Ubuntu Server Guide - Part1

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h?2 7QHHQrBM; +QKKM/ Bb ;`2i 7Q` ri+?BM; i?2 biimb Q7  bvM+BM; /`Bp2,
ri+? ਷MR +  i f T ` Q + f K/bii

8
S`2bb *i`HY+ iQ biQT i?2 ri+? +QKKM/X
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BMbiHH2/X hQ BMbiHH ;`m# QM i?2 M2r /`Bp2- 2Mi2` i?2 7QHHQrBM;,
bm/Q ;`m#਷ B M b i  H H f /2p fK/y

_2TH+2 f/2pfK/y rBi? i?2 TT`QT`Bi2 ``v /2pB+2 MK2X

_2bQm`+2b

h?2 iQTB+ Q7 _A. ``vb Bb  +QKTH2t QM2 /m2 iQ i?2 TH2i?Q` Q7 rvb _A. +M #2 +QM};m`2/X SH2b2 b22
i?2 7QHHQrBM; HBMFb 7Q` KQ`2 BM7Q`KiBQM,
Ç l#mMim qBFB `iB+H2b QM _A.X
Ç aQ7ir`2 _A. >PqhP
Ç JM;BM; _A. QM GBMmt

GQ;B+H oQHmK2 JM;2` UGoJV

GQ;B+H oQHmK2 JM;2`- Q` GoJ- HHQrb /KBMBbi`iQ`b iQ +`2i2 HQ;B+H pQHmK2b Qmi Q7 QM2 Q` KmHiBTH2
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Pp2`pB2r

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BMbiHHiBQM T`Q+2bb- Bi Bb #2bi iQ ;2i 7KBHB` rBi? bQK2 i2`KbX
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GoJ SoX
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AMbiHHiBQM

b M 2tKTH2 i?Bb b2+iBQM +Qp2`b BMbiHHBM; l#mMim a2`p2` 1/BiBQM rBi? fb`p KQmMi2/ QM  GoJ pQHmK2X
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So rBHH #2 //2/ 7i2` BMbiHH iQ /2KQMbi`i2 ?Qr  o: +M #2 2ti2M/2/X
h?2`2 `2 b2p2`H BMbiHHiBQM QTiBQMb 7Q` GoJ BM :mB/2/ biQ`;2 +QM};m`iBQM bi2T,
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f#QQi T`iBiBQM BM i?2 HQ+H /BbF M/ i?2 `2bi Q7 i?2 /BbF bT+2 Bb HHQ+i2/ iQ i?2 GoJ ;`QmTX
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GoJ ;`QmT Bb 2M+`vTi2/X

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GoJ M/ biM/`/ T`iBiBQMb- /m`BM; BMbiHHiBQM- Bb iQ mb2 i?Bb TT`Q+?X h?Bb Bb i?2 QTiBQM mb2/ BM
i?Bb 2tKTH2X
6QHHQr i?2 BMbiHHiBQM bi2Tb mMiBH vQm ;2i iQ i?2 aiQ`;2 +QM};m`iBQM bi2T- i?2M,
G2iǶb }`bi +`2i2  f#QQi T`iBiBQM BM  HQ+H /BbFX a2H2+i i?2 ?`/ /BbF mM/2` oAG"G1 .1oA*1a- M/
// :Sh S`BiBQMX // i?2 bBx2 M/ 7Q`Ki U2ti9V- i?2M b2H2+i f#QQi b KQmMi TQBMiX 6BMHHv- b2H2+i *`2i2X
h?2 f#QQi T`iBiBQM rBHH #2 HBbi2/ mM/2` 6AG1 auah1J alJJ_uX
L2ti- +`2i2 biM/`/ brT- M/ f T`iBiBQMb rBi? r?B+?2p2` }H2bvbi2K vQm T`272` 7QHHQrBM; i?2 bi2Tb #Qp2X
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pQHmK2 ;`QmT U/27mHi Bb p;yV- b2H2+i i?2 /2pB+2 UGoJ T?vbB+H pQHmK2V M/ i?2 bBx2- M/ +?QQb2 dz*`2i2ǴX
h?2`2 Bb M QTiBQM iQ 2M+`vTi vQm` pQHmK2- B7 vQm rMi Bi 2M+`vTi2/ b2H2+i dz*`2i2 2M+`vTi2/ pQHmK2Ǵ M/
2Mi2`  TbbrQ`/ UHbQ +QM}`K BiVX h?2 #`M/ M2r GoJ ;`QmT UB7 i?2 /27mHi rb MQi +?M;2/ Bi Bb p;yV rBHH
#2 HBbi2/ b  /2pB+2 BM oAG"G1 .1oA*1aX
hQ +`2i2  GoJ HQ;B+H pQHmK2 b2H2+i i?2 +`2i2/ GoJ pQHmK2 ;`QmT M/ dz*`2i2 GQ;B+H oQHmK2ǴX :Bp2 Bi
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KQmMi2/ i fb`p rBHH #2 HBbi2/ BM i?2 6AG1auah1J alJJ_uX
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h?2`2 `2 bQK2 mb27mH miBHBiB2b iQ pB2r BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi GoJ,
Ç Tp/BbTHv, b?Qrb BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi S?vbB+H oQHmK2bX
Ç p;/BbTHv, b?Qrb BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi oQHmK2 :`QmTbX
Ç Hp/BbTHv, b?Qrb BM7Q`KiBQM #Qmi GQ;B+H oQHmK2bX

1ti2M/BM; oQHmK2 :`QmTb

*QMiBMmBM; rBi? b`p b M GoJ pQHmK2 2tKTH2- i?Bb b2+iBQM +Qp2`b //BM;  b2+QM/ ?`/ /BbF- +`2iBM; 
S?vbB+H oQHmK2 USoV- //BM; Bi iQ i?2 pQHmK2 ;`QmT Uo:V- 2ti2M/BM; i?2 HQ;B+H pQHmK2 b`p M/ }MHHv
2ti2M/BM; i?2 }H2bvbi2KX h?Bb 2tKTH2 bbmK2b  b2+QM/ ?`/ /BbF ?b #22M //2/ iQ i?2 bvbi2KX AM i?Bb
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+QmH/ +?QQb2 iQ +`2i2 T`iBiBQMb M/ mb2 i?2K b /Bz2`2Mi T?vbB+H pQHmK2bV
q`MBM;
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+QmH/ HQb2 bQK2 /i B7 vQm Bbbm2 i?Qb2 +QKKM/b QM  MQM@2KTiv /BbFX
6B`bi- +`2i2 i?2 T?vbB+H pQHmK2- BM  i2`KBMH 2t2+mi2,
bm/Q T p + ` 2  i 2 f /2p f b/#

LQr 2ti2M/ i?2 oQHmK2 :`QmT Uo:V,


bm/Q p;2ti2M/ p;y f /2p f b/#

lb2 p;/BbTHv iQ }M/ Qmi i?2 7`22 T?vbB+H 2ti2Mib @ 6`22 S1 f bBx2 Ui?2 bBx2 vQm +M HHQ+i2VX q2 rBHH
bbmK2  7`22 bBx2 Q7 8RR S1 U2[mBpH2Mi iQ k:" rBi?  S1 bBx2 Q7 9J"V M/ r2 rBHH mb2 i?2 r?QH2 7`22 bT+2
pBH#H2X lb2 vQm` QrM S1 M/fQ` 7`22 bT+2X
h?2 GQ;B+H oQHmK2 UGoV +M MQr #2 2ti2M/2/ #v /Bz2`2Mi K2i?Q/b- r2 rBHH QMHv b22 ?Qr iQ mb2 i?2 S1 iQ
2ti2M/ i?2 Go,
bm/Q H p 2 t i 2 M / f /2p f p;y f b ` p ਷ H Y8RR

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h?2 @H QTiBQM HHQrb i?2 Go iQ #2 2ti2M/2/ mbBM; S1X h?2 @G QTiBQM HHQrb i?2 Go iQ #2 2ti2M/2/ mbBM;
J2;- :B;- h2`- 2i+ #vi2bX
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Bi Kv #2  ;QQ/ T`+iB+2 iQ mMKQmMi Bi Mvrv M/ +?2+F i?2 }H2bvbi2K- bQ i?i vQm /QMǶi K2bb mT i?2
/v vQm rMi iQ `2/m+2  HQ;B+H pQHmK2 UBM i?i +b2 mMKQmMiBM; }`bi Bb +QKTmHbQ`vVX
h?2 7QHHQrBM; +QKKM/b `2 7Q` M 1shj Q` 1sh9 }H2bvbi2KX A7 vQm `2 mbBM; MQi?2` }H2bvbi2K i?2`2
Kv #2 Qi?2` miBHBiB2b pBH#H2X
bm/Q mKQmMi f b ` p
bm/Q 2 k 7 b + F ਷7 f /2p f p;y f b ` p

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6BMHHv- `2bBx2 i?2 }H2bvbi2K,
bm/Q ` 2 b B x 2 k 7 b f /2p f p;y f b ` p

LQr KQmMi i?2 T`iBiBQM M/ +?2+F Bib bBx2X


KQmMi f /2p f p;y f b ` p f b ` p  / 7 ਷? f b ` p

_2bQm`+2b

Ç a22 i?2 l#mMim qBFB GoJ `iB+H2bX


Ç a22 i?2 GoJ >PqhP 7Q` KQ`2 BM7Q`KiBQMX
Ç 6Q` KQ`2 BM7Q`KiBQM QM 7/BbF b22 i?2 7/BbF KM T;2X

Ba*aA

h?2 Ba*aA T`QiQ+QH +M #2 mb2/ iQ BMbiHH l#mMim QM bvbi2Kb rBi? Q` rBi?Qmi ?`/ /BbFb ii+?2/- M/ B"6h
+M #2 mb2/ iQ miQKi2 Ba*aA b2imT QM BMbiHHiBQM M/ #QQiX

AMbiHHiBQM QM  /BbFH2bb bvbi2K

h?2 }`bi bi2Tb Q7  /BbFH2bb Ba*aA BMbiHHiBQM `2 B/2MiB+H iQ i?2 AMbiHHiBQM mbBM; /2#BM@BMbiHH2` b2+iBQM
mT iQ dz>`/ /`Bp2 HvQmiǴX
h?2 BMbiHH2` rBHH /BbTHv  r`MBM; rBi? i?2 7QHHQrBM; K2bb;2,
LQ / B b F / ` B p 2 rb / 2 i 2 + i 2 / X A 7 vQm FMQr i ? 2 MK2 Q 7 i ? 2 / ` B p 2 ` M22/2/ #v vQm`
/ B b F / ` B p 2 - vQm +M b 2 H 2 + i B i 7`QK i ? 2 H B b i X

a2H2+i i?2 Bi2K BM i?2 HBbi iBiH2/ HQ;BM iQ Ba*aA i`;2ibX


uQm rBHH #2 T`QKTi2/ iQ 2Mi2` M AS //`2bb iQ b+M 7Q` Ba*aA i`;2ib rBi?  /2b+`BTiBQM Q7 i?2 7Q`Ki 7Q`
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1Lh1_
A7 mi?2MiB+iBQM Bb `2[mB`2/ BM Q`/2` iQ ++2bb i?2 Ba*aA /2pB+2- T`QpB/2 i?2 mb2`MK2 BM i?2 M2ti }2H/X
Pi?2`rBb2- H2p2 Bi #HMFX
A7 vQm` bvbi2K Bb #H2 iQ +QMM2+i iQ i?2 Ba*aA T`QpB/2`- vQm b?QmH/ b22  HBbi Q7 pBH#H2 Ba*aA i`;2ib r?2`2
i?2 QT2`iBM; bvbi2K +M #2 BMbiHH2/X h?2 HBbi b?QmH/ #2 bBKBH` iQ i?2 7QHHQrBM; ,

3
a 2 H 2 + i i ? 2 Ba*aA i  ` ; 2 i b vQm rBb? i Q m b 2 X

Ba*aA i  ` ; 2 i b QM R N k X R e 3 X R X k N , j k e y ,

( ) B [ M XkyRe ਷yjX h`mbiva਷B b + b B i  ` ; 2 i , b i Q `  ; 2 X b v b y

I:Q "+F= I*QMiBMm2=

a2H2+i i?2 Ba*aA i`;2i i?i vQm rMi iQ mb2 rBi? i?2 bT+2 #`X lb2 i?2 ``Qr F2vb iQ MpB;i2 iQ i?2 i`;2i
i?i vQm rMi iQ b2H2+iX
LpB;i2 iQ I*QMiBMm2= M/ ?Bi 1Lh1_X
A7 i?2 +QMM2+iBQM iQ i?2 Ba*aA i`;2i Bb bm++2bb7mH- vQm rBHH #2 T`QKTi2/ rBi? i?2 (55) S`iBiBQM /BbFb
BMbiHHiBQM K2MmX h?2 `2bi Q7 i?2 T`Q+2/m`2 Bb B/2MiB+H iQ Mv MQ`KH BMbiHHiBQM QM ii+?2/ /BbFbX PM+2
i?2 BMbiHHiBQM Bb +QKTH2i2/- vQm rBHH #2 bF2/ iQ `2#QQiX

AMbiHHiBQM QM  bvbi2K rBi? /BbF ii+?2/

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HiBQM mbBM; /2#BM@BMbiHH2` b2+iBQM mMiBH r2 `2+? i?2 /BbF T`iBiBQMBM; K2MmX AMbi2/ Q7 mbBM; Mv Q7 i?2
:mB/2/ b2H2+iBQM- r2 M22/ iQ T2`7Q`K i?2 7QHHQrBM; bi2Tb ,
LpB;i2 iQ i?2 JMmH K2Mm 2Mi`v
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H2p2 Bi #HMFX
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i?2 QT2`iBM; bvbi2K +M #2 BMbiHH2/X h?2 HBbi b?QmH/ #2 bBKBH` iQ i?2 7QHHQrBM; ,
a 2 H 2 + i i ? 2 Ba*aA i  ` ; 2 i b vQm rBb? i Q m b 2 X

Ba*aA i  ` ; 2 i b QM R N k X R e 3 X R X k N , j k e y ,

( ) B [ M XkyRe ਷yjX h`mbiva਷B b + b B i  ` ; 2 i , b i Q `  ; 2 X b v b y

I:Q "+F= I*QMiBMm2=

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i?i vQm rMi iQ b2H2+i
LpB;i2 iQ I*QMiBMm2= M/ ?Bi 1Lh1_X
A7 bm++2bb7mH- vQm rBHH +QK2 #+F iQ i?2 K2Mm bFBM; vQm iQ GQ; BMiQ Ba*aA i`;2ibX LpB;i2 iQ 6BMBb? M/
?Bi 1Lh1_
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Bb i?2 /BbF i?i vQm b?QmH/ b2H2+i b vQm` BMbiHHiBQM /BbFX PM+2 B/2MiB}2/- vQm +M +?QQb2 Mv Q7 i?2
T`iBiBQMBM; K2i?Q/bX

N
q`MBM;
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"2 p2`v +`27mH iQ B/2MiB7v i?2 T`QT2` /2pB+2 #27Q`2 T`Q+22/BM; rBi? i?2 BMbiHHiBQMX Pi?2`rBb2-
B``2p2`bB#H2 /i HQbb Kv `2bmHi 7`QK T2`7Q`KBM; M BMbiHHiBQM QM i?2 r`QM; /BbFX

AMbiHHiBQM rBi? B"6h

AM Q`/2` iQ b2imT Ba*aA #b2/ QM i?2 B"6h UBa*aA "QQi 6B`Kr`2 h#H2V QM i?2 BMbiHHiBQM M/ #QQi-
TT2M/ i?2b2 QTiBQMb i i?2 BMbiHH2` T`QKTi UQ` iQ i?2 T`2b22/ }H2V,
/ B b F ਷/ 2 i 2 + i f B # 7 i f 2 M  # H 24i ` m 2 T`iKM਷ B b + b B f B b + b B n  m i Q4i ` m 2

h?Bb b?QmH/ T`Q#2 7Q` B"6h BM7Q`KiBQM M/ +QM};m`2 M2irQ`F BMi2`7+2UbV M/ Ba*aA i`;2iUbV ++Q`/BM;Hv
/m`BM; i?2 BMbiHHiBQM- M/ +QM};m`2 bvbi2K #QQi UBMBi`K7bV iQ /Q i?i iQQ BM Q`/2` iQ }M/ i?2 `QQi /2pB+2X
q`MBM; h?2 bmTTQ`i 7Q` B"6h Bb pBH#H2 BM i?2 /2#BM@BMbiHH2` QM M2i#QQi BK;2b b Q7
kyRN@ye@ky M/ U2tT2+i2/V QM AaP BK;2b 7Q` i?2 R3Xy9Xj TQBMi `2H2b2 M/ Hi2`X

_2#QQiBM; iQ M Ba*aA i`;2i

h?2 T`Q+2/m`2 Bb bT2+B}+ iQ vQm` ?`/r`2 THi7Q`KX b M 2tKTH2- ?2`2 Bb ?Qr iQ `2#QQi iQ vQm` Ba*aA
i`;2i mbBM; BSs1
BSs1= /?+T

