods including design of
experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis 2 Open ended experiments
of the information to provide valid conclusions.
PO6 The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the
contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal
2 Seminars
and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities
relevant to
the professional engineering practice.
PO7 Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the
professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental
2 -
contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for
sustainable development.
PO9 Individual and team work: Function effectively as an
individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in -
2
multidisciplinary settings.

PO10 Communication: Communicate effectively on complex

engineering activities with the engineering community and with
Group
society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write 2
Discussions/Presentations
effective reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PO12 Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the
preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long 2 Seminars/Workshops
learning in the broadest context of technological change.
VII. HOW PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:

Program Specific Outcomes Level Proficiency assessed by

PSO1 ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE: Graduates shall
demonstrate sound knowledge in analysis, design, laboratory
Assignments/
investigations and construction aspects of civil engineering 3
Exams
infrastructure, along with good foundation in mathematics, basic
sciences and technical communication.
PSO2 BROADNESS AND DIVERSITY: Graduates will have a
broad understanding of economical, environmental, societal,
health and safety factors involved in infrastructural 2 Projects
development, and shall demonstrate ability to function within
multidisciplinary teams with competence in modern tool usage.
PSO3 SELF-LEARNING AND SERVICE: Graduates will be
motivated for continuous self-learning in engineering practice
and/or pursue research in advanced areas of civil engineering in 2 Guest Lectures
order to offer engineering services to the society, ethically and
responsibly.

VIII. COURSE OBJECTIVES (COs):

The course should enable the students to:
I Relate mechanical properties of a material with its behavior under various load types
II Apply the concepts of mechanics to find the stresses at a point in a material of a structural member
III Analyze a loaded structural member for deflections and failure strength.
IV Evaluate the stresses and strains in materials and deflections in beam members.

IX. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLOs):

CLO CLO’s At the end of the course, the PO’s Mapped Strength of
Code student will have the ability to: Mapping
ACEB07.01 CLO 1 Calculate the stress and strain PO1,PO2,PO9,PO10,PO11 3
developed in any structural member
due to applied external load.
ACEB07.02 CLO 2 Calculate the normal and tangential PO1,PO4,PO11 2
stresses on an inclined section a bar
of under uni-axial,
biaxial, pure shear and plain stress
conditions.
ACEB07.03 CLO 3 Predict the strain energy and their PO3,PO12 1
applications like sudden load,
uniform load and impact load.
ACEB07.04 CLO 4 Evaluate the principal stress and PO1,PO7,PO10 2
principal strain at a point of a
stressed member and draw the
Mohr’s circle of stresses.
ACEB07.05 CLO 5 Understand failure of a material PO3 1
using various theories of failure,
and their relative applications.
ACEB07.06 CLO 6 Differentiate the types of beam and PO1,PO2,PO9,PO10,PO11 3
the various loading and support
condition upon them.
ACEB07.07 CLO 7 Apply the formulae for beams PO1,PO2,PO4,PO11,PO12 2
under different loading condition.
ACEB07.08 CLO 8 Draw shear force diagram and PO3,PO6 1
bending moment diagram for
different type of beams.
ACEB07.09 CLO 9 Calculate the slope and deflection for PO1,PO2,PO3,PO4,PO9,PO1 3
cantilever and simply supported 0
beams under various loads.
ACEB07.10 CLO 10 Understand the different methods for PO2,PO3,PO4,PO9,PO10 2

Page | 4
 deflection of beams with constant
and variable moment of inertia.
ACEB07.11 CLO 11 Predict the differential equation for PO1,PO2,PO3,PO9,PO10 3
the elastic line of a beam.
ACEB07.12 CLO 12 Apply Mohr’s theorems and moment PO2,PO4,PO10 3
area methods for simple cases
including overhanging beams.
ACEB07.13 CLO 13 Derive the pure bending equation, PO6,PO7 1
and on its basis explain the
existence of normal stresses.
ACEB07.14 CLO 14 Analyze the pure bending equation PO1 1
and on its basis.
ACEB07.15 CLO 15 Explain the existence of shear PO1 1
stresses in the different layers of
the beam.
ACEB07.16 CLO 16 Evaluate the section modulus for PO1 1
various beam cross-sections.
ACEB07.17 CLO 17 Explain the importance of section PO6,PO11 2
modulus for various beam cross-
sections.
ACEB07.18 CLO 18 Derive the torsion equations and pure PO1 1
torsion.
ACEB07.19 CLO 19 Explain the design procedures of shafts PO2 1
and their theories of failure
applications.
ACEB07.20 CLO 20 Understand the types of springs and PO1 1
explain their different conditions.
ACEB07.21 CLO 21 Analyze the close and open coiled PO1 1
helical springs under various
conditions.
ACEB07.22 CLO 22 Understand the concept of thin PO1,PO3,PO9,PO10 3
seamless cylindrical shells
ACEB07.23 CLO 23 Derive the formula for PO1,PO3,PO9,PO10 3
longitudinal and circumferential
stresses, hoop, longitudinal and
volumetric strains.
ACEB07.24 CLO 24 Analyze Lames theory for thick PO1,PO3,PO4,PO9,PO10 3
cylinders,
ACEB07.25 CLO 25 Derive the derivation of lames PO1,PO3,PO9 2
formulae and distribution of hoop
and radial stresses across thickness
ACEB07.26 CLO 26 Evaluate thick cylinders and PO1,PO2,PO4,PO9,PO10 3
compound cylinders for necessary
difference of radii under
shrinkage and thick spherical shells.

