5. A furnace burns coal containing 4.1% M, 24% VCM, 63% FC, 1.2% N, 1.8% S and 8.9% ash.

Its calorific value

is 32 MJ/kg. Determine the % VCM, C and Calorific Value lost in the residue if it analyzes:
a) 4.8% VCM, 12.6% FC and 82.6% ash
b) 24% C and 76% ash
c) 7.5% VCM, 29.2% FC and 63.3% ash

6. A boiler is fired with coal analyzing 13.8% VCM, 8.6% Ash, 3% M, 1.2% S, negligible N and a calorific value of
32.95 MJ/kg. The dry residue removed analyzes 5% VCM, 27% FC and 68% ash. 60% excess air is supplied at
32oC, 758 mmHg with 85% RH. 90% of the carbon gasified burns to CO2, the rest to CO. The molal ratio os H2 to
CO is 2:9. Neglect S in the combustion calculations. Calculate:
a) %C lost in the residue
b) m3 air/kg coal
c) orsat analysis of the stack gas
d) m3 stack gas (400oC and 765 mmHg)/kg coal
e) total % CV lost

7. A furnace burns coal analyzing 78.35% C, 27% VCM, 2.1% N, 7.1% ash and 0.5% S. Analysis of the residue
shows 6% VCM and 62% ash. Air supplied is at 30oC, 735 torrs with 90% RH. The stack gases at 250oC and 745
torrs has a partial orsat analysis of 9.7% CO2 and 1.47% CO. Assuming that 5.2% of the C fired is lost in the
residue. Calculate:
a) complete ultimate analysis of coal
b) type of combustible in the residue
c) % excess O2
d) complete orsat analysis of the stack gas
e) m3 stack gas/kg coal
f) mg SO2/Ncm of stack gas

8. Coal fired in a furnace analyzes 34% VCM,, 48% FC, 7.7% ash, 1.2% N and 1.57% S. The residue contains
6.2% VCM, 8.75% FC, 35% ash and 50.05% H2O. Air supplied is at 35oC, 765 mmHg with 85% RH. The stack
gases leave at 250oC, 766 mmHg with an orsat analysis of 9.3% CO2, 2.32% CO, 2.32% H2, 9.54% O2 and 75.62%
N2. Neglect N and S in the combustion calculations. Calculate:
a) %C lost in the residue
b) CV of coal
c) ultimate analysis of coal
d) % excess O2

9. Same as example 8, but with a stack gas orsat analysis of 10.6% CO2, 1.06% CO, 1.06% H2, 7.33% O2, 0.13%
SO2, 2.37% NO and 77.45% N2. Calculate:
a) % excess O2
b) complete analysis of stack gas
c) m3 stack gas/kg fuel

10. A furnace is fired with coal with the following analysis: 36.3% VCM, 49.6% FC, 10.7% ash, 3.4% M, 1.2% N
and 5.1% S. Its calorific value is 29.5 MJ/kg. Analysis of the wetted residue shows 12% C, 65% ash and 23%
H2O. Dry air supplied at 27oC and 1 atm. The stack gases leave at 350oC, 745 mmHg with a partial orsat analysis
of 8.71% CO2, 1.74% CO and 0.35% H2. Calculate:
a) % excess O2
b) complete orsat analysis of the stack gas
c) m3 stack gas/kg coal
11. The ultimate analysis of coal fired in a boiler showed 57.04% total C, 30.5% VCM, 1.2% N, 9.7% ash and
6.3% S. Analysis of the wetted residue showed 13.8% FC, 21.5% VCM, 47.8% and 16.9% H 2O. Air is at 28oC, 765
mmHg with 76% RH. Orsat analysis of the stack gas shows 7.92% CO2, 2.38% CO, 0.39% SO2, 1.19% H2, 10.65%
O2 and 77.47% N2. Calculate:
a) % VCM and C lost in the residue
b) ultimate analysis of coal
c) % excess O2
d) calorific value of coal

PROBLEMS
1. A furnace is fired with coal with the following analysis: 5% M, 60% FC, 25% VCM and 10% ash. Its calorific
value is 31.33 MJ/kg. Calculate the % VCM lost, %C lost and %CV lost in the residue if the residue analyzes:
a) 25% FC, 4% VCM
b) 14.4% FC, 6% VCM, 79.6% ash
c) 19.6% C, 80.4% ash