* Q M 7 B ; m ` B M ; U M 2 i y 8 k , 8 9 , y y , 9 , 7 k , N V X X X X X X X QF

BSs1= b  M # QQ i B b + b B , R N k X R e 3 X R X k N , , , , B [ M XkyRe ਷yjX h`mbiva਷B b + b B i  ` ; 2 i , b i Q `  ; 2 X


bvby

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Ç R Hm @ U>`/r`2@/2T2M/2MiV >`/r`2 ?M/H2` 7Q` a*aA@j Gl +QKTiB#H2 ``vbX
Ç R M @ U>`/r`2@/2T2M/2MiV >`/r`2 ?M/H2` 7Q` LoJ2 L +QKTiB#H2 ``vbX
h?2 7QHHQrBM; ii`B#mi2b `2 QTiBQMHc B7 MQi b2i i?2 /27mHi pHm2b `2 iF2M 7`QK i?2 /27mHib b2+iBQM,
Ç Ti?n;`QmTBM;nTQHB+v
Ç mB/nii`B#mi2
Ç ;2imB/n+HHQmi
Ç Ti?nb2H2+iQ`
Ç Ti?n+?2+F2`
Ç T`BQ
Ç T`BQn`;b
Ç 72im`2b
Ç 7BH#+F
Ç ``nr2B;?i
Ç MQnTi?n`2i`v
Ç ``nKBMnBQ
Ç ``nKBMnBQn`[
Ç 7binBQn7BHniKQ
Ç /2pnHQbbniKQ
Ç ~mb?nQMnHbin/2H
Ç mb2`n7`B2M/HvnMK2b
Ç `2iBMnii+?2/n?rn?M/H2`
Ç /2i2+inT`BQ
Ç /2i2+in+?2+F2`
Ç /272``2/n`2KQp2
Ç bMnTi?n2``ni?`2b?QH/
Ç bMnTi?n2``n7Q`;2in`i2
Ç bMnTi?n2``n`2+Qp2`vniBK2
Ç K`;BMHnTi?n2``nbKTH2niBK2
Ç K`;BMHnTi?n2``n`i2ni?`2b?QH/
Ç K`;BMHnTi?n2``n`2+?2+Fn;TniBK2
Ç K`;BMHnTi?n/Qm#H2n7BH2/niBK2
Ç /2Hvnri+?n+?2+Fb
Ç /2HvnrBin+?2+Fb

j9
Ç bFBTnFT`it
Ç Ktnb2+iQ`bnF#
Ç ;?Qbin/2Hv
Ç HHni;nTi
1tKTH2,
/2pB+2b &
/2pB+2 &
p2M/Q` ǴjS_/iǴ
T ` Q / m + i ǴooǴ
Ti?n;`QmTBM;nTQHB+v Ǵ ;`QmTn#vnT`BQ Ǵ
?`/r`2n?M/H2` ǴR  H m  Ǵ
T`BQ Ǵ Hm Ǵ
7  B H #  + F Ǵ BKK2/Bi2 Ǵ
MQnTi?n`2i`v R3
7  b i n B Q n 7  B H n i K Q Ry
/2pnHQbbniKQ Ǵ B M 7 B M B i v Ǵ
'
/2pB+2 &
p2M/Q` Ǵ.1*Ǵ
T ` Q / m + i Ǵ>a:3yǴ
Ti?n;`QmTBM;nTQHB+v Ǵ ;`QmTn#vnT`BQ Ǵ
Ti?n+?2+F2` Ǵ?TnbrǴ
?`/r`2n?M/H2` ǴR ?TnbrǴ
T ` B Q Ǵ?TnbrǴ
MQnTi?n`2i`v Ǵ [m2m2 Ǵ
'
'

.2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ a2imT


.2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi? rBHH #2 `272``2/ ?2`2 b KmHiBTi? QMHvX
"27Q`2 KQpBM; QM rBi? i?Bb b2bbBQM Bi Bb `2+QKK2M/2/ i?i vQm `2/, RX .2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiB@
Ti?BM; @ AMi`Q/m+iBQM kX .2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ *QM};m`iBQM
h?Bb b2+iBQM T`QpB/2b bi2T@#v@bi2T 2tKTH2 T`Q+2/m`2b 7Q` +QM};m`BM; KmHiBTi?X
Ai BM+Hm/2b i?2 7QHHQrBM; T`Q+2/m`2b,
Ç "bB+ b2imT
Ĝ JBM /27mHib  /2pB+2b ii`B#mi2bX
Ĝ a?Qrb ?Qr iQ B;MQ`2 /BbFb rBi? #H+FHBbib
Ĝ a?Qrb ?Qr iQ `2MK2 /BbFb mbBM; qqA.b
Ç *QM};m`BM; +iBp2f+iBp2 Ti?b

"bB+ a2imT

"27Q`2 b2iiBM; mT KmHiBTi? QM vQm` bvbi2K- 2Mbm`2 i?i vQm` bvbi2K ?b #22M mT/i2/ M/ BM+Hm/2b i?2
KmHiBTi?@iQQHb T+F;2X A7 #QQi 7`QK aL Bb /2bB`2/- i?2M i?2 KmHiBTi?@iQQHb@#QQi T+F;2 Bb HbQ
`2[mB`2/X

j8
 p2`v bBKTH2 f2i+fKmHiBTi?X+QM7 }H2 2tBbib- b 2tTHBM2/ BM .2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ *QM};m`iBQM
b2bbBQMX HH i?2 MQM@/2+H`2/ BM KmHiBTi?X+QM7 ii`B#mi2b `2 iF2M 7`QK KmHiBTi?@iQQHb BMi2`MH /i#b2
M/ Bib BMi2`MH #H+FHBbiX
h?2 BMi2`MH ii`B#mi2b /i#b2 +M #2 +[mB`2/ #v /QBM;,
0 bm/Q KmHiBTi? @i
JmHiBTi? Bb mbmHHv #H2 iQ rQ`F Qmi@Q7@i?2@#Qt rBi? KQbi +QKKQM biQ`;2bX h?Bb /Q2b MQi K2M i?2
/27mHi +QM};m`iBQM p`B#H2b b?QmH/ #2 mb2/ BM T`Q/m+iBQM, i?2v /QMǶi i`2i BKTQ`iMi T`K2i2`b vQm`
biQ`;2 KB;?i M22/X
qBi? i?2 BMi2`MH ii`B#mi2b- /2b+`B#2/ #Qp2- M/ i?2 ;Bp2M 2tKTH2 #2HHQr- vQm rBHH HBF2Hv #2 #H2 iQ
+`2i2 vQm` f2i+fKmHiBTi?X+QM7 }H2 #v b[mb?BM; i?2 +Q/2 #HQ+Fb #2HHQrX JF2 bm`2 iQ `2/ 2p2`v /27mHib
b2+iBQM ii`B#mi2 +QKK2Mib M/ +?M;2 Bi #b2/ QM vQm` 2MpB`QMK2Mi M22/bX
Ç 1tKTH2 Q7  /27mHib b2+iBQM,
/27mHib &
O
O MK2 , TQHHBM;nBMi2`pH
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , B M i 2 ` p  H #2ir22M irQ Ti? + ? 2 + F b B M b 2 + Q M / b X 6Q`
O T ` Q T 2 ` H v 7 m M + i B Q M B M ; Ti?b - i ? 2 B M i 2 ` p  H #2ir22M + ? 2 + F b
O r B H H ;`/mHHv B M + ` 2  b 2 iQ U9 TQHHBM;nBMi2`pH V X
O pHm2b , M = y
O /27mHi , 8
O
T Q H H B M ; n B M i 2 ` p  H Ry

O
O MK2 , Ti?nb2H2+iQ`
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i Ti? b 2 H 2 + i Q `  H ; Q ` B i ? K i Q m b 2
O i ? 2 b 2  H ; Q ` B i ? K b  ` 2 Q 7 7 2 ` 2 / #v i ? 2 F 2 ` M 2 H K m H i B T  i ? i  ` ; 2 i
O p  H m 2 b , Ǵ `QmM/਷` Q # B M yǴ 4 GQQT i?`Qm;? 2 p 2 ` v Ti? B M i ? 2 Ti? ;`QmT -
O b 2 M / B M ; i ? 2 bK2 KQmMi Q 7 AP i Q 2+? X
O Ǵ [m2m2਷H 2 M ; i ? yǴ 4 a2M/ i ? 2 M2ti #mM+? Q 7 AP /QrM i ? 2 Ti?
O rBi? i ? 2 H 2  b i KQmMi Q 7 Q m i b i  M / B M ; AP X
O Ǵ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 yǴ 4 *?QQb2 i ? 2 Ti? 7 Q ` i ? 2 M2ti #mM+? Q 7 AP
O #b2/ QM i ? 2 KQmMi Q 7 Q m i b i  M / B M ; AP i Q
O i ? 2 Ti? M/ B i b ` 2 H  i B p 2 i?`Qm;?Tmi X
O / 2 7  m H i , Ǵ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 yǴ
O
T  i ? n b 2 H 2 + i Q ` Ǵ `QmM/਷` Q # B M yǴ

O
O MK2 , Ti?n;`QmTBM;nTQHB+v
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i Ti? ; ` Q m T B M ; T Q H B + v i Q TTHv i Q m M b T 2 + B 7 B 2 /
O KmHiBTi?b
O pHm2b , 7BHQp2` 4 R Ti? T 2 ` T ` B Q ` B i v ;`QmT
O KmHiB#mb 4  H H p  H B / T  i ? b B M R T ` B Q ` B i v ;`QmT
O ;`QmTn#vnb2`BH 4 R T ` B Q ` B i v ;`QmT T 2 ` / 2 i 2 + i 2 / b 2 ` B  H
O MmK#2`
O ;`QmTn#vnT`BQ 4 R T ` B Q ` B i v ;`QmT T 2 ` Ti? T ` B Q ` B i v
O pHm2

je
O ;`QmTn#vnMQ/2nMK2 4 R T ` B Q ` B i v ;`QmT T 2 ` i  ` ; 2 i MQ/2 MK2
O /27mHi , 7BHQp2`
O
Ti?n;`QmTBM;nTQHB+v K m H i B # m b

O
O MK2 , mB/nii`B#mi2
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i m/2p  i i ` B # m i 2 7`QK r?B+? i ? 2 Ti?
O B / 2 M i B 7 B 2 ` b ? Q m H / #2 ; 2 M 2 `  i 2 / X
O / 2 7  m H i , A.na1_AG
O
m B / n  i i ` B # m i 2 ǴA.na1_AGǴ

O
O MK2 , ;2imB/n+HHQmi
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i T`Q;`K M/  ` ; b i Q +  H H Q m i i Q Q # i  B M  mMB[m2
O Ti? B / 2 M i B 7 B 2 ` X h?Bb T`K2i2` B b / 2 T ` 2 +  i 2 / X
O h?Bb T`K2i2` B b / 2 T ` 2 +  i 2 / - b m T 2 ` b 2 / 2 / #v m B / n  i i ` B # m i 2
O / 2 7  m H i , f H B # f m/2p f b + b B n B / ਷਷r ? B i 2 H B b i 2 / ਷਷/ 2 p B + 2 4f/2pfWM
O
; 2 i m B / n +  H H Q m i Ǵf H B # f m/2p f b + b B n B / ਷਷r ? B i 2 H B b i 2 / ਷਷/ 2 p B + 2 4f/2pfWMǴ

O
O MK2 , T`BQ
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i 7 m M + i B Q M i Q +  H H i Q Q # i  B M  Ti?
O T ` B Q ` B i v p  H m 2 X h?2 Gl # B i b B M aS*਷j T ` Q p B / 2 M
O 2 t T H Q B i  # H 2 T ` B Q p  H m 2 7 Q ` 2tKTH2 X
O /27mHi , +QMbi
O
O T`BQ Ǵ Hm Ǵ

O
O MK2 , T`BQn`;b
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 `;mK2Mib b i ` B M ; T  b b 2 / i Q i ? 2 T ` B Q 7 m M + i B Q M
O JQbi T ` B Q 7 m M + i B Q M b /Q MQi M22/ `;mK2Mib X h?2
O /  i  + Q ` 2 T ` B Q ` B i B x 2 ` M22/ QM2 X
O /27mHi , U MmHH V
O
O T ` B Q n  ` ; b Ǵ i B K 2 Q m i 4Ryyy T ` 2 7 2 ` ` 2 / b / b47 Q Q Ǵ

O
O MK2 , 72im`2b
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 / 2 7  m H i 2 t i `  7 2  i m ` 2 b Q 7 K m H i B T  i ? / 2 p B + 2 b X
O avMit B b ǴMmK ( 7 2  i m ` 2 n y 7 2  i m ` 2 n R X X X ) Ǵ - r?2`2 ǵMmK Ƕ B b i ? 2
O MmK#2` Q 7 7 2  i m ` 2 b B M i ? 2 7 Q H H Q r B M ; U T Q b b B # H v 2KTiv V H B b i Q 7
O 72im`2b X
O pHm2b , [m2m2nB7nMQnTi? 4 Zm2m2 AP B 7 MQ Ti? B b  + i B p 2 c + Q M b B / 2 `
O m b B M ; i ? 2 ǵ MQnTi?n`2i`v Ƕ F2vrQ`/ B M b i 2  / X
O MQnT`iBiBQMb 4 .Bb#H2 miQKiB+ T  ` i B i B Q M b ;2M2`iBQM pB

jd
O FT`it X
O / 2 7  m H i , ǴyǴ
O
72im`2b ǴyǴ
O7 2  i m ` 2 b ǴR [m2m2nB7nMQnTi? Ǵ
O7 2  i m ` 2 b ǴR M Q n T  ` i B i B Q M b Ǵ
O7 2  i m ` 2 b Ǵk [m2m2nB7nMQnTi? M Q n T  ` i B i B Q M b Ǵ

O
O MK2 , Ti?n+?2+F2` - + ? 2 + F 2 `
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 / 2 7  m H i K2i?Q/ mb2/ i Q / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 i ? 2 Ti?b Ƕ b i  i 2
O p  H m 2 b , ` 2  / b 2 + i Q ` y % i m ` % 2 K + n + H  ` B B Q M % ?Tnbr % / B ` 2 + i B Q % ` /  + % + + B b b n i m `
O /27mHi , /B`2+iBQ
O
Ti?n+?2+F2` / B ` 2 + i B Q

O
O MK2 , ``nKBMnBQ
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 MmK#2` Q 7 AP i Q ` Q m i 2 i Q  Ti? # 2 7 Q ` 2 b r B i + ? B M ;
O i Q i ? 2 M2ti B M i ? 2 bK2 Ti? ;`QmT 7 Q ` i ? 2 #BQ਷#b2/
O K m H i B T  i ? B K T H 2 K 2 M i  i B Q M X h?Bb T`K2i2` B b mb2/ 7 Q `
O F 2 ` M 2 H b p 2 ` b B Q M mT i Q k X e X j R c M2r2` F 2 ` M 2 H p 2 ` b B Q M
O m b 2 i ? 2 T`K2i2` ``nKBMnBQn`[
O /27mHi , Ryyy
O
``nKBMnBQ Ryy

O
O MK2 , ``nKBMnBQn`[
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i ? 2 MmK#2` Q 7 AP i Q ` Q m i 2 i Q  Ti? # 2 7 Q ` 2 b r B i + ? B M ;
O i Q i ? 2 M2ti B M i ? 2 bK2 Ti? ;`QmT 7 Q ` i ? 2 ` 2 [ m 2 b i ਷#b2/
O K m H i B T  i ? B K T H 2 K 2 M i  i B Q M X h?Bb T`K2i2` B b mb2/ 7 Q `
O F 2 ` M 2 H b p 2 ` b B Q M b H  i 2 ` i?M k X e X j R X
O /27mHi , R
O
``nKBMnBQn`[ R

O
O MK2 , 7Hmb?nQMnHbin/2H
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i i Q Ǵ v 2 b Ǵ - K m H i B T  i ? / r B H H / B b  # H 2 [ m 2 m 2 B M ; r?2M i ? 2
O H  b i Ti? i Q  / 2 p B + 2 ?b #22M / 2 H 2 i 2 / X
O p  H m 2 b , v 2 b % MQ
O / 2 7  m H i , MQ
O
7Hmb?nQMnHbin/2H v2b

O
O MK2 , Ktn7/b
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , a 2 i b i ? 2 KtBKmK MmK#2` Q 7 QT2M 7 B H 2 / 2 b + ` B T i Q ` b 7 Q ` i ? 2

j3
O Km H i B T  i ? / T ` Q + 2 b b X
O p  H m 2 b , Kt % M = y
O / 2 7  m H i , LQM2
O
Ktn7/b 3RNk

O
O MK2 , ``nr2B;?i
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , B 7 b 2 i iQ T ` B Q ` B i B 2 b i?2 KmHiBTi? + Q M 7 B ; m `  i Q ` r B H H  b b B ; M
O Ti? r 2 B ; ? i b  b Ǵ Ti? T ` B Q ``nKBMnBQ Ǵ
O pHm2b , T ` B Q ` B i B 2 b % mMB7Q`K
O /27mHi , mMB7Q`K
O
``nr2B;?i T`BQ`BiB2b

O
O MK2 , 7BH#+F
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i 2 H H i ? 2 /2KQM i Q KM;2 Ti? ;`QmT 7  B H #  + F - Q ` MQi i Q X
O y K2Mb BKK2/Bi2 7  B H #  + F - p  H m 2 b =y K2Mb / 2 7 7 2 ` 2 /
O 7  B H #  + F 2tT`2bb2/ BM b2+QM/b X
O p  H m 2 b , KMmH % BKK2/Bi2 % M = y
O / 2 7  m H i , KMmH
O
7  B H #  + F BKK2/Bi2

O
O MK2 , MQnTi?n`2i`v
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , i 2 H H i ? 2 MmK#2` Q 7 ` 2 i ` B 2 b m M i B H / B b  # H 2 [m2m2BM; - Q `
O Ǵ 7  B H Ǵ K2Mb BKK2/Bi2 7  B H m ` 2 U MQ [ m 2 m 2 B M ; V -
O Ǵ [m2m2 Ǵ K2Mb M 2 p 2 ` b i Q T [ m 2 m 2 B M ;
O p  H m 2 b , [m2m2 % 7  B H % M U =yV
O /27mHi , U MmHH V
O
MQnTi?n`2i`v 7  B H

O
O MK2 , [m2m2nrBi?Qmin/2KQM
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i i Q Ǵ MQ Ǵ - K m H i B T  i ? / r B H H / B b  # H 2 [ m 2 m 2 B M ; 7 Q `  H H
O / 2 p B + 2 b r?2M B i B b b ? m i /QrM X
O p  H m 2 b , v 2 b % MQ
O / 2 7  m H i , v2b
[m2m2nrBi?Qmin/2KQM MQ