3 = High; 2 = Medium; 1 = Low

X. MAPPING COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT

OF PROGRAM OUTCOMES AND PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES:
Course Program Specific
Program Outcomes (POs)
Learning Outcomes (PSOs)
Outcomes
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
(CLOs)
CLO 1 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2

CLO 2 3 2 2 3 2

CLO 3 2 1 2 1

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 CLO 4 3 2 2 3

1 3
CLO 5

CLO 6 3 3 3 2 2

CLO 7 3 2 2 2 2

CLO 8 2 2

3 3 3 2 2 2
CLO 9
3 3 2 2 2
CLO 10
3 3 3 2 2
CLO 11
3 2 2
CLO 12
2 2 2 2 2
CLO 13

CLO 14 2 1

1
CLO 15

CLO 16 2 1

CLO 17 2 2 1

1 1
CLO 18

CLO 19 2 1

CLO 20 2 1 1

1 1
CLO 21
3 3 2 2 3 2
CLO 22
3 3 2 2 3
CLO 23
3 3 2 2 1 3 2
CLO 24
3 3 2 3
CLO 25
3 3 2 2 1 3 2
CLO 26
3 = High; 2 = Medium; 1 = Low

XI. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES – DIRECT

CIE Exams PO 1,PO3 SEE Exams PO 1,PO3 Assignments - Seminars PO7,PO10

Laboratory
- Student Viva - Mini Project - Certification -
Practices
Term Paper PO 1

XII. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES - INDIRECT

✔ Early Semester Feedback ✔ End Semester OBE Feedback

Page | 6
 ✘ Assessment of Mini Projects by Experts

XIII. SYLLABUS

UNIT – I Stresses and strains Classes: 12

Concept of stress and strain, St.Venant’s principle, stress and strain diagram, Elasticity and plasticity, types of stresses and
strains, Hooke’s law stress – strain diagram for mild steel working stress, factor of safety, Lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio
and volumetric strain – Elastic moduli and the relationship between them; Bars of varying section, composite bars,
temperature stresses. Strain Energy – Resilience, Gradual, sudden, impact and shock loadings, simple applications, two
dimensional system, stress at a point on a plane, principal stresses and principal planes, Mohr circle of stress, ellipse of
stress and their applications. Two dimensional stress-strain system, principal strains and principal axis of strain, circle of
strain and ellipse of strain. Relationship between elastic constants.

UNIT – II Bending moment and shear force diagrams Classes : 08

Bending Moment (BM) and Shear Force (SF) diagrams. BM and SF diagrams for cantilevers simply supported and fixed
beams with or without overhangs. Calculation of maximum BM and SF and the point of contra flexure under concentrated
loads, uniformly distributed loads over the whole span or part of span, combination of concentrated loads (two or three)
and uniformly distributed loads, uniformly varying loads, application of moments. Relationship between moment, slope
and deflection, Moment area method, Macaulay’s method. Use of these methods to calculate slope and deflection for
determinant beams.

UNIT – III Flexural stresses and shear stresses of beams Classes: 08

Derivation of bending equation, Neutral axis, determination of bending stresses, section modulus of rectangular and
circular sections (Solid and Hollow), I, T, Angle and Channel sections, Design of simple beam sections.

Shear stress distribution across various beam sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T angle sections.

UNIT – IV Torsion Classes: 08

Derivation of torsion equation and its assumptions. Applications of the equation of the hollow and solid circular shafts,
torsional rigidity, Combined torsion and bending of circular shafts, principal stress and maximum shear stresses under
combined loading of bending and torsion. Analysis of close-coiled-helical springs.

