ASSOCIATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

OF THE PHILIPPINES INC.

UPDATES ON CHAPTER 5:
STRUCTURAL STEEL
NSCP 2015 Mark Elson C. Lucio
ASEP Treasurer (2015-2017)
PART 1: ASD Member (Chapter 5 NSCP v1 2015)
NSCP
National Structural Code of the Philippines

NSCP had evolved from:

Edition Year
∞ First 1972
∞ Second 1981
∞ Third 1987
∞ Fourth 1992
∞ Fifth 2001
∞ Sixth 2010
∞ Seventh 2015
 AISC
American Institute of Steel Construction

AISC Specifications and Manuals had evolve from:
Edition Year
∞ First 1927
∞ Second 1934
∞ Third 1937
∞ Fourth 1941
∞ Fifth 1946
∞ Sixth 1963
∞ Seventh 1970
∞ Eight 1980
∞ Ninth 1989

*Year indicated are first printing versions/revisions

AISC
American Institute of Steel Construction

AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges:
Title Year
∞ Code of Standard Practice 1924, 1928, &1934
Code of Standard Practice for Steel Structures Other Than
∞ 1937
Bridges
1945, 1952, 1959, 1963, 1970,
∞ Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges
1972, 1976, 1986, 1992 & 2000
AISC 303-05: Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings
∞ 2005
and Bridges
AISC 303-10: Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings
∞ 2010
and Bridges
AISC
American Institute of Steel Construction

AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings:
Title Year
∞ Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings 1990, 1992, 1997,
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (1997)
∞ 1999
Supplement No. 1
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (1997)
∞ 2000
Supplement No. 2
ANSI/AISC 341-02: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
∞ 2002
Buildings
ANSI/AISC 341-05: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
∞ 2005
Buildings, including Supplement No. 1 dated Nov. 16, 2005
ANSI/AISC 341-10: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
∞ 2010
Buildings
NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
Comparisons of the previous NSCP editions

References of NSCP:
2001 2010 2015
AISC Code 1989 AISC 303-05 AISC 303-10
ASCE ANSI A58.1-82 SEI/ASCE 7-02 ASCE/SEI 7-10

Other References of NSCP :
2001 2010 2015
ANSI/AISC 341-05 Seismic ANSI/AISC 341-10 Seismic
Seismic Provisions for Structural
Provisions for Structural Steel Provisions for Structural Steel
Steel Buildings (1997)
Buildings Buildings
ACI 349-06 Code Requirements
for Nuclear Safety-related
n/a n/a
Concrete Structures and
Commentary
NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
Comparisons of the previous NSCP editions

Other References of NSCP:
2001 2010 2015
ASCE/SFPE 29-99 Standard ASCE/SFPE 29-05 Standard
n/a Calculation Methods for Structural Calculation Methods for Structural
Fire Protection Fire Protection
ASME b18.2.6-96 Fasteners for ASME b18.2.6-06 Fasteners for
n/a
Use in Structural Applications Use in Structural Applications
ASME B46.1-95 Surface Texture, ASME B46.1-02 Surface Texture,
n/a Surface Roughness, Waviness Surface Roughness, Waviness
and Lay and Lay
NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
Comparisons of the previous NSCP editions

Revisions of NSCP Manual:
2001 2010 2015
Appendix A‐3.4 Bolts and Threaded Parts (Net Tensile Areaa)
n/a
9382 0.9382
4 4
511.2.2.3 Branches with Axial loads in K‐connections

n/a 0.24 . 0.24 .

