MAJOR.TES.

TEACHINGBSKILLS
SET CONTENT:

SIX APPROACHES TO TEACHING WRITING

1. The Controlled to Free Approach = learn written rules first, be free later.
2. The Free Writing Approach = write as many as you can
3. The Paragraph Pattern Approach = copy paragraph models
4. The Grammar-Syntax Organization Approach = working on many
different composition features at the same time, NOT one at a time.
5. The Communicative Approach = know why and to whom you are writing
FIRST. Let's write for someone in real life! Writing is functional!
6. The Process Approach = Writing goes through a series of steps 

LINGUISTIC APPROACH TO READING: (I divided the approaches into groups for easy recall)

1. Bloomfield Approach =the child should be acquainted with the letters of

the alphabet at the very start. The child should begin with capital letters
and then go to small letters. (KEYWORD: letters)
2. Fries Approach = to read is to shift auditory signals to visual signs and
achieve fast recognition responses (KEYWORDS: transfer signs)
3. Programmed Instruction  = material-centered approach that involves
step-by-step learning with immediate feedback and review  (KEYWORD:
material)
4. Psycholinguistic Approach = reading is receptive and involves
reconstructing author's meaning into one's own words, an interaction of
thought and language (KEYWORDS: language and thought interaction)

5. Reading as culture = reading instruction focuses on learner's

culture. (KEYWORD: culture)
6. Reading as a learned process = reading involves controlled/sequential
development of skills (KEYWORD: controlled)
7. Reading as interest = reading should be a habit; reading is personalized,
thus, recreational and enjoyable. (KEYWORD: personalized)
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8. The Linguistic Approach (see 0001) a remedial approach for learners
struggling with blending and segmentation; focus is on word families
around onsets and rimes. (KEYWORD: word families)
9. The Phonics Approach (see 0001) = kids are taught letter sounds and
symbols in order to decode written text. (KEYWORD: sounds-symbols)
10. Language Experience Approach (see 0001) = learners share her
personal story and teacher records it and use it in class; integrating four
macroskills. (KEYWORD: personal story)
11. Basal Reading Approach (see 0001) = book-based approach that is
aimed at teaching reading through levels (KEYWORD : books)

12. Whole Language Approach (see 0001) =  meaning-focused approach

that focuses on whole words, not breaking down phonemes (KEYWORD:
meaning)
13. Literature Based Approach (see 0001)  = use stories to learn culture and
language (KEYWORD: stories) 
14. .The Self Monitoring Approach to Reading and Thinking (SMART)
Strategy = learners determine what they understand and not understand
from the text and find ways to achieve comprehension. (KEYWORD:
monitor)

Intuitive Knowledge: c. knowledge without evaluation

Intuitive knowledge is when a person reaches a conlusion without step by step
evaluation. For example, you may come to the sudden conclusion of a given
fact without any solid proof. Intuitive knowledge usually involves action such as
not touching something hot or letting go if it is or not walking into a door frame.
These are actions that are performed without conscious thought.

READING INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS

1. Multisensory Reading Method = engage many senses in reading
(KEYWORD: VAKT)
2. Oral Reading Fluency Method = read out loud many times to achieve
fluency. (KEYWORD: Out loud)
3. Peer-Assisted Reading Method = Low level students are paired with high-
level students. (KEYWORD = pair)
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4. Keyword Method = Associate a new word to a more familiar image.
(KEYWORD: image)
5. Reciprocal Teaching = students act as teachers by leading the discussion
by following SPQC. (St Paul Quezon City) (KEYWORD: Student
Teachers)
6. Mapping Strategies = organize text elements in an advance organizer.
(KEYWORD: schema-building)
7. High Interest-Low Vocabulary Method = use books with easy vocabulary
to low-level readers of higher-grade levels (KEYWORD: easy)
8. Life Skills Reading = teach practical vocabulary in order to function in
everyday life (KEYWORD: practical)

Stages of Invented Spelling

Stage 1: Precommunicative Spelling
- scribble
-no phoneme grapheme correspondence
-prefer uppercase

Stage 2: Semiphonetic Spelling

-awareness of alphabetic principle
-abbreviated

Stage 3: Phonetic Spelling

-spell based on sounds
-generalize the rules

Stage 4: Transitional Spelling

-use morphological, visual and phonetic info
-reverses some letters

Stage 5: Conventional Spelling

-applies basic rules
-knows silent letters
-knows irregular spelling patterns