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Chapter 7 - Values of Trigonometric functions at Sums of difference of angle

Exercise: 7.1

Page Number:7.19

Question 1:

Solution :

Given:

. 5
4 and cos B = -
sm A = -
5 13
We know that

✓
cosA= 1- sin2 A ✓
and sinB= 1- cos 2 B , whereO < A, B < -
7r

(H C�J
2

⇒ cosA � ✓I and sinR � 1 ✓

⇒ cosA=
· R£
and smB= 1-
169

⇒ cosA=Jfs- and sinB=�

25 169
3 . 12
⇒ cosA=- and smB= -
5 13

Now,

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 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
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(i) sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
4 5 3 12
=-X- + -X-
5 13 5 13
20 36
=-+-
65 65
56
65

(ii) cos(A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B

3 5 4 12
=-X- - -X-
5 13 5 13
15 48
65 55
-33
65

(iii) sin(A-B) = sin A cosB - cos A sinB

4 5 3 12
=-X- - -X-
5 13 5 13
20 36
65 65
-16
65

(iii) sin(A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B

4 5 3 12
=-X---X-
5 13 5 13
20 36
65 65
-16
65
(iv) cos(A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
3 5 4 12
=-X- + -X-
5 13 5 13
15 48
=-+-
65 65
63
65

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Question 2.

Solution:
(a) Given:
. 12 . 4
sm A = - and sm B = -
13 5

When, < A < 1r and O < B < - ,

7r 7r

2 2
-
�--
✓
cos A= - 1- sin 2 A and cosB = l - sin 2 B ✓
( As cos ine .function is negative in second qudrant and positive in first quadrant)
⇒ cosA �) � (:�J and cosH � J1 � (:J'
⇒ cosA =-� and cosB = .J1- ��

⇒ cosA =- �/25 and cosB = �/9

169 25
⇒ cos A = - and cos B = -
-5 3
13 5
Now,

(i) sin ( A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

-5 4
12 3 -X-
+
13 5 13 5
=-X-

36 -20
=-+-
65 65
16
65

(ii) cos ( A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B

-5 3 12 4
13 5 13 5
=-X- - -X-

-15 48
65 65
-63
65

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(b) Given:
. 3 12
smA=- and cosB= --
5 13
and that A and B both lie in second qudrant.
We know that in second quadrant sine function is positive and cos inefunction is negative.
Therefore,
✓
cos A= - 1- sin 2 A and ✓
sinB= I - cos2 B

⇒ cosA�-rn and sinB=

IT!H
⇒ cosA=-.JI - ;
5
and smB= 1-
- �169

⇒ cosA=-.J¥f- and smB=

25 . 69
�
-4 . 5
⇒ cosA= - and smB= -
5 13
Now,
sin ( A+ B) = sin A cos B + cos Asin B
3 -12 -4 5
=-X- - + -X-
5 13 5 13
-36 20
65 65
-56
65

Question 3.

Solution:

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Given:
24 3
cosA =-- and cosB = -
25 5
3;r 3;r
and ;r <A<- and -<B<2Jr.
2 2
That is, A is in third quadrant and B is in fourth qudrant.
We know that sine .function is negative in third and fourth quadrants.
Therefore,
✓
sinA= - 1- cos2 A and ✓
sinB = - 1- cos2 B

1 - l 25)
⇒ sinA = �� and sinR� -FITT
⇒ sm
.
A =- � l- and -
smB =- �1-
� 625 � 25
. =- {49
⇒ smA and
.
smB =- [16
� 625 � 25
-4
⇒ sinA = -7
- and sinB = -
25 5
Now,
(i) sin( A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
-7 3 -24 -4
=-x-+-x-
25 5 25 5

-21 96
=-+-
125 125
75
125
3
5

(ii) cos(A+B) = cosAcosB- sinAsinB

-24 3 -7 -4
=-X---X-
25 5 25 5
-72 28
= ---
125 125
=-100
125
= -4
5

Question 4.

Solution:

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Given:
3 9
tanA = - and cosB = -
4 41
3;r Jr
Here, ;r < A < - and O < B < -
2 2
That is, A is in third quadrant and B is in first qudrant.
We know that tan function is positive in first and third quadrants,
and in the first quadrant, sine function is also positive.
✓
Therefore, sinB = 1- cos2 B

-✓l - 81
1681

=
✓1600
1681
40
41
sinB
AndtanB = - -
cosB
4
40
= ¾1 -
¾1 -9
tanA + tanB
Therefore, tan(A+B) =- - - - -
1-tanA tanB
3 40
-+-
4 9
3 40
1--x-
4 9
187
= 36
-84
36
-187
84

Question 5.

Solution:

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Given:
. = 1 = 12
smA - and cosB -
13
7r 3;r
Here, - < A < 1r and - < B < 21r.
2 2
That is, A is in the second quadrant and B is in the fourth quadrant.
We know that in the second quadrant, sine function is positive and cos ine and
tan functions are negative.
In the fourth quadrant, sine and tan functions are negative and cosine function is positive.
Therefore,

cosA��JHin'A�)�(H >✓1�¼>'4 � ��

½
½
= sin A = = -l
tan A 3
cosA - ✓ ✓

sinR � J1 cos' R � ✓1 (:�J �) ::: � H£ � ��

= sinB = -7i3 = -5
tanB
cosB 12/ 12
/13
= tanA -tanB
-,..r tan (A-B) -- - - -
1 + tanA tanB
lVOW,

-1 -5
✓3-12
=�- - -
-1 -5
3
l+-x-
✓ 12
3
-12+ 53✓ 3
= -12✓ - -= 5✓ - 12
- 3 -- - 3
12✓ +5 5+12✓
3
12✓

Question 6.

Solution:
3
✓
= -
G.1ven: si. nA = -I and cosB
2 2
7r 7r
Here, -<A < 1r andO <B <-.
2 2

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That is, A is in the second quadrant and B is in the first quadrant.
We know that in the second quadrant, sin e .function is positive
and cos ine and tan functions are negative.
In the.first quadrant, all T - functions are positive.
Therefore,

cosA>,/Hin A > l�(½J' �� 1��

' ✓ ✓ ��J¾ ���
tanA =
sinA
= ½½ = -31
cosA -✓ ✓

sinH � ,/Hos' A� Ji�(�]'� ✓1�¾� p;� ½

tanB =
sinB
= ½ = _I_3
cosB ✓3;{ ✓
Now,
tan A+ tanB
( z·) tan (A + B) =- - - - -
1 - tanA tanB
-1 1
+
=�✓3-�
✓3 -
-1 1
1--x-
✓3 ✓3
0
=-=0
1
l+-
3

= tan-
··) tan (A- B) -
(ll
A - tanB
-- -
1 + tanA tanB
-1 1
-
=�✓3-� ✓3 -
-1 1
l+-x-
✓3 ✓3
-2
3
= ✓
1-_!_
3

= -y✓3
½
=-✓3

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Question 7.