UNIT – V Thin cylinders and spheres Classes: 09

Derivation of formulae and calculations of hoop stress, longitudinal stress in a cylinder, and sphere subjected to internal
pressures.
Text Books:

1. Timoshenko, S. and Young, D. H., “Elements of Strength of Materials”, DVNC, New York, USA.
2. Kazmi, S. M. A., “Solid Mechanics” TMH, Delhi, India.
3. Hibbeler, R. C. Mechanics of Materials. 6th ed. East Rutherford, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.
4. Crandall, S. H., N. C. Dahl, and T. J. Lardner. An Introduction to the Mechanics of Solids. 2nd ed. New York, NY:
McGraw Hill, 1979.
Reference Books:

1. Mechanics of Materials - Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russel Johnson Jr., John T. DEwolf – TMH 2002.
2. Strength of Materials by R. Subramanian, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Web References:
1. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/strength-of-materials- prof.html
2. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/civil-and-environmental-engineering/1-050-solid-mechanics-fall-2004/lecture-notes/
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coRgpxG2pyY&list=PLLbvVfERDon3oDfCYxkwRct1Q6YeOzi9g

E-Text Books:

Page | 7
 1. http://www.freeengineeringbooks.com/Civil/Strength-of-Material-Books.php
2. http://royalmechanicalbuzz.blogspot.in/2015/04/strength-of-materials-book-by-r-k-bansal.html
3. https://books.google.co.in/books?
id=I8gg0Q4OQ4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=STRENGTH+OF+MATERIALS&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpve
CD44HgAhWBad4KHacUAgYQ6AEIMDAB#v=onepage&q=STRENGTH%20OF%20MATERIALS&f=false
XIV. COURSE PLAN:
The course plan is meant as a guideline. Probably there may be changes.
Lecture No. Topic Outcomes
1-2 Understand the concept of elasticity
and plasticity, concept of stress and
strain, concept of Hooke’s law
3-4 Explain Relation between stress and
strain for mild steel. Understand
working stress and factor of safety
5-6 Understand the concept of bars for
varying section
7-8 Understand the concept of composite
bars and temperature stresses
9-10 Explain lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio,
volumetric strain, elastic moduli and
relation between them
11-12 Explain Bulk modulus, longitudinal
strain, lateral strain and relation
between them
13-14 Explain resilience, proof resilience,
modulus of resilience. Derive strain
energy for various loadings and
simple applications
15-16 Define beam, types of beams.
Explain the concept of shear force
and bending moment
17-19 Derive and evaluate the shear-force
and bending moment for cantilever
beam for various types of loading and
solved problems
20-22 Derive and evaluate the shear-force
and bending moment for simply
supported beam for various types of
loading and solved problems
23-25 Derive and evaluate the shear-force
and bending moment for overhanging
beam for various types of loading and
solved problems
26 Explain the relation between shear
force and bending moment and rate
of loading at a section for beams
27-28 Calculate the slope and deflection for
cantilever and simply supported
beams under various loads.
28-29 Predict the differential equation for
the elastic line of a beam.
29-30 Understand the different methods for
deflection of beams with constant and
variable moment of inertia.
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Topics to be covered References
UNIT - I T1: 1.1-3,
Elasticity and plasticity – Types of 2.1-5
stresses and strains – Hooke’s law
Stress – strain diagram for mild steel T1: 2.4
– Working stress – Factor of safety
Bars of varying section T1: 2.6-14
Composite bars – Temperature T1: 2.15-20
stresses
Lateral strain, Poisson’s ratio and T1: 3.1-.3
volumetric strain – Elastic moduli
and the relationship between them
Strain Energy, Resilience – Gradual, T1: 3.5-14
sudden, impact and shock loadings –
simple applications
Principal stresses and strains; T1: 6.1-5
Analytical and graphical solutions.
Theories of Failure: Introduction,
various theories of failure,
maximum principal stress theory,
maximum principal strain theory,
strain energy and shear strain
energy theory
UNIT - II T1: 9.1-5
Definition of beam – Types of beams
– Concept of shear force and bending
moment
S.F and B.M diagrams for cantilever, T1: 9.6-7
subjected to point loads, uniformly
distributed load, uniformly varying
loads and combination of these loads
– Point of contra flexure
S.F and B.M diagrams simply T1: 9.6-7
supported subjected to point loads,
uniformly distributed load, uniformly
varying loads and combination of
these loads – Point of contra flexure
S.F and B.M diagrams for T1: 9.6-7
overhanging beams subjected to
point loads, uniformly distributed
load, uniformly varying loads and
combination of these loads – Point
of contra flexure
Relation between S.F., B.M and rate T1:9.6-11
of loading at a section of a beam
Bending into a circular arc, slope, T1: 12.1-12.2
deflection and radius of curvature.
Differential equation for the elastic T1: 12.3-12.5
line of a beam.
Double integration and Macaulay‘s T1: 12.6-12.7
methods, determination of slope and
deflection for cantilever and simply