O
O MK2 , mb2`n7`B2M/HvnMK2b
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i iQ Ǵ v2b Ǵ - mbBM; i?2 #BM/BM;b 7 B H 2
O f 2 i + f K m H i B T  i ? f # B M / B M ; b i Q  b b B ; M  T 2 ` b B b i 2 M i M/
O mMB[m2  H B  b i Q i ? 2 KmHiBTi? - B M i ? 2 7Q`K Q 7 KTi?IM=X
O A 7 b 2 i i Q Ǵ MQ Ǵ m b 2 i ? 2 qqA.  b i ? 2  H B  b X AM 2 B i ? 2 ` +  b 2

jN
O i ? B b #2 r B H H #2 Q p 2 ` ` B / 2 M #v Mv b T 2 + B 7 B +  H B  b 2 b B M i ? B b
O 7BH2 X
O p  H m 2 b , v 2 b % MQ
O / 2 7  m H i , MQ
mb2`n7`B2M/HvnMK2b v2b

O
O MK2 , KQ/2
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 KQ/2 i Q m b 2 7 Q ` i ? 2 K m H i B T  i ? / 2 p B + 2 MQ/2b - B M Q + i  H X
O pHm2b , yyyy ਷ yddd
O /27mHi , / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 / #v i ? 2 T ` Q + 2 b b
KQ/2 ye99

O
O MK2 , mB/
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 m b 2 ` B / i Q m b 2 7 Q ` i ? 2 K m H i B T  i ? / 2 p B + 2 MQ/2b X uQm
O Kv m b 2 2 B i ? 2 ` i ? 2 MmK2`B+ Q ` b v K # Q H B + m B /
O pHm2b , Imb2`nB/=
O /27mHi , / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 / #v i ? 2 T ` Q + 2 b b
mB/ y

O
O MK2 , ;B/
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 ;`QmT B / i Q m b 2 ` 7 Q ` i ? 2 K m H i B T  i ? / 2 p B + 2 MQ/2b X uQm
O Kv m b 2 2 B i ? 2 ` i ? 2 MmK2`B+ Q ` b v K # Q H B + ; B /
O pHm2b , I;`QmTnB/=
O /27mHi , / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 / #v i ? 2 T ` Q + 2 b b
;B/ /BbF

O
O MK2 , +?2+F2`niBK2Qmi
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 i B K 2 Q m i i Q m b 2 7 Q ` Ti? + ? 2 + F 2 ` b M/ T ` B Q ` B i B x 2 ` b
O i ?  i B b b m 2 b + b B +QKKM/b rBi? M 2 t T H B + B i iBK2Qmi - B M
O b2+QM/b X
O pHm2b , M = y
O / 2 7  m H i , i  F 2 M 7`QK f b v b f # H Q + F f b/It=f / 2 p B + 2 f i B K 2 Q m i
+ ? 2 + F 2 ` n i B K 2 Q m i ey

O
O MK2 , 7binBQn7BHniKQ
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 MmK#2` Q 7 b 2 + Q M / b i ? 2 b + b B H  v 2 ` r B H H r  B i  7 i 2 ` 
O T`Q#H2K ?b #22M / 2 i 2 + i 2 / QM  6* `2KQi2 T Q ` i # 2 7 Q ` 2 7  B H B M ;
O AP i Q / 2 p B + 2 b QM i ?  i `2KQi2 T Q ` i X
O p  H m 2 b , Q 7 7 % M =4 y U b K  H H 2 ` i?M /2pnHQbbniKQ V
O / 2 7  m H i , / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 / #v i ? 2 Pa
7binBQn7BHniKQ 8

O
O MK2 , /2pnHQbbniKQ

9y
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , h?2 MmK#2` Q 7 b 2 + Q M / b i ? 2 b + b B H  v 2 ` r B H H r  B i  7 i 2 ` 
O T`Q#H2K ?b #22M / 2 i 2 + i 2 / QM  6* `2KQi2 T Q ` i # 2 7 Q ` 2
O `2KQpBM; B i 7`QK i ? 2 bvbi2K X
O pHm2b , B M 7 B M B i v % M = y
O / 2 7  m H i , / 2 i 2 ` K B M 2 / #v i ? 2 Pa
/2pnHQbbniKQ Rky

O
O MK2 , #BM/BM;bn7BH2
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?
O /2b+ , h?2 H Q +  i B Q M Q 7 i ? 2 # B M / B M ; b 7 B H 2 i ?  i B b mb2/ rBi?
O i?2 mb2`n7`B2M/HvnMK2b QTiBQM X
O p  H m 2 b , I7mHHnTi?MK2=
O / 2 7  m H i , Ǵf p` f H B # f K m H i B T  i ? f # B M / B M ; b Ǵ
O # B M / B M ; b n 7 B H 2 Ǵf 2 i + f K m H i B T  i ? f # B M / B M ; b Ǵ

O
O MK2 , rrB/bn7BH2
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?
O /2b+ , h?2 H Q +  i B Q M Q 7 i ? 2 rrB/b 7 B H 2 K m H i B T  i ? m b 2 b i Q
O F22T i `  + F Q 7 i ? 2 + ` 2  i 2 / K m H i B T  i ? / 2 p B + 2 b X
O p  H m 2 b , I7mHHnTi?MK2=
O / 2 7  m H i , Ǵf p` f H B # f K m H i B T  i ? f rrB/b Ǵ
O r r B / b n 7 B H 2 Ǵf 2 i + f K m H i B T  i ? f rrB/b Ǵ

O
O MK2 , `2b2`piBQMnF2v
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?
O /2b+ , a 2 ` p B + 2  + i B Q M ` 2 b 2 ` p  i B Q M F2v mb2/ #v K T  i ? T 2 ` b B b i X
O p  H m 2 b , IF2v=
O /27mHi , U MmHH V
O ` 2 b 2 ` p  i B Q M n F 2 v Ǵ KTi?F2v Ǵ

O
O MK2 , 7Q`+2nbvM+
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i i Q v2b - K m H i B T  i ? r B H H `mM  H H Q 7 i ? 2 + ? 2 + F 2 ` b B M
O bvM+ KQ/2 - 2p2M B 7 i ? 2 + ? 2 + F 2 ` ?b M bvM+ KQ/2 X
O p  H m 2 b , v 2 b % MQ
O / 2 7  m H i , MQ
7Q`+2nbvM+ v2b

O
O MK2 , +QM7B;n/B`
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 MQi b 2 i i Q M 2KTiv b i ` B M ; - K m H i B T  i ? r B H H b 2  ` + ?
O i ? B b / B ` 2 + i Q ` v  H T ?  # 2 i B +  H H v 7 Q ` 7 B H 2 b 2M/BM; BM Ǵ X +QM7 Ǵ
O M/ B i r B H H ` 2  / + Q M 7 B ; m `  i B Q M B M 7 Q ` K  i B Q M 7`QK i ? 2 b 2
O 7 B H 2 b - D m b i  b B 7 B i rb B M f 2 i + f K m H i B T  i ? X + Q M 7
O p  H m 2 b , ǴǴ Q `  7 m H H v [ m  H B 7 B 2 / Ti?MK2
O / 2 7  m H i , Ǵf 2 i + f K m H i B T  i ? f + Q M 7 X /Ǵ

9R
O MK2 , /2Hvnri+?n+?2+Fb
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i i Q  p  H m 2 ; ` 2  i 2 ` i?M y - K m H i B T  i ? / r B H H ri+?
O T  i ? b i ?  i ?p2 ` 2 + 2 M i H v #2+QK2 p  H B / 7 Q ` i ? B b KMv
O +?2+Fb X A 7 i?2v 7  B H  ;  B M r ? B H 2 i?2v  ` 2 # 2 B M ; ri+?2/ -
O r?2M i?2v M2ti #2+QK2 p  H B / - i?2v r B H H MQi #2 mb2/ m M i B H
O i?2v ?p2 b i  v 2 / mT 7 Q ` /2HvnrBin+?2+Fb + ? 2 + F b X
O p  H m 2 b , MQ%IM= = y
O / 2 7  m H i , MQ
/2Hvnri+?n+?2+Fb Rk

O
O MK2 , /2HvnrBin+?2+Fb
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , A 7 b 2 i i Q  p  H m 2 ; ` 2  i 2 ` i?M y - r?2M  / 2 p B + 2 i ?  i ?b
O ` 2 + 2 M i H v +QK2 #+F Q M H B M 2 7  B H b  ;  B M r B i ? B M
O /2Hvnri+?n+?2+Fb +?2+Fb - i?2 M2ti iBK2 B i +QK2b #+F
O Q M H B M 2 - B i r B H H K`F2/ M/ /2Hv2 / - M/ MQi mb2/ m M i B H
O B i ?b T  b b 2 / /2HvnrBin+?2+Fb + ? 2 + F b X
O p  H m 2 b , MQ%IM= = y
O / 2 7  m H i , MQ
/2HvnrBin+?2+Fb Rk
'

Ç 1tKTH2 Q7  KmHiBTi?b b2+iBQMX = LQi2, uQm +M Q#iBM i?2 qqA.b 7Q` vQm` GlLb 2t2+miBM;, =
= 0 KmHiBTi? @HH = = 7i2` i?2 b2`pB+2 KmHiBTi?@iQQHbXb2`pB+2 ?b #22M `2bi`i2/X
KmHiBTi?b &
KmHiBTi? &
rrB/ jeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2yyyyyyyyyjyyyR
 H B  b v2HHQr
'
KmHiBTi? &
rrB/ jeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2yyyyyyyyykyyyR
 H B  b #Hm2
'
KmHiBTi? &
rrB/ jeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2yyyyyyyyyRyyyR
 H B  b `2/
'
KmHiBTi? &
rrB/ jeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2yyyyyyyyy9yyyR
 H B  b ;`22M
'
KmHiBTi? &
rrB/ jeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2yyyyyyyyy8yyyR
 H B  b Tm`TH2
'
'

Ç aKHH 2tKTH2 Q7  /2pB+2b b2+iBQM,


O /2pB+2b &
O /2pB+2 &
O p2M/Q` ǴA"JǴ

9k
O T `Q/m+i ǴkRydNyyǴ
O T i?n;`QmTB M ;nT QH B +v ; `Q m T n # vn b2 `B H
O '
O '
O

Ç 1tKTH2 Q7  #H+FHBbi b2+iBQM,


O MK2 , #H+FHBbi
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , H B b i Q 7 / 2 p B + 2 MK2b i Q / B b +  ` /  b MQi K m H i B T  i ? +  M / B /  i 2 b
O
O . 2 p B + 2 b +M #2 B / 2 M i B 7 B 2 / #v i ? 2 B ` / 2 p B + 2 MQ/2 MK2 Ǵ /2pMQ/2 Ǵ -
O i ? 2 B ` qqA. ǴrrB/ Ǵ - Q ` i ? 2 B ` p2M/2` M/ T`Q/m+i b i ` B M ; b Ǵ / 2 p B + 2 Ǵ
O / 2 7  m H i , 7/ - ?/ - K/- /K- b ` - b+/ - b i - `K - `r - HQQT - / + b b # H F
O
O #H+FHBbi &
O rrB/ kej8jNyy 7 y k d N e d e N
O /2pMQ/2 ǴU `K % `r % H Q Q T % 7 / %K/% /K਷% b ` % b + / % b i V (y ਷ N)$ Ǵ
O /2pMQ/2 Ǵ?/ ( ਷x ) Ǵ
O /2pMQ/2 Ǵ / + b b # H F (y ਷N)$ Ǵ
O /2pB+2 &
O p2M/Q` .1*X $
O T ` Q / m + i Ja( R 8 ) y y
O '
O '

Ç 1tKTH2 Q7  #H+FHBbi 2t+2TiBQM b2+iBQM,


O MK2 , #H+FHBbin2t+2TiBQMb
O b+QT2 , KmHiBTi?  KmHiBTi?/
O /2b+ , H B b i Q 7 / 2 p B + 2 MK2b i Q #2 i ` 2  i 2 /  b K m H i B T  i ? +  M / B /  i 2 b
O 2p2M B 7 i?2v  ` 2 QM i ? 2 # H  + F H B b i X
O
O LQi2 , # H  + F H B b i 2 t + 2 T i B Q M b  ` 2 Q M H v p  H B / B M i ? 2 bK2 + H  b b X
O A i B b MQi T Q b b B # H 2 i Q # H  + F H B b i / 2 p B + 2 b m b B M ; i ? 2 /2pMQ/2 F2vrQ`/
O M/ i Q 2 t + H m / 2 bQK2 / 2 p B + 2 b Q 7 i?2K m b B M ; i ? 2 rrB/ F2vrQ`/ X
O /27mHi , ਷
O
O #H+FHBbin2t+2TiBQMb &
O /2pMQ/2 Ǵ /b/ ( +਷/ )Y(y ਷N)$ Ǵ
O rrB/ ǴA"JX d 8 y y y y y y y N k 9 e R X 9 /yy X j 9 Ǵ
O rrB/ ǴA"JX d 8 y y y y y y y N k 9 e R X 9 /yy X j 8 Ǵ
O rrB/ ǴA"JX d 8 y y y y y y y N k 9 e R X 9 /yy X j e Ǵ
O '

.2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ lb;2  .2#m;


.2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi? rBHH #2 `272``2/ ?2`2 b KmHiBTi? QMHvX
"27Q`2 KQpBM; QM rBi? i?Bb b2bbBQM Bi Bb `2+QKK2M/2/ i?i vQm `2/, RX .2pB+2 JTT2` JmH@
iBTi?BM; @ AMi`Q/m+iBQM kX .2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ *QM};m`iBQM jX .2pB+2 JTT2`
JmHiBTi?BM; @ a2imT

9j
h?Bb b2+iBQM T`QpB/2b bi2T@#v@bi2T 2tKTH2 T`Q+2/m`2b 7Q` +QM};m`BM; KmHiBTi?X
Ai BM+Hm/2b i?2 7QHHQrBM; T`Q+2/m`2b,
Ç _2bBxBM; PMHBM2 JmHiBTi? .2pB+2b
Ç JQpBM; `QQi 6BH2 avbi2K 7`QK  aBM;H2 Si? .2pB+2 iQ  JmHiBTi? .2pB+2
Ç h?2 JmHiBTi? .2KQM
Ç Abbm2b rBi? [m2m2nB7nMQnTi?
Ç JmHiBTi? *QKKM/ PmiTmi
Ç JmHiBTi? Zm2`B2b rBi? KmHiBTi? *QKKM/
Ç .2i2`KBMBM; .2pB+2 JTT2` 1Mi`B2b rBi? /Kb2imT *QKKM/
Ç h`Qm#H2b?QQiBM; rBi? i?2 KmHiBTi?/ BMi2`+iBp2 +QMbQH2

_2bBxBM; PMHBM2 JmHiBTi? .2pB+2b

6B`bi }M/ HH i?2 Ti?b iQ i?2 GlL #Qmi iQ #2 `2bBx2/,


0 bm/Q K m H i B T  i ? ਷ H H
KTi?# U j e y y R 9 y 8 e 2 2 2 3 2 + e 2 R R e 9 7 + # N 8 N y 3 e 9 3 k V /K਷y GAP਷P_:- H m M y R
b B x 2 4RXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , R b/2 3 , e 9  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
ǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , R b / 7 3 , 3 y  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
KTi? U j e y y R 9 y 8 2 j + k 3 9 R 9 j y 2 2 9 # 7 j 3 d R # R N N 3 # V /K਷R GAP਷P_:- H m M y k
b B x 2 4RXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , k b/+ 3 , j k  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
ǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , k b// 3 , 9 3  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;

LQr AǶHH `2+QM};m`2 KTi?# UrBi? rrB/ 4 jeyyR9y8e22232+e2RRe97+#N8Ny3e93kV iQ ?p2 k:" BMbi2/ Q7
Dmbi R:# M/ +?2+F B7 ?b +?M;2/,
0 2+?Q R % bm/Q i 2 2 f b v b f # H Q + F f b / 2 f / 2 p B + 2 f ` 2 b +  M
R
0 2+?Q R % bm/Q i 2 2 f b v b f # H Q + F f b / 7 f / 2 p B + 2 f ` 2 b +  M
R
0 bm/Q K m H i B T  i ? ਷ H H
KTi?# U j e y y R 9 y 8 e 2 2 2 3 2 + e 2 R R e 9 7 + # N 8 N y 3 e 9 3 k V /K਷y GAP਷P_:- H m M y R
b B x 2 4RXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , R b/2 3 , e 9  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
ǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , R b / 7 3 , 3 y  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
KTi? U j e y y R 9 y 8 2 j + k 3 9 R 9 j y 2 2 9 # 7 j 3 d R # R N N 3 # V /K਷R GAP਷P_:- H m M y k
b B x 2 4RXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , k b/+ 3 , j k  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
ǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , k b// 3 , 9 3  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;

99
LQi v2i5 q2 biBHH M22/ iQ `2@b+M i?2 KmHiBTi? KT,
0 bm/Q K m H i B T  i ? / ` 2 b B x 2 KT KTi?#
QF

M/ i?2M r2 `2 ;QQ/,


0 bm/Q K m H i B T  i ? ਷ H H
KTi?# U j e y y R 9 y 8 e 2 2 2 3 2 + e 2 R R e 9 7 + # N 8 N y 3 e 9 3 k V /K਷y GAP਷P_:- H m M y R
b B x 2 4kXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , R b/2 3 , e 9  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
Xǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , R b / 7 3 , 3 y  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
KTi? U j e y y R 9 y 8 2 j + k 3 9 R 9 j y 2 2 9 # 7 j 3 d R # R N N 3 # V /K਷R GAP਷P_:- H m M y k
b B x 2 4RXy: 7 2  i m ` 2 b 4 Ƕy Ƕ ?r?M/H2` 4ǶR Hm Ƕ rT4`r
%਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b4 + i B p 2
% ǵ਷ d , y , y , k b/+ 3 , j k  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;
ǵ਷Y਷ T Q H B + v 4Ƕ b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷iBK2 y Ƕ T ` B Q 48y b i  i m b42 M  # H 2 /
ǵ਷ 3 , y , y , k b// 3 , 9 3  + i B p 2 `2/v `mMMBM;