Solution:

(i) sin78° cosl8° - cos 78° sin 18°

=sin(78° -l8° ) [ Using sin A cos B - cos A sin B =sin( A -B)]
3
=sin60 ° = ✓
2

(ii) cos47 ° cosl3 ° -sin47 ° sinl3 °

=cos( 47 ° +13 ° ) [ Using cos A cos B - sin A sin B = cos(A+B)]
1
= cos60° = -
2

(iii) sin36° cos9° + cos 36° sin9 °

=sin(36° +9° ) [ Using sin A cos B + cos A sin B =sin(A+B)]
.
✓12
=sm45 ° =-

(iv) cos80 ° cos20° +sin80° sin20°

=cos(80° -20° ) [Using cos A cos B + sin A sin B = cos( A -B)]
1
= cos60° = -
2

Q8 .

Solution:

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Given:
12 24
cosA = -- and cotB = -
13 7
A lies in the second quadrant and B lies in the third quadrant.
We know that sine function is positive in the second quadrant and
in the third quadrant, both sine and cosinefunctions are negative.
Therefore,

sinA
�
✓i�cos' A� J1 (��2 J' � ✓ I :: � � � 1�
. -7
smB = - ----==== = ----==== = �== = - - __
1
i+cot' R
✓ Ji+(
1
2
7
-1
4J'
-1
p; ,::
25

Now,

(i) sin(A+B) = sinA cosB+ cosA + sinB

5 -24 -12 -7
=-x-+-x-
13 25 13 25
-120 84
=- - +-
325 325
-36
325

(ii) cos( A+B) =cos A cosB - sin A sinB

-12 -24 5 -7
25 13 25
=-X---X-
13
35
=-+ -
288
325 325
323
325

sin(A+B) -3
(iii) tan(A+B) = =- ½ � 5 = 36
� 32�
cos(A+B ) 323/ 323
/325

Question 9.

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Solution: Firstly, convert radian into degree:

LHS = cosl05° + cosl5°

= cos(90° + 15°) + cos(90° - 75°)
= - sin 15 ° + sin 750 [As cos(90°+A) = - sin A and cos(90 ° -B) = sinB]
= sin 75 ° - sin 15 °
=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 10.

Solution:

tan A+ tanB
LHS=- - - -
tanA - tanB
sinA sinB
-- +-­
cosA cosB
=��-��
sinA sinB
-----

cosA cosB
sin A cosB + cosAsinB
=- - -cos -- A cosB
---- -
sin A cosB - cosA sinB
cos A cosB
sin A cosB + cos A sinB
= - - -------
sinA cosB - cos A sinB
sin(A+B)
-
sin(A-B)
=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 11. Prove that

Solution:

(i)

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 cos 11° + sin 11°
LHS=- - °- - -
cos 11 - sin 11°
cos 11° sin 11°
---+---
cos 11° cos 11° ( Dividing numerator and denominator by cos 11° )
cos 11° sin 11°
cos 11° cos 11°
l+tanll0
l-tanll0
l+tanll 0
l-lxtanll0
tan45 ° + tanl 1°
( As tan45 ° = 1)
1- tan45 ° tan 11°
tan A+ tanB
= tan(45 ° +11° ) [As = tan(A+B)]
1- tanA tanB
= tan56 °
= RHS
Hence proved.

(ii)

cos9° + sin9°
LHS=- - - -
cos9° - sin9°
cos9° sin9°
--0 +--°
cos9 cos9 ( Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos9)
cos9° sin9°
cos9° cos9°
1+ tan9°
1- tan9°
1+ tan9°
1+ 1x tan9°
tan45 ° + tan9°
( As tan45 ° = 1)
1- tan45 ° x tan9°
tanA+tanB
= tan(45 ° + 9° ) [As = tan(A+B )]
1- tan A tanB
= tan54 °
= RHS
Hence proved.

(iii)

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 cos8 °- sin8 °
LHS=- - °
- -
cos8+ sin8 °
cos8 ° sin8 °
cos8 ° cos8 ° °
( Dividing numeraor and denominator by cos8 )
cos8 sin8
--+--
cos8 cos8
l-tan8°
1 tan8 °
+
1- tan8 °
1 1 x tan8 °
+
°
tan45 - tan8 °
(As tan 45 ° = 1)
1 tan45 ° tan8 °
+
tanA-tanB
°
= tan(45-8 °
) [As = tan(A+B)]
l+tanA tanB
= tan37°
=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 12.

Solution:

°
cos9+ sin9°
(i) LHS = - - °
-
-
cos9- sin9°
cos9° sin9°
--+--
cos90 cos9° ( Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos9)
°
cos9 sin9°
cos9° cos9°
1 tan9°
+
1- tan9°
1 tan9°
+
1 1 x tan9°
+
°
tan45+ tan9°
( As tan45 ° = 1)
1- tan45 ° x tan9°
tanA+tanB
°
= tan(45+ 9° ) [As = tan(A+B)]
1- tan A tanB
= tan54°
= RHS
Hence proved.

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 cos8° - sin8°
(ii) LHS = - - -
-
cos8° + sin8°
cos8° sin8°
°
= cos8
°
- - -cos8 -- °
( Dividing numeraor and denominator by cos8 )
cos8 sin8
--+--
cos8 cos8
=-l-tan8°
- -
1+tan8°
°
= 1--tan8- -
1+1 x tan8°
°
- tan8°
= tan45
--- -- - (As tan 45 °= 1)
1 + tan45 ° tan8°
tanA-tanB
=tan(45 ° -8°) [As =tan(A+B)
l+tanA tanB ]
=tan37°
=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 13.

Solution:

tan 69° +tan 66°

LHS=- - - --
l-tan 69 °tan 66°
tanA+tanB
=tan( 69° + 66°) Vszng the formula - - - - - =tan(A+ B)
[ . 1-tanAtanB ]
=tanl35 °
=tan(l80° -45 ° )
=-tan45 ° [tan(l80-A)= -tanA]
= -1
= RHS
Hence proved.
Question 14

Solution:

(i)

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We have:
5 1
tanA= - and tanB = -
6 11
tanA+tanB
Therefore, tan(A+B) = -----
1-tanA tanB
tanA +tanB
⇒ tan(A+B) = -----
1 - tanA tanB
5 1
-+-
⇒ tan(A+B) = 6 5111
1 - -x-
6 11
61
⇒ tan(A+ B) = ��

66
⇒ tan(A+B) =l
⇒ tan(A+B) =tan(:J

7r
Therefore, A+ B = -.
4
Hence proved.

