

Study Material
Downloaded from Vedantu

FREE LIVE ONLINE

MASTER CLASSES
FREE Webinars by Expert Teachers

About Vedantu
Vedantu is India’s largest LIVE online teaching platform
with best teachers from across the country.

Vedantu offers Live Interactive Classes for JEE, NEET, KVPY,

NTSE, Olympiads, CBSE, ICSE, IGCSE, IB & State Boards for
Students Studying in 6-12th Grades and Droppers. Register for FREE

Awesome Master Teachers

Anand Prakash Pulkit Jain Vamsi Krishna
B.Tech, IIT Roorkee B.Tech, IIT Roorkee B.Tech, IIT Bombay
Co-Founder, Vedantu Co-Founder, Vedantu Co-Founder, Vedantu

My mentor is approachable and guides me My son loves the sessions and I can
in my future aspirations as well. already see the change.

Student - Ayushi Parent - Sreelatha

10,04,600+ 9,49,900+ 95% 95% Students of Regular

Hours of LIVE Learning Happy Students  Top Results

Tuitions on Vedantu scored
above 90% in exams!

FREE MASTER CLASS SERIES

 For Grades 6-12th targeting JEE, CBSE, ICSE & much more Register for FREE
 Free 60 Minutes Live Interactive classes everyday
 Learn from the Master Teachers - India’s best Limited Seats!
 Download
Vedantu's App & Get
All Study Material LIVE
with Solution Doubt Solving

Daily FREE Tests and

LIVE Classes Reports

DOWNLOAD THE APP

 Chapter 32 - Statistics

Exercise: 32.1

Page Number:32.6

Question 1:
Solution 1: Formula used for mean deviation:
i) Arranging the data in ascending order:
1 n
MD   di
n i 1
Here,
di  xi  M
2354, 2780, 3011, 3020, 3541, 4150, 5000
Here, median(M)=3020 and n=7
xi di  xi  3020
3011 9
2780 240
3020 0
2354 666
3541 521
4150 1130
5000 4546
Total 4546

1 n
MD   di
n i 1
1
 MD   4546  649.42
7
ii) Arranging the data in ascending order: 34, 38, 42, 44, 46, 48, 54, 55, 63, 70
Here, n is equal to 10. Median is the arithmetic mean of the fifth and the sixth observation.
46  48
Median, M   47
2

xi di  xi  M
38 9
701 23
48 1
34 13
42 5
55 8
63 16
46 1
 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper

Vedantu Innovations Pvt. Ltd.

Score high with a personal teacher, Learn LIVE Online!
www.vedantu.com
 54 7
44 3
Total 86

1
MD   86  8.6
10
iii) Arranging the data in ascending order: 30, 34, 38, 40, 42, 44, 50, 51, 60, 66
Here, n = 10 Also, median is the AM of the fifth and the sixth observation.
42  44
Median, M   43
2
xi di  xi  M
34 9
66 23
30 13
38 5
44 1
50 7
40 3
60 17
42 1
51 8
Total 87
1
MD   87  8.7
10
iv) Arranging the data in ascending order. 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 41, 42
Here, n = 10. Also, median is the AM of the fifth and the sixth observation.
28  29
Median, M   28.5
2
xi di  xi  M
22 6.5
24 4.5
30 1.5
27 1.5
29 0.5
31 2.5
25 3.5
28 0.5
41 12.5
41 13.5
Total 47

1
MD   47  4.7
10
v) Arranging the data in ascending order: 34, 38, 42, 44, 47, 48, 53, 55, 63, 70
Here, it = 10. Also, median is the AM of the fifth and the sixth observation.
47  48
Median, M   47.5
2
xi di  xi  M
38 9.5
70 22.5
48 0.5
34 13.5
63 15.5
42 5.5
55 7.5
44 3.5
53 5.5
47 0.5
Total 84

1
MD   84  8.4
10
Question 2:
Solution 2: Formula used for finding the mean deviation about the mean is given below:
1 n
MD   di , where di  xi  x
n i 1
(i)
Let xi be the mean of the data
4  7  8  9  10  12  13  17
x  10
8
xi di  xi  x
4 6
7 3
8 2
9 1
10 0
12 2
13 3
17 7
Total 24
1 n
MD   di
n i 1
1
MD   24  3
8
(ii)
Let xi be the mean of the data
13  17  16  14  11  13  10  16  11  18  12  17
x  14
12
xi di  xi  x
13 1
17 3
16 2
14 0
11 3
13 1
10 4
16 2
11 3
18 4
12 2
17 3
Total 28

1
MD   28  2.33
12
(iii)
Let xi be the mean of the data
38  70  48  40  42  55  63  46  54  44
x  50
10
xi di  xi  x
38 12
70 20
48 2
40 10
42 8
55 5
63 13
46 4
54 4
44 6
Total 84

1
MD   84  8.4
10
(iv)
Let xi be the mean of the data
Let xi be the mean of the data
 38  70  48  40  42  55  63  46  54  44
x  50
10
xi di  xi  x
36 14
72 22
46 4
42 8
60 10
45 5
53 3
46 4
51 1
49 1
Total 72

1
MD   72  7.2
10
Question 3:
Solution 3:
Calculate the mean deviation for the first data set. The data is already arranged in ascending
order. For this data set, a is equal to 5. Also, M  4400
1 n
MD   di , where di  xi  M
n i 1

xi di  xi  M
4000 400
4200 200
4400 0
4600 200
4800 400
Total 1200

1
MD   1200  240
5
Therefore, for the income of families in the first group, the mean deviation from the median is Rs
240.
Now, consider the second data set. This is also arranged in ascending order. Here,n=7
Also, median M  4400
xi di  xi  M
300 4100
4000 400
4200 200
4600 0
 4800 400
5800 1400
Total 6700

