APPENDIX D

Shear, Moment, and Deflection

Equations for Beams
Appendix D-1 Shear, Moment, and Deflection Equations for Cantilever Beams
Slope at Deflection D
Free End Maximum Deflection at Any Point x

PL2 PL3 Px 2
1. Concentrated load at end u = dmax = d = (3L - x)
2EI 3EI 6EI
L P
x
–PL
max
P
V=P
+
V
0
0
M
–
M = –PL
Pa 2 Pa 2
2. Concentrated load at any point u = dmax = (3L - a) For 0 … x … a:
2EI 6EI
P
a b Px 2
x d = (3a - x)
–Pa 6EI
max
P For a … x … L:
V=P Pa 2
+ d = (3x - a)
V 6EI
0
0
M
–
M = –Pa
wL3 wL4 wx 2 2
3. Uniform load u = dmax = d = (x + 6L2 - 4Lx)
6EI 8EI 24EI
L
w
wL2
2 x max
wL
+ V = wL
V
0

0
M
– M = –wL2/2
Mb L Mb L2 Mb x2
4. Moment load at free end u = dmax = d =
EI 2EI 2EI
L
x
–Mb
max
P
Mb
V 0
0
M
– –Mb
 Appendix D-2 Shear, Moment, and Deflection Equations for Simply Supported Beams
Maximum
Slope at Ends, U Deflection, D max Deflection D at Any Point x

1. Concentrated center load PL2 At center: For 0 … x … L/2:

16EI
¢ - x2 ≤
3
P
L PL Px 3L2
2 48EI 12EI 4
P P
2 x 2
L
+ P/2

V 0
–
–P/2
PL/4
+
M 0

2. Concentrated load at any point At left end: For 0 … x … a:

A 3
L2 - b2
2 2 At x = :
P Pb(L - b ) Pbx 2
a b (L - x2 - b2)
6LEI 3/2 6LEI
Pb(L2 - b2)
Pb Pa
L x L 923LEI
L
+ Pb/L

V 0
–
Pab/L –Pa/L
+

M 0

3. Uniform load wL3 5wL4 wx

(L3 - 2Lx 2 + x3)
24EI 384EI 24EI
w

wL x wL
2 L 2

wL/2
+
V 0
– wL2 – wL
2
8
+
851

M 0
852 Appendix D-2 (continued)
Maximum
Slope at Ends, U Deflection, D max Deflection D at Any Point x

4. Overhung load
At left support:
Pb L
a P Pab
z
6EI
x PL
max
a
a At right support: For 0 … x … a:
b
Pab Pbx 2
+ P (x - a2)
0
3EI 6aEI
V
– At load: For 0 … z … b:
–Pb/a
Pb Pb 2 L P 3
M 0 (2L + b) dmax = [z - b(2L + b)z + 2b2 L]
6EI 3EI 6EI
– –Pb
5. Moment load between support
a M0 M0 At left support:
x L - M0
(2L2 - 6aL + 3a2)
M0 b 6EIL
L L
M0
At load:
+
¢ + - a≤
L M0 L a2
V 0
EI 3 L
M0a
+ L At right support: At load: For 0 … x … a:
M 0 M0 M0a M0 x 2
M 0b (L2 - 3a2) (2a2 - 3aL + L2) (x + 3a2 - 6aL + 2L2)
– – 6EIL 3EIL 6EIL
L

6. Overhung moment load

M0 L
At left support:
a x' M0 a
6EI
x
M0 max
a a At right support: For 0 … x … a:
b M0 M0 a M0 x 2
0 - (a - x2)
V M 3EI 6aEI
– – a0
At load: For 0 … x¿ … b:
M 0 M0(a + 3b) M0 b M0
dmax = (2L + b) (2ax¿ + 3x¿ 2)
– 3EI 6EI 6EI
M0
 Appendix D ■ Shear, Moment, and Deflection Equations for Beams 853

Appendix D-3 Shear, Moment, and Deflection Equations for Beams with Fixed Ends
Deflection D at
Deflection D Any Point x
1. Concentrated center load At center: For 0 … x … L/2:
PL3 Px 2
L
L
dmax = d = (3L - 4x)
P 192EI 48EI
PL x 2 PL
–
8 8
P P
2 2
P
+ 2
V 0
P
– PL –
2
+ 8
M 0
– PL PL
– –
8 8

2. Concentrated load at any point At load: For 0 … x … a:

L Pb 3 a3 Pb 2 x2
a P b d = d = [3aL - (3a + b)x]
2 x 3EIL3 6EIL3
– Pab Pa2b
L2 Pb 2 L2
(3a + b)
L3 Pa2
Pb2 (a + 3b)
+ (3a + b) L3
L3
V 0
– 2Pa2b2 Pa2
– (a + 3b)
+ L3
L3
M 0
Pa2b
2 –
– – Pab L2
L2

3. Uniform load At center: For 0 … x … L:

L wL4 wx 2
x dmax = d = (L - x)2
w 384EI 24EI
wL2 wL2
–
12 12
wL wL wL
2 2 2
+
V 0
– wL2
24 wL
–
+ 2
M 0

–
wL2 wL2
– –
12 12