(ii)

We know that
tan A-tan B
tan(A-B) =
l+tan Atan B
m l
= - m-l
-- 2m-l
- --
m
1+
(m- l) (2m -1)
2
2m -m-m+l
= -2
- - - - --
2m -m-2m+l+m
2m2 -2m+l
=- - - --
2m2 -2m+l
=l
⇒ A-B =tan-1 (1)
⇒ A-B =-7r
4

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 Question 15.

Solution:

(i)

cos 2 45 ° -sin 2 15 °
= cos(45 ° +15 ° )cos(45 ° -15 ° ) [cos 2 X -sin 2 Y = cos(X +Y)cos(X -Y)]
= cos 60° cos 3 0°
3
1
=-X- ✓
2 2
3
✓
4
Hence proved.

(ii)

-
- [ -
LHS = sin 2 ( n + l) A sin 2 nA
Using the formula sin 2 X sin 2 Y = sin(X+Y) sir (X -
= sin [(n +l) A + nA] sin [(n +l) A nA]
and taking X = (n+l)A and Y = nA
= sin [(n +l + n)A] sin [(n + l -n)A]
= sin(2n +l) A sin A
= RHS
Hence proved.

Question 16

Solution:
sin(A+B)+ sin(A-B)
(i) LHS =
cos( A+ B)+ cos( A-B)
sin A cosB+ cos A sinB+ sin A cosB- cos A sinB
cos A cosB-sin A sinB+ cos A cosB+ sin A sinB
2sinA cosB
2cosA cosB
sin A
cosA
= tanA
= RHS
Hence proved.

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 .. sin A-B) sin( B-e)
( sin( e - A)
(zz) LHS = - - - +- - -- + - - ­
cosA cosB cosB cose cose cos A
sin A cos B- cos A sin B sin B cos e-cos B sine sine cos A-cos e sin A
--------- - + -------- - +- - - - - - - - --
cosA cosB cosB cose cose cosA
sin A cosB cos A sinB sinB cose cosB sine sine cos A cose sin A
---- - + - - - - ---- - + - - - -
cosA cosB cos A cosB cosB cose cosB cose cose cos A cose cos A
sinA sinB sinB sine sine sinA
= - -- - +- - -- - +- - -
cosA cosB cosB cose cose cosA
= tanA- tanB+ tanB-tane+ tane-tanA
=0
=RHS
Hence proved.

... sin( A-B) sin( B-e) sin( e - A)

(m) LHS = - - - + - -
+- - ­
sinA sinB sinB sine sine sin A
sin A cos B-cos A sin B sin B cos e-cos B sine sin e cos A-cos e sin A
--------- - + --------- -+- - - - - - - - - -
sin A sinB sinB sine sine sin A
sin A cosB cos A sinB sinB cose cosB sine sine cos A cose sin A
- - - -+ - - - - - - -+- - - -
sin A sinB sin A sinB sinB sine sinB sine sine sinA sine sinA
cosB cosA cose cosB cosA cose
=- - -- - + - -- - +- - -- -
sinB sinA sine sinB sinA sine
= cotB- cotA+ cote-cotB+ cotA-cote
=0
=RHS
Hence proved.

(iv) RHS = sin2 A + sin2 ( A- B) -2sin A cos B sin( A- B)

= sin2 A+ sin(A-B) {sin(A-B) -2sinA cosB}
= sin2 A + sin( A- B) ( sin A cos B - cos A sin B - 2sin A cos B)
= sin2 A + sin( A- B) ( -sin A cos B - cos A sin B)
= sin2 A - sin( A- B) ( sin A cos B + cos A sin B)
= sin2 A- sin(A-B) sin(A+B)
= sin2 A - ( sin2 A - sin2 B)
= sin2 A - sin2 A + sin2 B
= sin 2 B
= LHS

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Hence proved.

(v) LHS = cos2 A+ cos2 B -2cosA cosB cos(A+B)

= cos2 A + I - sin2 B - 2cos A cos B cos( A+ B)
= I + cos2 A - sin2 B - 2cos A cos B cos( A+ B)
= I + cos2 A - sin2 B - 2cos A cos B cos( A+ B)
= I + cos ( A+ B) cos ( A- B) - 2cos A cos B cos ( A+ B)
= I + cos ( A+ B){ cos ( A- B) - 2 cos A cosB}
= I + cos ( A+ B) ( cos A cos B + sin A sin B -2 cos A cos B )
= I + cos( A+ B) ( -cos A cos B + sin A sin B)
= I - cos( A+ B) ( cos A cos B - sin A sin B)
= I - cos(A+B) cos(A+B)
= I - cos2 (A+B)
= sin2 (A+B)
= RHS
Hence proved.

tan(A+B)
(vi) LHS =
cot(A-B)
tan(A+B)
= - - -
1
tan(A-B)
= tan(A+B) x tan(A-B)

=-tanA
---
+tanB tanA-tanB
- x- - - --
1-tanA tanB l+tanAtanB
(tanA+tanB)(tanA-tanB)
= ---------
(1-tanA tanB)(l + tanA tanB)
2 2
(tanA) -(tanB)
- 2 2
(1) -(tanA tanB)
tan2 A -tan2 B
=
I - tan2 A tan2 B
= RHS
Hence proved.

Question 17.

Solution:

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(i) We know that80 = 60 + 20
Therefore,
tan(80) = tan( 60 + 20)

⇒ tan(80) =-tan-60 -+-tan-

20
-
1 - tan60 tan20
⇒ tan80 - tan80 tan60 tan 20 = tan60 + tan 20
⇒ tan80 - tan60 - tan 20 = tan80 tan60 tan 20
Hence proved.

(ii) We know that45 ° = 15 ° + 30 °

Therefore,
tan(45 ° ) = tan(l5 ° +3O° )
° °
⇒ 1 = tanl5 +°tan3O °
1- tanl5 tan3O
⇒ 1- tanl5 ° tan3O° = tanl5 ° + tan3O°
⇒ 1 = tanl5 ° + tan3O° + tanl5 ° tan3O°
⇒ tanl5 ° + tan3O° + tanl5 ° tan3O° = 1
Hence proved.

(iii) We know that36 ° + 9 ° = 45 °

Therefore,
tan(36 ° + 9 ° ) = tan45 °
° °
⇒ tan36 +°tan9 ° = 1
1- tan36 tan9
⇒ tan36 ° + tan9 ° = 1 - tan36 ° tan9°
⇒ tan36 ° + tan9 ° + tan36 ° tan9° = 1
Hence proved.

(iv) We know thatl30 = 90 + 40

Therefore,
tan(l30) = tan(90 +40)

⇒ tan130 = -tan90
- -+- tan40
--
1 - tan 90 tan40
⇒ tanl30 - tanl30 tan90 tan 40 = tan90 + tan40
⇒ tanl30 - tan90 - tan40 = tanl30 tan90 tan40
Hence proved.

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Question 18.