1
MD   6700  957.14
7
Therefore, for the income of families in the second group, the mean deviation from the median is
Rs 957.14.
Question 4:
Solution 4:
i) Formula for the mean deviation from the median is as follows:
1 n
MD   di , where di  xi  M
n i 1
Arranging the data in ascending order for finding the median: 15.2, 27.9, 30.2, 32.5, 40, 52.3,
52.8, 55.2, 72.9, 79
Here, n = 10. Therefore, median is the average of the fifth and the sixth observations.
40  52.3
M  46.15
2
xi di  xi  46.15
40 6.15
52.3 6.15
55.2 9.05
72.9 26.75
52.8 6.65
79 32.85
32.5 13.65
15.2 30.95
27.9 18.25
32 14.15
Total 164.6

1
MD  164.6  16.46
10
Mean deviation from median is 16.4 cm
(ii) let x be the mean of the given data
40  52.3  55.2  72.9  52.8  79  32.5  15.2  27.9  30.2
x  45.98
10
xi di  xi  45.98
40 5.98
52.3 6.32
55.2 9.22
72.9 26.92
52.8 6.82
 79 33.02
32.5 13.48
15.2 30.78
27.9 18.08
32 13.98
Total 164.6

1
MD  164.6 16.46
10
Mean deviation from the mean is 16.4 cm.

Question 5:
Solution 5:
iii) Let 2 be the mean of the data set.
34  66  30  38  44  50  40  60  42  51
x  45.5
10
1 n
MD   di , where di  xi  x
n i 1

xi di  xi  45.5
34 11.5
66 20.5
30 15.5
38 7.5
44 1.5
50 4.5
40 5.5
60 14.5
42 3.5
51 5.5
Total 90

1
MD   90  9
10
x  M .D.  45.5  9  36.5
Also, x  M .D.  45.5  9  54.5
Hence, there are 6 observation between 36.5 and 54.5

(iv)
Let x be the mean of the data sat
22  24  30  27  29  31  25  28  41  42
x  29.9
10
xi di  xi  29.9
 22 7.9
24 5.9
30 0.1
27 2.9
29 0.9
31 1.1
25 4.9
28 1.9
41 11.2
42 12.1
Total 48.8

1
MD   48.8  4.88
10
x  M .D.  29.9  4.88  25.02,
and x  M .D.  29.9  4.88  34.78
There are 5 observation between 25.02 and 34.78.
(v)
Let x be the mean of the data set
38  70  48  34  63  42  55  44  53  47
x  49.4
10
xi di  xi  49.4
38 11.4
70 20.6
48 1.4
34 15.4
63 13.6
42 7.4
55 5.6
44 5.4
53 3.6
47 2.4
Total 86.8

1
MD   86.6  8.68
10
x  MD  49.4  8.68  40.72
and x  MD  49.4  8.68  58.08
There are 6 observation between 40.72and 58.08
Exercise: 32.2

Page Number: 32.11

Question 1:

Solution 1:

In order to find the mean deviation from the median, we will first have to calculate the median.
M is the value of x corresponding to the cumulative frequency just greater than or equal to N/2.

xi fi Cumulative di  xi  61 f i di
Frequency
58 15 15 3 45
59 20 35 2 40
60 32 67 1 32
61 35 102 0 0
62 35 137 1 35
63 22 159 2 44
64 20 179 3 60
65 10 189 4 40
66 8 197 5 40
n
N  fi  197
f
i 1
i di  336

N 197
Here,   98.5 the cumulative frequency just greater that 983.5 is 102. The
2 2
corresponding value of xis 61 therefore, the median is 61.

Question 2

Solution 2:

We will first calculate the median.

xi fi Cumulative di  xi  4 f i di
Frequency
0 14 14 4 56
1 21 35 3 63
2 25 60 2 50
 3 43 103 1 43
4 51 154 0 0
5 40 194 1 40
6 39 233 2 78
7 12 245 3 36
n
N  fi  245
f
i 1
i di  336

Here,

N 245
  122.5
2 2

The cumulative frequency just greater than 122.5 is 154 and the corresponding value of x is 4.

Median, M  4

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi di 
245
 366 1.493

Question 3:

Solution 3:

We will first calculate the median for the data.

xi fi Cumulative di  xi  13 f i di
Frequency
5 2 2 8 16
7 4 6 6 24
9 6 12 4 24
11 8 20 2 16
13 10 30 0 0
15 12 42 2 24
17 8 50 4 32
n
N  fi  50
f
i 1
i di  136

Here,

N 50
  25
2 2

The cumulative frequency just greater than 25 is 30 and the corresponding value of x is 13.
Median, M  13

1 n
MD   fi di
N i 1
1
 136
50
 2.72

Question 4:

Solution 4:

(i)

xi fi Cumulative xi  x f i xi  9
Frequency
5 8 40 4 32
7 6 42 2 12
9 2 18 0 0
10 2 20 1 2
12 2 24 3 6
15 6 90 6 36
n n
N  fi  26
 fi xi  234
i 1
f
i 1
i xi  9  88

i 1

f
n
i xi
234
x  9
N 26

1 n 1
M .D.   fi xi  x   88  3.39
N i 1 26

(ii)

xi fi Cumulative xi  x f i xi  14
Frequency
5 7 35 9 63
10 4 40 4 16
15 6 90 1 6
20 3 60 6 18
25 5 125 11 55
n n
N  25
f x
i 1
i i  350 f
i 1
i xi  14  158
 i 1

fn
i xi
350
x   14
N 25

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi xi  x  158  6.32
25

(iii)

xi fi Cumulative xi  x f i xi  14
Frequency
10 4 40 40 160
30 24 720 20 480
50 28 1400 0 0
70 16 1120 20 320
90 8 720 40 320
n n
N  801
f x
i 1
i i  4000 f
i 1
i xi  50  1280
i 1

f
n
i xi
4000
x   50
N 80

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi xi  x  1280  16
80

(iv)

size xi frequency fi Cumulative xi  x  xi  21.65 fi xi  x  f i xi  21.65

Frequency
20 6 120 1.65 9.9
21 4 84 0.65 2.6
22 5 110 0.35 1.75
23 1 23 1.35 1.35
24 4 96 2.35 9.4
n n
N  20
 fi xi  433
i 1
f
i 1
i xi  x  25
 i 1

f
n
i xi
433
x   21.65
N 20

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi xi  x   25  1.25
20

(v)

size xi frequency fi Cumulative xi  x  xi  8 fi xi  x  f i xi  21.65

Frequency
1 3 3 7 21
3 3 9 5 15
5 4 20 3 12
7 14 98 1 14
9 7 63 1 7
11 4 44 3 12
13 3 39 5 15
15 4 60 7 28
n n
N  42
 fi xi  336
i 1
f
i 1
i xi  x  124

i 1

f
n
i xi
336
x  8
N 42

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi xi  x  124  2.95
42

Question 5

Solution:

