Integral Calculus

1.
6
(i) x 5 (Page 730, Exercise I)
6
= ∫ ( x 5 ) ⅆx
6
+1
x5
=6
+1
5
11
x
5
= 11
+c
5
11
5 5
= 11 x +c

(Ans.)
(ii) √3 x 4 (Page 730, Exercise I)
= ∫ (x¿ ¿ 4 /3)ⅆx ¿
4
+1
x3
=4
+1
3
7
x3
= 7 +c
3
7

= 37 x 3 +c

(Ans.)
1
(iii) (Page 730, Exercise I)
√x
1
= ∫ ( x 2 ) ⅆx
−1
+1
x2
= −1 + c
+1
2
=2 √ x +c

2. (Page 730, Exercise I)

1
(i) √ x−
√x
1 −1
= ∫ ( x 2 ) ⅆx− ∫ ( x 2 ) ⅆx
1 1
+1 +1
x2 x2
=1 −
−1
+1 +1
2 2
3 1
2 2
x x
= 3 − 1 +c
2 2
2
2
= x 3 −2 √ x +c
3

(Page 730, Exercise I)

2 1 1 1
(ii)7 x −3 x+ 8− x + x + 2
√ x
2 1 1 1
=∫ (7 x −3 x+8− + x + 2 ¿ ) ¿ dx
√x x
−1 1 −2
=7∫ x 2 dx−3∫ x+ 8∫ ❑dx −∫ x 2 +∫ x +∫ x
−1
+1
x x1 +1
2 +1 x0 +1 x 2 −2+1
=7. -3. 1+ 1 +8. − +¿ logx+ x
2+ 1 0+1 −1 −2+1
+1
2
7 3 2 3 1
= 3 x - 2 x +8x - 2√ x+logx− x +c

(Page 730, Exercise I)

a x3 + b x 2 +cx +d
(iii)
x3
 2
=∫ (a x + bx+ c+ d)dx
a x3 b x2
= + +cx +dlogx + c
3 2

4 x 6 +3 x 5+ 2 x 4 + x 3 + x 2+1
(iv)
x3

1 1
3
( v
= ∫ 4 x +3 x +2 x +1+ x + 3 ⅆx
x )
x 3+ 1 x 2+ 1 x '+1 x3 +1
=4 +3 +2 ⋅ + log ϰ− +c
3+1 2+1 1+1 −3+1

= x 4 + x 3 + x ν + x+ logϰ−2 x 2+ c

(Exercise I, Page 730)

1 4 1
(
x −x
3. 2 + 2 ⅇ + x − 3 dx
√x )
−1
1 1
= ∫ 2 ⅆϰ + ∫ ⅇ− x ⅆx + 4 ∫ ⅆx ∫ x
x 3
2 n
−1
1 x 1
=∫ 2 dx+ ∫ e−1 dx+ 4 ∫ dx−∫ x 3
dx
2 2
2
1 x1 e−x 3
2 + +4 log x − x 3 +c
= log 2 2 d 2
dx (−x )
2
2x 1 3
= − e−x +4 log x− x 3 +c
log 2 2 2

(Exercise I, Page 730)

 x 4 + x 2+1
4.
2 ( x 2+ 1 )

x4 x 2+1
=∫ ⅆx+ ∫ dx
2 ( x2 +1 ) 2 ⟨ x 2+1 ⟩

x 4−1+1 1
=∫ 2
ⅆx+ ∫ ⅆx
2
2 ( x +1 )

x 4 −1 1 1
=∫ 2
ⅆx+ ∫ 2
ⅆx + ∫ ⅆx
z
2 ( x +1 ) 2 ( x +1 )

x 2−1 1 1 1 0 x2 1 0 1 1 1 0
= ∫ 2 ⅆx + 2 ∫ 2 ⅆx+ 2 ∫ x ⅆx = ∫ 2 ⅆx− 2 ∫ x ⅆx+ 2 ∫ 2 ⅆϰ + 2 ∫ x dx
x +1 x +1
1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
= 2 ∫ x ⅆx− 2 ∫ x ⅆx + 2 ∫ 2 dx+ 2 ∫ x ⅆx
x +1
1 1
[ 2 0 0
= 2 ∫ x ⅆx− ∫ x ⅆx+ ∫ 2 ⅆx + ∫ x ⅆϰ
x +1 ]
=
(Exercise IV, Page 752)
1.
(i) xex
¿ ∫ e x dx
d
x
= x ∫ e – {∫ x ∫ e x dx} dx
dx

= xe x - ∫ (1 .e ¿¿ x) ¿ dx
=xe x - e x + c
= (x – 1) e x + c (Ans)

(ii) x2e x
2 x
= ∫ x e dx
d 2
= x 2 e x - {∫ dx x ∫ e x dx }dx
x
= x 2 e x -∫ 2 x e dx
 x d x
= x 2 e x – 2 [x ∫ e dx−∫ { dx x dx ∫ e dx }¿ dx ¿
x
= x 2 e x – 2 [xe x - ∫ 1 e −dx ¿ ¿
= x 2 e x - 2xe x + 2e x + c
= ( x 2 – 2x + 2) e x + c (Ans)

4.(i) x log x
¿ ∫ x logx dx

d
= log x ∫ x - ∫ { dx (logx) ∫ x .dx } dx

x2 x2
= logx - ∫ ¿ ¿ . ) dx
2 2

x2 x
= logx - ∫ 2 dx
2

x2 x2
= 2 .logx - + c
4 4

x2
= (log x 2 – 1) + c
4

x2
= (log x 2 – loge) + c
4

x2 x2
= log ( ) + c
4 e

(Exercise VI, Page 768,)

11

3.∫ √2 x+3 dx
3

= (2x+3)
11 1
2 dt
=∫ (2 x +3) dx dx
=2
3
 11 1
2 dx
= ∫ t . dt . dt
3

11 1
2 dt
= ∫ t . dx .dt
3

11 1
1
=∫ t 2 . . dt
3 2
11 1
1 2
= ∫ t . dt
23

1
= 2 ¿]311

1 2
= 2 × 3 (25−9)3\2
3
=1 3
( 25 ¿ ¿ −9 2 )¿
3 2
1
= 3 ¿3/2 – (32)3/2 ]

1
= 3 (53 -33 )

1
= 3 . 98

98
=3

(Exercise VI, Page 769)

8
dx
4 (i). Prove That, ∫ x−3 =log 5
3

8
dx
L.H.S = ∫
3 x−3

= [log (x-3)]83
= log (8-3) – log (3-3)
= log5
= R.H.S
L.H.S = R.H.S (proved)