Solution:

tan 2 20-tan 2 0
LHS =
1-tan 2 20tan 2 0
( tan 20+ tan0) ( tan 20 - tan0)
=�- - - �
-
2
- -2 - �
- { Using A2 -B 2 =(A+B)(A-B)}
1-tan 20tan 0
tan30 = tan(20+ 0) and tan0 = tan(20-0).

= tan30(1-tan 20tan0) x tan0(1+ tan 20tan0)

- ----------- 2 2
- - - -
l-tan 20tan 0
[-: tan 20+ tan 0 = tan30(1-tan 20tan0) & tan 20 - tan0 = tan0(1+ tan 20tan0)]
tan30tan0 ( l-tan 2 20tan 2 0)
=
l-tan 2 20tan 2 0
= tan30tan0
=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 19.

Solution:

sin(x+ y)
LHS =
sin( x- y)
( sinxcos y + cosxsin y)
( sin x cos y - cos x sin y)
comparing LHS with RHS
a= smxcosy
b = cosxsiny
divide a by b
tanx
alb=
tany

Question 20.

Solution:

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 sin(A-B)
LHS =
sin(A+B)

= sin
-A-
cos B - cos A sin B
----- -
sin A cos B + cos A sin B
Dividing numerator and denominator by cos A cos B :
tan A -tan B
tan A+ tan B
= xtan
- B-tan
- - B- ( Since tan A = x tan B )
xtan B+tan B
tan B(x-1)
-
tan B(x+l)
x-l
x+l
= RHS
Hence proved.

Question 21.

Solution:

tan(2A) =tan(A+A)
= tan(A+B+A-B)
+ B)+tan(A-B)
= tan(A
--- -----
1-tan(A+B)tan(A-B)
x+y
=
l-xy
tan 2B = tan ( B + B)
=tan (B+A+B-A)
( )
= tan-
�(A+B)+tan
�
- - � B-A�
-
1-tan(A+B)tan(B-A)

= tan(A
--- +B)-tan(A-B)
----- [tan( -0) =-tan 0]
1 +tan(A+B)tan(A-B)
x-y
=
I+xy

Question 22.

Solution:

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RHS = m 2 +n 2 -2
2 2
= (cos A +sin B) +(sin A +cos B ) - 2
=cos2 A+sin2 B+ 2cosAsinB +sin2 A+cos 2 B + 2sinAcos B-2
=I+I+2cosAsinB+ 2sinAcos B-2
= 2(cos AsinB +sinA cos B)
= 2sin(A+B)
=LHS
Hence proved.

Question 23.

Solution:

Given:
cot A + cot B = b
⇒ --+-
I I
-=b
tanA tanB
⇒ tanA+tanB
=b
tanAtanB
Now,
I I
RHS = ---
a b
I
= -- - - tan A tan B
tan A +tan B tan A +tan B
= - -A -
I-tan tan-
-B
tan A+ tan B
= cot (A+B)
= LHS

Hence proved.

Question 24

If x lies in the first quadrant and cos x = �, then prove that

17

Solution:

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 .
Given: 0< 0<-
7r

64 �
✓
Now ' sin 0= 1-cos2 0 =.JI-=
289 17

J 2
J
LHS = cos(; +0 +cos(: -0 +cos( ; -0 J
= cos(30+0) +cos( 45-0) +cos(l20-0)
=cos 30° cos 0 -sin30° sin 0 +cos 45° cos 0+sin 45° sin 0 + cos 120° cos 0+ sin 120° sin 0
{Using formulas of cos(A+B) and cos(A-B})
= cos 0 ( cos 30° +cos 45° +cos 120) +sin 0(-sin 30° + sin 45° +sinl20° )

J
3 3
= �[ ✓ +-12 _I_ j +�[-!+_I2 + ✓ J
17 2 ✓ 2 17 2 ✓ 2
3
-1 -1
=�[ ✓ +-12 J+�[-fi +-12 1 )
17 2 ✓ 17 2 ✓
)J
3
23 -
= [ ✓ 1 +_I2
17 2 ✓
= RHS

Hence proved.

Question 25.

Solution:

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 J J
Given:
2
tan x +tan ( x + ; +tan ( x + ; = 3

7r 2;r
tan x+tan- tan x+tan-
⇒ tanx+ 3 +
7r
3 =3
2;r
I-tan xtan - I-tan xtan-
3 3
3 3
⇒ tan x+-tan-3x+- ✓- +- -
tan x-✓
3 - - =3
3
[tan120 ° = -✓ ]
l- ✓ tan x 1+ ✓ tan x
3 3 3 3
tan x(l-3tan2 x)+tan x+ ✓ + ✓ tan2 x+3tan x+tan x- ✓ - ✓ tan2 x+3tan x
⇒ --------------------------- - =3
l-3tan2 x
3
⇒ 9tan x-3tan 2
x
=3
l-3tan x
3
⇒ 3tan x-tan2
x
=l
l-3tan x
Hence proved.

Question 26.

Solution:

Given:

sin ( a + ,8) = I and sin ( a - ,8) = _!_

2
⇒ a + ,8 = 90 °
... (I)
and a-,8 =30 ° ... (2)
By adding eq (1) and eq (2) we get:
2a =120°
⇒ a =60°
By subtracting eq ( 2) from eq (I), we get:
2,8 =60°
⇒ ,8=30 °
Therefore,
3
tan(a+ 2,8)=tan (60° + 2x30°)=tan120° = -✓
I
tan(2a+,B)=tan (2x60 ° +30°)=tanl50° = - 3
✓
Question 27.

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Solution:

Given:
6 cos0+ 8 sin0 = 9
⇒ 6 cos0 = 9- 8 sin0
⇒ 36cos2 0 = (9-8 sin0) 2
⇒ 36(1-sin2 0) = 81+64sin2 0 -144sin0
⇒ 100sin2 0 -144sin0+ 45 = 0
Now, a and fJ are the roots of the given equation; therefore, cos a and cos /J are
the roots of the above equation.

⇒ sin a sin/J = ( Product of roots of a quadratic equation ax +bx+ c = 0 is : . J

2
1:0
Again, 6 cos0+ 8 sin0 = 9
⇒ 8 sin0 = 9-6 case
⇒ 64sin2 0 = (9-6 cos0) 2
⇒ 64(1-cos2 0) = 81+ 36cos2 0 -l 08cos 0
⇒ 100cos2 0-108cos0+17 = 0
Now, a and fJ are the roots of the given equation; therefore, sin a and sin/J are
the roots of the above equation.
17
Therefore, cos a cos/J = -
100
Hence, cos (a+ fJ) = cos a cos /J- sin a sin /J
17 45
100 100
28
100
7
25
✓
sin ( a + fJ) = 1-cos ( a + fJ)
2

= rm
�625
24
25

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Question 28.

