VOLLEYBALL

Volleyball, game played by two teams, usually of six players on a side, in which the
players use their hands to bat a ball back and forth over a high net, trying to make the ball
touch the court within the opponents’ playing area before it can be returned. To prevent this
a player on the opposing team bats the ball up and toward a teammate before it touches
the court surface—that teammate may then volley it back across the net or bat it to a third
teammate who volleys it across the net. A team is allowed only three touches of the ball
before it must be returned over the net.

History

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young
Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor
sport for businessmen who found the new game of basketball too vigorous. Morgan called
the sport “mintonette,” until a professor from Springfield College in Massachusetts noted the
volleying nature of play and proposed the name of “volleyball.” The original rules were
written by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the Official Handbook of the Athletic
League of the Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America (1897). The game soon
proved to have wide appeal for both sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed forces, and
other organizations in the United States, and it was subsequently introduced to other
countries.

In 1916 rules were issued jointly by the YMCA and the National Collegiate Athletic
Association (NCAA). The first nationwide tournament in the United States was conducted by
the National YMCA Physical Education Committee in New York City in 1922. The United
States Volleyball Association (USVBA) was formed in 1928 and recognized as the rules-
making, governing body in the United States. From 1928 the USVBA—now known as USA
Volleyball (USAV)—has conducted annual national men’s and senior men’s (age 35 and
older) volleyball championships, except during 1944 and 1945. Its women’s division was
started in 1949, and a senior women’s division (age 30 and older) was added in 1977. Other
national events in the United States are conducted by member groups of the USAV such as
the YMCA and the NCAA.

Volleyball was introduced into Europe by American troops during World War I, when
national organizations were formed. The Fédération Internationale de Volley Ball (FIVB) was
organized in Paris in 1947 and moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1984. The USVBA was
one of the 13 charter members of the FIVB, whose membership grew to more than 210
member countries by the late 20th century.

International volleyball competition began in 1913 with the first Far East Games, in
Manila. During the early 1900s and continuing until after World War II, volleyball in Asia was
played on a larger court, with a lower net, and nine players on a team.

The FIVB-sponsored world volleyball championships (for men only in 1949; for both
men and women in 1952 and succeeding years) led to acceptance of standardized playing
rules and officiating. Volleyball became an Olympic sport for both men and women at the
1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo.

European championships were long dominated by Czechoslovakian, Hungarian,

Polish, Bulgarian, Romanian, and Soviet (later, Russian) teams. At the world and Olympic
level, Soviet teams have won more titles, both men’s and women’s, than those of any other
nation. Their success was attributed to widespread grassroots interest and well-organized
play and instruction at all levels of skill. A highly publicized Japanese women’s team,
Olympic champions in 1964, reflected the interest of private industry in sport. Young women
working for the sponsoring company devoted their free time to conditioning, team practice,
and competition under expert and demanding coaching. Encouraged by the Japanese
Volleyball Association, this women’s team made its mark in international competition,
winning the World Championship in 1962, 1966, and 1967, in addition to the 1964 Olympics.
At the end of the 20th century, however, the Cuban women’s team dominated both the
World Championships and the Olympics.

The Pan American Games (involving South, Central, and North America) added
volleyball in 1955, and Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Cuba, and the United States are frequent
contenders for top honours. In Asia, China, Japan, and Korea dominate competition.
Volleyball, especially beach volleyball, is played in Australia, New Zealand, and throughout
the South Pacific.

A four-year cycle of international volleyball events, recommended by the FIVB, began

in 1969 with World Cup championships, to be held in the year following the Olympic Games;
the second year is the World Championships; in the third the regional events are held (e.g.,
European championships, Asian Games, African Games, Pan American Games); and in the
fourth year the Olympic Games.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Volleyball can be played on an indoor court or at the beach, on sand, neither one
requiring a lot of equipment. The basic equipment is simple: a net, two poles and a ball.
However, there are several choices and options available, plus additional safety equipment.
The right choice in equipment and gear can make the volleyball match more enjoyable and
safe.

COURT EQUIPMENT

Volleyball can be played on an indoor court or at the beach, on sand, neither one
requiring a lot of equipment. The basic equipment is simple: a net, two poles and a ball.
However, there are several choices and options available, plus additional safety equipment.
The right choice in equipment and gear can make the volleyball match more enjoyable and
safe.

The basic court equipment is a net attached to two poles or standards. The net
measures 3 feet by 32 feet and is made of cotton or synthetic materials. For men's or co-ed
matches, the net's height is 7 feet 11 and 5/8 inches and for women's matches, it is 7 feet 4
and 1/8 inches. Additional court equipment consists of padding for the standards and a
fiberglass antenna attached to each side of the net. The antennas help determine if the ball
has been hit outside the boundaries of the court.
Balls

Volleyballs come in many colors and sizes, are made with a variety of materials and
are designed for either indoor or outdoor play. The volleyball is 25 to 27 inches in
circumference, must weigh 9 to 10 oz. and is inflated to 4.26 to 4.61 psi. An indoor
volleyball has panels with smooth seams and no exposed stitching, while an outdoor
volleyball has visible stitching. The indoor volleyball weighs a little less than an outdoor
volleyball because there is no wind to contend with on an indoor court. Volleyballs for youth
matches are smaller than the standard.