(i)

xi fi Cumulative xi  30 f i xi  30
Frequency
15 3 3 15 45
21 5 8 9 45
27 6 14 3 18
30 7 21 0 0
35 8 29 5 40
 n n
N  fi  29
f x
i 1
i i  4000 f
i 1
i xi  30  148

Here,

N 29
  14.5
2 2

The cumulative frequency greater than 14.5 is 21 corresponding value of x is 30

Median, M  30

1 n 1
MD  
N i 1
fi xi  M  148  5.10
29

(ii)

xi fi Cumulative xi  30 f i xi  30
Frequency
35 4 4 39 156
42 2 6 32 64
54 4 10 20 80
74 20 30 0 0
89 12 42 15 180
91 3 50 20 60
n
N  fi  50
f
i 1
i xi  74  625

N 50
Here,   25
2 2

Here, The cumulative frequency greater than 25 is 30 corresponding value of x is 74

Median, M  89

1 n 1
MD   fi xi  M   775  12.5
N i 1 50
Exercise: 32.3

Page Number:32.16

Question 1.

Solution:

Class Frequency Cumulative Mid-values di  xi  25 fi di

fi Frequency xi

0-10 5 5 5 20 100

10-20 10 15 15 10 100

20-30 20 35 25 0 0

30-40 5 40 35 10 50

40-50 10 50 45 20 200
5 5
N   fi
i 1
 fi di
i 1

 50  450

Here, N  50
N
  25
2

N
The cumulative frequency greater than  25 is 35 and the corresponding classs is 20-30
2

Therefore, the median class is 20-30.

 l  20, f  20, F  15, N  50, h  10
N 
 F
2
 Median  l   h
f
 50 
  15 
2
 20    10
20

 20 
 25  15 10
20
 25

f
i 1
i di
450
Mean deviation from the median   9
N 50

Question 2.

Solution:

(i) We will compute the mean deviation from the mean in the following way:

Classes fi Midpoints f i xi xi  X fi xi  X
xi
= xi  358
0-100 4 50 200 308 1232
100-200 8 150 1200 208 1664
200-300 9 250 2250 108 972
300-400 10 350 3500 8 80
400-500 7 450 3150 92 644
500-600 5 550 2750 192 960
600-700 4 650 2600 292 1168
700-800 3 750 2250 392 1176
8 i 1 8

 fi  f i xi f
i 1
i xi  X
i 1 8

 50  17900  7896
 6 6
N   fi  50 and f x i i  17900
i 1 i 1

f x
i 1
i i
17900
X i 1
  358
50
f 8
i

1 8
 Mean deviation   fi xi  X
N i 1
7896

50
 157.92

(ii)we will compute the mean deviation from the mean in the following way:

Classes Frequencies Midpoints f i xi xi  X fi xi  X

fi xi
=
xi  128.58
95-105 9 100 900 28.58 257.22
105-115 13 110 1430 18.58 241.54
115-125 16 120 1920 8.58 137.28
125-135 26 130 3380 1.42 36.92
135-145 30 140 4200 11.42 342.6
145-155 12 150 1800 21.42 257.04
6 6 8

 fi  106
i 1
 fi xi  13630
i 1
f
i 1
i xi  X  1272.6

6 6
N   fi f x i i
i 1
and i 1

 106  13630
 6

f x
i 1
i i
X  6

f
i 1
i

13630

106
 128.58

1 8
 Mean deviation   fi xi  X
N i 1
1272.6

106
 12.005

(iii)

Classes Frequencies Midpoints f i xi xi  X = fi xi  X

fi xi
xi  358

0-10 6 5 30 22 132

10-20 8 15 120 12 96

20-30 14 25 350 2 28

30-40 16 35 560 8 128

40-50 4 45 180 18 72

50-60 2 55 110 28 56

6 i 1 8

 fi  50
i 1
6
f i xi  1350 f
i 1
i xi  X  512
 6 6
N   f i  50 And f x i i  1350
i 1 i 1

f x
i 1
i i
X 6

f
i 1
i

1350

50
 27

1 8
 Mean deviation   fi xi  X
N i 1
512

50
 10.24

Question 3.

Solution:

Computation of mean deviation from the mean:

Marks Number of Midpoints f i xi xi  X = fi xi  X

students f i xi
xi  49

10-20 8 15 120 34 272

20-30 10 25 250 24 240

30-40 15 35 525 14 210

40-50 25 45 1125 4 100

50-60 20 55 1100 6 120

60-70 18 65 1170 16 288

 70-80 9 75 675 26 234

80-90 5 85 425 36 180

8 8 8
N   fi  fi xi f i xi  X
i 1 i 1 i 1

 110  5390  1644

8 8
N   f i  110 and f x i i  5390
i 1 i 1

f x
i 1
i i
X 
N
5390

110
 49

f
i 1
i xi  X
Mean deviation 
N
1644

110
 14.945
 14.95

Question 4.

Solution:

To make this function continues,we need to substract 0.25 from the lower limit and add 0.25 to
the upper limit of the class.

