New Senior Secondary Mathematics

Advanced Exercise Ch. 03: Functions and Graphs

ADVANCED EXERCISE CH. 03: FUNCTIONS AND GRAPHS

[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 4]
Q1 [CE Math 92 9] (Modified)
2
Figure 3 shows the graph of y = 2 x − 4 x + 3 , where x ≥ 0 . P(a, b) is a variable point on the graph. A rectangle OAPB is drawn with
A and B lying on the x- and y-axes respectively.

(a) (i) Find the area of rectangle OAPB in terms of a.

(ii) Find the two values of a for which OAPB is a square.
3 3 2
(b) Suppose the area of OAPB is . Show that 4 a − 8a + 6a − 3 = 0 .
2
Q2 [CE Math 91 6]
2
The curve y = x − 6 x + 5 meets the y-axis at A and the x-axis at B and C as shown in Figure 2.

(a) Find the coordinates of A, B and C.

(b) The line y = x + 5 passes through A and meets the curve again at D. Find the coordinates
of D.

Q3 [Misc]
2
Given that the vertex of a quadratic curve y = ax + bx + c is (3, 2). If the curve passes through
(-1, 4), find the values of a, b and c.

Q4 [Misc]
2 11
By finding the minimum value of 3 x − 4 x + 5 , determine the maximum value of the expression 2
and the corresponding
3x − 4 x + 5
value of x.
[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 5]
Q5 [CE Math 90 6]
In the figure, the curve y = x + px + q cuts the x-axis at the two points A (α , 0) and B (β , 0) . M (−2, 0) is the mid-point of AB.
2

(a) Express α + β in terms of p.

Hence find the value of p.
2 2
(b) If α + β = 26 , find the value of q.

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New Senior Secondary Mathematics
Advanced Exercise Ch. 03: Functions and Graphs

Q6 [CE AMath 86I 3]

The maximum value of the function f ( x) = 4k + 18 x − kx (k is a positive constant) is 45. Find k.
2

Q7 [Misc]
9
Given the maximum value of the function f ( x) = 2 +
2
x − x is 18, where k ≠ 0 . Find the values of k.
k
Q8 [Misc]
2 13
The function y = ax + 12 x + c attains its minimum value -10 when x = − . Find the values of a and c.
2
[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 5*]
Q9 [CE Math 82 11]
2
In Figure 5, O is the origin. The curve C1 : y = x − 10 x + k (where k is a fixed constant) intersects the x-axis at the points A and B.

2
(a) By considering the sum and the product of the roots of x − 10 x + k = 0 , or otherwise,
(i) find OA + OB ,
(ii) find OA × OB in terms of k.
(b) M and N are the mid-points of OA and OB respectively (see Figure 5).
(i) Find OM + ON .
(ii) Find OM × ON in terms of k.
2
(c) Another curve C2 : y = x + px + r (where p and r are fixed constants) passes through the points M and N.
(i) Using the results in (b) or otherwise, find the value of p and express r in terms of k.
(ii) If OM = 2, find k.
Q10 [CE AMath 91I 9]
Let f ( x) = x + 2 x − 2 and g ( x) = −2 x − 12 x − 23 .
2 2

2
(a) Express g ( x) in the form a ( x + b) + c , where a, b and c are real constants.

Hence show that g ( x) < 0 for all real values of x.

(b) Let k1 and k2 ( k1 > k 2 ) be the two values of k such that the equation f ( x) + kg ( x) = 0 has equal roots.

(i) Find k1 and k2 .

(ii) Show that f ( x) + k1 g ( x) ≤ 0 and f ( x) + k 2 g ( x) ≥ 0 for all real values of x.

f ( x)
(c) Using (a) and (b), or otherwise, find the greatest and least values of .
g ( x)

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New Senior Secondary Mathematics
Advanced Exercise Ch. 03: Functions and Graphs

Q11 [CE AMath 86II 6]

2
A straight line through C(3, 2) with slope m cuts the curve y = ( x − 2) at the points A and B. If C is the mid-point of AB, find the
value of m.

Q12 [CE AMath 81I 5]

 a 
Let f ( x) = x + ax + b , where a and b are real. Show that f ( x) ≥ f −
2

 2  for all real values of x.