Solution:

(i)

2 2
a 2
+b 2 =(sina+sin,8) +(cosa+cos,8)
⇒a 2
+b 2 =sin2 a+sin2 ,8+2sinasin,8+cos2 a +cos2 ,8+2cosacos,8
⇒a 2
+b 2 =sin2 a+cos2 a+sin2 ,8+cos2 ,8+2(sinasin,8+cosacos ,B)
⇒a 2
+b 2 =2+2cos(a-,B) ...(1)

Now,

2 2
b 2 -a =(cosa+cos,8) -(sina+ sin,8)
2

. 2 a-sm
⇒ b - a 2 = cos2 a+cos2 ,8 -sm
2 . 2 . asm
,8 +2cosacos,8-2sm . ,8

⇒ b 2 -a 2 =(cos2 a-sin2 ,B) +(cos2 ,8-sin2 a)-2cos(a+ ,B)

⇒ b 2 -a 2 =2cos(a+,8)cos(a-,8) +2cos(a-,8)
⇒ b 2 -a 2 =cos(a+,B)(2+2cos(a-,B)) ...(2)
From(l) and (2), We have

b 2 -a 2=cos(a+ ,B)(a 2
+b 2 )

⇒ b 2 -a
2 2
cos(a+ ,B)
a +b 2

⇒ sin(a+,8) = ✓1-cos2 (a+,8)

2 ]2
b 4 +a 4
-b 4 -a 4
+4a 2b 2
⇒ sin(a+,B)=tl- 2 -a
[b 2

b +a V
2
\ (b 2
+a 2
r

⇒ Sln. (a+ ,B)= 2a b

a 2 +b 2

(ii)

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 2 2
a2 +b2 =(sina+sinJJ) +(cosa+cosJJ)
=sin2 a+sin2 /J+cos2 a+cos2 /J+2sinasin/J+2cosacos/J
=2+2 cos( a - fJ)
⇒ b2 -a2 =(cosa+cos JJ)2 -(sina+sinJJ)2
⇒ b2 -a2 = cos2 a+cos2 /J -sin2 a -sin2 /J+2cosacos/J-2sinasin/J
⇒ b2 -a2 =(cos2 a -sin2 JJ) +(cos2 /J-sin2 a)-2cos(a+ JJ)
⇒ b2 a2 =2cos(a+ fJ) cos(a - fJ) +2cos(a - fJ)
-

⇒ b2 a2 =cos( a + fJ)(2+2 cos( a - fJ))

-

⇒ b2 -a2 =cos(a+/J)(a 2 +b 2 )
b2 -a2
=cos(a+ JJ)
a2 +b2

Question 29.

Solution:

cot ( x -a) -cot ( x -b)

(i) RHS =
sin(a-b)
cos( x -a) _ cos( x - b)
sin( x -a) sin( x - b)
= ------
-
sin( a-b)
sin( x - b) cos( x -a) -sin( x -a) cos( x - b)
-
sin( x -a) sin( x - b) sin( a - b)

- sin
= - �(-
- x -b -x + a)
- - �- -
sin( x -a) sin( x - b) sin( a - b)

= -a-b)
- - -sin( -----
sin( x -a) sin( x - b) sin( a - b)

= I --
--- -
sin( x -a) sin( x - b)
=LHS
Hence proved.

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 cot( x -a) + tan(x -b)
(ii) RHS =
cos(a-b)
cos( x -a) sin(x - b)
-� +- � � �
sin(x -a) cos(x - b)
= ------
cos(a-b)
cos(x - b) cos( x -a) + sin( x -a) sin ( x - b)
-
cos(a - b) sin(x -a) cos( x - b)
cos(x -b -x + a)
= -------- - ( Using cos(A -B) = cos A cos b B + sin A sin B)
cos(a - b) sin( x -a) cos(x - b)
cos(a-b)
= -------- -
cos(a - b) sin( x -a) cos(x - b)
I
=
sin( x -a) cos(x - b)
= RHS
Hence proved.

tan(x -b) -tan( x -a)

(iii) RHS =
sin(a-b)
sin(x - b) sin(x -a)
_
cos( x - b) cos( x -a)
-
sin(a-b)
sin( x - b) cos(x -a) -sin( x -a) cos( x - b)
-
sin(a - b) cos(x -a) cos(x - b)

= - sin �(-
- x -b -x + a)
- - �- - ( Using sin(A-B) = sin Acos B-cos Asin B)
sin(a - b) cos(x -a) cos( x - b)
sin(a-b
= - - - - -)- - - -
sin(a - b) cos(x -a) cos(x - b)
I
= --- -- -
cos( x -a) cos(x - b)
=LHS
Hence proved.

Question 30.

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Solution:

Given:
sina sinfJ-cosa cos/J+ 1 = 0
⇒ -(cosa cos/J-sina sin/J) +1 =0
⇒ -cos( a+fJ) + 1 =0
⇒ cos(a +fJ) =1
Therefore, sin( a+ JJ) =0 .... (1) (sincesin0 =✓l-cos2 0)
Hence ,
cosa sin/J
1 +cota tan/J =1 +
sina cos/J
sina cos/J +cosa sin/J
sina cos/J
sin( a+ JJ)
=-�-�
sina cos/J
=0 . . . {From eq (1)}

Hence proved.

Question 31.

Solution:

LHS= 2cot(a-/J)
2(1 +tana tan/J)
= -----
-
[tana-tan/J]
2+2(x+l)(x-l)
= - - - - --
(x+l-x+l)
2
= 2+2x
- --2-
2
2
2x
2
2
=X

=RHS
Hence proved.

Question 32.

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Solution :

Let a and /J be the two parts of angle 0. Then

0 =a+ fJ and ¢=a- fJ (Given)

Now,

tan a= A tan/J ( Given)

⇒-tana= A
- -
tan/J
1

Applying component and dividend,we get

a+-
-tan- tan/J A+ l
-
-=
tana- tan/J ,1-l
sina sin/J
--+--
cos a cos/J A+l
⇒ =
sin a sin/J ,1 -1
-----

cosa cos/J
sin a cos/J+cos a sin/J
cos a cos/J A+l
⇒ =
sin a cos/J- cos a sin/J ,1 -1
cos a cos/J
sin(a+JJ)
,1+
⇒- - - -
1
=- -
,1
sin(a-/J) -l
sin0 /4 +l
⇒ --=- ,1
- ( 0=a+fJ and <p
=a- fJ)
sin <p -l

⇒ sin. 0=A+l .
-sm<p
-
A-1

Question 33.