Age Number of Cumulative Midpoints di  xi  38.63 fi di

people f i frequency xi

16.75-19.75 5 5 18.25 20.38 101.9

 19.75-25.75 16 21 22.75 15.88 254.08
25.75-35.75 12 33 30.75 7.88 94.56
35.75-40.75 26 59 38.25 0.38 9.38
40.75-50.75 14 73 45.75 7.12 99.68
50.75-55.75 12 85 53.25 14.62 175.44
55.75-60.75 6 91 58.25 19.62 117.72
60.75-70.75 5 96 65.75 27.12 135.6
i 1 8
N   fi f i di
8 i 1

 96  988.36

N  96
N
  48
2
N
The cumulative frequency just greater than  38 is 59 and the corresponding class is 35.75  40.75.
2
Thus, the median class is 35.75  40.75

l  35.75, f  26, F  33, h  5

N
F
Median  l  2 h
f
 48  33
 35.75  5
26
 35.75  2.88
 38.63
8

f
i 1
i di
Mean deviation from the median 
N
988.36

96
 10.29
Question 5.
Solution:

Computation of mean distribution from the median:

Marks Number Cumulative Midpoints di  xi  28 fi di fi xi xi  27 fi xi  27

of Frequency xi
students
fi

0-10 5 5 5 23 115 25 22 110

10-20 8 13 15 13 104 120 12 96
20-30 15 28 25 3 45 375 2 30
30-40 16 44 35 7 112 560 8 128
40-50 6 50 45 17 102 270 18 108
N  50 5 1350 5

 fi di  478
i 1
f
i 1
i xi  27

 472

N
N  50 ,  25
2

N
The cumulative frequency just greater than  25 is 28 and the corresponding class is 20-30.
2

Thus, the median class is 20-30.

Using formula:
 l = 20, F = 13, f = 15, h = 10
N
F
Median = l + 2 ×h
f

Substituting the values :

25  13
Median = 20 + ×10
15
= 20 + 8
= 28
5

f
i 1
i di
Mean distribution from the median =
N
478
=
50
= 9.56

f x i i

 
Mean X = i 1

N
1350
=
50
= 27
5
1
Mean deviation from the mean = ×  f i xi  27
50 i 1
472
=
50
= 9.44

Mean deviation from the median and the mean are 9.56 and 9.44, respectively.

Question 6.

Solution:

Since the fuction is not continues, we subtract 0.5 from the lower limit of the class and add 0.5 to
the upper limit of the class so that the class interval remains same, while the function become
continues.
Thus, the mean distribution table will be as follows:

Age Number of Midpoint Cumulative di  xi  38 f i di

persons xi frequency
fi

15.5-20.5 5 18 5 20 100
20.5-25.5 6 23 11 15 90
25.5-30.5 12 28 23 10 120
30.5-35.5 14 33 37 5 70
35.5-40.5 26 38 63 0 0
40.5-45.5 12 43 75 5 60
45.5-50.5 16 48 91 10 160
50.5-55.5 9 53 100 15 135
8 8
N   fi  100 f d i i
i 1 i 1

 735

N  100
N
  50
2

Thus, the cumulative frequency slightly greater than 50 is 63 and falls in the median class 35.5-
40.5.
 l = 35.5 , F = 37 , f = 26 , h = 5
N
 F
Median = l + 2 ×h
f

 50  37 
= 35.5+ ×5
26
= 35.5+ 2.5
= 38
 8

f
i 1
i di
Mean deviation about the median age =
N
735
=
100
= 7.35

Thus, the mean deviation from the median age is 7.35 years.
 l = 35.5 , F = 37 , f = 26 , h = 5
N
 F
Median = l + 2 ×h
f

 50  37 
= 35.5+ ×5
26
= 35.5+ 2.5
= 38
8

f
i 1
i di
Mean deviation about the median age =
N
735
=
100
= 7.35
 l = 35.5 , F = 37 , f = 26 , h = 5
N
 F
Median = l + 2 ×h
f

 50  37 
= 35.5+ ×5
26
= 35.5+ 2.5
= 38
8

f
i 1
i di
Mean deviation about the median age =
N
735
=
100
= 7.35

Question 7.

Solution:

Let the assumed mean A=10 and h=4.

 Class Mid- Frequency(fi) xi  10 f i di xi  X  f i xi  X
interval value(Xi) di 
4
xi  9.2

0-4 2 4 -2 -8 7.2 28.8

4-8 6 6 -1 -6 3.2 19.2

8-12 10 8 0 0 0.8 6.4

12-16 14 5 1 5 4.8 24

16-20 18 2 2 4 8.8 17.6

N=25  fi di  fi xi  X 
=-5 96

Here, N=25 and  f i di =-5

Mean

1 
X  A  h   fi d i 
N 
 1 
 10  4    5  
 25 
20
 10 
25
 10  0.8
 9.2

1 1
Mean Deviation about mean 
N
 fi xi  X 
25
 96  3.84

Question 8.

Solution:

Calculation of mean deviation about the median.

 Class interval Mid- Frequency Cummulative xi  14 f i xi  14
values(Xi) (fi) frequency(c.f)

0-6 3 4 4 11 44

6-12 9 5 9 5 25

12-18 15 3 12 1 3

18-24 21 6 18 7 42

24-30 27 2 20 13 26

N=20  fi xi  14
 140

N
Here,N=20.So,  10
2

N
The cumulative frequency just greater than is 12.Thus,12-18 is the median class.
2

Now, I=12,h=6,f=3 and F=9

N
F
2  10  9 
 Median  l   h  12     6  14
f  3 

Now,

1 1
Mean deviation about median =
N
 f i xi  14 
20
 140  7
Exercise: 32.4

Page Number: 32.28

Question 1:

Solution 1: (i) 2,4,5,6,8,17

2  4  5  6  8  17 42
Mean  X   7
6 6
xi  x  X    x  7
i i  xi  7 
2

2 -3 25
4 -3 9
5 -2 4
6 -1 1
8 1 1
17 10 100
6 2
 x  X 
i 1
i  140

n6
6 2
 x  X 
i
Variance  X   i 1

n
140

6
 23.33
Standard deviation  Variance ( X )
 23.33
 4.83
(ii) 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 4, 8, 12.

