In Exercises 75–78, ABC is a right triangle with the right angle at C.

The sides opposite angles A, B, and C are a, b, and c, respectively.

75. a. Find a and b if
b. Find a and c if
76. a. Express a in terms of A and c.
b. Express a in terms of A and b.
77. a. Express a in terms of B and b.
b. Express c in terms of A and a.
78. a. Express sin A in terms of a and c.
b. Express sin A in terms of b and c.
79. Height of a pole Two wires stretch from the top T of a vertical
pole to points B and C on the ground, where C is 10 m closer to
the base of the pole than is B. If wire BT makes an angle of 35°
with the horizontal and wire CT makes an angle of 50° with the
horizontal, how high is the pole?
80. Height of a weather balloon Observers at positions A and B
2 km apart simultaneously measure the angle of elevation of a
weather balloon to be 40° and 70°, respectively. If the balloon is
directly above a point on the line segment between A and B, find
the height of the balloon.
81. a. Graph the function
b. What appears to be the period of this function?
c. Confirm your finding in part (b) algebraically.
82. a. Graph
b. What are the domain and range of ƒ?
c. Is ƒ periodic? Give reasons for your answer.
ƒsxd = sin s1>xd .
ƒsxd = sin x + cossx>2d .
b = 2, B = p>3.
c = 2, B = p>3.
y = 1 + sin ax + p
4
b.
y = 2 cos ax - p
3
b.
y = cos
px
2
y = sin px
y = sin
x
2
y = cos 2x
x2 + x ƒ x2 + x ƒ
ƒ 4 - x2 4 - x2 ƒ
2x ƒ 2x ƒ
ƒ x3 x3 ƒ
g1sxd g2sxd _ ƒ g1sxd ƒ
g1
g2
g1
70 Chapter 1: Preliminaries
T
T
68 Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Chapter 1 Questions to Guide Your Review
1. How are the real numbers represented? What are the main categories
characterizing the properties of the real number system?
What are the primary subsets of the real numbers?
2. How are the rational numbers described in terms of decimal expansions?
What are the irrational numbers? Give examples.
3. What are the order properties of the real numbers? How are they
used in solving equations?
4. What is a number’s absolute value? Give examples? How are
and related to and
5. How are absolute values used to describe intervals or unions of
intervals? Give examples.
6. How do we identify points in the plane using the Cartesian coordinate
system? What is the graph of an equation in the variables x
and y?
7. How can you write an equation for a line if you know the coordinates
of two points on the line? The line’s slope and the coordinates
of one point on the line? The line’s slope and y-intercept?
Give examples.
8. What are the standard equations for lines perpendicular to the coordinate
axes?
9. How are the slopes of mutually perpendicular lines related? What
about parallel lines? Give examples.
10. When a line is not vertical, what is the relation between its slope
and its angle of inclination?
11. How do you find the distance between two points in the coordinate
plane?
12. What is the standard equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius
a? What is the unit circle and what is its equation?
13. Describe the steps you would take to graph the circle
14. What inequality describes the points in the coordinate plane that
lie inside the circle of radius a centered at the point (h, k)? That
lie inside or on the circle? That lie outside the circle? That lie outside
or on the circle?
15. If a, b, and c are constants and what can you say about the
graph of