Past Simple Tense

Uvod

U lekciji koja sledi prvo ćemo staviti naglasak na prošlo vreme glagola TO BE, a zatim i na
sve ostale glagole, pravilne i nepravilne. Naučićemo kada se ovo vreme koristi i koje su
vremenske odrednice karakteristične za prošlo vreme.

The Past Simple Tense (prošlo prosto vreme) glagola TO BE

Potvrdni oblik

Potvrdni oblik glagol TO BE (biti) u prostom prošlom vremenu glasi:

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

I was – Ja sam bio. We were – Mi smo bili.

You were – Ti si bio. You were – Vi ste bili.

He was – On je bio. They were – Oni su bili.

She was – Ona je bila.
It was – Ono je bilo.

Tabela 7.1.

Primeri:

I was at the theatre last night. – Ja sam sinoć bio u pozorištu.

My sister and her best friend were in London three years ago. – Moja sestra i njen
najbolji prijatelj su pre tri godine bili u Londonu.

David was in Sarajevo last summer. – Dejvid je bio u Sarajevu prošlog leta.

Upitni oblik

Upitni oblik glagola TO BE u Simple Past Tenseu se gradi inverzijom glagola TO BE i lične
zamenice.

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Upitni oblik – Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Was I? – Da li sam ja bio? Were we? – Da li smo mi bili?

Were you? – Da li si ti bio? Were you? – Da li ste vi bili?

Was he? – Da li je on bio? Were they? – Da li su oni bili?

Was she? – Da li je ona bila?
Was it? – Da li ono bilo?

Tabela 7.2.

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledeći način:

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Was I? – Yes, I was/No, I wasn't. Were we? – Yes, we were/No, we

weren't.

Were you? – Yes, you were/No, you Were you? – Yes, you were/No, you
weren't. weren't.

Was she? – Yes, she was/No, she wasn't. Were they? – Yes, they were/No, they
Was he? – Yes, he was/No, he wasn't. weren't.
Was it? – Yes, it was/No, it wasn't.

Tabela 7.3.

Upitni oblik – WH questions

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Where was I? – Gde sam ja bio? Where were we? – Gde smo mi bili?

Where were you? – Gde si ti bio? Where were you? – Gde ste vi bili?

Where was he? – Gde je on bio? Where were they? – Gde su oni bili?
Where was she? – Gde je ona bila?
Where was it? – Gde je ono bilo?

Tabela 7.4.

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 Primeri:

Were you at home last night? – Da li si sinoć bio kod kuće?

Were your parents in Belgrade last summer? – Da li su tvoji roditelji bili u Beogradu
prošlog leta?

Was I clear? – Da li sam bio jasan?

Where were Marko and Sandra three days ago? – Gde su bili Marko i Sandra pre tri
dana?

Why was he here? – Zašto je on bio ovde?

Odrični oblik

Odrični oblik glagola TO BE u Past Simple Tenseu (prošlom prostom vremenu) glasi:

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

I was not (wasn't) – Ja nisam bio. We were not (weren't) – Mi nismo bili.

You were not (weren't) – Ti nisi bio. You were not (weren't) – Vi niste bili.

He was not (wasn't) – On nije bio. They were not (weren't) – Oni nisu bili.
She was not (wasn't) – Ona nije bila.
It was not (wasn’t) – Ono nije bilo.

Tabela 7.5.

Primeri:

My father wasn't here yesterday. – Moj otac juče nije bio ovde.

Her sister and John weren't in Madrid last summer. – Njena sestra i Džon nisu bili u
Madridu prošlog leta.

Sandra wasn't happy when she was a child. – Sandra nije bila srećna kada je bila dete.
I wasn't ill yesterday. – Juče nisam bio bolestan.

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The Simple Past Tense (prosto prošlo vreme)

Simple Past Tense (prosto prošlo vreme) pravilnih glagola se gradi od osnovnog oblika glagola
(infinitiv bez to) i nastavka -ed.