6  7  10  12  13  4  8  12
Mean 
8
72

8
9
2
xi  
xi  X   xi  9  x  X i

6 -3 9
7 -2 4
 10 1 1
12 3 9
13 4 16
4 -5 25
8 -1 1
12 3 9
8 2
 x  X 
i 1
i  74

n8
8 2
 x  X 
i
 Variance  X   i 1

n
74

8
 9.25
Standard deviation  Variance  X 
 9.25
 3.04
(iii) 227, 235, 255, 269, 292, 299, 312, 321, 333, 348.
227  235  255  269  292  299  312  321  333  348
Mean 
10
2891
  289.1
10
2
xi  
xi  X   xi  289.1 xi  X 
227 -62.1 3856.41
235 -54.1 2926.81
255 -34.1 1162.81
269 -20.1 404.01
292 2.9 8.41
299 9.9 98.01
312 22.9 524.41
321 31.9 1017.61
333 43.9 1927.21
348 58.9 3469.21
10
2
 x  x 
i 1
i  15394.9
n  10
10
2
 x  X 
i
 Variance  X   i 1

n
15394.9

10
 1539.49
Standard deviation  Variance  X 
 1539.49
 39.24
(iv) 15, 22, 27, 11, 9, 21, 14, 9.
15  22  27  11  9  21  14  9 128
Mean    16
8 8
2
xi  
xi  X   xi  16  x  X 
i

15 -1 1
22 6 36
27 11 121
11 5 25
9 -7 49
21 5 25
14 -2 4
9 -7 49
8
2
 x  X 
i 1
i  310

n 8
8 2
 x  x i
Variance  X   i 1

n
310

8
 38.75
Standard deviation  Variance  X 
 38.75
 6.22
Question 2:.
Solution 2:
Let x1 , x2 , x3 , ..., x20 be the 20 given observations.
Variance  X   5
1 2
Variance  X  =
20
×  xi  X   =5

 Here, X is the mean of the given observations.

Let u1 , u2 ,u20 be the new observation.
ui  2 xi  for i  1, 2,3, ..., 20  ... 1
20

u
i 1
i
Mean  U 
n
20

2 x i
 i 1
 substituting ui from eq 1 and taking n as 20 
20
i 1

x 20
i
 2
20
2X
ui  U  2 xi  2 X  for i  1, 2, ..., 20 
 2  xi  X 
2 2
 u  U    2  x  X    squaring both the sides 
i i

2
 4 x  X  i
20 i 1
2 2
   ui  U 
i 1
 4  xi  X 
20
20 i 1
2 2
 u U 
i 1
i 4  x  X 
20
i

20 20
20
2
x  X 
i 1
i
4
20

Variance U   4  Variance  X 

 45
 20
Thus, variance of the new observations is 20.

Question 3:
Solution 3: Let x1,x2/x3, ..., x15 be the given observations. Variance X is given as 4. If X is the
mean of the given observations, then we get:
1 15 2
Variance X   xi  X
15 i 1
 
4
Let u1 , u2 ,u15 be the new observations such that
ui  xi  9  for i  1, 2 ,3, ...,15 .... 1
1 15
U  ui
n i 1
1 15
   xi  9 
15 i 1
1 i 1 9 15  15

 
15 15
xi 
15  as

9  9 15
i 1

 X 9 ...  2 

ui  U   xi  9    9  X   from eq 1 and eq  2  

 xi  X

1 2 1 2
   ui  U    xi  X   squaring both the sides and then dividing by15
15 15

1 15 2 1 15 2
    ui  U      xi  X 
15 i 1 15 i 1
1 15 2
    ui  U   4
15 i 1

 Variance U   4
Thus, variance of the new observation is 4.

Question 4:

Solution 4: Let x and y be the other two observations.

Mean is 4.4
1 2  6  x  y
  4.4
5
 9  x  y  22 x  y  13 ... 1
Let Var  X  be the variance of these observations which is to be 8.24

If X is the mean than we have:

1 2
8.24  12  22  62  x 2  y 2   x
5

1 2
 1  4  36  x 2  y 2    4.4 
5
1
  41  x 2  y 2   19.36
5
 x  y 2  97
2
...  2 
2 2
 x  y   x  y  2  x2  y 2 
2
 132   x  y   2  97 using eq 1 and eq  2  
2
  x  y   194  169  25
 x  y  5 ....  3
Solving eq 1 and eq  3 for x  y   5 and x  y  13
2 x  18
 x9
 y4
Thus, the other two observations are 9 and 4.

Question 5:
Solution 5:
Mean  X  8
n6
  S .D  4
If x1, x2.... x6 are the given observations
1 6
X   xi
n i 1
1 6
 8   xi
6 i 1
Let u1,u2 .....u6 be the new observations
 ui  3 xi  for i  1, 2,3...6 
1 i 1
 Mean of new observations  U   ui
n 6
i 1
1
  3xi
6 6

1 6
 3   xi
6 i 1
3X
 3 8
 24
Thus, mean of the new observation is 24.
SD   x  4
 x 2  Variance X
 Variance X  16
1 6 2
 
6 i 1
 xi  X   16 ... 1

1 6 2
Variance U    u 2  
6 i 1
 ui  U 

1 6 2
    3xi  3 X 
6 i 1
1 6 2
 32  
6 i 1
 xi  X 

 9 16
 u  Variance U 
 9 16
 12
Thus, standard deviation of the new data is 12
Question 6:

Solution 6: Let x and y be the remaining two observations.

n 8
Variance  9.25
X  Mean  9
6  7  10  12  12  13  x  y
 9
8
 60  x  y  72
 x  y  12 ... 1
1 8 2 2
Variance X   xi   X 
n i 1
1 
 9.25     62  7 2  102  122  122  132  x 2  y 2    9 2
8 
1
 9.25   642  x 2  y 2   81
8
 9.25  8  642  x 2  y 2  648
 x 2  y 2  80 ....  2 
We know,
2 2
 x  y   x  y  2  x2  y 2 
2
 122   x  y   2  80 using equations 1 and  2  
2
 144   x  y   160
2
  x  y   16
 x  y  4
If x  y  4, then x  y  12 and x  y  4 give x  8 and y  4
If x  y  4, then x  y  12 and x  y  4 give x  4 and y  8
Thus, the remaining two observations are 8 and 4.

Question 7:
Solution 7:
n  200, X  40,  15
1
n
xi  X
1

200
xi  40
  xi  40  200  8000

Since the score was misread, this sum is in correct.

