1. Water, flowing in a steel pipe of diameter 0.02 m, is to be cooled from 40 oC to 30oC.

The
velocity of water in the steel pipe is 1.5 m/s. The inside surface temperature of the steel
pipe is maintained at 25oC. The physical properties of water at mean bulk temperature of
the fluid are:
Specific heat = 4.174 kJ/kg.K
Density = 995 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity = 0.623 W/m.K
Viscosity = 7.65 x 10-4 Pa.s
Calculate:

a. The convective heat transfer coefficient for water

b. The length of the tube required.

2. A nickel-steel rod 8 cm OD originally at a temperature of 300 oC is suddenly immersed in

a liquid at 100oC for which the convective heat transfer coefficient is 100 W/m 2.K.
Determine the time required for the rod to reach a temperature of 150oC.
Properties of nickel-steel:
k = 80 W/m.K
ρ = 8000 kg/m3
Cp = 0.5 kJ/kg.K

3. For turbulent flow in a tube, the heat transfer coefficient changes by how much factor if
the tube diameter is halved and the flow rate is doubled?

4. A thermopane window consists of two sheets of glass each 6 mm thick, separated by a

layer of stagnant air also 6 mm thick. Find the percentage reduction in heat loss from this
pane as compared to that of a single sheet of glass 6 mm thickness. The temperature drop
between inside and outside remains same at 15 oC. Thermal conductivity of glass is 30
times that of air.

5. A steel pipe (K = 50 W/m.K) of I.D. = 100 mm and O.D. = 110 mm is to be covered with
two layers of insulation, each having a thickness of 50 mm. Thermal conductivity of the
first insulation material is 0.06 W/m.K and that of the second is 0.12 W/m.K. Calculate
the loss of heat per metre length of pipe and the interface temperature between the two
layers of insulation when the temperature of the inside tube surface is 250 oC and that of
the outside surface of the insulation is 50oC.

6. Find the expression for the temperature distribution T(x) in the plane wall whose faces
are maintained at the temperatures T1 and T2 and the thermal conductivity varies with
temperature: k=k0(1+bT). Draw the temperature profiles for (P) b equal to zero, (Q) b is
negative, (R) b is positive.

7. Determine the rate of heat loss from a 100 mm diameter steam pipe placed horizontally in
ambient air at 30oC. The length of the pipe is 4 m and wall temperature, Tw = 170oC.
Use the following empirical expression:
Nu=0.53 (Gr x Pr)1/4
 Properties of air at 100oC are as following
β =1/373 K-1
ν = 23.13 x 10 -6 m2 /sec
K= 0.0325 W/m.K
Pr = 0.7

8. Assume steady state, one dimensional heat conduction through the symmetric shape
shown in figure given below. Assuming that there is no internal heat generation, derive
an expression for the thermal conductivity k(x) for these condition: A(x) = (1-x), T(x)=
300(1-2x-x3) and q = 6000W, a is in square meters, T in Kelvin and x in meter.

9. The composite wall of an oven consists of three materials, two of which are of known
thermal conductivity, kA = 20 W/m.K and kC = 50 W/m.K, and known thickness, LA =
0.3m and kA = 0.15 m. The third material, B, which is sandwiched between materials A
and C, is of known thickness, LB = 0.15m, but unknown thermal conductivity kB.

Under steady state operating conditions, measurements reveal an outer surface

temperature of Ts,o = 200C, an inner surface temperature of Ts,i = 200C and an oven air
temperature of T∞ = 8000C. The inside heat transfer h is known to be 25 W/m 2.K. What
is the value of kB?

10. A light motor oil with the following characteristics is to be heated from 65 to 120oC in a
6 mm id pipe of 5 m long. The pipe is at 175oC. How much oil can be heated in this pipe
in kg/hr? What coefficient can be expected?
Data for the oil:
Thermal conductivity = 0.142 W/m.oC
Specific heat = 2 kJ/kg.oC
Viscosity = 3.3 cP.