2. A high volatile A bituminous coal analyzing 72.77% C, 5.23% H, 10% O, 1.4% N, 8.1% ash, 3.9% M and 1.5% S
is burned in a furnace together with 45% excess air supplied saturated with water vapor at 25 oC and 1 atm.
Analysis of the wetted residue show 16% VCM, 23.55% FC, 32.48% ash and 27.97% H 2O. The stack gases leave
at 300oC, 745 torrs with a CO to CO2 ratio of 0.12. Neglect N and S in the combustion calculation. Calculate:
a) %C and CV lost in the residue
b) type of combustible in the residue
c) orsat analysis of stack gas
d) m3 SG/kg coal
e) % CV lost due to CO and sensible heat

3. Same as problem 2, but assume that the N in the coal gasified burns to NO and S into SO 2. Calculate:
a) orsat analysis of stack gas
b) m3 SG/kg coal
c) mg SO2 and NO/Ncm stack gas

4. The following data were obtained during coal combustion:

Coal: 13.8% VCM, 74.6% FC, 8.6% ash, 3% M, 0% N, 1.2% S
CV = 32.9582 MJ/kg, Residue: 4% VCM, 40% FC, 56% ash
Air: 25oC, 740 torrs, 80% RH, 50% excess O2
Stack gas: 300oC, 755 torrs, H2/CO ratio = 1:4, CO/CO2 = 1:10, Calculate:
a) m3 air/kg coal
b) orsat analysis of the stack gas

5. Coal fired in a furnace analyzes 16.6% VCM, 16% ash, 61.4% FC, 6% M, 1.2% N and 1.8% S with a calorific
value of 26.75 MJ/kg. Analysis of the residue shows 44% ash, 8% VCM, 34% FC and 14% H 2O. Partial orsat
analysis of the stack gas shows 10.77% CO2, 1.62% CO and 0.81% H2. Air supplied is at 27oC, 765 torrs with 80%
RH. Calculate
a) % C and % VCM lost in the residue
b) % excess O2
c) m3 air/kg coal
d) orsat analysis of the stack gas
6. A high grade semi-anthracite coal has a complete analysis of 85.56% C, 4.44% H, 2.7% O, 1.2% N, 5% ash and
0.8% S. Analysis of the residue shows 58% C and 42% ash. Air is supplied dry at 30 oC and 750 mmHg. Partial
orsat analysis (400oC, 755 mmHg) shows 8.05% CO2, 2.42% CO and 2.9% H2. Assume that the S and N gasified
burns to SO2 and NO respectively. Calculate:
a) % excess O2
b) complete orsat analysis of stack gas
c) m3 stack gas/m3 air

7. A sample of coal was found to contain 1% N, 10% ash and 5.8% S. Analysis of the residue showed uncoked
coal with 20.71% VCM lost in the residue. Orsat analysis of the stack gas shows 8.93% CO 2, 1.56% CO, 0.34%
SO2, 9.87% O2 and 79.3% N2. Assume that N in the coal is gasified to N2. Calculate:
a) complete ultimate analysis of coal
b) complete analysis of the residue if it contains 37.93% ash
c) % excess O2

8. Coal fired in a furnace analyzes 57.1% C, 8% ash, 1.4% N and 0.77% S. The residue contains 24.5% C and
75.5% ash. Orsat analysis of the stack gas shows 11.21% CO 2, 1.57% CO, 7.45% O2 and 79.77% N2. Neglect N
and S in the coal in the combustion calculations. Calculate:
a) complete ultimate analysis of coal
b) % excess O2

9. Coal fired in a furnace analyzes 30% VCM, 51% FC, 14% ash, 5% M, 1.6% N and 1.2% S with a GCV of 30.1
MJ/kg. Residue analysis shows 30% FC, 15% VCM, 40% ash and 15% H2O. Air supplied is 50% in excess and is
saturated at 25oC, 740 mmHg. Molar ratio of CO2 to CO is 5:1 and H2 to CO is 1:1. The stack gas leaves at 300oC
and 765 mmHg. Calculate:
a) orsat analysis of the stack gas
b) m3 stack gas/m3 air