Solution:

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 sma-cosa
tan0=-- - - -
.
sma+cosa
Divi ding numerator and denominator on the RHS by cosa,we get
sma _
1
tan0= c?sa
sma
--+1
cosa
7r
tana-tan-
⇒ tan0= - - - -- 4
;r
+tana tan-
l 4

⇒ 0=a--7r
4
7r
Or a=-+0
4
Now,
sma+cosa

= sin( : + 0) +cos( :+ 0)
=sm
. -cos
Jr 0+cos-sm
Jr . 0+cos-cos
1r 0-sm. -smJr . 0
4 4 4 4
=-cos ✓
✓I2 0+-sm ✓I2 0--sm
l2 . 0+-cos ✓
l2 . 0

2
= ✓2 cos0
✓2
= cos0
✓2
: . sina+cosa= cos0

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Exercise: 7.2

Page Number: 7.26

Question 1:

Solution :

(i)
Let f    12 sin   5 cos 
We know that
 122  (5)2  12 sin   5 cos   122  (5) 2
 144  25  12 sin   5 cos   144  25
13  12 sin   5 cos   13
Hence the maximum and minumun values of f   are13 and  13, respectively .

(ii)
Let f    12 cos   5 sin   4
We know that
 122  52  12 cos   5 sin   122  52 for all 
  169  12 cos   5 sin   169
 13  12 cos   5 sin   13
 9  12 cos   5 sin   4  17
Hence, the maximum and minimum vaues of f   are 17 and  9, respectively.

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(iii)
 
Let f    5 cos   3 sin      4
6 

Now f    5cos   3  sin 30 cos   cos 30 sin    4

3 3 3
 5cos   cos   sin   4
2 2
13 3 3
 cos   sin   4
2 2
We know that
2 2 2 2
 13   3 3  13 3 3  13   3 3 
        cos   sin         for all 
 2   2  2 2  2   2 
Therefore,
169  27 13 3 3 169  27
  cos   sin  
4 2 2 4
14 13 3 3 14
  4  cos   sin   4   4
2 2 2 2
13 3 3
 3  cos   sin   4  11
2 2
Hence, maximum and minimun values of f   are11 and  3, respectively .

(iv)
Let f    sin   cos   1
We know that
 12  (1) 2  sin   cos   12  (1) 2 for all 
  2  sin   cos   2
  2  1  sin   cos   1  2  1
Hence maximum and minimum values of f   are 1  2 and 1  2 , respectively .

Question 2.

Solution :

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i  Let f    3 sin   cos 
Dividing and multiplying by 3  1 , i.e. by 2, we get :
 3 1 
f    2  sin   cos  
 2 2 
   
 f    2  cos sin   sin cos  
 6 6 
 
 f    2sin    
 6
Again,
 3 1 
f    2  sin   cos  
 2 2 
   
 f    2  sin sin   cos cos  
 3 3 
 
 f    2 cos    
3 

 ii  Let f    cos   sin 

Dividing and multiplying by 12  12 , i.e. by 2, we get :
 1 1 
f    2  cos   sin  
 2 2 
 f    2  cos 45 cos   sin 45 sin  
 
 f    2 cos    
4 

Again,
 1 1 
f    2  cos   sin  
 2 2 
 f    2  sin 45 cos   cos 45 sin  
 
 f    2 sin    
4 

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 iii  Let f    24 cos   7 sin 
Dividing and multiplying by 242  7 2 , i.e.by 25, we get :
 24 7 
f    25  cos   sin  
 25 25 
24 7
 f    25  sin  cos   cos  sin   , where sin   and cos  
25 25
24
 f    25 sin     , where tan   .
7
Again,
 24 7 
f    25  cos   sin  
 25 25 
24 7
 f    25  cos  cos   sin  sin   , where cos   , sin   .
25 25
7
 f    25 cos     , where tan   .
24

Question 3.

Solution :

Let f    sin100  sin10

Multiplying and dividing by 12  12 , i.e. by 2 , we get :
 1 1 
2 sin100  sin10 
 2 2 
 2  cos 45 sin  90  10   sin 45 sin10 
 2  cos 45 cos10  sin 45 sin10 
 2 cos  45  10   2co s55
which is positive since cos is positive in the first quadrant.

Question 4.

Solution :

 
Let f    2 3  3 sin   2 3 cos 
We know that ,
2 2 2 2
 2  
3 3  2 3   f    2  
33  2 3 
  12  9 12 3 12  f    12  9 12 3  12

  33 12 3  f    33  12 3

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Exercise: 7.VSA

Page Number: 7.26

Solution each of the following questions in one word or one sentence or as per exact
requirement of the question:

Question 1:

Solution :

Given:
         
Also,
sin 2   sin 2   sin 2  (      

sin  sin  cos(       
sin 2   sin 2   (sin    ) 2
 sin      sin  and cos       cos  
  sin  sin  cos     
sin 2   sin 2   sin 2  cos 2   cos 2  sin 2   2sin  sin  cos  cos 

  sin  sin  cos  cos   sin 2  sin 2  
sin 2  1  cos 2    sin 2  1  cos 2    2sin  sin  cos  cos 

sin 2  sin 2   sin  sin  cos  cos 
2sin 2  sin 2   2sin  sin  cos  cos 

sin 2  sin 2   sin  sin  cos  cos 
2

Question 2:

Solution :

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Given :
 2 2   4 4 
x cos   y  cos  cos  sin  sin   z  cos  cos  sin  sin 
 3 3   3 3 
 1 3   1 3 
 x cos   y   cos   sin    z   cos   sin  
 2 2   2 2 
y z
  
 x  1  3 tan   1  3 tan 
2 2

y

x  1  3 tan 
2

y  1  3 tan  
z
 1  3 tan  
Now,

1 1 1
  
2 1
 
1  3 tan   

x y z y 1  3 tan  
y y 1  3 tan   

  
2  1  3 tan   1  3 tan  

y 1  3 tan  
0

Question 3:

Solution :

Let f  x   3 cos x  4 sin x  5

We know that
 32  42  3 cos x  4 sin x  32  42
 5  3 cos x  4 sin x  5
 5  5  3 cos x  4 sin x  5  5  5
 0  f  x   10
Hence, maximum and minimum vales of f  x  are 0 and 10 respectively .

Question 4:

Solution :

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Let f    12sin   9 sin 2 
   9sin 2   12 sin  
2
   3sin    2.3 sin  .2  22  4 
 
2
   3 sin   2   4 
 
2
 4   3 sin   2 
2
Minimum value of  3 sin   2  is 0.
2
Therefore, maximum value of 4   3 sin   2  would be 4.