JF2 bm`2 iQ `mM `2bBx2k7b f/2pfKTT2`fKTi?# iQ `2bBx2 i?2 }H2bvbi2KX

JQpBM; `QQi 6BH2 avbi2K 7`QK  aBM;H2 Si? .2pB+2 iQ  JmHiBTi? .2pB+2

h?Bb Bb /`KiB+HHv bBKTHB}2/ #v i?2 mb2 Q7 llA.b iQ B/2MiB7v /2pB+2b b M BMi`BMbB+ H#2HX aBKTHv BMbiHH
KmHiBTi?@iQQHb@#QQi M/ `2#QQiX h?Bb rBHH `2#mBH/ i?2 BMBiBH `K/BbF M/ zQ`/ KmHiBTi? i?2 QTTQ`imMBiv
iQ #mBH/ BiǶb Ti?b #27Q`2 i?2 `QQi }H2bvbi2K Bb KQmMi2/ #v llA.X
LQi2
q?2M2p2` KmHiBTi?X+QM7 Bb mT/i2/- bQ b?QmH/ i?2 BMBi`/ #v 2t2+miBM;,
mT/i2਷BMBi`K7b ਷m ਷F HH
h?2 `2bQM #2?BM/ Bb KmHiBTi?X+QM7 Bb +QTB2/ iQ i?2 `K/BbF M/ Bb BMi2;`H iQ /2i2`KBMBM; i?2
pBH#H2 /2pB+2b iQ KT pB BiǶb #H+FHBbi M/ /2pB+2b b2+iBQMbX

h?2 JmHiBTi? .2KQM

A7 vQm }M/ vQm ?p2 i`Qm#H2 BKTH2K2MiBM;  KmHiBTi? +QM};m`iBQM- vQm b?QmH/ 2Mbm`2 i?2 KmHiBTi?
/2KQM Bb `mMMBM; b /2b+`B#2/ BM .2pB+2 JTT2` JmHiBTi?BM; @ a2imTX h?2 KmHiBTi?/ /2KQM Kmbi #2
`mMMBM; BM Q`/2` iQ mb2 KmHiBTi? /2pB+2bX

JmHiBTi? *QKKM/ PmiTmi

q?2M vQm +`2i2- KQ/B7v- Q` HBbi  KmHiBTi? /2pB+2- vQm ;2i  T`BMiQmi Q7 i?2 +m``2Mi /2pB+2 b2imTX h?2 7Q`@
Ki Bb b 7QHHQrbX 6Q` 2+? KmHiBTi? /2pB+2, 
+iBQMnB7nMv, HBb UrrB/nB7n/Bz2`2Min7`QKnHBbV /Kn/2pB+2nMK2nB7nFMQrM p2M/Q`-T`Q/m+i
bBx24bBx2 72im`2b4ǵ72im`2bǶ ?r?M/H2`4ǵ?`/r`2n?M/H2`Ƕ rT4r`Bi2nT2`KBbbBQMnB7nFMQrM 
6Q` 2+? Ti? ;`QmT, 
@Y@ TQHB+v4ǵb+?2/mHBM;nTQHB+vǶ T`BQ4T`BQnB7nFMQrM biimb4Ti?n;`QmTnbiimbnB7nFMQrM 
6Q` 2+? Ti?, 
਷ ?Qbi,+?MM2H,B/,HmM /2pMQ/2 KDQ`,KBMQ` /KnbiimbnB7nFMQrM Ti?nbiimb QMHBM2nbiimb 
6Q` 2tKTH2- i?2 QmiTmi Q7  KmHiBTi? +QKKM/ KB;?i TT2` b 7QHHQrb, 
KTi?# UjeyyR9y8e22232+e2RRe97+#N8Ny3e93kV/K਷y GAP਷P_:-HmMyR bBx24kXy: 72im`2b4ǶyǶ ?r?M/H2`
4ǶR HmǶ rT4`r %਷Y਷ TQHB+v4Ƕb2`pB+2਷iBK2 yǶ T`BQ48y biimb4+iBp2 %@ d,y,y,R b/2 3,e9 +iBp2 `2/v

98
`mMMBM; ਷Y਷ TQHB+v4Ƕb2`pB+2਷iBK2 yǶ T`BQ48y biimb42M#H2/@ 3,y,y,R b/7 3,3y +iBp2 `2/v `mMMBM;
 A7
i?2 Ti? Bb mT M/ `2/v 7Q` AfP- i?2 biimb Q7 i?2 Ti? Bb `2/v Q` ;?QbiX A7 i?2 Ti? Bb /QrM- i?2 biimb
Bb 7mHiv Q` b?FvX h?2 Ti? biimb Bb mT/i2/ T2`BQ/B+HHv #v i?2 KmHiBTi?/ /2KQM #b2/ QM i?2
TQHHBM; BMi2`pH /2}M2/ BM i?2 f2i+fKmHiBTi?X+QM7 }H2X
h?2 /Knbiimb Bb bBKBH` iQ i?2 Ti? biimb- #mi 7`QK i?2 F2`M2HǶb TQBMi Q7 pB2rX h?2 /Knbiimb ?b irQ
bii2b, 7BH2/- r?B+? Bb MHQ;Qmb iQ 7mHiv- M/ +iBp2- r?B+? +Qp2`b HH Qi?2` Ti? bii2bX P++bBQMHHv-
i?2 Ti? bii2 M/ i?2 /K bii2 Q7  /2pB+2 rBHH i2KTQ``v MQi ;`22X
h?2 TQbbB#H2 pHm2b 7Q` QMHBM2nbiimb `2 `mMMBM; M/ Q|BM2X  biimb Q7 Q|BM2 K2Mb i?i i?2 a*aA
/2pB+2 ?b #22M /Bb#H2/X

JmHiBTi? Zm2`B2b rBi? KmHiBTi? *QKKM/

uQm +M mb2 i?2 @H M/ @HH QTiBQMb Q7 i?2 KmHiBTi? +QKKM/ iQ /BbTHv i?2 +m``2Mi KmHiBTi? +QM};m`iBQMX
h?2 @H QTiBQM /BbTHvb KmHiBTi? iQTQHQ;v ;i?2`2/ 7`QK BM7Q`KiBQM BM bvb7b M/ i?2 /2pB+2 KTT2`X h?2
@HH QTiBQM /BbTHvb i?2 BM7Q`KiBQM i?2 @H /BbTHvb BM //BiBQM iQ HH Qi?2` pBH#H2 +QKTQM2Mib Q7 i?2 bvbi2KX
q?2M /BbTHvBM; i?2 KmHiBTi? +QM};m`iBQM- i?2`2 `2 i?`22 p2`#QbBiv H2p2Hb vQm +M bT2+B7v rBi? i?2 @p
QTiBQM Q7 i?2 KmHiBTi? +QKKM/X aT2+B7vBM; @py vB2H/b MQ QmiTmiX aT2+B7vBM;@pR QmiTmib i?2 +`2i2/
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@pk T`BMib HH /2i2+i2/ Ti?b- KmHiBTi?b- M/ /2pB+2 KTbX
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QT2`iBQM Q7 vQm` l#mMim bvbi2KX
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Ç AS //`2bb h?2 AS //`2bb Bb  mMB[m2 B/2MiB7vBM; bi`BM; 2tT`2bb2/ b 7Qm` /2+BKH MmK#2`b `M;BM;
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_QmiBM; AM7Q`KiBQM S`QiQ+QH U_ASVX
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iBK2bvM+/ #v /27mHi `2;mH`Hv +?2+Fb M/ F22Tb vQm` HQ+H iBK2 BM bvM+X Ai HbQ biQ`2b iBK2 mT/i2b HQ+HHv-
bQ i?i 7i2` `2#QQib KQMQiQMB+HHv /pM+2b B7 TTHB+#H2X
A7 +?`QMv Bb BMbiHH2/ iBK2/i2+iH bi2Tb #+F iQ H2i +?`QMv /Q i?2 iBK2 F22TBM;X h?i b?HH 2Mbm`2 i?i MQ
irQ iBK2 bvM+BM; b2`pB+2b `2 };?iBM;X q?BH2 MQ KQ`2 `2+QKK2M/2/ iQ #2 mb2/- i?Bb biBHH HbQ TTHB2b iQ
MiT/ #2BM; BMbiHH2/ iQ `2iBM Mv FBM/ Q7 QH/ #2?pBQ`f+QM}; i?i vQm ?/ i?`Qm;? M mT;`/2X "mi Bi HbQ
BKTHB2b i?i QM M mT;`/2 7`QK  7Q`K2` `2H2b2 MiTfMiT/i2 KB;?i biBHH #2 BMbiHH2/ M/ i?2`27Q`2 `2M/2`b
i?2 M2r bvbi2K/ #b2/ b2`pB+2b /Bb#H2/X
MiT/i2 Bb +QMbB/2`2/ /2T`2+i2/ BM 7pQ` Q7 iBK2/i2+iH UQ` +?`QMvV M/ i?2`2#v MQ KQ`2 BMbiHH2/ #v /27mHiX
iBK2bvM+/ rBHH ;2M2`HHv /Q i?2 `B;?i i?BM; F22TBM; vQm` iBK2 BM bvM+- M/ +?`QMv rBHH ?2HT rBi? KQ`2 +QKTH2t
+b2bX "mi B7 vQm ?/ QM2 Q7  72r FMQrM bT2+BH MiT/i2 mb2 +b2b- +QMbB/2` i?2 7QHHQrBM;,
Ç A7 vQm `2[mB`2  QM2@b?Qi bvM+ mb2, +?`QMv/ ਷[
Ç A7 vQm `2[mB`2  QM2@b?Qi iBK2 +?2+F- rBi?Qmi b2iiBM; i?2 iBK2 mb2, +?`QMv/ ਷Z

*QM};m`BM; iBK2/i2+iH M/ iBK2bvM+/

h?2 +m``2Mi biimb Q7 iBK2 M/ iBK2 +QM};m`iBQM pB iBK2/i2+iH M/ iBK2bvM+/ +M #2 +?2+F2/ rBi?
iBK2/i2+iH biimbX
0 iBK2/i2+iH biimb
G Q +  H iBK2 , 6` kyR3਷yk਷kj y 3 , 9 d , R j lh*
l M B p 2 ` b  H iBK2 , 6` kyR3਷yk਷kj y 3 , 9 d , R j lh*
_h* iBK2 , 6` kyR3਷yk਷kj y3,9d,Rj
hBK2 xQM2 , 1i+ flh* Ulh*- YyyyyV
avbi2K + H Q + F b v M + ? ` Q M B x 2 / , v2b

8N
bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2  + i B p 2 , v 2 b
_h* B M H Q +  H hw , MQ

A7 +?`QMv Bb `mMMBM; Bi rBHH miQKiB+HHv brBi+? iQ,


(XXX)
bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2  + i B p 2 , MQ

oB iBK2/i2+iH M /KBM +M +QMi`QH i?2 iBK2xQM2- ?Qr i?2 bvbi2K +HQ+F b?QmH/ `2Hi2 iQ i?2 ?r+HQ+F M/
B7 T2`KM2Mi bvM`QMBxiBQM b?QmH/ #2 2M#H2/ Q` MQiX a22 KM iBK2/i2+iH 7Q` KQ`2 /2iBHbX
iBK2bvM+/ Bib2H7 Bb biBHH  MQ`KH b2`pB+2- bQ vQm +M +?2+F Bib biimb HbQ KQ`2 BM /2iBH pBX
0 b v b i 2 K + i H b i  i m b bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/
bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2 ਷ L2irQ`F hBK2 a v M + ? ` Q M B x  i B Q M
GQ/2/ , H Q  / 2 / U f H B # f bvbi2K/ f bvbi2K f bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2 c 2 M  # H 2 / c
p2M/Q` T ` 2 b 2 i , 2 M  # H 2 / V
 + i B p 2 ,  + i B p 2 U ` m M M B M ; V b B M + 2 6 ` B kyR3਷yk਷kj y 3 , 8 8 , 9 e lh*c Ry b ;Q
.Q+b , KM , bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2 U 3 V
JBM SA. , jd99 U bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM V
a i  i m b , Ǵ a v M + ? ` Q M B x 2 / i Q iBK2 b 2 ` p 2 ` N R X R 3 N X 3 N X R N 3 , R k j U MiT X m#mMim X +QK V X Ǵ
hbFb , k U H B K B i , 9 N R 8 V
*:`QmT , f bvbi2K X b H B + 2 f bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ X b 2 ` p B + 2
% ਷jd99 f H B # f bvbi2K/ f bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/

62# kj y 3 , 8 8 , 9 e # B Q M B + ਷i 2 b i bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i B M ; L2irQ`F hBK2 a v M + ? ` Q M B x  i B Q M


XXX
62# kj y 3 , 8 8 , 9 e # B Q M B + ਷i 2 b i bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i 2 / L2irQ`F hBK2 a v M + ? ` Q M B x  i B Q M X
62# kj y 3 , 8 8 , 9 e # B Q M B + ਷i 2 b i bvbi2K/਷iBK2bvM+/ ( j d 9 9 ) , a v M + ? ` Q M B x 2 / i Q iBK2
b2`p2` NRXR3NX3NXRN3,Rkj U MiT X m#mMim X +QK V X

h?2 MK2b2`p2` iQ 72i+? iBK2 7Q` iBK2/i2+iH M/ iBK2bvM+/ 7`QK +M #2 bT2+B}2/ BM f2i+fbvbi2K/fiBK2bvM+/
X+QM7 M/ //BiBQMH +QM}; }H2b +M #2 biQ`2/ BM f2i+fbvbi2K/fiBK2bvM+/X+QM7X/fX h?2 2Mi`B2b 7Q` LhS4
M/ 6HH#+FLhS4 `2 bT+2 b2T`i2/ HBbibX a22 KM iBK2bvM+/X+QM7 7Q` KQ`2X

a2`p2 i?2 L2irQ`F hBK2 S`QiQ+QH

A7 BM //BiBQM iQ bvM+?`QMBxBM; vQm` bvbi2K vQm HbQ rMi iQ b2`p2 LhS BM7Q`KiBQM vQm M22/ M LhS b2`p2`X
h?2`2 `2 b2p2`H QTiBQMb rBi? +?`QMv- MiT/ M/ QT2M@MiTX h?2 `2+QKK2M/2/ bQHmiBQM Bb +?`QMvX

+?`QMvU/V

h?2 LhS /2KQM +?`QMv/ +H+mHi2b i?2 /`B7i M/ Qzb2i Q7 vQm` bvbi2K +HQ+F M/ +QMiBMmQmbHv /Dmbib Bi- bQ
i?2`2 `2 MQ H`;2 +Q``2+iBQMb i?i +QmH/ H2/ iQ BM+QMbBbi2Mi HQ;b 7Q` BMbiM+2X h?2 +Qbi Bb  HBiiH2 T`Q+2bbBM;
TQr2` M/ K2KQ`v- #mi 7Q`  KQ/2`M b2`p2` i?Bb Bb mbmHHv M2;HB;B#H2X

AMbiHHiBQM

hQ BMbiHH +?`QMv- 7`QK  i2`KBMH T`QKTi 2Mi2`,


bm/Q Ti B M b i  H H +?`QMv

h?Bb rBHH T`QpB/2 irQ #BM`B2b,

ey
Ç +?`QMv/ @ i?2 +imH /2KQM iQ bvM+ M/ b2`p2 pB i?2 LhS T`QiQ+QH
Ç +?`QMv+ @ +QKKM/@HBM2 BMi2`7+2 7Q` +?`QMv /2KQM

*?`QMv/ *QM};m`iBQM

1/Bi f2i+f+?`QMvf+?`QMvX+QM7 iQ //f`2KQp2 b2`p2` HBM2bX "v /27mHi i?2b2 b2`p2`b `2 +QM};m`2/,
O lb2 b 2 ` p 2 ` b 7`QK i ? 2 LhS SQQH S ` Q D 2 + i X TT`Qp2/ #v l#mMim h 2 + ? M B +  H "Q`/
O QM kyRR਷yk਷y3 UGS , ORy98k8V X a22 ? i i T , f frrrX T Q Q H X MiT X Q ` ; f D Q B M X ?iKH 7 Q `
O KQ`2 B M 7 Q ` K  i B Q M X
T Q Q H y X m#mMim X T Q Q H X MiT X Q ` ; B # m ` b i
T Q Q H R X m#mMim X T Q Q H X MiT X Q ` ; B # m ` b i
T Q Q H k X m#mMim X T Q Q H X MiT X Q ` ; B # m ` b i
T Q Q H j X m#mMim X T Q Q H X MiT X Q ` ; B # m ` b i

a22 KM +?`QMvX+QM7 7Q` KQ`2 /2iBHb QM i?2 +QM};m`iBQM QTiBQMbX 7i2` +?M;BM; i?2 Mv Q7 i?2 +QM}; }H2
vQm ?p2 iQ `2bi`i +?`QMv,
bm/Q b v b i 2 K + i H ` 2 b i  ` i +?`QMv X b 2 ` p B + 2

P7 i?2 TQQH kXm#mMimXTQQHXMiTXQ`; b r2HH b MiTXm#mMimX+QK HbQ bmTTQ`i BTpe B7 M22/2/X A7 QM2 M22/b iQ
7Q`+2 BTpe i?2`2 HbQ Bb BTpeXMiTXm#mMimX+QK r?B+? Bb MQi +QM};m`2/ #v /27mHiX

oB2r biimb

lb2 +?`QMv+ iQ b22 [m2`v i?2 biimb Q7 i?2 +?`QMv /2KQMX 6Q` 2tKTH2 iQ ;2i M Qp2`pB2r Q7 i?2 +m``2MiHv
pBH#H2 M/ b2H2+i2/ iBK2 bQm`+2bX
+?`QMv+ b Q m ` + 2 b