 Corrected xi  8000  34  53  43  35

 8000  7
 7993
Corrected  xi
 Correctedmean 
200
7993

200
 39.955
SD    15
 Variance  152  225
According to the formula,
 2
1  1 
Variance   xi 2    xi 
n  n 
1 2
  xi 2   40   225
200
1 2
   xi   1600  225
200
2
   xi   200  1825  365000

This is an incorrect reading

2
 Corrected   xi   365000  342  532  432  352

 365000  1156  2809  1849  1225

 364109
1  2
Corrected variance =   Corrected xi    Corrected mean 
n 
 1  2
=  364109    39.955 
 200 
= 1820.545  1596.402
= 224.14
Corrected SD = Corrected variance
= 224.14
= 14.97
Question 8:
Solution 8:
n  100
Mean  X  40
  SD  5.1
1
n
xi  X
 xi  100  40  4000
Corrected sum, xi  4000  50  40
 3990
Corrected sum
 Corrected mean 
100
3990

100
 39.9 ... 1
Variance  
2
  2   5.1  Variance
According to the formula,

1 2
xi 2   X   Variance
n
1 2
  xi 2   40   26.01
100
1

100
xi 2  1600  26.01
1
  xi 2  1626.01
100
 xi 2  162601

Corrected mean = 39.9 Corrected standard deviation = 5

Question 9:
n  20
Mean  X
SD    2
1
n
xi  X
1
 xi  10
20
 x i = 200
 Variance = σ 2 = 4

1
n
xi 2  X 2 = 4 
1

20
xi 2  102 = 4
1
  xi 2 = 104
20
2
 x i = 104 × 20 = 2080

Corrected xi = 192

Corrected  xi
  Corrected mean  =
19
192
=
19
= 10.10
Corrected mean = 39.9 Corrected standard deviation = 5
Question 9:
 Incorrected xi  200

Corrected xi  200  8  12  204

204
Corrected X   10.2
20
2
ncorrected x i = 2080  from  2  

Corrected xi 2 = 2080  82 +122

= 2160
1 2
Corrected variance = × Corrected xi 2   Corrected X 
20
2
1  204 
= × 2160   
20  20 
2

=
 2160  20    204 
202
43200  41616
=
400
1584
=
400
Corrected SD = Corrected variance
1584
=
400
396
=
10
19.899
=
10
= 1.9899
 2
Corrected x i + 82 = 2080

2
 Corrected x i = 2080  64

= 2016
1 2 2
 Corrected x i   Corrected mean  = Corrected variance
19
2
1  192 
 Corrected variance = × 2016   
19  19 

 Corrected variance =
 2016 19   192 
192
38304  36864
 Corrected variance =
192
1440
 Corrected variance = 2
19
Corrected SD = Corrected variance
1440
=
192
12 10
=
19
= 1.997
From equation 1 :
2
 Corrected x i  162601  502  402

 161701 ....  2 
1 2
Corrected variance  Corrected xi 2   Corrected mean 
100
161701 2
   39.9 
100
= 1617.01 1592. 01
 25
Corrected SD = Corrected variance
= 25
=5
Question 10:
n = 100
Mean = X = 20
SD = σ = 3
Misread values are 21, 21 and18.
1
n
 xi = X
1

100
xi  20
 xi  20 100  2000

Also,  x = 2000   21  21  18 =1940

i

1940
Corrected X = = 20 ....  2 
97
 3
 Variance   2  9
1 2
 Variance  xi 2   X 
n
1

100
xi 2  202  9
1
  xi 2  9  400
100
1

100
xi 2  409
 xi 2  409 100  40900

Corrected xi 2  40900   212  212  182 

 40900  441 441 324

 39694
1 2
Corrected variance = xi 2   X 
n
1 2
  39694   20 
97
 409.216  400
 9.216
Corrected SD = Corrected variance
= 9.216
= 3.0357
Exercise: 32.5

Page Number: 32.41

Question 1:

Solution:

x 4.5 14.5 24.5 34.5 44.5 54.5 64.5

y 1 5 12 22 17 9 4

Mean value is 34.5

xi fi di  xi  34.5 xi  34.5 fiui ui 2 fiui 2

ui 
10
4.5 1 -30 -3 -3 9 9
14.5 5 -20 -2 -10 4 20
24 12 -10 -1 -12 1 12
34.5 22 0 0 0 0 0
44.5 17 10 1 17 1 17
54.5 9 20 2 18 4 36
64.5 4 30 3 12 9 36
2
N   fi  70 f u i i  22 f u i i  130

2
1 n2 2 1 n  
Var  X   h   fi ui    fi ui  
 N i 1  N i 1  

n n
N  70,  fiui  22,  fi ui 2  130, h  10
i 1 i 1
 2
1  1  
Var  X   102  130    22  
 70  70  
130  22  2 
 100    
 70  70  
13 121 
 100  
 7 1225 
 100 1.857  0.0987 
 100 1.7583
 175.83

SD  Var  X 
 175.83
 13.26

Question 2:

Answer 2:

Mean= X 
f x
i i

10078
 3.88
f i 2600

xi fi fi xi 2 2
xi  X x  X 
i fi  xi  X 
0 51 0 -3.88 15.05 767.55
1 203 203 -2.88 8.29 1682.87
2 383 766 -1.88 3.53 1351.99
3 525 1575 -0.88 0.77 404.25
4 532 2128 0.12 0.014 7.448
5 408 2040 1.12 1.25 510
6 273 1638 2.12 4.49 1225.77
7 139 973 3.12 9.73 1352.47
8 42 344 4.12 16.97 729.71
9 27 243 5.12 26.21 707.67
10 10 100 6.12 37.45 374.5
11 4 44 7.12 50.69 202.76
12 2 24 8.12 65.93 131.86
2
 fi  N  2600  fi xi  10078 f x  X 
i i  9448.848
 2

Variance,  2

f x  X 
i i

9448.848
 3.63
N 2600

Page Number: 32.42

Question 3:

Solution:

