PAST SIMPLE AND

PRESENT PERFECT WITH

OTHER TIME WORDS
 PAST SIMPLE TENSE

Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that:

an action started and finished at a specific
time in the past.
 PAST SIMPLE TENSE

REGULAR VERBS

IRREGULAR VERBS
1. Final e, add -d. E.g. Love-Loved
VERBS LIST
2. Short verbs or ending in L, double (second column)
the consonant. E.g. Beg- Begged
/Travel- Travelled

3. Final y, add -ied. E.g. Hurry-Hurried

 FORM STRUCTURE EXAMPLE

I swam in the pool last week.

AFFIRMATIVE S+ VERB IN PAST+ C She wrote a letter to her parents.
The kids played in the park in the morning.

I didn’t swim in the pool last week.

S+ DIDN’T+ VERB IN PRESENT+ C
NEGATIVE She didn’t write a letter to her parents.
The kids didn’t play in the park in the morning.

Did I swim in the pool last week?

INTERROGATIVE
DID + S + VERB IN PRESENT+ C+ ? Did she write a letter to her parents?
Did the kids play in the park in the morning?

When did I swim in the pool?

WH-QUESTIONS ?
WH+ DID + S + VERB IN PRESENT+ C+
Whom did she write a letter?
Where did the kids play in the morning?
 PAST SIMPLE with TIME PHRASES
ACTIONS OR STATES WHICH ARE FINISHED.

 DAYS, DATES, TIMES, YEARS.

In 2002, on Friday, at 6:30, yesterday.

 FOR
I was in New york for 2 weeks.

 LAST AND AGO

Last weekend, five years ago.

 QUESTIONS AND STATEMENTS WITH WHEN

When I was ten years old.
 PRESENT PERFECT
Used to talk about things that started in the past and are still true now.
I’ve lived here for many years.
AFFIRMATIVE S+ HAS/HAVE+ V past participle+ C She’s worked in that company for a long time.
They’ve learned French with the naturalistic method.

I haven’t lived here for many years.

S+ HASN’T/HAVEN’T+ V past participle+ C She hasn’t worked in that company for a long time
NEGATIVE
They haven’t learned French with the naturalistic
method.
Has she worked in that company for a long time?
INTERROGATIVE HAS/HAVE+ S+ V past participle+ C
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t.

Why has she worked in that company for a long time?

WH-QUESTIONS WH+HAS/HAVE+ S+ V past participle+ C
Because she loves working there.
 PRESENT PERFECT
with TIME PHRASES

THERE IS NOT TIME PHRASE.

WE DO NOT KNOW EXACTLY WHEN THE ACTION
HAPPENED.
FOR
I have been in New York for 2 weeks.
 JUST

MEANING: ACABAR DE- SÓLO

FUNCTION: RECENT EVENTS
POSITION: Affirmative form-
MIDDLE (S+ aux+ just+ V p.p)
EXAMPLES:
• I’ve just passed my driving test!
• We’ve just got back from holiday.
• She’s just had her baby.
 YET
MEANING: - AÚN- TODAVÍA ? YA
FUNCTION: ACTIONS THAT HAVEN’T PASSED
POSITION: NEGATIVE SENTENCES & QUESTIONS
END (S+ aux+ Vp.p + yet)
EXAMPLES:
• I haven’t finished yet.
• My friends haven’t watched that film yet.

 Have you booked a table yet?

No, not yet. I’ll call the restaurant in a minute.
 ALREADY

MEANING: YA
FUNCTION: SOMETHING HAPPENED BEFORE I EXPECTED.
POSITION: Affirmative sentences
MIDDLE (S+ aux+ already+ V p.p)
END (S+ aux+ Vp.p + already)
EXAMPLES:
• I’ve already had four cups of coffee this morning.
• He’s found a job already!
 EVER
MEANING: ALGUNA VEZ
FUNCTION: to ask questions about experiences in someone’s life.
POSITION: AFTER THE NOUN

 EXAMPLES
 Have you ever taken dance classes?
- Yes, I have. I took 6 weeks of lessons before my wedding!
 Has your brother ever been to Cartagena?
- No, he hasn’t.
 Have your friends ever helped you move to a new apartment?
- Yes. Twice!

Don’t use ever in the answer. Only use it in questions!

 NEVER
MEANING: NUNCA
FUNCTION: to talk about things you have NOT done at any time in your life.
POSITION: AFTER THE AUXILIAR

EXAMPLES
I’ve never failed a test. I’ve always gotten 80% or more.
He’s never heard of Michael Jackson. I can’t believe he doesn’t know the King of Pop!
Samantha has never been surfing. She’s afraid of the ocean.
We’ve never studied Italian. We studied French and Spanish in school, but Italian wasn’t
available.

I haven’t never eaten sushi.

I’ve never eaten sushi.
 Let’s practice!
Which of these activities have you: done already, just done,
haven’t done yet or never done?
Example: I have already found a job.

 Find a job  Learn to play an instrument

 Listen to the explanation
 Travel abroad
 Use the mobile phone
 Start an exercise program
 Write a blog
 Go out with friends
 Learn a new language
 Learn to drive
 Think about my homework
 Buy a new car
 Do the washing
 Go to the supermarket
 Create my own webpage
 Watch the latest movie