Ja LK2f AS  / / ` 2 b b ai`imK S Q H H _2+? Gbi_t Gbi bKTH2


4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

Y ;KK X ` m 2 + F ; ` X  i k 3 jdd Rj8 ਷Ry93 mb ( ਷Ry93 mb ) Yf਷ kN


Kb
਷ k# X M+QKTmi2`b X Q ` ; k 3 jdd ky9 ਷RR9R mb ( ਷RRk9 mb ) Yf਷ 8y
Kb
Y rrrX F  b ? `  X +QK k 3 jdd RjN Yj93j mb (Yj93j mb ) Yf਷ R3
Kb
Y bi`imKk ਷9XLhSX h2+?6F X l= k 3 jdd R9j ਷kyNy mb ( ਷kydj mb ) Yf਷ RN
Kb
਷ x 2 T i Q X K+H X ;; k d jdd N ਷dd9 mb ( ਷dd9 mb ) Yf਷ kN
Kb
਷ K B ` ` Q ` ? Q b i X Tr k d jdd d3 ਷eey mb ( ਷eey mb ) Yf਷ 8j
Kb
਷  i i Q X K+H X ;; k d jdd 3 ਷3kj mb ( ਷3kj mb ) Yf਷ 8y
Kb
਷ b i  i B + X R 9 y X R y d X 9 e X d 3 X + H B = k 3 jdd N ਷R8yj mb ( ਷R8yj mb ) Yf਷ 98
Kb
਷ 9 X 8 j X R e y X d 8 k 3 jdd Rjd ਷RRKb ( ਷RRKb ) Yf਷ RRd
Kb
਷ j d X 9 9 X R 3 8 X 9 k j d jdd Ry ਷jkd9 mb ( ਷jkd9 mb ) Yf਷ dy
Kb

eR
਷ #  ; M B F B i  X +QK k d jdd d9 YjRjR mb (YjRjR mb ) Yf਷ dR
Kb
਷ 2m`QT X 2 H H B T b 2 X M 2 i k 3 jdd ky9 ਷dNy mb ( ਷ddj mb ) Yf਷ Nd
Kb
਷ i 2 i ? v b X ?Qi਷ + ? B H H B X M 2 i k 3 jdd R9R ਷dNd mb ( ਷dNd mb ) Yf਷ 8N
Kb
਷ ee਷kjk਷Nd਷3X b i  i B + X ?pp+ X= k d jdd kye YReeN mb (YRe3e mb ) Yf਷ Rjj
Kb
Y 3 8 X R N N X k R 9 X R y k R 3 jdd ky8 YRd8 mb ( YRNk mb ) Yf਷ Rk
Kb
 9e਷k9j਷ke਷j9X i  M ; Q b X M H R 3 jdd R9R ਷Rkj mb ( ਷Rye mb ) Yf਷ Ry
Kb
਷ Tm;Qi X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k 3 jdd kR ਷N8mb ( ਷N8mb ) Yf਷ 8d
Kb
਷ HT?vM X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k e jdd kj ਷R8eN mb ( ਷R8eN mb ) Yf਷ dN
Kb
਷ ;QH2K X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k d jdd Nk ਷RyR3 mb ( ਷RyR3 mb ) Yf਷ jR
Kb
਷ + ? B H B T 2 T T 2 ` X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k 3 jdd kR ਷RRye mb ( ਷RRye mb ) Yf਷ kd
Kb

+?`QMv+ b Q m ` + 2 b i  i b

kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 ky
LK2f AS //`2bb LS L_ aTM 6`2[m2M+v 6`2[ aF2r P 7 7 b 2 i ai/ .2p
444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444
;KK X ` m 2 + F ; ` X  i k8 R8 jkK ਷yXyyd yXR9k ਷3d3 mb Rye mb
k# X M+QKTmi2`b X Q ` ; ke Re j8K ਷yXRjk y X k 3 j ਷RReN mb k8e mb
rrrX F  b ? `  X +QK k8 R8 jkK ਷yXyNk y X k 8 N Yj9ke mb RN8 mb
bi`imKk ਷9XLhSX h2+?6F X l= k8 R9 jkK ਷yXyR3 y X R j y ਷ky8e mb Ne mb
x 2 T i Q X K+H X ;; Rj RR kRK YyXR93 yXRNe ਷e3j mb ee mb
K B ` ` Q ` ? Q b i X Tr e 8 e98 YyXRRd yX998 ਷8NR mb RN mb
 i i Q X K+H X ;; kR Rj k8K ਷yXyeN yXRNN ਷Ny9 mb Ryj mb
b i  i B + X R 9 y X R y d X 9 e X d 3 X + H B = k8 R3 j9K ਷yXyy8 y X y N 9 ਷R8ke mb d3 mb
9X8jXReyXd8 k8 Ry jkK YyX9Rk yXRRy ਷RRKb 39 mb
jdX99XR38X9k k9 Rk jyK ਷yXN3j y X R d j ਷jdR3 mb Rkk mb
#  ; M B F B i  X +QK Rd d jRK ਷yXRjk y X k R d Yj8kd mb RjN mb
2m`QT X 2 H H B T b 2 X M 2 i ke R8 j8K YyXyj3 yX88j ਷9dj mb 9k9 mb
i 2 i ? v b X ?Qi਷ + ? B H H B X M 2 i k8 RR jkK ਷yXyN9 yXRRy ਷3e9 mb 33 mb
ee਷kjk਷Nd਷3X b i  i B + X ?pp+ X= ky RR j8K ਷yXRRe y X R e 8 YR8eR mb RyN mb
38XRNNXkR9XRyk ke RR j8K ਷yXy89 yXjNy YRkN mb j9j mb
9e਷k9j਷ke਷j9X i  M ; Q b X M H k8 Re jkK YyXRkN yXkNd ਷jyd mb RN3 mb
Tm;Qi X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k8 R9 j9K ਷yXkdR yXRde ਷R9j mb Rj8 mb
HT?vM X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK Rd RR RRyy ਷yXy3d y X j e y ਷Rd9N mb RR9 mb
;QH2K X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK kj Rk jyK YyXy8d yXjdy ਷N33 mb kkN mb
+ ? B H B T 2 T T 2 ` X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k8 R3 j9K ਷yXy39 y X k k 9 ਷RRRe mb ReN mb

*2`iBM +?`QMv+ +QKKM/b `2 T`BpBH2;2/ M/ +M MQi #2 `mM pB i?2 M2irQ`F rBi?Qmi 2tTHB+BiHv HHQrBM;
i?2KX a22 b2+iBQM *QKKM/ M/ KQMBiQ`BM; ++2bb BM KM +?`QMvX+QM7 7Q` KQ`2 /2iBHbX  HQ+H /KBM +M
mb2 bm/Q b mbmHHv b i?Bb rBHH ;`Mi ?BK ++2bb iQ i?2 HQ+H /KBM bQ+F2i fp`f`mMf+?`QMvf+?`QMv/XbQ+FX

ek
SSa amTTQ`i

*?`QMv bmTTQ`ib p`BQmb SSa ivT2b MiBp2HvX Ai +M mb2 F2`M2H SSa SA b r2HH b ShS ?`/r`2 +HQ+FX
JQbi ;2M2`H :Sa `2+2Bp2`b +M #2 H2p2`;2/ pB :Sa.X h?2 Hii2` UM/ TQi2MiBHHv KQ`2V +M #2 ++2bb2/
pB a>J Q` pB  bQ+F2i U`2+QKK2M/2/VX HH Q7 i?2 #Qp2 +M #2 mb2/ iQ m;K2Mi +?`QMv rBi? //BiBQMH
?B;? [mHBiv iBK2 bQm`+2b 7Q` #2ii2` ++m`+v- DBii2`- /`B7i- HQM;2`@Q`@b?Q`i i2`K ++m`+v UlbmHHv 2+? FBM/
Q7 +HQ+F ivT2 Bb ;QQ/ i QM2 Q7 i?Qb2- #mi MQM@T2`72+i i i?2 Qi?2`bVX 6Q` KQ`2 /2iBHb QM +QM};m`iBQM b22
bQK2 Q7 i?2 2ti2`MH SSaf:Sa. `2bQm`+2 HBbi2/ #2HQrX
LQi2, i i?2 `2H2b2 Q7 kyXy9 i?2`2 rb  #m; r?B+? mMiBH }t2/ vQm KB;?i rMi iQ // i?Bb +QMi2Mi iQ vQm`
f2i+fTT`KQ`X/fHQ+Hfmb`Xb#BMX;Tb/X

1tKTH2 +QM};m`iBQM 7Q` :Sa. iQ 722/ *?`QMv

6Q` i?2 b2imT vQm M22/ 0 bm/Q Ti BMbiHH ;Tb/ +?`QMv
"mi vQm rBHH rMi iQ i2bif/2#m; vQm` b2imT M/ 2bT2+BHHv i?2 :Sa `2+2TiBQM- i?2`27Q`2 HbQ BMbiHH 0 bm/Q
Ti BMbiHH TTb਷iQQHb ;Tb/਷+HB2Mib
:Sa /2pB+2b mbmHHv rBHH +QKKmMB+i2 pB b2`BH BMi2`7+2b- v2i i?2 KQbi +QKKQM ivT2 i?2b2 /vb `2 la"
:Sa /2pB+2b r?B+? ?p2  b2`BH +QMp2`i2` #2?BM/ la"X A7 vQm rMi iQ mb2 i?Bb 7Q` SSa TH2b2 #2 r`2 i?i
i?2 KDQ`Biv /Q2b MQi bB;MH SSa pB la"X *?2+F i?2 :Sa. ?`/r`2 HBbi 7Q` /2iBHbX h?2 2tKTH2b #2HQr
r2`2 `mM rBi?  LpBbvb :_dyR@qX
q?2M THm;;BM; BM bm+?  /2pB+2 UQ` i #QQi iBK2V /K2b; b?QmH/ `2TQ`i b2`BH +QMM2+iBQM Q7 bQK2 bQ`ib-
2tKTH2,
( 8 k X 9 9 k R N N ) mb# R ਷RXR, M2r 7 m H H ਷b T 2 2 / la" / 2 p B + 2 MmK#2` j m b B M ; t?+Bn?+/
( 8 k X 8 9 e e j N ) mb# R ਷RXR, L2r la" / 2 p B + 2 7QmM/ - B/o2M/Q` 4yed# - B / S ` Q / m + i 4kjyj -
#+/.2pB+24 9 X y y
( 8 k X 8 9 e e 8 9 ) mb# R ਷RXR, L2r la" / 2 p B + 2 b i ` B M ; b , J7`4R- S`Q/m+i 4k-
a2`BHLmK#2`4y
( 8 k X 8 9 e e e 8 ) mb# R ਷RXR, S`Q/m+i , la"਷a 2 ` B  H * Q M i ` Q H H 2 ` .
( 8 k X 8 9 e e d 8 ) mb# R ਷RXR, JMm7+im`2` , S ` Q H B 7 B + h2+?MQHQ;v A M + X
( 8 k X e y k R y j ) m b # + Q ` 2 , ` 2 ; B b i 2 ` 2 / M2r B M i 2 ` 7  + 2 / ` B p 2 ` m b # b 2 ` B  H n ; 2 M 2 ` B +
( 8 k X e y k k 9 9 ) m b # b 2 ` B  H , la" a 2 ` B  H b m T T Q ` i ` 2 ; B b i 2 ` 2 / 7 Q ` ; 2 M 2 ` B +
( 8 k X e y N 9 d R ) m b # + Q ` 2 , ` 2 ; B b i 2 ` 2 / M2r B M i 2 ` 7  + 2 / ` B p 2 ` T H k j y j
( 8 k X e y N 8 y j ) m b # b 2 ` B  H , la" a 2 ` B  H b m T T Q ` i ` 2 ; B b i 2 ` 2 / 7 Q ` T H k j y j
( 8kXeyN8e9) THkjyj R ਷RXR,RXy, THkjyj +QMp2`i2` /2i2+i2/
( 8 k X e R 3 j e e ) mb# R ਷RXR, T H k j y j + Q M p 2 ` i 2 ` MQr  i i  + ? 2 / i Q iivla"y

q2 b22 #Qp2 i?i Bi TT2`2/ b iivla"yX hQ Hi2` QM ?p2 +?`QMv ++2Ti #2BM; 722/2/ iBK2 BM7Q`KiBQM
#v i?i r2 ?p2 iQ b2i Bi mT BM f2i+f+?`QMvf+?`QMvX+QM7 USH2b2 `2TH+2 la"y iQ r?i2p2` TTHB2b iQ vQm`
b2imTV,
` 2 7 + H Q + F a>J y ` 2 7 B / :Sa T ` 2 + B b B Q M R 2਷R Q 7 7 b 2 i y X N N N N / 2 H  v y X k
` 2 7 + H Q + F aP*E f p` f `mM f +?`QMv X iivla"y X b Q + F ` 2 7 B / SSa

h?2M `2bi`i +?`QMv iQ KF2 i?2 bQ+F2i pBH#H2 M/ rBiBM;X bm/Q bvbi2K+iH `2bi`i +?`QMv
L2ti QM2 M22/b iQ i2HH ;Tb/ r?B+? /2pB+2 iQ KM;2`- i?2`27Q`2 BM f2i+f/27mHif;Tb/ r2 b2i, .1oA*1a4Ǵf
/2pfiivla"yǴ
6m`i?2`KQ`2 i?2 /27mHi mb2@+b2 Q7 ;Tb/ Bb- r2HH 7Q` ;Tb TQbBiBQM i`+FBM;X h?2`27Q`2 Bi rBHH MQ`KHHv MQi
+QMbmK2 Mv +Tm bBM+2 Bi Bb MQi `mMMBM; i?2 b2`pB+2 #mi rBiBM; QM  bQ+F2i 7Q` +HB2MibX 6m`i?2`KQ`2 i?2 +HB2Mi
rBHH i?2M i2HH ;Tb/ r?i Bi `2[m2bib M/ ;Tb/ rBHH QMHv /Q i?iX 6Q` i?2 mb2 +b2 Q7 ;Tb/ b SSa@T`QpB/BM;@
/2KQM vQm rMi iQ b2i i?2 QTiBQM iQ,

ej
Ç BKK2/Bi2Hv bi`i 2p2M rBi?Qmi  +HB2Mi +QMM2+i2/- i?Bb +M #2 b2i BM :Sa.nPShAPLa Q7 f2i+f/27mHi
f;Tb/,
Ĝ :Sa.nPShAPLa4Ǵ਷MǴ
Ç 2M#H2 i?2 b2`pB+2 Bib2H7 M/ MQi rBi 7Q`  +HB2Mi iQ `2+? i?2 bQ+F2i BM i?2 7mim`2,
Ĝ bm/Q bvbi2K+iH 2M#H2 fHB#fbvbi2K/fbvbi2Kf;Tb/Xb2`pB+2
_2bi`iBM; ;Tb/ rBHH MQr BMBiBHBx2 i?2 SSa 7`QK :Sa M/ BM /K2b; vQm rBHH b22
T T b n H / B b + , SSa H B M 2 / B b + B T H B M 2 ` 2 ; B b i 2 ` 2 /
TTb TTby , M2r SSa b Q m ` + 2 m b # b 2 ` B  H y
TTb TTby , b Q m ` + 2 Ǵf /2p fiivla"y Ǵ //2/

AM +b2 vQm ?p2 KmHiBTH2 SSa i?2 iQQH TTb}M/ KB;?i #2 mb27mH iQ B/2MiB7v r?B+? SSa #2HQM;b iQ r?B+? :SaX
uQm +QmH/ +?2+F i?i rBi?,
0 bm/Q T T b 7 B M / f /2p fiivla"y
TTby , MK24m b # b 2 ` B  H y Ti?4f/2p fiivla"y

hQ ;2i Mv 7m`i?2` vQm M22/ vQm` :Sa iQ ;2i  HQ+FX hQQHb HBF2 +;Tb Q` ;TbKQM M22/ iQ `2TQ`i  j. 6Bt 7Q`
i?2 /i #2BM; Mv ;QQ/X h?2M vQmǶ/ rMi iQ +?2+F iQ `2HHv ?p2 SSa /i `2TQ`i2/ QM i?i rBi? TTbi2bi
0 +;Tb
XXX
aiimb , j. 6As U d b 2 + b V X X X

L2ti QM2 KB;?i rMi iQ 2Mbm`2 i?i i?2 TTb /2pB+2 `2HHv bm#KBib SSa /i- iQ /Q bQ `mM TTbi2bi,
0 bm/Q T T b i 2 b i f /2p f TTby
i ` v B M ; SSa b Q m ` + 2 Ǵf /2p f TTby Ǵ
7QmM/ SSa b Q m ` + 2 Ǵf /2p f TTby Ǵ
QF - 7QmM/ R b Q m ` + 2 U b V - MQr b i  ` i 7 2 i + ? B M ; /i X X X
bQm`+2 y ਷  b b 2 ` i R833R9ydjNXyNN8kek9e - b2[m2M+2 , eN ਷ + H 2  `
R 8 3 3 R 9 y d j N X N N N e e j d k R - b 2 [ m 2 M + 2 , dy
bQm`+2 y ਷  b b 2 ` i R833R9yd9yXyNNeeR938 - b2[m2M+2 , dy ਷ + H 2  `
R 8 3 3 R 9 y d j N X N N N e e j d k R - b 2 [ m 2 M + 2 , dy
bQm`+2 y ਷  b b 2 ` i R833R9yd9yXyNNeeR938 - b2[m2M+2 , dy ਷ + H 2  `
R 8 3 3 R 9 y d 9 y X N N N d 3 e e e 9 - b 2 [ m 2 M + 2 , dR
bQm`+2 y ਷  b b 2 ` i R833R9yd9RXyNNdNk99d - b2[m2M+2 , dR ਷ + H 2  `
R 8 3 3 R 9 y d 9 y X N N N d 3 e e e 9 - b 2 [ m 2 M + 2 , dR

PF- ;Tb/ Bb MQr `mMMBM;- i?2 :Sa `2+2TiBQM ?b 7QmM/  }t M/ i?Bb Bb 72/ BMiQ +?`QMvX LQr H2ib +?2+F i?i
7`QK i?2 TQBMi Q7 pB2r Q7 +?`QMvX
AMBiBHHv U2X;X #27Q`2 ;Tb/ ?b bi`i2/ Q` #27Q`2 Bi ?b  HQ+FV i?Qb2 rBHH #2 M2r M/ dzmMi`mbi2/Ǵ bQm`+2b
K`F2/ rBi? M dz\ǴX A7 vQm` /2pB+2b biv BM i?2 dz\Ǵ bii2 M/ rQMǶi H2p2 Bi 2p2M 7i2` [mBi2 bQK2 iBK2 i?2M
;Tb/ b22Kb MQi iQ 722/ Mv /i iQ +?`QMv M/ vQmǶ/ M22/ iQ /2#m; r?vX
+?`QMv+= b Q m ` + 2 b
kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 Ry
Ja LK2f AS  / / ` 2 b b ai`imK S Q H H _2+? Gbi_t Gbi bKTH2
4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