SHOES

Volleyball-specific shoes have a gum rubber sole. This type of sole provides a lot
more traction than a regular sport shoe or cross-trainer. Volleyball shoes are also made to
support a player's lateral movement. The front of the shoe has extra cushioning and
padding to help absorb some of the shock created by jumping and landing. Beach volleyball
players can get away with no shoes, playing barefoot.

PROTECTIVE GEAR

Competitive indoor volleyball players are always diving for balls to keep them in play.
To protect their knees against floor burns, they wear knee pads. There are two basic styles,
the bubble style and the flat style. The bubble style offers more padding in front of the
knee, directly on the kneecap; however, it is more bulky than the flat style. The flat style
may not have as much padding, but it does allow for freer movement. There are several
options in size and sleeve length.

VOLLEYBALL NET

Official outdoor nets measure 32 feet long by 39 inches tall. If you don't have the
space for an official size net we can make a volleyball net any size you wish. The proper
height for a men's net is 7' 11-5/8" (8 Feet) tall and for women it's 7' 4-1/8" (7 Feet 4
Inches) tall.

VOLLEYBALL COURT

The full volleyball court area is 59 feet x 29' 6". If you were using the metric system
then the half court area is 9 meters by 9 meters while the entire court is 18 meters long
by 9 meters wide.
VOLLEYBALL COURT
What is a libero?

A libero is a defensive specialist position in indoor volleyball. ... The libero usually
replaces the middle blocker position when that player rotates to the back row, but the
libero never rotates to the front row

Basic Volleyball Rules

Basic Rules and Procedures

Not knowing the basic volleyball rules can be a frustrating experience whether
you're a player, coach, or just a fan.

You may have stumbled upon volleyball on television. You're watching the game,
the referees make a call, and you don't understand why.

Maybe you have a sudden interest in volleyball now that your daughter has made the
high school volleyball team. You want to understand the rules the best you can so you can
cheer her team on.

Maybe you're a player that often gets frustrated when a referee makes a call that
you don't understand.

Maybe you're coaching and looking for every advantage you can get to help your
team win.

Maybe you're a recreational volleyball player that is looking for that edge you need.

Whether you're a coach, athlete, parent, fan, or just a recreational player, it's
a good idea to be familiar with the basic volleyball rules.

Basic Volleyball Rules for Playing the Game

 6 players on a team, 3 on the front row and 3 on the back row

 Maximum of three hits per side

 Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not considered a hit)

 Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a serve

 A ball hitting a boundary line is "in"

 A ball is "out" if it hits... 

an antennae, the floor completely outside the court,

any of the net or cables outside the antennae, the referee stand or pole,

the ceiling above a non-playable area

 It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a players body

 It is illegal to catch, hold, or throw the ball

 If two or more players contact the ball at the same time, it is considered one play
and either player involved may make the next contact (provided the next contact
isn't the teams 4th hit)

 A player can not block or attack a serve from on or inside the 10 foot line

 After the serve, front line players may switch positions at the net

 At higher competition, the officiating crew may be made up of two refs, line judges,

scorer, and an assistant scorer.

Basic Volleyball Rules Violations

The following are some basic volleyball rules for violations:

The result of a violation is a point for the opponent.

 When serving, stepping on or across the service line as you make contact with
the serve

 Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully

 Contacting the ball illegally (lifting, carrying, throwing, etc. )

 Touching the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play. Exception: If
the ball is driven into the net with such force that it causes the net to contact an
opposing player, no foul will be called, and the ball shall continue to be in play.

 When blocking a ball coming from the opponents court, contacting the ball when
reaching over the net is a violation if both: 
1) your opponent hasn't used 3 contacts AND 
2) they have a player there to make a play on the ball

 When attacking a ball coming from the opponents court, contacting the ball when
reaching over the net is a violation if the ball hasn't yet broken the vertical plane
of the net.
 Crossing the court center line with any part of your body. Exception: if it's the
hand or foot, the entire hand or entire foot must cross for it to be a violation.
 Serving out of order.
 Back row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from their opponent), when at
the moment of contact the back row player is near the net and has part of his/her
body above the top of the net (an illegal block).

 Back row player attacking a ball inside the front zone ( the area inside the 10
foot line), when at the moment of contact the ball is completely above the net (an
illegal attack).
Prepared by:
VANESSA KRISTEL A. JALANDONI
Subject Teacher