R.D.

RAJPAL SCHOOL
HOLIDAYS ASSIGNMENT
SUBJECT:CHEMISTRY
CLASS –XII (2020-21)

INSTRUCTIONS:

1.Do the assignment in class register itself.

2.Do the NCERT question answers of chapter Surface Chemistry and Polymers in the
class register .

A.How do the following conversions be carried out?

1.1-Bromopropane to 2-Bromopropane 2.Ethanol to but-1-yne 3.Aniline to chlorobenzene
4.Aniline to phenyl isocyanide 5.Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid 6.Chlorobenzene to p-
nitrophenol 7.Ethanol to propanenitrile 8.Phenol to benzoquinine 9.Phenol to toluene
10. Ethanol to propanone 11.Ethylamine from acetaldehyde 12.Phenol to benzoic acid
13.Benzoic acid to phenol 14.Benzene to picric acid 15.Acetic acid to malonic acid.
16.Phenol to phenolphthalein 17.Phenol to picric acid 18.Benzene to diphenyl 19.Propanoic
acid to ethylamine 20.Propanoic acid to ethanoic acid 21.Methyl alcohol to ethyl alcohol
22.Ethanol to 3-Hydroxy butanal 23.Lactic acid to acrylic acid 24.Ethyl magnesium
chloride to propan-1-ol 25.Phenol to aspirin

B.Distinguish between the following pair of compounds:

i) But-1-yne and but-2-yne ii)Ethyl chloride and vinyl chloride iii)Chloroethane and
chlorobenzene iv)n-butyl alcohol and sec –butyl alcohol v) ethyl alcohol and benzyl
alcohol v)Phenol and cyclohexanol vi) ethyl alcohol and phenol vii) Propanone and
propanal viii) Acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde ix) Pentan-2-one and pentan-3-one
x)Formic acid and acetic acid

C.Write about the following name reactions:

a.)Aldol condensation b)Bouvaeault Blanc reduction c.)Cannizzaro’reaction d.) Claisen
condensation e.)Wolf kishner reaction f.) Clemmensen’s reduction g.) Coupling reaction
h.)Diazotisation reaction i.) Dow’ s process j.) Etard reaction k). HVZ reaction
l).Mendius reaction m).Reimer –Tiemann reaction n).Swarts reaction o).Hydroboration
oxidation reaction p).Finkelstein reaction

WORD PROBLEMS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

D.A hydrocarbon A (C4H8) on reaction with HCl gives a compound B (C4H9Cl) which on
reaction with 1 mole of NH3 gives compound C (C4H11N) . On reacting with NaNO2 and HCl
and followed by treatment with water Compound C yields an optically active alcohol D.
Ozonolysis of A gives 2 moles of acetaldehyde . Identify compounds A to D .
E.Compound A (C6H12O2) on reduction with LiAlH4 yielded two compounds B and C. The
compound on oxidation gave D which on treatment with aq. Alkali and subsequent heating
furnished E. The latter on hydrogenation gave C . The compound D was oxidised further to
give F which was found to be a monobasic acid with molecular weight =60.Deduce the
structures of A to F.

F.An organic compound A with molecular formula (C8H16O2) was hydrolysed with dilute
sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid B and an alcohol C. The oxidation of C with chromic
acid also produced B. On dehydration C gave but-1-ene. Write the equations of the reactions
involved.

G.An organic compound A (C7H6Cl2) on treatment with sodium hydroxide solution gives
another compound B (C7H6O) . B on oxidation gives C (C7H6O2) which on treatment with a
mixture of conc, HNO3 and H2SO4 gives a compound D (C7H5NO4) . B on treatment with
conc. NaOH gives a compound E (C7H8O) and (C6H5COONa ) . Deduce the structures of A to
F.

H. Reasoning based questions:

1.Sulphuric acid is not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI

2. The boiling points of alkyl halides decrease in the order: RI > RBr > RCl > RF.

4. Haloalkanes have higher boiling points as compared to those of corresponding alkanes.

5. The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride.

6. Alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water.

7. Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions.

8. Aryl halides are extremely less reactive towards Nucleophilic Substitution reactions.

9. p - nitro chlorobenzene undergoes nucleophilic substitution faster than chlorobenzene

10. Haloalkanes react with KCN to form alkyl cyanides as main product while AgCN forms
isocyanides as main product.

11. Chloroform is stored in closed dark coloured bottles.

12. Phenols not undergo Nucleophilic substitution reaction easily but undergo elecrophilic
substitution reaction easily at ortho and para positions.

13. In Phenol, the –OH group activates the benzene ring towards elecrophilic substitution
and directs the substituents to Ortho and para positions in benzene ring.
14. The presence of electron withdrawing groups such as nitro group enhances the acidic
strength of phenol.
15. The acid strength of alcohols decreases in the following order:1o>2o>3o.
16. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of acidity and give a suitable
explanation. Phenol, o-nitrophenol,o-cresol
17.Carboxylic acids donot give the characteristic reactions of carbonylgroup.Explain.
18.There are two NH2 groups in semicarbazide. However only one is involved in the
formation of semicarbazone.Explain.

I. MECHANISM BASED QUESTIONS

1.Give the mechanism of the cyanohydrins formation when carbonyl compounds react with
HCN in the presence of alkali.

2.Explain the mechanism of the following reactions:

a.Acid catalysed dehydration of alcohol forming an alkene.
b.Acid catalysed hydration of an alkene forming an alcohol.

3.Discuss the mechanism of SN 1 and SN 2 reactions .

J. Write the products of the following reactions:

NOTE: Revise the whole syllabus covered in class thoroughly.