O\ :Sa y 9 y ਷ YyMb ( YyMb ) Yf਷ y


Mb
O\ SSa y 9 y ਷ YyMb ( YyMb ) Yf਷ y
Mb

Pp2` iBK2 +?`QMv rBHH +HbbB7v i?2K b ;QQ/ Q` #/X AM i?2 2tKTH2 +b2 i?2 `r :Sa ?/ iQQ Km+? /2pBiBQM
#mi SSa Bb ;QQ/X

e9
+?`QMv+= b Q m ` + 2 b
kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 Ry
Ja LK2f AS  / / ` 2 b b ai`imK S Q H H _2+? Gbi_t Gbi bKTH2
4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

Ot :Sa y 9 Rdd k9 ਷3deKb ( ਷3deKb ) Yf਷ kyyKb


O਷ SSa y 9 Rdd kR YNRe mb ( YNRe mb ) Yf਷ ej mb
਷ + ? B H B T 2 T T 2 ` X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k e jd 8j Yjjmb ( Yjjmb ) Yf਷ jjKb

M/ }MHHv 7i2`  r?BH2 Bi mb2/ i?2 ?`/r`2 SSa BMTmi b Bi rb #2ii2`,
+?`QMv+= b Q m ` + 2 b
kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 Ry
Ja LK2f AS  / / ` 2 b b ai`imK S Q H H _2+? Gbi_t Gbi bKTH2
4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

Ot :Sa y 9 jdd ky ਷339Kb ( ਷339Kb ) Yf਷ kyy


Kb
O SSa y 9 jdd R3 Yeedd Mb ( Y8kmb ) Yf਷ 83
mb
਷ HT?vM X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k e jdd ky ਷Rjyj mb ( ਷Rk83 mb ) Yf਷ RR9
Kb

h?2 SSa KB;?i HbQ #2 QF #mi mb2/ BM  +QK#BM2/ rv rBi? 2X;X i?2 b2H2+i2/ b2`p2`X a22 KM +?`QMv+ 7Q`
KQ`2 /2iBHb #Qmi ?Qr HH i?2b2 +QK#BMiBQMb rBHH HQQF HBF2X
+?`QMv+= b Q m ` + 2 b
kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 RR
Ja LK2f AS  / / ` 2 b b ai`imK S Q H H _2+? Gbi_t Gbi bKTH2
4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

O\ :Sa y 9 y ਷ YyMb ( YyMb ) Yf਷ y


Mb
OY SSa y 9 jdd kk YR89 mb ( YR89 mb ) Yf਷ 38eR
mb
 + ? B H B T 2 T T 2 ` X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK k e jdd 8y ਷j8j mb ( ਷jyy mb ) Yf਷ 99
Kb

M/ B7 vQm rQM/2` B7 vQm` b?K #b2/ :Sa /i Bb Mv ;QQ/- vQm +M +?2+F 7Q` i?i b r2HHX 6B`bi Q7 HH
+?`QMv rBHH MQi QMHv i2HH vQm B7 Bi +HbbB}2/ Bi b ;QQ/ Q` #/X oB bQm`+2biib vQm +M HbQ +?2+F i?2 /2iBHb
+?`QMv+= b Q m ` + 2 b i  i b
kRy LmK#2` Q 7 b Q m ` + 2 b 4 Ry
LK2f AS //`2bb LS L_ aTM 6`2[m2M+v 6`2[ aF2r P 7 7 b 2 i ai/ .2p
444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444
:Sa ky N jyk YRXNNj RRX8yR ਷3e3Kb Rky3 mb
SSa e j d3 YyXjk9 8 X y y N Yjje8 Mb 9R mb
;QH2K X +  M Q M B +  H X +QK R8 Ry d3j YyX38N yX8yN ਷d8y mb Ry3 mb

uQm +M HbQ i`+F i?2 `r /i i?i ;Tb/ Q` Qi?2` MiT/ +QKTHBMi `27+HQ+Fb `2 b2M/BM; pB b?`2/ K2KQ`v
#v mbBM; MiTb?KKQM,
0 bm/Q MiTb?KKQM ਷Q
MiTb?KKQM , p 2 ` b B Q M j X k y
O LK2 P77b2i *HQ+F _2H G
S`+

e8
bKTH2 LhSR yXyyykkj389 R833ke83y8Xyyykkj389 R833ke83y8Xyyyyyyyyy y
਷Ry
bKTH2 LhSy yXRk8eNRd3j R833ke83y8XRk8NNN38R R833ke83y8Xyyyjy3ye3 y
਷ky
bKTH2 LhSR yXyyyj9Nj9R R833ke83yeXyyyj9Nj9R R833ke83yeXyyyyyyyyy y
਷Ry
bKTH2 LhSy yXRjyjkeeje R833ke83yeXRjyej9N98 R833ke83yeXyyyjy3jyN y
਷ky
bKTH2 LhSR yXyyy938kRe R833ke83ydXyyy938kRe R833ke83ydXyyyyyyyyy y
਷Ry

_272`2M+2b

Ç *?`QMv 6Z
Ç MiTXQ`;, ?QK2 Q7 i?2 L2irQ`F hBK2 S`QiQ+QH T`QD2+i
Ç TQQHXMiTXQ`;, T`QD2+i Q7 pB`imH +Hmbi2` Q7 iBK2b2`p2`b
Ç 6`22/2bFiQTXQ`; BM7Q QM iBK2/i2+iH
Ç 6`22/2bFiQTXQ`; BM7Q QM bvbi2K/@iBK2bvM+/ b2`pB+2
Ç 622/BM; +?`QMv 7`QK :Sa.
Ç a22 i?2 l#mMim hBK2 rBFB T;2 7Q` KQ`2 BM7Q`KiBQMX

.i SHM2 .2p2HQTK2Mi EBi


h?2 .S.E Bb  b2i Q7 HB#``B2b M/ /`Bp2`b 7Q` 7bi T+F2i T`Q+2bbBM; M/ `mMb KQbiHv BM GBMmt mb2`HM/X
Ai Bb  b2i Q7 HB#``B2b i?i T`QpB/2 i?2 bQ +HH2/ dz1MpB`QMK2Mi #bi`+iBQM Gv2`Ǵ U1GVX h?2 1G ?B/2b
i?2 /2iBHb Q7 i?2 2MpB`QMK2Mi M/ T`QpB/2b  biM/`/ T`Q;`KKBM; BMi2`7+2X *QKKQM mb2 +b2b `2
`QmM/ bT2+BH bQHmiBQMb 7Q` BMbiM+2 M2irQ`F 7mM+iBQM pB`imHBxiBQM M/ /pM+2/ ?B;?@i?`Qm;?Tmi M2irQ`F
brBi+?BM;X h?2 .S.E mb2b  `mM@iQ@+QKTH2iBQM KQ/2H 7Q` 7bi /i THM2 T2`7Q`KM+2 M/ ++2bb2b /2pB+2b
pB TQHHBM; iQ 2HBKBMi2 i?2 Hi2M+v Q7 BMi2``mTi T`Q+2bbBM; i i?2 i`/2Qz Q7 ?B;?2` +Tm +QMbmKTiBQMX Ai rb
/2bB;M2/ iQ `mM QM Mv T`Q+2bbQ`bX h?2 }`bi bmTTQ`i2/ *Sl rb AMi2H t3e M/ Bi Bb MQr 2ti2M/2/ iQ A"J
SS*e9 M/ _Je9X
l#mMim 7m`i?2` T`QpB/2b bQK2 BM7`bi`m+im`2 iQ 2b2 .S.Eb mb#BHBivX

S`2`2[mBbBi2b

h?Bb T+F;2 Bb +m``2MiHv +QKTBH2/ 7Q` i?2 HQr2bi TQbbB#H2 *Sl `2[mB`2K2Mib HHQr2/ #v mTbi`2KX ai`iBM;
rBi? .S.E RdXy3 i?i K2Mb Bi `2[mB`2b i H2bi aa19nk M/ Mvi?BM; 2Hb2 +iBpi2/ #v @K`+?4+Q`2Bd UBM
;++V iQ #2 bmTTQ`i2/ #v i?2 *SlX
h?2 HBbi Q7 mTbi`2K .S.E bmTTQ`i2/ M2irQ`F +`/b +M #2 7QmM/ i bmTTQ`i2/ LA*bX "mi  HQi Q7 i?Qb2
`2 /Bb#H2/ #v /27mHi BM i?2 mTbi`2K S`QD2+i b i?2v `2 MQi v2i BM  bi#H2 bii2X h?2 bm#b2i Q7 M2irQ`F
+`/b i?i .S.E ?b 2M#H2/ BM i?2 T+F;2 b pBH#H2 BM l#mMim ReXy9 Bb,
.S.E ?b dzmb2`bT+2Ǵ /`Bp2`b 7Q` i?2 +`/b +HH2/ SJ.bX h?2 T+F;2b 7Q` i?2b2 7QHHQr i?2 Tii2`M Q7
HB#`i2 ਷TK/਷IivT2=਷Ip2`bBQM=X h?2`27Q`2 i?2 2tKTH2 7Q` M BMi2H 2Ryyy BM R3XRR rQmH/ #2 HB#`i2 ਷TK/
਷2Ryyy਷R3XRRX

ee
h?2 KQ`2 +QKKQMHv mb2/- i2bi2/ M/ 7mHHv bmTTQ`i2/ /`Bp2`b `2 BMbiHH2/ b /2T2M/2M+B2b Q7 /T/FX "mi
i?2`2 `2 rv KQ`2 BM mMBp2`b2 i?i 7QHHQr i?2 bK2 MKBM; Tii2`MX

lMbbB;MBM; i?2 /27mHi E2`M2H /`Bp2`b

*`/b ?p2 iQ #2 mMbbB;M2/ 7`QK i?2B` F2`M2H /`Bp2` M/ BMbi2/ #2 bbB;M2/ iQ mBQnT+Bn;2M2`B+ Q7 p}Q ਷T+BX
mBQnT+Bn;2M2`B+ Bb QH/2` M/ mbmHHv ;2iiBM; iQ rQ`F KQ`2 2bBHv- #mi HbQ ?b H2bb 72im`2b M/ BbQHiBQMX
h?2 M2r2` p}Q@T+B `2[mB`2b i?i vQm +iBpi2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; F2`M2H T`K2i2`b iQ 2M#H2 BQKKmX
BQKKm4Ti BMi2HnBQKKm4QM

P` QM J.
K/nBQKKm4Ti

PM iQT 7Q` p}Q@T+B vQm i?2M ?p2 iQ +QM};m`2 M/ bbB;M i?2 BQKKm ;`QmTb ++Q`/BM;HvX h?i Bb KQbiHv
/QM2 BM 6B`Kr`2 M/ #v >q HvQmi- vQm +M +?2+F i?2 ;`QmT bbB;MK2Mi i?2 F2`M2H T`Q#2/ BM fbvbfF2`M2H
fBQKKmn;`QmTbfX
LQi2, pB`iBQ Bb bT2+BH- /T/F +M /B`2+iHv rQ`F QM i?Qb2 /2pB+2b rBi?Qmi p}QnT+BfmBQnT+Bn;2M2`B+X
"mi iQ pQB/ Bbbm2b #v F2`M2H M/ .S.E KM;BM; i?2 /2pB+2 vQm biBHH ?p2 iQ mMbbB;M i?2 F2`M2H
/`Bp2`X
JMmH +QM};m`iBQM M/ biimb +?2+Fb +M #2 /QM2 pB bvb7b Q` rBi? i?2 iQQH /T/FnMB+n#BM/
/T/FnMB+n#BM/ X Tv ਷਷? 2 H T

lb;2,

/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ( Q T i B Q M b ) .1oA*1R .1oA*1k X X X X

r?2`2 .1oA*1R - .1oA*1k 2 i + -  ` 2 b T 2 + B 7 B 2 / p B  S*A Ǵ /QKBM , #mb , b H Q i X 7 m M + Ǵ


bvMit
Q ` Ǵ #mb , b H Q i X 7 m M + Ǵ b v M i  t X 6Q` / 2 p B + 2 b #QmM/ i Q GBMmt F 2 ` M 2 H / ` B p 2 ` b - i?2v Kv
 H b Q #2 ` 2 7 2 ` ` 2 / i Q #v GBMmt B M i 2 ` 7  + 2 MK2 2 X ; X 2i?y - 2i?R - 2Ky - 2KR - 2 i + X

PTiBQMb ,
਷਷?2HT - ਷਷m b  ; 2 ,
. B b T H  v m b  ; 2 B M 7 Q ` K  i B Q M M/ [ m B i

਷b - ਷਷b i  i m b ,
S ` B M i i ? 2 + m ` ` 2 M i b i  i m b Q 7  H H FMQrM M2irQ`F - +`vTiQ - 2 p 2 M i
M/ K2KTQQH / 2 p B + 2 b X
6Q` 2+? / 2 p B + 2 - B i / B b T H  v b i ? 2 S*A /QKBM - #mb - b H Q i M/ 7 m M + i B Q M -
 H Q M ; rBi?  i 2 t i / 2 b + ` B T i B Q M Q 7 i ? 2 / 2 p B + 2 X .2T2M/BM; mTQM r?2i?2` i ? 2
/ 2 p B + 2 B b # 2 B M ; mb2/ #v  F 2 ` M 2 H / ` B p 2 ` - i ? 2 B;#nmBQ / ` B p 2 ` - Q ` MQ
/ ` B p 2 ` - Q i ? 2 ` ` 2 H 2 p  M i B M 7 Q ` K  i B Q M r B H H #2 / B b T H  v 2 / ,
i ? 2 GBMmt B M i 2 ` 7  + 2 MK2 2 X ; X B 7 42 i ? y
i ? 2 / ` B p 2 ` # 2 B M ; mb2/ 2 X ; X /`p4B;#nmBQ
Mv b m B i  # H 2 / ` B p 2 ` b MQi + m ` ` 2 M i H v m b B M ; i ?  i / 2 p B + 2
2 X ; X mMmb2/4B;#nmBQ
LPh1, B 7 i ? B b 7 H  ; B b T  b b 2 /  H Q M ; rBi?  #BM/ f mM#BM/ Q T i B Q M - i ? 2
b i  i m b / B b T H  v r B H H Hrvb Q + + m `  7 i 2 ` i ? 2 Q i ? 2 ` Q T 2 `  i B Q M b ?p2 iF2M
TH+2 X

ed
਷਷b i  i m b ਷/2p ,
S ` B M i i ? 2 b i  i m b Q 7 ; B p 2 M / 2 p B + 2 ;`QmT X amTTQ`i2/ / 2 p B + 2 ; `Q m T b  ` 2 ,
Ǵ M 2 i Ǵ - Ǵ + ` v T i Q Ǵ - Ǵ 2 p 2 M i Ǵ - ǴK2KTQQHǴ M/ Ǵ +QKT`2bb Ǵ

਷# / ` B p 2 ` - ਷਷#BM/4/ ` B p 2 ` ,
a 2 H 2 + i i ? 2 / ` B p 2 ` i Q m b 2 Q ` Ǵ MQM2 Ǵ i Q mM#BM/ i ? 2 / 2 p B + 2

਷m - ਷਷mM#BM/ ,
lM#BM/  / 2 p B + 2 U 1 [ m B p  H 2 M i i Q Ǵ਷# MQM2 Ǵ V

਷਷7 Q ` + 2 ,
"v / 2 7  m H i - M2irQ`F / 2 p B + 2 b r?B+?  ` 2 mb2/ #v GBMmt ਷  b B M / B +  i 2 / #v
?pBM; ` Q m i 2 b B M i ? 2 ` Q m i B M ; i  # H 2 ਷ +MMQi #2 K Q / B 7 B 2 / X lbBM; i ? 2
਷਷7 Q ` + 2 7 H  ; Q p 2 ` ` B / 2 b i ? B b # 2 ?  p B Q ` -  H H Q r B M ;  + i B p 2 H B M F b i Q #2
7 Q ` + B # H v mM#QmM/ X
q_LAL:, h?Bb +M H 2  / i Q H Q b b Q 7 M2irQ`F + Q M M 2 + i B Q M M/ b ? Q m H / #2 mb2/
rBi? +  m i B Q M X

1tKTH2b ,
਷਷਷਷਷਷਷਷਷

hQ / B b T H  v + m ` ` 2 M i / 2 p B + 2 b i  i m b ,
/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ਷਷b i  i m b

hQ / B b T H  v + m ` ` 2 M i M2irQ`F / 2 p B + 2 b i  i m b ,
/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ਷਷b i  i m b ਷/2p M 2 i

hQ #BM/ 2 i ? R 7`QK i ? 2 + m ` ` 2 M i / ` B p 2 ` M/ KQp2 i Q m b 2 B;#nmBQ


/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ਷਷#BM/4B;#nmBQ 2 i?R

hQ mM#BM/ y y y y , y R , y y X y 7`QK m b B M ; Mv / ` B p 2 `


/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ਷m y y y y , y R , y y X y

hQ #BM/ y y y y , y k , y y X y M/ y y y y , y k , y y X R i Q i ? 2 B t ; # 2 F 2 ` M 2 H / ` B p 2 `
/T/F਷/2p#BM/ X Tv ਷# B t ; # 2 y k , y y X y y k , y y X R