30-31 Apply Mohr’s theorems and moment
area methods for simple cases
including overhanging beams.
32-33 Explain the concept of simple
bending with assumptions and derive
the bending equation
34-35 Define neutral axis and determine the
bending stresses for various
conditions
36-37 Derive the section modulus for
rectangular, circular, I, T sections and
solved problems
38-39 Solve problems for design of simple
beams
40-43 Derive the formula for shear stress
and evaluate the shear stress
distribution across various beam
sections like rectangular, circular,
triangular, I, T angle sections
44 Derive the formula for shear stress
and evaluate the shear stress
distribution across various beam
sections like triangular, I, T angle
sections
45-47 Explain theory of pure torsion and
assumptions made in pure torsion
48-51 Define torsional moment of
resistance and polar section modulus.
Derive power transmitted by shafts
52-53 Explain combined bending and
torsion and end thrust
54-55 Design of shafts according to theory
of failures
56-58 Explain types of springs- Derive
springs connected in series and
parallel
59-60 Derive deflection of closed and open
coiled helical springs under axial
pull and axial couple
61-62 Define leaf springs
63 Understand the concept of
thin
seamless cylindrical shells
64-65 Derive the formula for longitudinal
and circumferential stresses, hoop,
longitudinal and volumetric strains.
66-67 Derive the formula for longitudinal
and circumferential stresses, hoop,
longitudinal and volumetric strains.
68-69 Analyze Lames theory for thick
Page | 9
supported beams subjected to various
loads.
Mohr‘s theorems, moment area T1: 12.8-12.11
method, application to simple cases
including overhanging beams.
UNIT -III T1: 10.1-5
FLEXURAL STRESSES: Theory of
simple bending – Assumptions –
Derivation of bending equation: M/I
= f/y = E/R
Neutral axis – Determination of T1: 10.5-7
bending stresses
Section modulus of rectangular and T1: 10.7
circular sections (Solid and Hollow),
I,T, Angle and Channel sections
Design of simple beam sections T1: 10.7
SHEAR STRESSES: Derivation of T1: 11.1-7
formula – Shear stress distribution
across various beam sections like
rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T
angle sections
SHEAR STRESSES: Derivation of T1: 11.4-7
formula – Shear stress distribution
across various beam sections like
triangular, I, T angle sections
UNIT-IV T4: 2.1 -2.2
Torsion of circular shafts:
Introduction, Explain theory of pure
torsion and assumptions made in
pure torsion
Define torsional moment of T4: 2.3 -2.6
resistance and polar section modulus.
Derive power transmitted by shafts
and its efficiency
Derive expression for strain energy T4: 2.7 - 2.9
stored in a body due to torsion
Strength of shaft for varying T4: 3.1 -3.6
sections, composite shafts and
problems
Springs: Introduction, types of T4: 3.8 -3.10
springs. Derive expressions for
stiffness and efficiency for springs
connected in series and parallel and
problems
Derive the expressions for maximum T4: 4.1 - 4.6
shear stress induced in wire,
expression for deflection of spring,
expression for stiffness of springs
Brief explanation on leaf springs T4: 4.6
UNIT -V T1:17.1-17.3
Thin seamless cylindrical shells,
Derivation of formula for T1: 17.4-17.5
longitudinal and circumferential
stresses, hoop, longitudinal and
volumetric strains.
Changes in diameter and volume of T1: 17.5-17.7
thin cylinders, thin spherical shells.
Lames theory for thick cylinders, T1: 17.8
 cylinders,
70-71 Derive the derivation of lames
formulae and distribution of hoop and
radial stresses across thickness
72-75 Evaluate thick cylinders and
compound cylinders for necessary
difference of radii under shrinkage and
thick spherical shells.
derivation of lames formulae,
Distribution of hoop and radial T1: 17.9
stresses across thickness,
Design of thick cylinders, compound T1: 17.10-12
cylinders, necessary difference of
radii for shrinkage, thick spherical
Shells

XV. GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY / PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS:

S NO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED RELEVAN RELEVANCE

ACTIONS CE WITH WITH PSOs
POs
1 The internal behavior of the material
with the externally applied loading Seminars/Guest
including thermal loads. PO 1, PSO 1, PSO
Lectures/NPTEL
PO 4 2
2 Analysis of structure especially for
building moments and shear force and
Seminars/Guest
decision making of PO 1, PSO 1, PSO
analysis. Lectures/NPTEL
PO 10 2
3 Torsional effects in the structure and
failure criteria of the compression Seminars/
members. PO 1, PSO 3
Assignments
PO 4

Prepared by
J. Cici Jennifer Raj

HOD, CIVIL ENGINEERING

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