Question 5:

Solution :

Let f    12sin   9 sin 2 

   9sin 2   12 sin  
2
   3sin    2.3 sin  .2  22  4 
 
2
   3 sin   2   4 
 
2
 4   3 sin   2 
2
Minimum value of  3 sin   2  is 0.
2
Therefore, maximum value of f    4   3 sin   2  is 4.
We are given that 12sin   9 sin 2  will attain its maximum value at    .
 12sin   9 sin 2   4
 9sin 2   12sin   4  0
 9sin 2   12 sin   4  0
 9sin 2   6sin   6sin   4  0
 3sin   3sin   2   2  3sin   2   0
  3sin   2  3sin   2   0
2
 sin  
3

Question 6:

Solution :

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  
Let f    5 cos   3 cos      3
 3
 5 cos   3  cos  cos 60  sin  sin 60   3
3 3 3
 5 cos   cos   sin   3
2 2
13 3 3
 cos   sin   3
2 2
We know that
2 2 2 2
 13   3 3  13 3 3  13   3 3 
       cos   sin       
 2   2  2 2  2   2 
169 27 13 3 3 169 27
   cos   sin   
4 4 2 2 4 4
14 13 3 3 14
  cos   sin  
2 2 2 2
13 3 3
 7  3  cos   sin   3  7  3
2 2

Hence, f   lies in the interval  4,10 .

Question 7:

Solution

tan 2 B  tan  B  B 
 tan  A  B   A  B  
tan  A  B   tan  A  B 

1  tan  A  B  tan  A  B 
pq
  tan  A  B   p and tan  A  B   q 
1  pq

Question 8:

Solution :

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cos  x  y  m

cos  x  y  n
cos x cos y  sin x sin y m
 
cos x cos y  sin x sin y n
1  tan x tan y m
   Dividing numerator and denominator of LHS by cos x cos y 
1  tan x tan y n
 n  n tan x tan y  m  m tan x tan y
 tan x tan y  m  n   m  n
mn
 tan x tan y 
mn

Question 9:

Solution :

a  b cos120  c cos 240

1 1
a  b c
2 2
Therefore,
1 1
ab  bc  ca  bb  bb  b b
2 2
 b 2  b 2
0

Question 10:

Solution :

tan A tan B tan C  tan A tan B tan  A  B  Using A  B  C 

tan A  tan B
 tan A tan B 
1  tan A tan B
tan A tan B  tan A tan 2 B
2

1  tan A tan B
tan A tan B  tan A tan 2 B  tan A  tan B  tan A  tan B
2

1  tan A tan B
 tan A 1 tan A tan B   tan B 1 tan A tan B   tan A  tan B

1 tan A tan B

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  1 tan A tan B  tan A  tan B   tan A  tan B

1 tan A tan B
tan A  tan B
  tan A  tan B
1  tan A tan B
 tan  A  B   tan A  tan B
 tan C  tan A  tan B

Question 11:

Solution :

cos      cos  cos   sin  sin 

2 cos  cos   2sin  sin   2  2

2
sin   cos   sin 2   cos 2   2 cos  cos   2sin  sin   2
2 2

2
( sin  sin )  (cos   cos  )2  2
2

2
2 2
a b 2

2

Question 12:

Solution :

tan   tan 
tan     
1 tan  tan 
1 1
x

 1 2 1  2 x 1
1
1
1  2 1  2 x1 
x

1  2 x1  1  2 x

1  2 x1  2 x  2 x x1  1
2  2 x1  2 x

2  2 x1  2 x
1

Therefore,     tan 1 1  .
4

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Exercise: 7.MCQ

Page Number:7.27

Mark the correct alternative in each of the following:

Question 1.

Solution :

3
(b)
2

sin 2 75  sin 2 15

 sin 2 75  cos 2 75 sin  90     cos  

Now, sin 75  sin  45  30 

 sin 45cos 30  cos 45sin 30
1 3 1 1
   
2 2 2 2
3 1

2 2
cos 75  cos  45  30 
 cos 45 cos 30  sin 45 sin 30
1 3 1 1
   
2 2 2 2
3 1

2 2
Hence ,
2 2
2 2
 3 1   3 1 
sin 75  cos 75      
 2 2   2 2 
3  1  2 3  3 1 2 3

8
4 3

8
3

2

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Question 2.

Solution :

(b) −1
cos B cos    A  B    sin B sin    A  B  
sec A  cos B cos C  sin B sin C  
cos A
we know that, cos       cos  and sin      sin 
cos B cos  A  B   sin B sin  A  B 
 sec A  cos B cos C  sin B sin C  
cos A
Now using the identities cos  A  B   cos Acos B  sin Asin B and
sin  A  B   sin Acos B  cos Asin B we get,
 cos Acos B 2  cos B sin Asin B  sin B sin Acos B  sin 2 B cos A
sec A  cos B cos C  sin B sin C  
cos A
 cos A  cos B  sin B 
2 2

 sec A  cos B cos C  sin B sin C  

cos A
 cos A
 sec A  cos B cos C  sin B sin C    1
cos A

Question 3.

Solution :

(c) 3

tan 20  tan 40  3 tan 20 tan 40

 tan 20  tan 40 
 tan 60 1 tan 20 tan 40   tan 60 tan 20 tan 40  Using tan 60  1 tan 20 tan 40 and tan 60  3 
 tan 60  tan 60 tan 20 tan 40  tan 60 tan 20 tan 40
 tan 60
 3

Question 4.

Solution :

π
(d)
4

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 tan A  tan B
tan  A  B  
1  tan A tan B
a 1

 a  1 2a  1
a
1
 a  1 2a  1
2a 2  a  a  1

2a 2  3a  1  a
2 a 2  2a  1
 2
2 a  2a  1
1

Therefore, A  B  tan 1 1  .
4

Question 5.

Solution :

(a) 0

3 sin   4 cos   5
3 4
sin   cos   1
5 5
3 4
Let cos   and sin   .
5 5
 cos  sin   sin  cos   1

 sin      sin
2

   
2

   .... 1
2
We have to find the value of 4 sin   3 cos  .
   
4 sin      3 cos     ... From eq 1
2  2 
 4 cos   3sin 
3 4  3 4
4  3  cos   and sin   
5 5  5 5
0

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Question 6.

Solution:

1
(c)
6
In triangle ABC,
A B C 
tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C
We know that tan  A  B  C  
1  tan A tan B  tan B tan C  tan C tan A
and tan   0.
 tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C  0
tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C

If tan A+tan B+tan C =6,

tan A tan B tan C =6
1 1
 
tan A tan B tan C 6
1
 cot A cot B cot C 
6

Question 7.

Solution :

(a) tan3 A tan 2 A tan A

3A  2 A  A
 tan 3 A  tan  2 A  A
tan 2 A  tan A

1  tan 2 A tan A
 tan 3 A  tan 3 A tan 2 A tan A  tan 2 A  tan A
 tan 3 A  tan 2 A  tan A  tan 3 A tan 2 A tan A

Question 8.