Year No. of fi xi  35 fiui ui 2 fiui 2

ui 
render persons 10

10 15 15 -2.5 -37.5 6.25 93.75

20 32 17 -1.5 -25.5 2.25 38.25
30 51 19 -0.5 -9.5 0.25 4.75
40 78 27 0.5 13.5 0.25 6.75
50 97 19 1.5 28.5 2.25 42.75
60 109 12 2.5 30 6.25 75
f i  N  109  fiui  0.5  fiui 2  261.25

  f i ui 
X  A h
 N 
 
 0.5 
 35  10  
 109 
 34.96 years

2
 fu2  fu 
  h  i i   i i
2 2

 
 N  N 
   
 261.25 0.25 
 100  
 109 11881 
 100  2.396
 239.6
  239.6
 15.47 years
coefficient of skewness = Mean  Mode
=34.96-40
=  5.04
Question 4:

Solution:

xi fi fi xi 2 2
xi  X x  X 
i fi  xi  X 
3 7 21 -9.79 95.84 670.88
8 10 80 -4.79 22.94 229.4
13 15 195 0.21 0.04 0.6
18 10 180 5.21 27.14 271.4
23 6 138 10.21 104.24 625.44
2
f i  48  fi xi  614 f x  X 
i i  1797.32

Variance,  2

f x  X 
i i

1797.32
 37.44
f i 48

SD,  37.44  6.12

Exercise: 32.6

Page Number:32.47

Question 1:

Solution:

Expen fi Mid fi xi 2

diture point(xi
xi  X x  X  f x  X 
i i i

0-10 14 5 70 -21.1 445.21 6233.94

10-20 13 15 195 -11.1 123.21 1601.1
20-30 27 25 675 -1.1 1.21 34.67
30-40 21 35 735 8.9 79.21 1663.41
40-50 15 45 675 18.9 357.21 53.58
2
f i  90 f x i i  2350 f u i i  0.5 f x  X 
i i 

2350
Mean= X   26.11
90
14891.9
Variance=  2  165.47
90
SD,  165.47 12.86
Question 2

Solution:

Class fi Mid xi  105 yi 2 fi yi fi yi 2

point yi 
30
(xi)

0-30 9 15 -3 9 -27 81

30-60 17 45 -2 4 -34 68
60-90 43 75 -1 1 -43 43
90-120 82 105 0 0 0 0
 120- 81 135 1 1 81 81
150
150- 44 165 2 4 88 176
180

180- 24 195 3 9 72 216

210

2
f i  N  300 f y i i  137 f y i i  665

1   137 
Mean= x  a  h  fi yi   105  30    118.7
N   300 
h2 2
 2  2  N  fi yi 2    fi yi  
N  
900
 300  665  18769
90000
1
 199500  18769
100
180731
  1807.31
100

SD,   1807.31  42.51

Question 3:

Solution:
Expend fi Mid xi  35 fiui fi ui 2
iture point(xi ui 
10
)

0-10 18 5 -3 -54 162

10-20 16 15 -2 -32 64
20-30 15 25 -1 -15 15
30-40 12 35 0 0 0
40-50 10 45 1 10 10
50-60 5 55 2 10 20
 60-70 2 65 3 6 18
70-80 1 75 4 4 16
2
f i  79 f ui i  71 f u i i  305

  fi ui   71 
X  a  h  35  10    26.01
 N   79 
 
AM=26.01
 f u 2  f u 2 
2 2  i i  i i 
 h  
 N  
  N  
 305 5041 
 100  
 79 6241 
 305.20
  305.20  17.47

Question 4:

Solution
xo  40,  o  5.1, and n  100
 xo  4000
Corrected sum of observations, xn  4000  50  40  3990
n  100
x
 xn  n  39.90
n
Also, SD,  o  5.1
2
   xi  xo   2601
2 2 2
   xi  xn   2601   50  40    40  39.90   2601  100  0.01  2501.01
2
  xi  xn  2501.01
 n   5
n 100
Exercise: 32.7

Question 1:

Solution.

Variance of the distribution of wages in plant A (2  81) Standard deviation of the distribution
of wages in plant A ( - 9)
Variance of the distribution of wages in plant B (2 100) Standard deviation of the distribution
of wages in plant B ( - 10) Average monthly wages in both the plants are its 2500. Thus, the
plant with greater value of SD will have more variability in salary. Plant B has more variability
in individual wages than plant A.

Question2:

Solution.
SD
Coeffient of variations  CV  in weights  100
Mean
5.6
 100
63.2
 8.86
11.5
Coefficient of variations  CV  in heights  100
63.2
 18.19
Cv in heights is greater than CV in weights.
Thus,Heights will show more variability than weights.

Question 3:
Solution.
The coefficient of variation (CV) for the first distribution is 60.
The coefficient of variation (CV) for the second distribution is 70
SD  1   21
SD  2   16
We know:

CV  100
X
From the above formula, we get:

X 100
CV
 21
X1  100  35
60

16
X2  100  22.86
70

Question 4:
Solution.
  fi ui   37 
X  a  h   3450  700    3234.17
 N   120 
 
 f u 2  f u 2 
2 2  i i  i i    490000  275  1369   1076332.64
 h    120 14400 
 N  
  N  
  1076332.64  1037.46
 1037.46
CV   100   100  32.08
X 3234.17
Question 5:

Solution.
Total weekly wages
Average weekly wages 
Number of workers
Total weekly wages = (Average weekly wages) (Numbers of workers)
Total weekly wages for firm A = Rs 52.5 x 586 = Rs 30765
Total weekly wages for firm B = Rs 47.5 x 648 = Rs 30780
(i) Firm B pays a larger amount as weekly wages.
(ii) SD (firm A) = 10 SD (firm B) = 11
10
CV  firm A   100
52.5
 19.04

11
CV  firm B   100
47.5
 23.15
Since CV of firm B is greater than that of firm A, firm B has greater variability in individual
wages.
Question 6:

Solution.
We know:
SD(boys) is 3 and SD (girls) is 2.
 
CV  100
X
3
CV  boys   100
60
5
2
CV  girls   100
45
 4.44
Since CV for boys is greater than that of girls, distribution of the weights of boys is more
variable than that of girls.

Question 7:
Solution 7.
We know:

CV  100
X
X m  42, m  12X p  32, p  15X c  40.9, c  20
12 1200
CV of mathematics marks  100   28.57
42 42
15 1500
CV of physics marks  100   46.87
32 32
20 2000
CV of chemistry marks  100   48.89
40.9 40.9
Since CV of Chemistry is the greatest, the variability of marks in chemistry is the higest and that
of mathematics is the lowest.