1 .
1
0.5 .
1.33 1 .
1
510.8 (Design of Connections) Column Bases and Bearing on Concrete
n/a ∅ 0.60 ∅ 0.65
Ω 2.5 Ω 2.31
 NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
Comparisons of the previous NSCP editions

Comparison of Load Combinations (LRFD)
2001 2010 2015
1.4D 1.4(D + F) 1.4(D + F)
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr 1.2(D + F + T) + 1.6(L + H) + 0.5(Lr or R) 1.2(D + F + T) + 1.6(L + H) + 0.5(Lr or R)
1.2D + 1.6Lr + (f1L or 0.8W) 0.9D + 1.6W + 1.6H 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.5W)
1.2D + 1.3W + f1L + 0.5Lr 0.9D + 1.0E + 1.6H 1.2D + 1.0W + f1L + 0.5(Lr or R)
1.2D + 1.0E + f1L 1.2D + 1.0E + f1L
0.9D ± (1.0E or 1.3W) 0.9D + 1.0W + 1.6H
0.9D + 1.0E + 1.6H
 NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
Comparisons of the previous NSCP editions

Comparison of Load Combinations (ASD)
2001 2010 2015
D D+F D+F
D + L + Lr D+H+F+L+T D+H+F+L+T
D + [W or (E/1.4)] D + H + F + (Lr or R) D + H + F + (Lr or R)
0.9D ± (E/1.4) D + H + F + 0.75(Lr or R) D + H + F + 0.75[L + T + (Lr or R)]
D + 0.75[L + Lr + [W or D + H + F + [W or (E/1.4)] D + H + F + [0.6W or (E/1.4)]
(E/1.4)]
ASD
Allowable Strength Design

The fundamental requirement of structural design is that the required strength not exceed the
available strength.
Required Strength ≤ Available Strength

In Allowable Strength Design (ASD), the available strength value is obtained by dividing the
nominal, or theoretical strength by a factor of safety. This can be expressed as:

In AISC 2005, ASD was modified from Allowable Stress Design to Allowable Strength Design.
This minor modification changed the equations from a stress equation to strength (axial force, shear,
and flexure) equation.
ASD
Allowable Strength Design

Available strength
Required strength or
where: Allowable strength

Ra = Required Strength (applied loads)

= summation of service loads (demand)
Rn = Rnominal strength
= can be solved using the properties of structural material (cross‐sectional area,
depth, width, thickness, etc)
Rn / Ω = Allowable Strength
= maximum strength allowed to be applied on a structural material
Ω = factor of safety to accommodate uncertainties in material properties, design theory,  
workmanship and loading
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

TENSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

Ω

Yielding
0.60 Ω 1.67
of Gross Section
. .
.
Ω

Fracture
0.50 Ω 2.00
of Net Section
. .
.
Sample Problem 
Tension Member 

A single‐angle tension member, an L90 × 90 × 10, is connected to a gusset plate with 22

mm‐diameter bolts as shown. A36 steel is used. The service loads are 155 kN dead load and
67 kN live load. Investigate this member for compliance with the AISC Specification. Assume
that the effective net area is 85% of the computed net area. Use New ASD *See Section 504 of
NSCP 2015

L90 x 90 x 10
Sample Problem
Tension Member

Solution:
First, compute the nominal strengths.

Gross section: Net section:

Ag = 1713 mm2 (from the Manual) An = 1713 – (10)(22 + 3) = 1463 mm2
Ae = 85% (An) = 0.85 (1463)
Pn = FyAg Eqn. 504.2-1 = 1244 mm2
= 250 MPa (1713 mm2)
Pn = FuAe Eqn. 504.2-2
= 428.25 kN
= 400 MPa (1244 mm2)
= 497.60 kN
Sample Problem
Tension Member

a) For the gross section, the allowable strength is

428.25
.
1.67

b) For the net section, the allowable strength is

497.60
.
2.00

The smaller value controls; the allowable strength is 248.80 kN

Sample Problem
Tension Member

Solution:
c) Solve for the required strength, Pa

Pa = D+L = 155 kN + 67 kN = 222 kN

Answer:
The member is satisfactory since 222 kN < 248.80 kN
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMPRESSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

(inelastic)

⁄ Ω
1
2

KL/r ≤ Cc (old) 5 3 ⁄ ⁄ Ω 1.67

or 3 8 8
KL/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy) : 0.658
(new)
⁄
.
⁄ ⁄ .

Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMPRESSION Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

(elastic)

Ω
KL/r > Cc (old) 12
or
23 ⁄ Ω 1.67
KL/r > 4.71√(E/Fy) : 0.877
(new)
.
⁄ .
Sample Problem 
Compression Member

A W14 × 74 of A992 steel has a length of 6.0 m and pinned ends. Compute the allowable
compressive strength for ASD. *See Section 505 of NSCP 2015

Solution:
Slenderness Ratio:

Maximum KL / r 95.25 200 OK!
.

. 4.71 113.4

Since 95.25 < 113.4, it is an inelastic column.

Sample Problem 
Compression Member

Solution:
200000
217.57 MPa Eqn. 505.3-4
95.25

. 0.658 . 345 177.66 Eqn. 505.3-2

The Nominal Strength is: 177.66 14,064 , . Eqn. 505.3-1

.
The Allowable Stress is: .
. .

.
The Allowable Strength is: , .
.
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

SHEAR Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

Ω
h/tw ≤ 998/√(Fy) 0.40
. 0.6

Ω 1.50

.
0.40 .
h/tw ˃ 998/√(Fy) 2.89
.
.
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE
Laterally Supported Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
Beams
Ω

Compact sections 0.66
Ω 1.67
.
.


0.7
0.79 0.000762
Non-compact 2
1.67
sections
. . .

.
*Bending about major axis.
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)

(Lp<Lb<Lr)
(Lc<Lb<Lu)

Non-compact
sections
0.6 0.7
. 1.67

.
.

*Bending about major axis.

 Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

FLEXURE
Laterally Unsupported Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
Beams
(Lb > Lu)

703270
 
2 ⁄
3516330 0.6
  3 10550 10 (Lb > Lr)
⁄ Ω

(Lb > Lu)

Ω 1.67

3516330
  .
1170 10
⁄ 0.6
*Bending about major axis.
Sample Problem 
Flexure Member

The beam shown is a W16 × 31 of A992 steel. It supports a reinforced concrete floor slab
that provides continuous lateral support of the compression flange. The service dead load is
6.5 kN/m. This load is superimposed on the beam; it does not include the weight of the
beam itself. The service live load is 8 kN/m. Does this beam have adequate moment
strength?
wD = 6.5 kN/m
w = 6.5 kN/m
wL =D8 kN/m
wL = 8 kN/m

9.0 m
9.0 m
Sample Problem 
Flexure Member

Solution:
First, determine the nominal flexural strength. Check for compactness.
.
6.28 . 0.38 9.15 6.28
.

*The beam is COMPACT

Because the beam is compact and laterally supported, the nominal flexural strength is

345 885 103 . Eqn. 506.2-1

Compute the maximum bending moment

1
6.5 0.45 8 9.0 .
8
Sample Problem 
Flexure Member

Solution:
Compute the allowable strength

305.33
.
Ω 1.67

. .

The W16x31 is satisfactory.
Old ASD vs New ASD
Difference between the old and new ASD

COMBINED
AXIAL and Allowable Stress Design (old) Allowable Strength Design (new)
BENDING
0.15 
(old) 1.0
1.0 2

(new) . .
0.2  ⁄ ⁄ ⁄

0.15  8
(old) 1.0
1.0 9
0.6
(new) . .
0.2  . ⁄ ⁄ ⁄
References:
Segui, W. (2007). Steel Design (4th Edition). Toronto, Canada. Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada
Limited
Fisher, J. (Oct. 2005). “SPECwise: Don’t Stress Out.” Modern Steel Construction. Retrieved January 29,
2017 from https://www.aisc.org/globalassets/modern-steel/archives/2005/10
Quimby, B. (2014). “ASD vs LRFD”. A beginner’s guide to the Structural Engineering. Retrieved January
29, 2017 from http://www.bgstructuralengineering.com/BGDesign
AISC. Historic Steel Construction Manuals. Retrieved January 27, 2017 from
https://www.aisc.org/publications/historic-steel-construction-manuals/
AISC. Historic Standards. Retrieved January 27, 2017 fromhttps://www.aisc.org/publications/historic-
standards/
(2001). National Structural Code of the Philippines (5th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
(2010). National Structural Code of the Philippines (6th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
(2015) National Structural Code of the Philippines (7th Edition). Quezon City, Philippines. Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
Thank
You!