Potvrdni oblik

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

I worked – Ja sam radio. We worked – Mi smo radili.

You worked – Ti si radio. You worked – Vi ste radili.

He worked – On je radio. They worked – Oni su radili.

She worked – Ona je radila.
It worked – Ono je radilo.

Tabela 7.6.

Ako se infinitiv glagola završava na -e, nastavak glasi -d.

Primer:

He closed (close – zatvoriti)

Ako se glagol završava na -y i ukoliko je ispred njega suglasnik, -y prelazi u -i i doda se

nastavak -ed.

Primer:

He cried (cry – plakati)

Ako je ispred -y samoglasnik, nema promene.

Primeri:

She played (play – igrati)

He stayed (stay – ostati)

Ukoliko se infinitiv završava na jedan suglasnik ispred koga je kratak, naglašen samoglasnik,
taj krajnji suglasnik se podvostručava pred nastavkom za Simple Past Tense.

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Primeri:

plan – planned (planirati)

stop – stopped (zaustaviti)

Nepravilni glagoli imaju posebne oblike za prošlo vreme i oni se uče napamet.

Nepravilni glagoli

Present Past Past Participle Meaning

be was, were been biti
become became become postati
begin began begun početi
blow blew blown duvati
break broke broken slomiti
bring brought brought doneti
build built built zidati, graditi
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned goreti
buy bought bought kupiti
catch caught caught uhvatiti
choose chose chosen birati
come came come doći
cost cost cost koštati
cut cut cut seći
do did done činiti, raditi
draw drew drawn vući, crtati
drink drank drunk piti
drive drove driven voziti
eat ate eaten jesti
fall fell fallen pasti
feel felt felt osećati
fight fought fought boriti se
find found found naći
fly flew flown leteti
forget forgot forgotten zaboraviti
get got got/gotten dobiti
give gave given dati
go went gone ići

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grow grew grown rasti, odgajati
have had had imati
hear heard heard čuti
hide hid hidden sakriti
hit hit hit pogoditi
hold held held držati
hurt hurt hurt povrediti
keep kept kept držati
know knew known znati
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned učiti
leave left left ostaviti, napustiti
lend lent lent pozajmiti (od nekoga)
let let let (do)pustiti
light lit/lighted lit/lighted (u)paliti
lose lost lost izgubiti
make made made napraviti
mean meant meant značiti
meet met met sresti
pay paid paid platiti
put put put staviti
read read read čitati
ride rode ridden jahati, voziti (bicikl i sl.)
ring rang rung zvoniti
run ran run trčati
say said said reći, kazati
see saw seen videti
sell sold sold prodati, prodavati
send sent sent poslati
set set set (po)staviti
shake shook shaken tresti
shine shone shone sijati
show showed showed/shown pokazati
shut shut shut zatvoriti
sing sang sung pevati
sit sat sat sesti
sleep slept slept spavati
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled mirisati

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 speak spoke spoken govoriti
spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled spelovati
spend spent spent potrošiti, provesti
stand stood stood stajati
steal stole stolen krasti
swim swam swum plivati
take took taken uzeti
teach taught taught podučavati
tell told told reći, kazati
think thought thought misliti
throw threw thrown baciti
understand understood understood razumeti
wake woke (waked) woken (waked) (pro)buditi (se)
wear wore worn nositi
win won won dobiti, pobediti
write wrote written pisati

Tabela 7.7.

Upitni oblik

Upitni oblik glagola u Simple Past Tenseu se gradi od pomoćnog glagola Do u prošlom
vremenu, koji glasi Did, i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola.

Upitni oblik – Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Did I work? – Da li sam ja radio? Did we work? – Da li smo mi radili?

Did you work? – Da li si ti radio? Did you work? – Da li ste vi radili?

Did he work? – Da li je on radio? Did they work? – Da li su oni radili?

Did she work? – Da li je ona radila?
Did it work? – Da li je ono radilo?

Tabela 7.8.