Question 8:
Solution.
h  5, a  45
For Group1:
  f i ui   6 
X  a  h  45  10    44.6
 N   150 
 
 f u 2  f u 2 
2 2  i i  i i    100  342  36   227.84
 h    150 22500 
 N  
  N  
  227.84  15.09
For Group2:
  f i ui   6 
X  a  h   45  10    44.6
 N  150 
 
 2
 fu2  fu 
  h  i i   i i

2 2
   100  366  36   243.84
 N  N   150 22500 
   
  243.84  15.62

Question 9:
Solution 9.
Here,
h  5, a  27.5
  f i ui   8 
X  a  h   27.5  5    27.9
 N   100 
 
 f u 2  f u 2 
2 2  i i  i i    25 150  64   37.34
 h  
 N 
 N  
 100 10000 

  37.34  6.11
We know that
 6.11
CV  100 100  21.9
X 27.9
Question 10:
Solution 10.
Let Ax=51
Here,We have
n  10, X  51
2 2

 2

d i
 di



n  n
 
2
350  0 
  
10  10 
 35  0
 35
  35  5.91
5.91
CVx  100  11.58
51
Let Ay=105
n  10, Y  105
2 2

 2

d i
 di



n  n
 
2
40  0 
  
10  10 
 40
4
  42
2
CVy  100  1.90
105
Since CV of prices of share Y is lesser than that of X, prices of shares Y are more stable.

Question 11:

Solution 11.
For Factory A
Let the assumed mean A=800 and h=100.
  f i ui  10
Mean, X A  A  h    800  100   808.33
  fi  120
 
Standard Deviation,
2
  f i ui2    f i ui   146   10 
2

A  h     100     100 1.0998  109.98

  fi    fi   120   120 
   
 109.98
Coefficient of variation= A 100  100  13.61
XA 808.33
For Factory B
Let the assumed mean A=800 and h=100.
  f iui   36   800  30  770
Mean, X B  A  h    800  100 
  fi  120
 
2
  fi ui2    f iui   156   36 
2

Standard deviation,  B  h  
    100  
    100 1.1  110
  fi    f i   120   120 
   
 110
Coefficient of variation= B 100  100  14.29
XB 770
Since the coefficient of variation of factory B is Greater than the coefficient of variation of
factory A,therefore,Factory B has more variability than factory A.This mean bulbs of factory A
are more consistent from the point of view of length of life.

Question 12:
Solution 12.
For Ravi

Mean, X R  A 
d i
 45 
 9   44.1
10 10
2 2
2

Standard Deviation,  R 
d   di 

i
 
1699  9 
    169.09  13.003
10  10  10  10 
 
 13.003
Coefficient of variation= R 100  100  29.49
XR 44.1
For Hashina

Mean, X H  A 
 di  55   20  53
10 10
2 2
2

Standard Deviation,  H 
d 
  di 
i
 
6368  20 

 10    632.8  25.16
10   10  10 
 25.16
Coefficicent of variation= H 100  100  47.47
XH 53
Since the coefficient of variation in mark obtained by Hashima is greater than the coefficient of
variation in mark obtained by Ravi, so Hashina is more consistent and intelligent.
Exercise: 32. VSA

Page Number: 32.41

Question 1:
n  n  1
Solution: Sum of first n natural numbers 
2
Sum of all the observations
Mean X 
Total number of observations
n  n  1
2 n 1
 
n 2
2
 n 1

 i x  X    xi 
2

2 
 2   
n n
2
1  2  n 1 
   xi  xi  n  1    
n   2  
2
n  n  1 2n  1  n  n  1   n  1   n  1
    n
6n  2  n  4n
2 2


 n  1 2n  1   n  1 
 n  1
6 2 4


 n  1 n  1   n  1
2

12 12
Question 2:

Solution
The sum of the squares of deviations for 10 observations, taken from their mean. is 2.5.
2.5
Square of each deviation =  0.25
10
Standard deviation 0.25  0.5

Question 3:
Solution:
2

Var  X  
 x  X 
i

n
2

Var Y  
 y Y i

n
yi  axi  b

y
y i

a xi  nb
 aX  b
n n
2 2 2

Var Y  
  ax  b  aX  b 
i

  ax  aX 
i
a 2  x  X 
i
 a 2Var  X 
n n n

Question 4:
Solution:
a X  nb
Y
aX  b
Y
yi  c
c n n
a X nb
 
nc nc
aX b
 
c c
2

Var  X  
  xi  X 
n
2
2

Var Y  
 y Y  i

n
2
 aX b a b
  c  c  c X  c 

n
2
 aX a 
  c  c X 

n
2
a
 
2
 x  X 
i

c n
2
a
  2
c
2
a
SD       2
c
a

c
Question 5:
Solution
n  20
di  xi  a

 xi 
x i

20
 xi  0
 xi
 di  xi  0
 di 2  20k 2
2 2

 2

d i
 di



n  n
 
20k 2
 0
20
 k2
  2  k2
 k  2

Question 6:
Solution:
2
 x  x
i
i
Standard deviation  
n
Here, x represent the arithmetic mean.
Multiply each xi by a
1
x new   a.xi
n
i

1
 a xi
n i
 a.x old
 2
  a.x  a.x 
i
i
New standard deviation,  new 
n
2
a .  x  x 
i
2
i

n
2
 x  x
i
i
a
n
 a .

Question 7:
Solution:
n

x f
i0
i i
0  nCo  1 nC1  ...  n  nCn
x n
 n
Co  nC1  ...  nCn
f
i 0
i

n  2n 1
x
2n
n 1
n  n  1

2
 Thank You
for downloading the PDF

FREE LIVE ONLINE

MASTER CLASSES
FREE Webinars by Expert Teachers

FREE MASTER CLASS SERIES

 For Grades 6-12th targeting JEE, CBSE, ICSE & much more Register for FREE
 Free 60 Minutes Live Interactive classes everyday
 Learn from the Master Teachers - India’s best Limited Seats!