Solution :

(c) 1
Using tan(180-A) = -tan A, we get:

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C     A  B
Now,
tan A  tan B  tan C
tan A tan B tan C
tan A  tan B  tan    A  B  

tan A tan B tan    A  B  
tan A  tan B  tan  A  B 

 tan A tan B tan  A  B 
tan A  tan B
tan A  tan B 
 1  tan A tan B
tan A  tan B
 tan A tan B 
1  tan A tan B
tan A  tan B  tan 2 A tan B  tan A tan 2 B  tan A  tan B

 tan 2 A tan B  tan A tan 2 B
 tan 2 A tan B  tanA tan 2 B

 tan 2 AtanB  tanA tan 2 B
1

Question 9.

Solution :
(b) 60⁰
1 13
cos P  , cos Q 
7 14
1 4 3 169 3 3
Therefore, sin P  1   and sin Q  1 
49 7 196 14
3 3
Hence, tan P  4 3, tan Q 
13
cos  P  Q   cos P cos Q  sin P sin Q
1 13 4 3 3 3
   
7 14 7 14
13  36

98
49

98
1
 cos  P  Q  
2
1
 P  Q  cos 1
2
 P  Q  60

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Question 10.

Solution :

(a) sin

Given:
cot      0
cos    
 0
sin    
 cos      0

  
2
Therefore, sin   2    sin      
 sin 

Question 11.

Solution :
(a) tan55

cos10  sin10
cos10  sin10
1 tan10
  Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos 10
1 tan10
tan 45  tan10

1  tan 45 tan10
 tan A  tan B 
 tan  45 10   Using tan  A  B   1 tan A tan B 
 tan 55

Question 12.

Solution :

1
(a) cos 2
2
   
cos 2      sin 2    
6  6 
     
 cos        cos        Using cos  A  B  cos  A  B   cos 2 A  sin 2 B 
6 6  6 6 

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 2
 cos cos 2
6
1   1
 cos 2  As cos 3  2 
2

Question 13.

Solution :

1 k
(a)
1 k
cos 1   2 
cos 1   2 
cos 1 cos  2  sin 1 sin  2

cos 1 cos  2  sin 1 sin  2
Dividing numerator and denominator by cos 1 cos  2 , we get :
1 tan 1 tan  2
1  tan 1 tan  2
1 k

1 k

Question 14.

Solution:

1
c 
3

sin  cos    cos  sin  

 
As we know that sin    cos    
2 
 
  cos    cos    cos   sin  
2 

   cos    sin 
2

  sin    cos  
2
1
 sin   cos  
2

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Squaring both sides we get ,
1
sin 2   cos 2   2 sin  cos  
4
1
 1 sin 2 
4
1
 sin 2 
3
 
And we know that sin   cos    
2 
 
 cos    cos    cos   sin  
2 

   cos    sin 
2

  sin    cos  
2
1
 sin   cos  
2
Squaring both sides we get ,
1
 sin 2  cos 2  2sin  cos  
4
1
 1 sin 2 
4
1
 sin 2 
3
1
Therefore, sin 2  
3

Question 15.

Solution :

1 1
It is given that tan   and tan   .
2 3
Now,

tan   tan 
tan     
1 tan  tan 
1 1

 2 3
1 1
1 
2 3

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 5
6
5
6
1
   
     tan  1
4  4 
Hence,the correct answer is option D.

Question 16.

Solution :

(b) cos 2A

cos  36  A  cos  36  A   cos  54  A cos  54  A

 cos  36  A  cos  36  A  sin 90   54  A  sin 90   54  A   Since sin  90     cos  
 cos  36  A  cos  36  A  sin  36  A  sin  36  A
 cos  36  A  36  A  Using cos  A  B  formula 
 cos 2 A

Question 17.

Solution :

(c) a 2  2
Given:
   
tan      tan      a
4  4 
2
    
  tan      tan       a 2
 4  4 
       
 tan 2      tan 2      2 tan     tan      a 2
4  4  4  4 
       
 tan 2      tan 2      a 2  2 tan     tan    
4  4  4  4 

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      tan 45  tan  tan 45  tan  
 tan 2      tan 2      a 2  2  
4  4  1  tan 45 tan  1 tan 45 tan  
    1  tan  1 tan  
 tan 2      tan 2      a 2  2  
4  4   1  tan  1 tan  
     1  tan 2  
 tan 2      tan 2      a 2  2  2 
4  4   1 tan  
   
 tan 2      tan 2      a 2  2
4  4 

Question 18.

Solution :

19 π
(b)
24 

Given :
2
tan  A  B   1 and sec  A  B  
3
 
 A B  ... 1 and A  B  ...  2 
4 6
Adding these equations we get :
 
2A  
4 6
5
 A
24
5 19
 Smallest possible value of B     .
24 24

Question 19

Solution :

(a) 2

tan  A  B   tan
4
tan A  tan B
 1
1 tan A tan B

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 tan A  tan B  1 tan A tan B ... 1
Now,
1 tan A1 tan B   1 tan A  tan B  tan A tan B
 11 tan A tan B  tan A tan B Using eq 1 
2

Question 20

Solution :

3
(b)
2
Let f    sin 2  90  30     sin 2  90  30   
2 2
 cos  30      cos  30      Using sin  90  A  cos A
2 2
 3 1   3 1 
 cos   sin     cos   sin  
 2 2   2 2 
3 1 3 3 1 3
 cos 2   sin 2   cos  sin   cos 2   sin 2   cos  sin 
4 4 2 4 4 2
3 1
 cos 2   sin 2 
2 2
3 1
 1 sin 2    sin 2 
2 2
3 3 1
  sin 2   sin 2 
2 2 2
3
  sin 2 
2
For f   to be maximum, sin 2  must have minimum value, which is 0.

3
 is the maximum value of f   .
2

Question 21.

Solution :

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 1
(a)
5
sin A sin B
tan A tan B  2  Given  ... 1
cos A cos B
Also,
3
cos  A  B  
5
3
 cos A cos B  sin A sin B 
5
3
 sin A sin B   cos A cos B ...  2 
5
Substituting eq  2  in eq 1 , we get :
3
 cos A cos B
 5 2
cos A cos B
3
 3cos A cos B 
5
1
 cos A cos B 
5

Question 22.

Solution :

1
(c)
2

tan135  tan  90  45 

  tan 45
 1
tan 69  tan 66
Or , tan  69  66  
1  tan 69 tan 66
tan 69  tan 66
 1 
1  tan 69 tan 66
 tan 69  tan 66  tan 69 tan 66  1

Therefore,
2k  1
1
k 
2

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Question 23.

Solution:

x 1
It is given that tan   and tan   .
x 1 2x 1

tan   tan 
tan     
1  tan  tan 
x 1

 x  1 2x  1
x 1
1 
x 1 2x 1

x  2 x  1   x  1


 x  1 2 x  1
 x  1 2 x  1  x
 x  1 2 x  1
2 x2  x  x  1

2 x 2  3x  1  x
2 x2  2 x  1
 2
2x  2x 1
1
   
     tan  1
4  4 
Hence,the correct answer is option D.

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