2
Hence, or otherwise, find the minimum value of x − 13 x + 5 .

Q13 [Misc]
 2 x + 1 2
Given f  = x + x − 1 , find f ( x)
 3 
Q14 [Misc]
p+q
Let f ( x) = − x + 10 x + 5 . p and q are two unequal real numbers such that f ( p) = f (q ) . Find the value of
2

2
Q15 [Misc]
2 4 4 2 2
(a) Prove that the quadratic function y = 4 x + 4hkx + h + k − h k can never be negative if h and k are real constants.
(b) If the minimum value of y is 0, express h in terms of k.

Q16 [Misc]
(a) Prove that the expression ( x − 20)( x − 6) + k is positive for all real values of x if k > 49.

(b) Hence, or otherwise, show that the expression [( y − 5)( y + 4)][( y − 3)( y + 2)] + 50 is positive for all real values of y.
Q17 [Misc]
6
Show that 0 < 2
≤ 3 for all real values of x.
x + 6 x + 11
Q18 [Misc]
Given that f ( x) = x + 4 x + a + 3 , where a is a constant.
2

(a) Find the range of values of a such that f ( x) is never negative.

Determine the nature of the roots of the equation af ( x) = ( x + 2)( a −1) .

2
(b)
[Finish the following questions if you aim at DSE Math Level 5**]
Q19 [CE AMath 84I 8]
 1 
Let f ( x) = 5 x + bx + c , where b and c are real, c > 0 and f 
2
< 0.
 2 
(a) Show that the equation f ( x) = 0 has two distinct real roots.

(b) Let α and β (α < β ) be the roots of f ( x) = 0 .

1
(i) By expressing f ( x) in factor form, show that 0 < α < <β.
2
1 1
(ii) If −α = β − , find the value of b and hence the range of values of c.
2 2

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New Senior Secondary Mathematics
Advanced Exercise Ch. 03: Functions and Graphs

Q20 [Misc]
2 2
In the figure, the curve C1 : y = x + 4 x − 1 cuts the x-axis at A and B and C2 : y = x + x − 1 cuts the x-axis at P and Q.

(a) Without finding the coordinates of A, B, P and Q, find the length of

(i) AB
(ii) PQ.
(b) Find AP + BQ .
(c) Using the results of (a) and (b), find PB.
2 2
(d) α is the smaller roots of x + 4 x − 1 = 0 and β is the smaller roots of x + x − 1 = 0 . Find the value of β − α

[Finish the following questions if you want extra knowledge / aim at difficult questions]

Q21 [IMO Prelim 87-88]

If f ( x) f ( y) − f ( xy ) = x + y for all real x and y, find f ( x) .

Q22 [Misc]
Let f be a function such that for all integers m and n, f ( m) is an integer and f (mn) = f ( m) f (n) . It is given that f (m) > f ( n)

when 9 > m > n , f (2) = 3 and f (6) > 22 , find the value of f (3) . (Hint: Consider the rage of f (3) and the value of f ( 4) .)

Q23 [Misc]
−2 x + 1, when x < 1
Given that f ( x) =  2 . If d is the maximum integral solution of f ( x) = 3 , find the value of d.
 x − 2 x, when x ≥ 1

Answers
Q1(a)(i) 2 −4 + 3 (ii) 1.5 or 1 Q2(a) 0,5 1,0 5,0 (b) 7,12 Q3 = , =− , =
# #
Q4 Max value = 3, = Q5(a) + =− , = 4 (b) -5 Q6 9 or Q7 ± Q8 = , = 29
% %
Q9(a)(i) 10 (ii) k (b)(i) 5 (ii) (c)(i) = −5, & = (ii) 24 Q10(a) ' = −2 +3 − 5 (b)(i) ( = 1, ( = −
)
+ , .
(c) −1 ≤ ≤ Q11 2 Q12 Q13 / = 9 −5 Q14 5 Q15(b) ℎ = ±( Q18(a) ≥1
- ,

√ 5 √ 6
Q19(b)(ii) = −5, c < Q20(a)(i) 2√5 (ii) √5 (b) 3 (c) (d) Q21 / = +1 Q22 8 Q23 3

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