.S.E .2pB+2 +QM};m`iBQM

h?2 T+F;2 /T/F T`QpB/2b BMBi b+`BTib i?i 2b2 +QM};m`iBQM Q7 /2pB+2 bbB;MK2Mi M/ ?m;2 T;2bX Ai HbQ
KF2b i?2K T2`bBbi2Mi +`Qbb `2#QQibX
h?2 7QHHQrBM; Bb M 2tKTH2 Q7 i?2 }H2 f2i+f/T/FfBMi2`7+2b +QM};m`BM; irQ TQ`ib Q7  M2irQ`F +`/X PM2
rBi? mBQnT+Bn;2M2`B+ M/ i?2 Qi?2` QM2 rBi? p}Q ਷T+BX
O I#mb= *m``2MiHv QMHv Ǵ T+B Ǵ B b bmTTQ`i2/
O IB/= .2pB + 2 A. QM i ? 2 b T 2 + B 7 B 2 / #mb
O I/ ` B p 2 ` = . ` B p 2 ` i Q #BM/  ;  B M b i U p 7 B Q ਷T + B Q ` m B Q n T + B n ; 2 M 2 ` B + V
O
O "2 r`2 i ?  i i ? 2 irQ .S.E + Q K T  i B # H 2 / ` B p 2 ` b m B Q n T + B n ; 2 M 2 ` B + M/ p 7 B Q ਷T + B
`2
O T  ` i Q 7 H B M m t ਷BK;2਷2 t i `  ਷Io1_aAPL= T+F;2 X
O h?Bb T+F;2 B b MQi Hrvb B M b i  H H 2 / #v / 2 7  m H i ਷ 7 Q ` 2tKTH2 B M +HQm/ ਷
BK;2b X
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*J., bm/Q b 2 ` p B + 2 QT2MpbrBi+? ਷b r B i + ? ` 2 b i  ` i

auaGP:,
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j R X j d k w % y y y y j % /2KQMnmMBt U KQMBiQ` V % AL6P % T B / jjkN /B2/ - F B H H 2 /
U h2`KBMi2/ V - 2 t B i B M ;
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j d d w % y y y y k % p H Q ; % AL6P % QT2M2/ H Q ; 7 B H 2 f p` f H Q ; f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / X H Q ;
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j 3 R w % y y y y j % QpbnMmK % AL6P % . B b + Q p 2 ` 2 / Rk *Sl + Q ` 2 b QM LlJ
MQ/2 y
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j 3 R w % y y y y 9 % QpbnMmK % AL6P % . B b + Q p 2 ` 2 / R LlJ MQ/2b M/ Rk
*Sl + Q ` 2 b
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j 3 R w % y y y y 8 % ` 2 + Q M M 2 + i % AL6P % mMBt , f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f/# X
bQ+F , +QMM2+iBM; X X X
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j 3 j w % y y y y e % ` 2 + Q M M 2 + i % AL6P % mMBt , f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f/# X
bQ+F , +QMM2+i2/
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j j X j 3 e w % y y y y d % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / U PT2M parBi+? V k X 8 X y

Poa਷GP:,
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i Q T T B M ; PT2M parBi+? X X X
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , aiQTT2/ PT2M parBi+? X
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i Q T T B M ; PT2M parBi+? A M i 2 ` M  H lMBi X X X
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 9 R ) , E B H H B M ; Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / U j j k N V
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 9 R ) , E B H H B M ; Qpb/#਷b 2 ` p 2 ` U j j R 3 V
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , aiQTT2/ PT2M parBi+? A M i 2 ` M  H lMBi X
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i B M ; PT2M parBi+? A M i 2 ` M  H lMBi X X X
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , a i  ` i B M ; Qpb/#਷b 2 ` p 2 `
Qpb਷p b + i H , Qpb % y y y y R % p b + i H % AL6P % *  H H 2 /  b Qpb਷p b + i H ਷਷MQ਷r  B i ਷਷ B M B i ਷਷ b 2 i
PT2MnparBi+? X /#਷p 2 ` b B Q M 4 d X R k X R
Qpb਷p b + i H , Qpb % y y y y R % p b + i H % AL6P % *  H H 2 /  b Qpb਷p b + i H ਷਷MQ਷r  B i b 2 i PT2MnparBi+?
X Qpb਷p 2 ` b B Q M 4 k X 8 X y Ǵ 2 t i 2 ` M  H ਷B / b , bvbi2K਷B / 4$Ǵ2d+8#3y਷##R9 ਷98+R਷#32# ਷ek3
7 j  / y j N y j $ǴǴ Ǵ bvbi2K਷ivT2 4$Ǵl#mMim $ǴǴ Ǵ bvbi2K਷p 2 ` b B Q M 4$ǴReXy9 ਷ t 2 M B  H $ǴǴ
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , * Q M 7 B ; m ` B M ; PT2M parBi+? bvbi2K A.b
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , j R w % y y y y R % /T/F % AL6P % LQ ਷p?QbinbQ+Fn/B`
T ` Q p B / 2 / ਷ / 2 7  m H i B M ; i Q f p` f `mM f Q T2 M p b r B i + ?
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / , Qpb % y y y y R % /T/F % AL6P % LQ ਷p?QbinbQ+Fn/B` T ` Q p B / 2 / ਷ / 2 7  m H i B M ; i Q
f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ?

dj
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 y  b + Q ` 2 y QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 R  b + Q ` 2 R QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 k  b + Q ` 2 k QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 j  b + Q ` 2 j QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 9  b + Q ` 2 9 QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 8  b + Q ` 2 8 QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 e  b + Q ` 2 y QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 d  b + Q ` 2 R QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 3  b + Q ` 2 k QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 N  b + Q ` 2 j QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 Ry  b + Q ` 2 9 QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / H + Q ` 2 RR  b + Q ` 2 8 QM b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, amTTQ`i KtBKmK Rk3 H Q ; B +  H + Q ` 2 U b V #v + Q M 7 B ; m `  i B Q M X
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, . 2 i 2 + i 2 / Rk H + Q ` 2 U b V
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, o6AP KQ/mH2b MQi  H H HQ/2/ - b F B T o6AP b m T T Q ` i X X X
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, a 2 i i B M ; mT T ? v b B +  H H v + Q M i B ; m Q m b K2KQ`v X X X
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, bF  p B ` i m  H  ` 2  Q 7 y tRyyyyyyyy # v i 2 b
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, o B ` i m  H  ` 2  7QmM/  i y t d 7 k y 9 y y y y y y y U b B x 2 4 y tRyyyyyyyy V
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, _ 2 [ m 2 b i B M ; 9 T  ; 2 b Q 7 b B x 2 Ryk9J" 7`QK b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, ha* 7 ` 2 [ m 2 M + v B b kjNdkyk E>x
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, ha* 7 ` 2 [ m 2 M + v B b kjNdkyk E>x
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, Jbi2` H + Q ` 2 y B b `2/v U i B /47 + e + # # y y c + T m b 2 i 4 ( y ) V
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, S*A / 2 p B + 2 y y y y , y 9 , y y X y QM LlJ b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, T`Q#2 / ` B p 2 ` , 3 y 3 e , R 8 k 3 `i2nBt;#2nTK/
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, LQi KM;2/ #v  b m T T Q ` i 2 / F 2 ` M 2 H / ` B p 2 ` - b F B T T 2 /
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, S*A / 2 p B + 2 y y y y , y 9 , y y X R QM LlJ b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, T`Q#2 / ` B p 2 ` , 3 y 3 e , R 8 k 3 `i2nBt;#2nTK/
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, S*A K2KQ`v KTT2/  i y t d 7 k R 9 y y y y y y y
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , 1G, S*A K2KQ`v KTT2/  i y t d 7 k R 9 y k y y y y y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, Jbi2` H + Q ` 2 y B b `2/v U i B /47 + e + # # y y c + T m b 2 i 4 ( y ) V
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, S*A / 2 p B + 2 y y y y , y 9 , y y X y QM LlJ b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, T`Q#2 / ` B p 2 ` , 3 y 3 e , R 8 k 3 `i2nBt;#2nTK/
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, LQi KM;2/ #v  b m T T Q ` i 2 / F 2 ` M 2 H / ` B p 2 ` - b F B T T 2 /
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, S*A / 2 p B + 2 y y y y , y 9 , y y X R QM LlJ b Q + F 2 i y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, T`Q#2 / ` B p 2 ` , 3 y 3 e , R 8 k 3 `i2nBt;#2nTK/
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, S*A K2KQ`v KTT2/  i y t d 7 k R 9 y y y y y y y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1G, S*A K2KQ`v KTT2/  i y t d 7 k R 9 y k y y y y y
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , SJ., 2i?nBt;#2n/2pnBMBi U V , J*, 9 - S>u, j
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N k ) , SJ., 2i?nBt;#2n/2pnBMBi U V , T Q ` i y p2M/Q`A.4yt3y3e / 2 p B + 2 A .
4ytR8k3
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , SJ., 2i?nBt;#2n/2pnBMBi U V , J*, 9 - S>u, j
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , SJ., 2i?nBt;#2n/2pnBMBi U V , T Q ` i y p2M/Q`A.4yt3y3e / 2 p B + 2 A .4y
tR8k3
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , wQM2 y , MK2,I_:nJSnHQ;n?BbiQ`v=- T?vb , y t 3 j 7 7 7 / 2 + y - H 2 M , y tky3y -
p B ` i ,y td7kRj777/2+y - bQ+F2inB/ , y - 7 H  ; b ,y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , wQM2 R , MK2,IJSnHQ;n?BbiQ`v =- T?vb , y t3j7/dj/9y - H 2 M , y tk3y+y -
p B ` i , y td7kRj7/dj/9y - bQ+F2inB/ , y - 7 H  ; b , y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , wQM2 k , MK2,I `i2n2i?n/2pn/i =- T?vb , y t3j7/9jj3y - H 2 M , y tk7dyy -
p B ` i ,y td7kRj7/9jj3y - bQ+F2inB/ , y - 7 H  ; b ,y
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , a i  ` i B M ; Qpb਷p b r B i + ? /
Qpb਷+ i H ( j 8 e y ) , 1M#H BM; `2KQi2 Poa." KM;2`b
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i 2 / PT2M parBi+? A M i 2 ` M  H lMBi X
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i B M ; PT2M parBi+? X X X
bvbi2K/ ( R ) , a i  ` i 2 / PT2M parBi+? X

d9
*J., bm/Q Qpb਷p b + i H //਷#` Qpb/T/F#`y ਷਷ b 2 i # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y /iTi?nivT24
M2i/2p

auaGP:,
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 9 w % y y y y 3 % K2KQ`v % AL6P% j d k 8 e F" T2F ` 2 b B / 2 M i b 2 i b B x 2
 7 i 2 ` k9X8 b2+QM/b
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y y N % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
bmTTQ`ib ` 2 + B ` + m H  i B Q M
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R y % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , JSGa H  # 2 H
b i  + F H 2 M ; i ? T`Q#2/  b j
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R R % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
b m T T Q ` i b mMB[m2 7 H Q r B / b
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R k % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
/ Q 2 b MQi b m T T Q ` i + i n b i  i 2
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R j % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
/ Q 2 b MQi b m T T Q ` i +inxQM2
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R 9 % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
/ Q 2 b MQi b m T T Q ` i +inK`F
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j 9 e w % y y y R 8 % Q 7 T ` Q i Q n / T B 7 % AL6P % M2i/2p!Qpb਷M2i/2p , .iTi?
/ Q 2 b MQi b m T T Q ` i + i n H  # 2 H
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j e y w % y y y R e % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y , //2/ B M i 2 ` 7  + 2
Qpb/T/F#`y QM T Q ` i e88j9
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j e R w % y y y R d % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y , m b B M ; /iTi?
A. yyyy8 9R2/yR9/
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 3 , 8 e X j e R w % y y y R 3 % +QMMK;` % AL6P % Qpb/T/F#`y , //2/ b 2 ` p B + 2
+ Q M i ` Q H H 2 ` Ǵ TmMBt , f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f Qpb/T/F#`y X K;KiǴ

Poa਷GP:,
Qpb਷p b + i H , Qpb % y y y y R % p b + i H % AL6P % *  H H 2 /  b Qpb਷p b + i H //਷#` Qpb/T/F#`y ਷਷ b 2 i
# ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y /iTi?nivT24M2i/2p
bvbi2K/਷m/2p/ ( j e y d ) , *QmH/ MQi ; 2 M 2 `  i 2 T 2 ` b B b i 2 M i J*  / / ` 2 b b 7 Q ` Qpb਷M2i/2p ,
LQ bm+? 7 B H 2 Q ` / B ` 2 + i Q ` v
F 2 ` M 2 H , ( 8 y R e 8 X 3 3 e 8 8 9 ) / 2 p B + 2 Qpb਷M2i/2p 2 M i 2 ` 2 / T `QKBb+mQmb KQ/2
F 2 ` M 2 H , ( 8 y R e 8 X N y R k e R ) / 2 p B + 2 Qpb/T/F#`y 2 M i 2 ` 2 / T `QKBb+mQmb KQ/2

*J., bm/Q Qpb਷p b + i H //਷T Q ` i Qpb/T/F#`y /T/Fy ਷਷ b 2 i A M i 2 ` 7  + 2 /T/Fy ivT24/T/F

auaGP:,
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , y e X j e N w % y y y R N % K2KQ`v % AL6P % T2F ` 2 b B / 2 M i b 2 i b B x 2 ;`2r R88W B M
H  b i R y X y b 2 + Q M / b - 7`QK jdk8e F" i Q N8yy3 F"
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , y e X j e N w % y y y k y % K2KQ`v % AL6P % ?  M / H 2 ` b , 9 T Q ` i b , R ` 2 p  H B /  i Q ` b , k
`mH2b ,8
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j y X N 3 N w % y y y k R % /T/F % AL6P % SQ`i y , 3 + , /+ , /9 , #j , e / , 2N
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k y w % y y y k k % /T/F % AL6P % SQ`i y , 3 + , /+ , /9 , #j , e / , 2N
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k R w % y y y k j % / T B 7 n M 2 i / 2 p % AL6P % *`2i2/ R TK/ i ? ` 2  / b QM MmK
MQ/2 y
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k k w % y y y y R % / T B 7 n M 2 i / 2 p U TK/Re V % AL6P % *Q`2 y T ` Q + 2 b b B M ; T Q ` i
Ƕ /T/Fy Ƕ
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k k w % y y y k 9 % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y , //2/ B M i 2 ` 7  + 2
/T/Fy QM T Q ` i R
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k k w % y y y k 8 % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y , m b B M ; /iTi?

d8
A. yyyy3 +/+/9#je/2N
kyRe਷yR਷kkhy3 , 8 N , j R X 8 k j w % y y y y k % / T B 7 n M 2 i / 2 p U TK/Re V % AL6P % *Q`2 y T ` Q + 2 b b B M ; T Q ` i
Ƕ /T/Fy Ƕ

Poa਷GP:,
Qpb਷p b + i H , Qpb % y y y y R % p b + i H % AL6P % *  H H 2 /  b Qpb਷p b + i H //਷T Q ` i Qpb/T/F#`y /T/Fy
਷਷ b 2 i A M i 2 ` 7  + 2 /T/Fy ivT24/T/F
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., Bt;#2n/2pnitn[m2m2nb2imT U V , brn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d N 2 # + y
?rn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d  e + y y /Kn//`4yt3Rde+yy
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., B t ; # 2 n b 2 i n i t n 7 m M + i B Q M U V , lbBM; b B K T H 2 it +Q/2 Ti?
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., B t ; # 2 n b 2 i n i t n 7 m M + i B Q M U V , o2+iQ` it 2 M  # H 2 / X
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., Bt;#2n/2pn`tn[m2m2nb2imT U V , brn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d 3  e + y
brnb+n`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d 3 e 8 3 y ?rn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d 3 2 3 y y /Kn//`4yt3Rd323yy
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., B t ; # 2 n b 2 i n ` t n 7 m M + i B Q M U V , o 2 + i Q ` `t 2M#H2/ - T H 2  b 2
KF2 b m ` 2 _s # m ` b i b B x 2 MQ H 2 b b i?M 9 U T Q ` i 4yV X
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , SJ., Bt;#2n/2pnitn[m2m2nb2imT U V , brn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d N 2 # + y
?rn`BM;4yt d 7 k R R  d  e + y y /Kn//`4yt3Rde+yy
XXX

*J., bm/Q Qpb਷p b + i H //਷T Q ` i Qpb/T/F#`y p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷R ਷਷ b 2 i A M i 2 ` 7  + 2 p?Qbi਷


m b 2 ` ਷R ivT24/ T / F p ? Q b i m b 2 `

Poa਷GP:,
kyRe਷yR਷kkhyN , y y , j 8 X R 9 8 w % y y y k e % /T/F % AL6P % a Q + F 2 i f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f p?Qbi਷
m b 2 ` ਷R + ` 2  i 2 / 7 Q ` p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` T Q ` i p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷R
kyRe਷yR਷kkhyN , y y , j 8 X R 9 8 w % y y y y j % / T B 7 n M 2 i / 2 p U TK/Re V % AL6P % *Q`2 y T ` Q + 2 b b B M ; T Q ` i
Ƕ /T/Fy Ƕ
kyRe਷yR਷kkhyN , y y , j 8 X R 9 8 w % y y y y 9 % / T B 7 n M 2 i / 2 p U TK/Re V % AL6P % *Q`2 y T ` Q + 2 b b B M ; T Q ` i
Ƕ p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷RǶ
kyRe਷yR਷kkhyN , y y , j 8 X R 9 8 w % y y y k d % # ` B / ; 2 % AL6P % # ` B / ; 2 Qpb/T/F#`y , //2/ B M i 2 ` 7  + 2
p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷R QM T Q ` i k

auaGP:,
Qpb਷p b + i H , Qpb % y y y y R % p b + i H % AL6P % *  H H 2 /  b Qpb਷p b + i H //਷T Q ` i Qpb/T/F#`y p?Qbi਷
m b 2 ` ਷R ਷਷ b 2 i A M i 2 ` 7  + 2 p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷R ivT24/ T / F p ? Q b i m b 2 `
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , o>Pahn*PL6A:, b Q + F 2 i + ` 2  i 2 / - 7 / , 9 e
Qpb਷p b r B i + ? / ( j 8 N 8 ) , o>Pahn*PL6A:, #BM/ i Q f p` f `mM f Q T 2 M p b r B i + ? f p?Qbi਷m b 2 ` ਷R