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Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (short answers) na sledeći način:

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Did I work? – Yes, I did/No, I didn’t. Did we work? – Yes, we did/No, we didn’t.

Did you work? – Yes, you did/No, you Did you work? – Yes you did/No, you didn’t.
didn’t.

Did he work? – Yes, he did/No, he didn’t. Did they work? – Yes, they did/No, they
Did she work? – Yes, she did/No, she didn’t.
didn’t.
Did it work? – Yes, it did/No, it didn’t.

Tabela 7.9.

Upitni oblik – WH questions

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

Where did I work? – Gde sam ja radio? Where did we work? – Gde smo mi radili?

Where did you work? – Gde si ti radio? Where did you work? – Gde ste vi radili?

Where did he work? – Gde je on radio? Where did they work? – Gde su oni radili?
Where did she work? – Gde je ona
radila?
Where did it work? – Gde je ono radilo?

Tabela 7.10.

Nepravilni glagoli grade upitni oblik na isti način.

Primeri:

Michael bought the jacket two days ago.

When did Michael buy the jacket?

Michael didn’t buy the jacket two days ago.

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Subjekatska pitanja (Subject questions)

Kada je upitna reč subjekat rečenice, glagol stoji u potvrdnom obliku. Ovakvo pitanje se
naziva subjekatsko. U rečenici:

Primeri:

Who told you that? (Ko ti je to rekao?) Who je subjekat, za razliku od:

Who did you see last night? (Koga si video sinoć?), gde je Who objekat.

Odrični oblik

Odrični oblik se gradi od odričnog oblika pomoćnog glagola Do u prošlom vremenu i osnovnog
oblika glavnog glagola.

Jednina (singular) Množina (plural)

I did not (didn't) work – Ja nisam radio. We did not (didn't) work – Mi nismo radili.

You did not (didn't) work – Ti nisi radio. You did not (didn't) work – Vi niste radili.

He did not (didn't) work – On nije radio. They did not (didn't) work – Oni nisu
She did not (didn't) work – Ona nije radili.
radila.
It did not (didn't) work – Ono nije
radilo.

Tabela 7.11.

Nepravilni glagoli grade odrični oblik na isti način.

Primeri:

I didn’t go to the cinema. – Nisam išao u bioskop.

Did you see that? No, I didn’t. – Da li si video to? Ne, nisam.

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Upotreba

Prosto prošlo vreme se koristi za radnju koja je završena u prošlosti. Karakteristične

vremenske odrednice uz koje se upotrebljava su:

Vremenske odrednice za prošlo vreme:

Yesterday – juče,
the day before yesterday – prekjuče,
two years ago – pre dve godine,
three hours ago – pre tri sata,
last Monday – prošlog ponedeljka,
last year – prošle godine,
in 1977 – 1977. i sl.

Primeri:

I worked in a shop last year. – Radio sam u prodavnici prošle godine.

My brother finished his homework an hour ago. – Moj brat je završio domaći pre
sat vremena.

Last week we decided to buy a new house. – Prošle nedelje smo odlučili da kupimo
novu kuću.

Sandra closed the window a few minutes ago. – Sandra je zatvorila prozor pre
nekoliko minuta.

My father built this house in 1997. – Moj otac je sagradio ovu kuću 1997.

The day before yesterday Marko bought a nice hat. – Prekjuče je Marko kupio lep
šešir.

Rezime:

• Ono što je važno zapamtiti je da se prošlo vreme koristi za radnju koja se završila u
određeno vreme u prošlosti, dakle, tačno se zna kada se radnja završila. Odrednice
koje su karakteristične za prošlo vreme su yesterday, last, ago. Pravilni glagoli u
prošlom vremenu dobijaju nastavak -ed ili -d, dok se nepravilni uče napamet.

Napomena za test napredovanja

Kako biste što bolje usvojili gradivo, uz ovu lekciju dostupan je test za vežbu koji se odnosi
na gramatiku.

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