1 p 2 M i m  H H v r2 +M b 2 2 i ? 2 T Q H H i ? ` 2  / B M iQT
SA. la1_ S_ LA oA_h _1a a>_ a W*Sl WJ1J hAJ1Y *PJJL.
j8N8 ` Q Q i Ry ਷Ry 9Nd8j99 RyjNje NNRe a R y y X y y X j j j , R j X 8 e Qpb਷
pbrBi+?/

_2bQm`+2b

Ç .S.E .Q+mK2MiiBQM
Ç _2H2b2 LQi2b Ki+?BM; i?2 p2`bBQM T+F;2b BM l#mMim ReXy9
Ç GBMmt .S.E lb2` :2iiBM; ai`i2/
Ç 1G *QKKM/@HBM2 PTiBQMb
Ç .S.E TB .Q+mK2MiiBQM

de
Ç PT2MobrBi+? .S.E BMbiHHiBQM
Ç qBFBT2/Bb /2}MBiBQM Q7 .S.E

a2+m`Biv
a2+m`Biv b?QmH/ Hrvb #2 +QMbB/2`2/ r?2M BMbiHHBM;- /2THQvBM;- M/ mbBM; Mv ivT2 Q7 +QKTmi2` bvbi2KX
Hi?Qm;?  7`2b? BMbiHHiBQM Q7 l#mMim Bb `2HiBp2Hv b72 7Q` BKK2/Bi2 mb2 QM i?2 AMi2`M2i- Bi Bb BKTQ`iMi
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+M T`Qi2+i vQm` b2`p2` i?`Qm;? bBKTH2 M/ 2z2+iBp2 mb2` ++QmMi KM;2K2Mi i2+?MB[m2bX

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HH l#mMim BMbiHHiBQMbX h?Bb /Q2b MQi K2M i?i i?2 `QQi ++QmMi ?b #22M /2H2i2/ Q` i?i Bi Kv MQi #2
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BM /B`2+iHv #v Bib2H7X
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/miB2bX am/Q HHQrb M mi?Q`Bx2/ mb2` iQ i2KTQ``BHv 2H2pi2 i?2B` T`BpBH2;2b mbBM; i?2B` QrM TbbrQ`/
BMbi2/ Q7 ?pBM; iQ FMQr i?2 TbbrQ`/ #2HQM;BM; iQ i?2 `QQi ++QmMiX h?Bb bBKTH2 v2i 2z2+iBp2 K2i?Q/QHQ;v
T`QpB/2b ++QmMi#BHBiv 7Q` HH mb2` +iBQMb- M/ ;Bp2b i?2 /KBMBbi`iQ` ;`MmH` +QMi`QH Qp2` r?B+? +iBQMb
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bm/Q Tbbr/

am/Q rBHH T`QKTi vQm 7Q` vQm` TbbrQ`/- M/ i?2M bF vQm iQ bmTTHv  M2r TbbrQ`/ 7Q` `QQi b b?QrM
#2HQr,
( bm/Q ) TbbrQ`/ 7 Q ` mb2`MK2 , U 2 M i 2 ` vQm` QrM TbbrQ`/ V
1Mi2` M2r lLAs TbbrQ`/ , U 2 M i 2 `  M2r TbbrQ`/ 7 Q ` ` Q Q i V
_2ivT2 M2r lLAs TbbrQ`/ , U ` 2 T 2  i M2r TbbrQ`/ 7 Q ` ` Q Q i V
Tbbr/ , TbbrQ`/ mT/i2/ b m + + 2 b b 7 m H H v

Ç hQ /Bb#H2 i?2 `QQi ++QmMi TbbrQ`/- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; Tbbr/ bvMit,
bm/Q Tbbr/ ਷ H ` Q Q i

Ç uQm b?QmH/ `2/ KQ`2 QM am/Q #v `2/BM; i?2 KM T;2,


KM bm/Q

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iQ i?2 }H2 f2i+fbm/Q2`b b M mi?Q`Bx2/ bm/Q mb2`X A7 vQm rBb? iQ ;Bp2 Mv Qi?2` ++QmMi 7mHH `QQi ++2bb
i?`Qm;? bm/Q- bBKTHv // i?2K iQ i?2 bm/Q ;`QmTX

//BM; M/ .2H2iBM; lb2`b

h?2 T`Q+2bb 7Q` KM;BM; HQ+H mb2`b M/ ;`QmTb Bb bi`B;?i7Q`r`/ M/ /Bz2`b p2`v HBiiH2 7`QK KQbi Qi?2`
:LlfGBMmt QT2`iBM; bvbi2KbX l#mMim M/ Qi?2` .2#BM #b2/ /Bbi`B#miBQMb 2M+Qm`;2 i?2 mb2 Q7 i?2
ǵ//mb2`Ƕ T+F;2 7Q` ++QmMi KM;2K2MiX
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M/ B/2MiB}#H2 +?`+i2`BbiB+b- bm+? b  7mHH MK2- T?QM2 MmK#2`- 2i+X
bm/Q  / / m b 2 ` mb2`MK2

Ç hQ /2H2i2  mb2` ++QmMi M/ Bib T`BK`v ;`QmT- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,
bm/Q / 2 H m b 2 ` mb2`MK2

.2H2iBM; M ++QmMi /Q2b MQi `2KQp2 i?2B` `2bT2+iBp2 ?QK2 7QH/2`X Ai Bb mT iQ vQm r?2i?2` Q` MQi vQm
rBb? iQ /2H2i2 i?2 7QH/2` KMmHHv Q` F22T Bi ++Q`/BM; iQ vQm` /2bB`2/ `2i2MiBQM TQHB+B2bX
_2K2K#2`- Mv mb2` //2/ Hi2` QM rBi? i?2 bK2 lA.f:A. b i?2 T`2pBQmb QrM2` rBHH MQr ?p2
++2bb iQ i?Bb 7QH/2` B7 vQm ?p2 MQi iF2M i?2 M2+2bb`v T`2+miBQMbX
uQm Kv rMi iQ +?M;2 i?2b2 lA.f:A. pHm2b iQ bQK2i?BM; KQ`2 TT`QT`Bi2- bm+? b i?2 `QQi
++QmMi- M/ T2`?Tb 2p2M `2HQ+i2 i?2 7QH/2` iQ pQB/ 7mim`2 +QM~B+ib,
bm/Q +?QrM ਷_ ` Q Q i , ` Q Q i f?QK2f mb2`MK2 f
bm/Q KF/B` f?QK2f  ` + ? B p 2 / n m b 2 ` b f
bm/Q Kp f?QK2f mb2`MK2 f?QK2f  ` + ? B p 2 / n m b 2 ` b f

Ç hQ i2KTQ``BHv HQ+F Q` mMHQ+F  mb2` TbbrQ`/- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit- `2bT2+iBp2Hv,
bm/Q Tbbr/ ਷ H mb2`MK2
bm/Q Tbbr/ ਷m mb2`MK2

Ç hQ // Q` /2H2i2  T2`bQMHBx2/ ;`QmT- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit- `2bT2+iBp2Hv,


bm/Q //;`QmT ;`QmTMK2
bm/Q / 2 H ; ` Q m T ;`QmTMK2

Ç hQ //  mb2` iQ  ;`QmT- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,


bm/Q  / / m b 2 ` mb2`MK2 ;`QmTMK2

lb2` S`Q}H2 a2+m`Biv

q?2M  M2r mb2` Bb +`2i2/- i?2 //mb2` miBHBiv +`2i2b  #`M/ M2r ?QK2 /B`2+iQ`v MK2/ f?QK2fmb2`MK2X
h?2 /27mHi T`Q}H2 Bb KQ/2H2/ 7i2` i?2 +QMi2Mib 7QmM/ BM i?2 /B`2+iQ`v Q7 f2i+fbF2H- r?B+? BM+Hm/2b HH T`Q}H2
#bB+bX
A7 vQm` b2`p2` rBHH #2 ?QK2 iQ KmHiBTH2 mb2`b- vQm b?QmH/ Tv +HQb2 ii2MiBQM iQ i?2 mb2` ?QK2 /B`2+iQ`v
T2`KBbbBQMb iQ 2Mbm`2 +QM}/2MiBHBivX "v /27mHi- mb2` ?QK2 /B`2+iQ`B2b BM l#mMim `2 +`2i2/ rBi? rQ`H/
`2/f2t2+mi2 T2`KBbbBQMbX h?Bb K2Mb i?i HH mb2`b +M #`Qrb2 M/ ++2bb i?2 +QMi2Mib Q7 Qi?2` mb2`b ?QK2
/B`2+iQ`B2bX h?Bb Kv MQi #2 bmBi#H2 7Q` vQm` 2MpB`QMK2MiX

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Ç hQ p2`B7v vQm` +m``2Mi mb2` ?QK2 /B`2+iQ`v T2`KBbbBQMb- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,
H b ਷H / f?QK2f mb2`MK2

h?2 7QHHQrBM; QmiTmi b?Qrb i?i i?2 /B`2+iQ`v f?QK2fmb2`MK2 ?b rQ`H/@`2/#H2 T2`KBbbBQMb,
/`rt`਷t`਷t k mb2`MK2 mb2`MK2 9yNe kyyd਷Ry਷yk k y , y j mb2`MK2

Ç uQm +M `2KQp2 i?2 rQ`H/ `2/#H2@T2`KBbbBQMb mbBM; i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,
bm/Q +?KQ/ yd8y f?QK2f mb2`MK2

LQi2
aQK2 T2QTH2 i2M/ iQ mb2 i?2 `2+m`bBp2 QTiBQM U@_V BM/Bb+`BKBMi2Hv r?B+? KQ/B}2b HH +?BH/
7QH/2`b M/ }H2b- #mi i?Bb Bb MQi M2+2bb`v- M/ Kv vB2H/ Qi?2` mM/2bB`#H2 `2bmHibX h?2
T`2Mi /B`2+iQ`v HQM2 Bb bm{+B2Mi 7Q` T`2p2MiBM; mMmi?Q`Bx2/ ++2bb iQ Mvi?BM; #2HQr i?2
T`2MiX
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r?2M +`2iBM; mb2` ?QK2 7QH/2`bX aBKTHv 2/Bi i?2 }H2 f2i+f//mb2`X+QM7 M/ KQ/B7v i?2 .A_nJP.1
p`B#H2 iQ bQK2i?BM; TT`QT`Bi2- bQ i?i HH M2r ?QK2 /B`2+iQ`B2b rBHH `2+2Bp2 i?2 +Q``2+i T2`KBbbBQMbX
.A_nJP.14yd8y

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`2bmHib mbBM; i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,
H b ਷H / f?QK2f mb2`MK2

h?2 `2bmHib #2HQr b?Qr i?i rQ`H/@`2/#H2 T2`KBbbBQMb ?p2 #22M `2KQp2/,
/`rt`਷t਷਷਷ k mb2`MK2 mb2`MK2 9yNe kyyd਷Ry਷yk k y , y j mb2`MK2

SbbrQ`/ SQHB+v

 bi`QM; TbbrQ`/ TQHB+v Bb QM2 Q7 i?2 KQbi BKTQ`iMi bT2+ib Q7 vQm` b2+m`Biv TQbim`2X JMv bm++2bb7mH
b2+m`Biv #`2+?2b BMpQHp2 bBKTH2 #`mi2 7Q`+2 M/ /B+iBQM`v ii+Fb ;BMbi r2F TbbrQ`/bX A7 vQm BMi2M/
iQ Qz2` Mv 7Q`K Q7 `2KQi2 ++2bb BMpQHpBM; vQm` HQ+H TbbrQ`/ bvbi2K- KF2 bm`2 vQm /2[mi2Hv //`2bb
KBMBKmK TbbrQ`/ +QKTH2tBiv `2[mB`2K2Mib- KtBKmK TbbrQ`/ HB72iBK2b- M/ 7`2[m2Mi m/Bib Q7 vQm`
mi?2MiB+iBQM bvbi2KbX

JBMBKmK SbbrQ`/ G2M;i?

"v /27mHi- l#mMim `2[mB`2b  KBMBKmK TbbrQ`/ H2M;i? Q7 e +?`+i2`b- b r2HH b bQK2 #bB+ 2Mi`QTv
+?2+FbX h?2b2 pHm2b `2 +QMi`QHH2/ BM i?2 }H2 f2i+fTKX/f+QKKQM਷TbbrQ`/- r?B+? Bb QmiHBM2/ #2HQrX
TbbrQ`/ ( b m + + 2 b b 4R / 2 7  m H i4B ; M Q ` 2 ) TKnmMBt X b Q Q # b + m ` 2 b?8Rk

A7 vQm rQmH/ HBF2 iQ /Dmbi i?2 KBMBKmK H2M;i? iQ 3 +?`+i2`b- +?M;2 i?2 TT`QT`Bi2 p`B#H2 iQ KBM43X
h?2 KQ/B}+iBQM Bb QmiHBM2/ #2HQrX
TbbrQ`/ ( b m + + 2 b b 4R / 2 7  m H i4B ; M Q ` 2 ) TKnmMBt X b Q Q # b + m ` 2 b?8Rk
KBMH2M43

LQi2
"bB+ TbbrQ`/ 2Mi`QTv +?2+Fb M/ KBMBKmK H2M;i? `mH2b /Q MQi TTHv iQ i?2 /KBMBbi`iQ` mbBM;
bm/Q H2p2H +QKKM/b iQ b2imT  M2r mb2`X

dN
SbbrQ`/ 1tTB`iBQM

q?2M +`2iBM; mb2` ++QmMib- vQm b?QmH/ KF2 Bi  TQHB+v iQ ?p2  KBMBKmK M/ KtBKmK TbbrQ`/ ;2
7Q`+BM; mb2`b iQ +?M;2 i?2B` TbbrQ`/b r?2M i?2v 2tTB`2X
Ç hQ 2bBHv pB2r i?2 +m``2Mi biimb Q7  mb2` ++QmMi- mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit,
bm/Q +?;2 ਷ H mb2`MK2

h?2 QmiTmi #2HQr b?Qrb BMi2`2biBM; 7+ib #Qmi i?2 mb2` ++QmMi- MK2Hv i?i i?2`2 `2 MQ TQHB+B2b
TTHB2/,
Gbi TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , CM k y - kyR8
SbbrQ`/ 2 t T B ` 2 b , M2p2`
SbbrQ`/ B M  + i B p 2 , M2p2`
++QmMi 2 t T B ` 2 b , M2p2`
JBMBKmK MmK#2` Q 7 /vb #2ir22M TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , y
JtBKmK MmK#2` Q 7 /vb #2ir22M TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , NNNNN
LmK#2` Q 7 /vb Q 7 r`MBM; # 2 7 Q ` 2 TbbrQ`/ 2 t T B ` 2 b , d

Ç hQ b2i Mv Q7 i?2b2 pHm2b- bBKTHv mb2 i?2 7QHHQrBM; bvMit- M/ 7QHHQr i?2 BMi2`+iBp2 T`QKTib,
bm/Q +?;2 mb2`MK2

h?2 7QHHQrBM; Bb HbQ M 2tKTH2 Q7 ?Qr vQm +M KMmHHv +?M;2 i?2 2tTHB+Bi 2tTB`iBQM /i2 U@1V iQ
yRfjRfkyR8- KBMBKmK TbbrQ`/ ;2 U@KV Q7 8 /vb- KtBKmK TbbrQ`/ ;2 U@JV Q7 Ny /vb- BM+iBpBiv
T2`BQ/ U@AV Q7 jy /vb 7i2` TbbrQ`/ 2tTB`iBQM- M/  r`MBM; iBK2 T2`BQ/ U@qV Q7 R9 /vb #27Q`2
TbbrQ`/ 2tTB`iBQM,
bm/Q +?;2 ਷1 yRfjRfkyR8 ਷K 8 ਷J Ny ਷A jy ਷q R9 mb2`MK2

Ç hQ p2`B7v +?M;2b- mb2 i?2 bK2 bvMit b K2MiBQM2/ T`2pBQmbHv,


bm/Q +?;2 ਷ H mb2`MK2

h?2 QmiTmi #2HQr b?Qrb i?2 M2r TQHB+B2b i?i ?p2 #22M 2bi#HBb?2/ 7Q` i?2 ++QmMi,
Gbi TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , CM ky - kyR8
SbbrQ`/ 2 t T B ` 2 b , T` RN - kyR8
SbbrQ`/ B M  + i B p 2 , Jv RN - kyR8
++QmMi 2 t T B ` 2 b , CM jR - kyR8
JBMBKmK MmK#2` Q 7 /vb #2ir22M TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , 8
JtBKmK MmK#2` Q 7 /vb #2ir22M TbbrQ`/ +?M;2 , Ny
LmK#2` Q 7 /vb Q 7 r`MBM; # 2 7 Q ` 2 TbbrQ`/ 2 t T B ` 2 b , R9

Pi?2` a2+m`Biv *QMbB/2`iBQMb

JMv TTHB+iBQMb mb2 Hi2`Mi2 mi?2MiB+iBQM K2+?MBbKb i?i +M #2 2bBHv Qp2`HQQF2/ #v 2p2M 2tT2`B2M+2/
bvbi2K /KBMBbi`iQ`bX h?2`27Q`2- Bi Bb BKTQ`iMi iQ mM/2`biM/ M/ +QMi`QH ?Qr mb2`b mi?2MiB+i2 M/ ;BM
++2bb iQ b2`pB+2b M/ TTHB+iBQMb QM vQm` b2`p2`X

aa> ++2bb #v .Bb#H2/ lb2`b

aBKTHv /Bb#HBM;fHQ+FBM;  mb2` TbbrQ`/ rBHH MQi T`2p2Mi  mb2` 7`QK HQ;;BM; BMiQ vQm` b2`p2` `2KQi2Hv B7
i?2v ?p2 T`2pBQmbHv b2i mT aa> Tm#HB+ F2v mi?2MiB+iBQMX h?2v rBHH biBHH #2 #H2 iQ ;BM b?2HH ++2bb iQ i?2

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